CN105905900A - CO2 decomposing method, CO2 decomposing system and application thereof - Google Patents
CO2 decomposing method, CO2 decomposing system and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105905900A CN105905900A CN201610279521.4A CN201610279521A CN105905900A CN 105905900 A CN105905900 A CN 105905900A CN 201610279521 A CN201610279521 A CN 201610279521A CN 105905900 A CN105905900 A CN 105905900A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0203—Preparation of oxygen from inorganic compounds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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Abstract
The invention discloses a CO2 decomposing method, a CO2 decomposing system and application thereof. The CO2 decomposing method includes: putting CO2 in a radiation range of a radiation source so as to utilize ionizing radiation to decompose CO2 into CO and O2. By the CO2 decomposing method, CO2 decomposition can be realized effectively to obtain CO and O2 having industrial application value; besides, devices or materials releasing ionizing radiation are fully utilized, waste recycling is realized and equivalent to zero energy consumption, cost is low, and efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to CO2Decomposition technique field.
Background technology
Since the industrial revolution, a large amount of social economies consuming fossil energy of the whole world particularly developed country live
Dynamic produced CO2Accumulative discharge, result in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration and dramatically increases, and it is caused
The consequences such as global warming, sea level rise, extreme weather events are brought huge to the survival and development of human future
Big challenge.As far back as the late 19th century, Sweden scientist Si Wan Ahrrenius just proposes CO2Discharge capacity
The warning of global warming may be caused, but just cause the extensive concern of masses to 20 century 70s.
Formally effective " the United Nations's climate change framework public affairs being participated in negotiation by more than 150 countries of the United Nations in 1994
About ", and " Kyoto Protocol of UNFCCC " signed for 1997, explicitly point out
Include CO2, methane etc. is at six kinds of interior greenhouse gases, and be duly admitted owing to mankind's activity causes
The increase of the concentration of greenhouse gases enhances nature greenhouse effects, and may produce natural ecosystems and the mankind
Raw adverse effect, the discharge capacity therefore defining the greenhouse gas emission total amount signing contract various countries limits, with
Shi Yaoqiu various countries perform according to this country's situation and/or the most meticulously work out a policy and measure.In this Kyodo Protocol
After half a year ordered by bookmark, China also endorsed this agreement.Hereafter, for preferably fulfiling this agreement, China
China's National Climate Change Program, " China's reply climate change has been issued respectively in the period that is not both
Scientific and technological actions ", " " 12 " control greenhouse gas emission programme of work ", " country's acclimatization change
Strategy ", the scheme rule of " country reply climate change planning (2014-2020) " etc. and reply climate change
Draw, repeatedly propose the greenhouse gas emission in following 5 to 15 years and control target and required comprehensive
Counter-measure.A few days ago, China have submitted to the UNFCCC Secretariat in July, 2015
Reply climate change country independently contributes file, and " strengthening reply climate change action China national is autonomous
Contribution ", it is proposed that CO2Reach peak value and strive for reaching as early as possible peak about discharge the year two thousand thirty, unit domestic production
Total value CO2Discharge is than the overall goal declining 60%-65% for 2005.In order to reach above-mentioned target, should
File gives policy and the measure of China's reply climate change action, 10th article therein " strengthening science and technology
Support " in just refer to " strengthen energy-saving and cost-reducing, regenerative resource and advanced nuclear energy, carbon trapping are utilized and
Research and development and the production demonstration of low-carbon technology such as seal up for safekeeping " measure.
From above-mentioned background it can be seen that carbon trapping utilization is to realize CO2An important channel of reduction of discharging, when
Front a kind of extensive emission-reduction technology mainly passes through CO2It is compressed to 10 to 15MPa then carry with pipeline
Seal up for safekeeping to deep-sea, but this technology is problematic in that in terms of cost, efficiency and energy consumption.
Thus, current CO2Emission-reduction technology still has to be strengthened.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solve one of technical problem present in prior art.To this end, the one of the present invention
Individual purpose is to propose a kind of low cost, efficiency height, and the CO of less energy consumption2Reduction of discharging utilizes means.
Inventor finds through long-term theoretical research and experimental exploring: preferably CO2Discharge-reducing method be by
CO2Direct Resolution is C, CO and O2, such as: Tokyo polytechnical university uses oxygen vacancy ferrite straight
Meet decomposition CO2, somebody passes through plasma to CO2Carry out Direct Resolution.But, these are used for decomposing
CO2Energy cost high, demand big, after industrial production, cost is the highest.On the other hand, inventor
Thinking, nuclear energy is the clean energy resource that a kind of current modern society is indispensable, but can produce certain height simultaneously
Put refuse, ionising radiation can be discharged always；In addition the various isotope radioactive sources that industrial irradiation is used,
Discharging ionising radiation when it does not works the most always.These energy ionizing radiation reality are wasted always,
If able to make full use of device or the material of these release ionising radiations, it is achieved one utilizes ionising radiation to enter
Row CO2Decomposition technique, the not only CO to China2Emission control has very important meaning, and can give birth to
Become industrial CO and O having value2, it may have certain economic worth.If it is useless that height can be used to put
Thing or waste and old isotopic source as radiation source, then can reach the effect of killing three birds with one stone.Thus, inventor
Creatively propose and utilize radiation source by CO2The method carrying out ionising radiation decomposition.
And then, in a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of decomposition CO2Method.According to this
Inventive embodiment, the method includes: by CO2It is placed in radiation source radiation scope, in order to utilize ionization spoke
Penetrate described CO2It is decomposed into CO and O2。
It is surprisingly found by the inventors that, utilize the decomposition CO of the present invention2Method, it is possible to be effectively realized CO2
Decompose, obtain industrial CO and O having value2, and, take full advantage of release ionising radiation
Device or material (i.e. radiation source), it is achieved that refuse reclamation, be equivalent to zero energy consumption, low cost and efficiency is high.
According to embodiments of the invention, described radiation source is radioactive device or radioactive material.
According to embodiments of the invention, described radiation source is selected from reactor, accelerator, isotopic source and height
Put at least one of refuse.Thereby, it is possible to realize refuse reclamation, be equivalent to produce zero energy consumption.
According to embodiments of the invention, described CO2It is with CO2There is provided with the form of the mixture of suppression gas
's.
According to embodiments of the invention, described CO2With at least one form selected from solid-state, gaseous state or liquid
There is provided.
According to embodiments of the invention, described suppression gas is selected from NO2, air, SO2And N2O is extremely
Few one.
According to embodiments of the invention, said method comprising the steps of: will be by CO2With suppression gas composition
The first admixture of gas be placed in radiation source radiation scope, in order to utilize ionising radiation decompose CO2, it is thus achieved that
Second admixture of gas, described second admixture of gas comprises CO, O2, residue CO2With residue suppression gas
Body；Described second admixture of gas is carried out liquefaction process, in order to obtain liquid mixture and the 3rd gas respectively
Body mixture, described liquid mixture is by described residue CO2With described residue suppression gas composition, described the
Three admixture of gas are by CO and O2Composition；Collect the 3rd admixture of gas, separate CO and O therein2,
And collect respectively；And collection liquid mixture, come back for ionising radiation and decompose.Thus, ionising radiation
Decomposition efficiency is high, CO2Decompose fully.
According to embodiments of the invention, the volume % Han 0.5-1.5 in described first admixture of gas, preferably 1 body
The suppression gas of long-pending %.Thus, decomposition reaction is abundant.
According to embodiments of the invention, described first admixture of gas first passes through pressurized treatments in advance.Thus, electricity
Good from effect of radiolysis.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of for decomposing CO2System.According to this
Bright embodiment, this system includes: radiation appliance, and described radiation appliance includes: shell and be arranged on described
Radiation source in shell, described radiation source is for the CO being pointed in described radiation source radiation scope2Carry out electricity
From radiation, in order to obtain the second admixture of gas, wherein, described CO2It is with by CO2With suppression gas group
The form of the first admixture of gas become provides, and described second admixture of gas comprises CO, O2, residue CO2
With residue suppression gas；Liquefying device, described liquefying device is connected with described radiation appliance, and
For the second admixture of gas from described radiation appliance is carried out liquefaction process, in order to obtain liquid respectively
Mixture and the 3rd admixture of gas, described liquid mixture is by described residue CO2With described residue suppression gas
Body forms, and described 3rd admixture of gas is by CO and O2Composition；And separator, described separator
It is connected with described liquefying device, and for described 3rd gas from described liquefying device is mixed
Compound separates, in order to obtain CO and O respectively2。
According to embodiments of the invention, utilize the system of the present invention can be effectively realized CO2Decompose, obtain
Industrial CO and O having value2, and, take full advantage of device or the material of release ionising radiation
(i.e. radiation source), it is achieved that refuse reclamation, is equivalent to zero energy consumption, low cost and efficiency is high.
According to embodiments of the invention, described CO2With at least one form selected from solid-state, gaseous state or liquid
There is provided.
According to embodiments of the invention, described suppression gas is selected from NO2, air, SO2And N2O is extremely
Few one.
According to embodiments of the invention, the volume % Han 0.5-1.5 in described first admixture of gas, preferably 1 body
The suppression gas of long-pending %.Thus, CO2Decomposition reaction is abundant.
According to embodiments of the invention, described first admixture of gas first passes through pressurized treatments in advance.Thus, electricity
Good from effect of radiolysis.
According to embodiments of the invention, being used for of the present invention decomposes CO2System also include: CO2Conveying dress
Put and liquid mixture conveying device, described CO2Conveying device is connected with the import of described radiation appliance and uses
In providing CO to described radiation appliance2, described liquid mixture conveying device and described liquefying device phase
Connect and for described liquid mixture is delivered to described CO2Conveying device.Thus, reaction can be made full use of
Accessory substance, reduces industrial pollution, it is achieved circular response, and reduces production cost.
According to embodiments of the invention, described liquefying device is suitable for use with liquid nitrogen and mixes described second gas
Compound carries out liquefaction process.Thus, liquefy high treating effect, low cost.
According to embodiments of the invention, described radiation source is positioned at the center of described housing, and described CO2
The outlet of conveying device is the most right with described radiation source.Thus, ionising radiation discomposing effect is good.
According to embodiments of the invention, described CO2Between conveying device and described radiation appliance and described
Between radiation appliance and described liquefying device, it is provided with on-off valve.Thereby, it is possible to control anti-flexibly
The carrying out answered.
According to embodiments of the invention, described radiation source is radioactive device or radioactive material.
According to embodiments of the invention, described radiation source is selected from reactor, accelerator, isotopic source and height
Put at least one of refuse.Thereby, it is possible to realize refuse reclamation, be equivalent to produce zero energy consumption.
Further, based on the decomposition CO utilizing the present invention2Method and system all can effectively decompose CO2,
Obtain CO and O2, inventor finds, needs to carry out CO2Decompose and (such as purify air, process containing CO2
Industrial gasses, air in nuclear power product updates and fuel generates), or need to obtain CO and O2
(i.e. producing oxygen and CO), or when needing radiation energy is recycled, all can use the present invention
Decomposition CO2Method and system realize.
Thus, in a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes foregoing decomposition CO2Method or
For decomposing CO2System, in air cleaning, containing CO2Industrial gasses process, in nuclear power product
Air updates the purposes obtained or in radiation energy utilization with fuel generation, oxygen and CO.Thus, no
It is only capable of and realizes each specific purposes, additionally it is possible to make full use of radiation source, it is achieved refuse reclamation, be equivalent to zero
Energy consumption such that it is able to reduce processing cost, it is achieved environmentally friendly production, benefit the nation and the people.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part be given in the following description, and part will be retouched from following
Become obvious in stating, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from combining the accompanying drawings below description to embodiment
Will be apparent from easy to understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows and decomposes CO according to an embodiment of the invention2The schematic flow sheet of method；
Fig. 2 shows according to an embodiment of the invention for decomposing CO2The structural representation of system；
Fig. 3 shows according to an embodiment of the invention for decomposing CO2The structural representation of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein certainly
Begin to same or similar label eventually represent same or similar element or there is the unit of same or like function
Part.The embodiment described below with reference to accompanying drawing is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and can not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In describing the invention, term " longitudinally ", " laterally ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", " left ",
Orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " right " they are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, merely to
It is easy to describe the present invention rather than require that therefore the present invention can not must manage with specific azimuth configuration and operation
Solve as limitation of the present invention.
In a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of decomposition CO2Method.Inventor is in surprise
Find, utilize the decomposition CO of the present invention2Method, it is possible to be effectively realized CO2Decompose, obtain industrial
There is CO and O of value2, and, take full advantage of device or material (the i.e. spoke of release ionising radiation
Penetrate source), it is achieved that refuse reclamation, be equivalent to zero energy consumption, low cost and efficiency is high.
According to embodiments of the invention, the method mainly by producing device and the material of ionising radiation,
If reactor, accelerator, isotopic source and high-level waste etc. are to CO2Gas is irradiated, by ionization spoke
Radion and CO2The collision of molecule is by CO2Decompose, generate industrial CO and O having value2, and
By adding a certain amount of suppression gas suppression CO and O2Again reaction generates CO2。
Specifically, according to embodiments of the invention, the decomposition CO of the present invention2Method include: by CO2Put
In radiation source radiation scope, in order to utilize ionising radiation by described CO2It is decomposed into CO and O2。
According to embodiments of the invention, described radiation source is radioactive device or radioactive material.
According to embodiments of the invention, described radiation source is selected from reactor, accelerator, isotopic source and height
Put at least one of refuse.Thereby, it is possible to realize refuse reclamation, be equivalent to produce zero energy consumption.
According to embodiments of the invention, described CO2It is with CO2There is provided with the form of the mixture of suppression gas
's.
According to embodiments of the invention, described CO2With at least one form selected from solid-state, gaseous state or liquid
There is provided.
According to embodiments of the invention, described suppression gas is selected from NO2, air, SO2And N2O is extremely
Few one.
According to embodiments of the invention, said method comprising the steps of: will be by CO2With suppression gas composition
The first admixture of gas be placed in radiation source radiation scope, in order to utilize ionising radiation decompose CO2, it is thus achieved that
Second admixture of gas, described second admixture of gas comprises CO, O2, residue CO2With residue suppression gas
Body；Described second admixture of gas is carried out liquefaction process, in order to obtain liquid mixture and the 3rd gas respectively
Body mixture, described liquid mixture is by described residue CO2With described residue suppression gas composition, described the
Three admixture of gas are by CO and O2Composition；Collect the 3rd admixture of gas, separate CO and O therein2,
And collect respectively；And collection liquid mixture, come back for ionising radiation and decompose.Thus, ionising radiation
Decomposition efficiency is high, CO2Decompose fully.
According to embodiments of the invention, the volume % Han 0.5-1.5 in described first admixture of gas, preferably 1 body
The suppression gas of long-pending %.Thus, decomposition reaction is abundant.
According to embodiments of the invention, described first admixture of gas first passes through pressurized treatments in advance.Thus, electricity
Good from effect of radiolysis.
According to some concrete examples of the present invention, with reference to Fig. 1, the decomposition CO of the present invention2The flow process of method
May include that
(1) CO is arranged at radioactive device or surrounding materials2The reacting pipe passed through or container；
(2) by CO2Gas and 1% suppression gas (such as NO2, air, SO2、N2O etc., after with
NO2As a example by) pressurization after be filled with reacting pipe or container；
(3) radioactive device or material is used (to include that reactor, accelerator, isotopic source and height are put useless
Thing etc.) to the CO after compression2And NO2Mixed gas carries out the irradiation of a period of time；
(4) mixed gas after irradiating is discharged, and then carries out pressurized liquefied, remaining cannot compress
Gas is CO and O2Mixed gas；
(5) by CO and O2Mixed gas is discharged, and uses separator to separate and collect；
(6) by remaining liquid CO2And NO2Mixed gas re-fills reacting pipe or container, and mends
Fill new CO2Gas carries out irradiation again, and repeats step 3-5, generates CO and O2Mixed gas.
It addition, in order to increase conversion efficiency, the CO2 of input can also be with liquid or solid-state (dry ice)
Form exists, and carries out irradiation conversion by the mode such as pile or pipeline around radiation source.
And then, in a second aspect of the present invention, the invention allows for a kind of for decomposing CO2System.
According to embodiments of the invention, utilize the system of the present invention can be effectively realized CO2Decompose, obtain industry
On have CO and O of value2, and, take full advantage of the release device of ionising radiation or material (i.e.
Radiation source), it is achieved that refuse reclamation, be equivalent to zero energy consumption, low cost and efficiency is high.
Specifically, according to embodiments of the invention, with reference to Fig. 2, this system 1000 may include that radiation dress
Put 100, liquefying device 200 and separator 300.
According to the concrete example of the present invention, radiation appliance 100 includes: shell 101 and be arranged on shell 101
Interior radiation source 102, radiation source 102 is for the CO being pointed in described radiation source 102 radiation scope2Enter
Row ionising radiation, in order to obtain the second admixture of gas, wherein, described CO2It is with by CO2With suppression gas
The form of the first admixture of gas of body composition provides, and described second admixture of gas comprises CO, O2, surplus
Remaining CO2With residue suppression gas.
According to embodiments of the invention, described radiation source 102 is radioactive device or radioactive material.According to
Some currently preferred embodiments of the present invention, described radiation source 102 is selected from reactor, accelerator, isotopic source
With at least one of high-level waste.Thereby, it is possible to realize refuse reclamation, be equivalent to produce zero energy consumption.
According to embodiments of the invention, described CO2With at least one form selected from solid-state, gaseous state or liquid
There is provided.According to embodiments of the invention, described suppression gas is selected from NO2, air, SO2And N2O's
At least one.
According to embodiments of the invention, the volume % Han 0.5-1.5 in described first admixture of gas, preferably 1 body
The suppression gas of long-pending %.Thus, CO2Decomposition reaction is abundant.
According to embodiments of the invention, described first admixture of gas first passes through pressurized treatments in advance.Thus, electricity
Good from effect of radiolysis.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as in figure 2 it is shown, liquefying device 200 and radiation appliance 100
It is connected, and for the second admixture of gas from radiation appliance 100 is carried out liquefaction process, in order to respectively
Obtaining liquid mixture and the 3rd admixture of gas, described liquid mixture is by described residue CO2Surplus with described
Remaining suppression gas composition, described 3rd admixture of gas is by CO and O2Composition.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as in figure 2 it is shown, separator 300 and liquefying device 200
It is connected, and for described 3rd admixture of gas from liquefying device 200 is separated, in order to
Obtain CO and O respectively2。
According to embodiments of the invention, as in figure 2 it is shown, the present invention be used for decompose CO2System also include:
CO2Conveying device 400 and liquid mixture conveying device 500, described CO2Conveying device 400 is with described
The import of radiation appliance 100 is connected and for providing CO to described radiation appliance 1002, described liquid mixes
Thing conveying device 500 is connected with described liquefying device 200 and for being delivered to by described liquid mixture
Described CO2Conveying device 400.Thus, byproduct of reaction can be made full use of, reduce industrial pollution, it is achieved
Circular response, and reduce production cost.
According to embodiments of the invention, described liquefying device 200 is suitable for use with liquid nitrogen to described second gas
Body mixture carries out liquefaction process.Thus, liquefy high treating effect, low cost.
According to embodiments of the invention, described radiation source 102 is positioned at the center of described housing, and institute
State CO2The outlet of conveying device 400 is the most right with described radiation source 102.Thus, ionising radiation discomposing effect
Good.
According to embodiments of the invention, as in figure 2 it is shown, described CO2Conveying device 400 and described radiation dress
Put and between 100, be provided with on-off valve 600, described radiation appliance 100 and described liquefying device 200 it
Between be provided with on-off valve 700.Thereby, it is possible to control the carrying out of reaction flexibly.
According to some concrete examples of the present invention, with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the decomposition CO of the present invention2System
Structure and implementation as follows:
(1) around radioactive device or material (i.e. radiation source 102), CO is arranged2The reacting pipe passed through
Or container, reacting pipe and container can use silica refractory to make；Can also be directly by radioactivity material
Material (such as isotopic source) is placed on reaction vessel interior, and now reaction vessel can be used directly pig etc. and can shield
Cover the container of ionising radiation；
(2) reacting pipe or container are divided into three parts, including: entrance (includes CO2Conveying device
400), conversion zone (includes radiation appliance 100), and outlet section (includes liquefying device 200 and separates dress
Put 300), volume ratio is 1:1:1), entrance and outlet section at reacting pipe are respectively provided with on-off valve,
Outlet section is made to be immersed in liquid nitrogen；
(3) by whole reacting pipe or container vacuum-pumping；
(4) close outlet section on-off valve, be filled with CO at entrance2Gas and the NO of 1%2Gas is also carried out
Compression is entrance and conversion zone reaches certain atmospheric pressure (the highest 50atm needs to use reacting pipe
Or the gas in container keeps gaseous state)；
(5) it is then shut off entrance on-off valve, starts to irradiate conversion zone；
(6), after irradiating certain time, open outlet section, gas is compressed into outlet section from conversion zone, when
When conversion zone reaches vacuum state, close outlet section；Owing to outlet section soaks in liquid nitrogen, (liquid nitrogen temperature is
77K, i.e.-195.8 DEG C), the therefore CO in outlet section2And NO2Gas all can become liquid, and irradiation
CO and O generated2Also keep gaseous state；
(7) then open entrance on-off valve and be again filled with CO to entrance2And NO2Mixed gas
And be compressed, reach certain atmospheric pressure (the highest 50atm), turn off entrance on-off valve to reaction
Section is irradiated；
(8) outlet section contains a separator 300, can be by irradiation CO and O2Separate and draw respectively
Going out, CO can use as fuel, O2Can be for breathing.
(9) after outlet section reaches vacuum state again, by the liquid CO in outlet section2And NO2Again
After gasification by liquid mixture conveying device 500 be filled with entrance and be delivered to radiation appliance 100 repeat into
Row irradiation decomposes.
Furthermore, it is necessary to explanation, the present invention and conventional CO2The difference of decomposition technique at least that:
The present invention utilizes Ionizing Radiation to carry out, and the main body radiation source 102 of this technology (includes reactor, coordination
Element source and high-level waste etc.), in its duty and off working state (or storing state) be all
Ionising radiation such as gamma-rays, alpha ray, β ray etc. can be discharged for a long time.As it was previously stated, utilize radiation
Source 102 is to CO2Carrying out ionising radiation decomposition, beneficial effect is notable.
With 1 × 106The industrial irradiation level of Curie60As a example by Co source, exposure rate constant is 1.32R.m2/ h/Ci,
If being full of CO in the ball that radius is 0.1 meter comprising this source2Gas, then the average shot in the range of being somebody's turn to do
Dose rate is 3.96 × 108R/h, being converted into close rate is 3.441 × 106(1R is equal to 8.69 × 10 to Gy/h-3
Gy), equal to 2.148 × 1025EV/kg/h, owing to every 34eV energy can produce an ion pair, each
Ion pair can decompose 3 to 3.5 CO2Molecule (G value is 9 to 9.5), then can decompose CO2?
Number is 1.90 × 1024/ kg/h, is converted into decomposable asymmetric choice net CO nominally2Gaseous mass ratio is then
0.1389/h, i.e. CO2Decomposition ratio be 13.89%/h, if CO2Gas pressure intensity becomes 50atm, then
CO2Decomposition constant rate, but the CO in unit volume2Decompose absolute magnitude and can increase by 50 times.Or with
As a example by the passive reactor of AP1000 million kilowatt, its thermal power is 3400MWt, reactor fuel total amount
For 96t, if the γ of release radiates about 1/10th, then the average gamma dose rate of heap in-core is 1.27 × 107
Gy/h, then decomposable asymmetric choice net CO2Gas ratio is 51.32%/h.
Further, based on the decomposition CO utilizing the present invention2Method and system all can effectively decompose CO2,
Obtain CO and O2, inventor finds, needs to carry out CO2Decompose and (such as purify air, process containing CO2
Industrial gasses, air in nuclear power product updates and fuel generates), or need to obtain CO and O2
(i.e. producing oxygen and CO), or when needing radiation energy is recycled, all can use the present invention
Decomposition CO2Method and system realize.Namely the present invention is except can be with large-scale application CO in air2
Reduction of discharging, with reduce greenhouse effects and realize carbon trapping utilize beyond, it is also possible to be applied to nuclear-powered submarine,
Excessive CO in the equipment of the closed environments such as nuclear spacecraft2Removal and air update on, its core move
The CO using this technology to realize is disposed around power source2Reforming unit, it is possible to achieve O2Regeneration and generation CO
As the function of fuel, ensure normal work and the life of internal staff.Additionally, due to martian atmosphere 95%
By CO2Composition, therefore the present invention can be applied in utilizing Mars when the following mankind set up base on Mars
The CO of upper abundance2O is provided for base2。
Thus, in a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes foregoing decomposition CO2Method or
For decomposing CO2System, in air cleaning, containing CO2Industrial gasses process, in nuclear power product
Air updates the purposes obtained or in radiation energy utilization with fuel generation, oxygen and CO.Thus, no
It is only capable of and realizes each specific purposes, additionally it is possible to make full use of radiation source 102, it is achieved refuse reclamation, quite
In zero energy consumption such that it is able to reduce processing cost, it is achieved environmentally friendly production, benefit the nation and the people.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the solution of the present invention is explained.It will be understood to those of skill in the art that
The following examples are merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.In embodiment not
Indicate concrete technology or condition, carry out according to the technology described by the document in this area or condition.Used
Reagent or instrument unreceipted production firm person, be can by city available from conventional products.
The following examples employ isotopic source as ionized radiation source 102, and other uses reactor, height
The principle putting refuse and accelerator is similar with this device, and this embodiment is only the clearly explanation present invention and is made
Citing, and not restriction to embodiment.To those skilled in the art, the basis of described above
On can also do the change of the aspects such as radiation source 102, reacting pipe and container, pose pattern, form of irradiation
Or variation, the obvious change thus amplified out or variation are still in protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, utilize the decomposition CO of the present invention2System decomposition CO2, specific as follows:
(1) around radioactive device or material (i.e. radiation source 102), CO is arranged2The reacting pipe passed through
Or container, reacting pipe and container can use silica refractory to make；Can also be directly by radioactivity material
Material (such as isotopic source) is placed on reaction vessel interior, and now reaction vessel can be used directly pig etc. and can shield
Cover the container of ionising radiation；
(2) reacting pipe or container are divided into three parts, including: entrance (includes CO2Conveying device
400), conversion zone (includes radiation appliance 100), and outlet section (includes liquefying device 200 and separates dress
Put 300), volume ratio is 1:1:1), entrance and outlet section at reacting pipe are respectively provided with on-off valve,
Outlet section is made to be immersed in liquid nitrogen；
(3) by whole reacting pipe or container vacuum-pumping；
(4) close outlet section on-off valve, be filled with CO at entrance2Gas and the NO of 1%2Gas is also carried out
Compression is entrance and conversion zone reaches certain atmospheric pressure (the highest 50atm needs to use reacting pipe
Or the gas in container keeps gaseous state)；
(5) it is then shut off entrance on-off valve, starts to irradiate conversion zone；
(6), after irradiating certain time, open outlet section, gas is compressed into outlet section from conversion zone, when
When conversion zone reaches vacuum state, close outlet section；Owing to outlet section soaks in liquid nitrogen, (liquid nitrogen temperature is
77K, i.e. 195.8 DEG C), the therefore CO in outlet section2And NO2Gas all can become liquid, and irradiation
CO and O generated2Also keep gaseous state；
(7) then open entrance on-off valve and be again filled with CO to entrance2And NO2Mixed gas
And be compressed, reach certain atmospheric pressure (the highest 50atm), turn off entrance on-off valve to reaction
Section is irradiated；
(8) outlet section contains a separator 300, can be by irradiation CO and O2Separate and draw respectively
Going out, CO can use as fuel, O2Can be for breathing.
(9) after outlet section reaches vacuum state again, by the liquid CO in outlet section2And NO2Again
After gasification by liquid mixture conveying device 500 be filled with entrance and be delivered to radiation appliance 100 repeat into
Row irradiation decomposes.
With 1 × 106The industrial irradiation level of Curie60As a example by Co source, exposure rate constant is 1.32R.m2/ h/Ci,
If being full of CO in the ball that radius is 0.1 meter comprising this source2Gas, then the average shot in the range of being somebody's turn to do
Dose rate is 3.96 × 108R/h, being converted into close rate is 3.441 × 106(1R is equal to 8.69 × 10 to Gy/h-3
Gy), equal to 2.148 × 1025EV/kg/h, owing to every 34eV energy can produce an ion pair, each
Ion pair can decompose 3 to 3.5 CO2Molecule (G value is 9 to 9.5), then can decompose CO2?
Number is 1.90 × 1024/ kg/h, is converted into decomposable asymmetric choice net CO nominally2Gaseous mass ratio is then
0.1389/h, i.e. CO2Decomposition ratio be 13.89%/h, if CO2Gas pressure intensity becomes 50atm, then
CO2Decomposition constant rate, but the CO in unit volume2Decompose absolute magnitude and can increase by 50 times.Or with
As a example by the passive reactor of AP1000 million kilowatt, its thermal power is 3400MWt, reactor fuel total amount
For 96t, if the γ of release radiates about 1/10th, then the average gamma dose rate of heap in-core is 1.27 × 107
Gy/h, then decomposable asymmetric choice net CO2Gas ratio is 51.32%/h.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ",
The description of " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to combine the concrete spy of this embodiment or example description
Levy, structure, material or feature are contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this explanation
In book, the schematic representation of above-mentioned term is not necessarily referring to identical embodiment or example.And, retouch
Specific features, structure, material or the feature stated can be in any one or more embodiments or example
Combine in an appropriate manner.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that:
These embodiments can be carried out in the case of without departing from the principle of the present invention and objective multiple change, amendment,
Replacing and modification, the scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is decomposed CO2Method, it is characterised in that including:
By CO2It is placed in radiation source radiation scope, in order to utilize ionising radiation by described CO2It is decomposed into CO
And O2。
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described radiation source be radioactive device or
Radioactive material.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described radiation source be selected from reactor,
At least one of accelerator, isotopic source and high-level waste.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described CO2It is with CO2And suppression
The form of the mixture of gas provides,
Optionally, described CO2There is provided with at least one form selected from solid-state, gaseous state or liquid,
Optionally, described suppression gas is selected from NO2, air, SO2And N2At least one of O.
Method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that said method comprising the steps of:
Will be by CO2It is placed in radiation source radiation scope with the first admixture of gas of suppression gas composition, in order to
Ionising radiation is utilized to decompose CO2, it is thus achieved that the second admixture of gas, described second admixture of gas comprise CO,
O2, residue CO2With residue suppression gas；
Described second admixture of gas is carried out liquefaction process, in order to obtain liquid mixture and the 3rd gas respectively
Body mixture, described liquid mixture is by described residue CO2With described residue suppression gas composition, described the
Three admixture of gas are by CO and O2Composition；
Collect the 3rd admixture of gas, separate CO and O therein2, and collect respectively；And
Collect liquid mixture, come back for ionising radiation and decompose,
Optionally, the volume % Han 0.5-1.5 in described first admixture of gas, the suppression gas of preferably 1 volume %
Body,
Optionally, described first admixture of gas first passes through pressurized treatments in advance.
6. one kind is used for decomposing CO2System, it is characterised in that including:
Radiation appliance, described radiation appliance includes: shell and the radiation source being arranged in described shell, described
Radiation source is for the CO being pointed in described radiation source radiation scope2Carry out ionising radiation, in order to obtain second
Admixture of gas, wherein, described CO2It is with by CO2With the first admixture of gas suppressing gas to form
Form provides, and described second admixture of gas comprises CO, O2, residue CO2With residue suppression gas；
Liquefying device, described liquefying device is connected with described radiation appliance, and for from institute
The second admixture of gas stating radiation appliance carries out liquefaction process, in order to obtain liquid mixture and the 3rd respectively
Admixture of gas, described liquid mixture is by described residue CO2Form with described residue suppression gas, described
3rd admixture of gas is by CO and O2Composition；And
Separator, described separator is connected with described liquefying device, and for from described liquid
Described 3rd admixture of gas changing processing means separates, in order to obtain CO and O respectively2。
The most according to claim 6 for decomposing CO2System, it is characterised in that described CO2
There is provided with at least one form selected from solid-state, gaseous state or liquid,
Optionally, described suppression gas is selected from NO2, air, SO2And N2At least one of O,
Optionally, the volume % Han 0.5-1.5 in described first admixture of gas, the suppression gas of preferably 1 volume %
Body,
Optionally, described first admixture of gas first passes through pressurized treatments in advance.
The most according to claim 6 for decomposing CO2System, it is characterised in that also include:
CO2Conveying device and liquid mixture conveying device, described CO2Conveying device is entered with described radiation appliance
Mouth is connected and for providing CO to described radiation appliance2, described liquid mixture conveying device and described liquefaction
Processing means is connected and for described liquid mixture is delivered to described CO2Conveying device,
Optionally, described liquefying device is suitable for use with liquid nitrogen and liquefies described second admixture of gas
Process,
Optionally, described radiation source is positioned at the center of described housing, and described CO2Conveying device
It is the most right with described radiation source to export,
Optionally, described CO2Between conveying device and described radiation appliance, and described radiation appliance and institute
State between liquefying device, be provided with on-off valve.
The most according to claim 6 for decomposing CO2System, it is characterised in that described radiation
Source is radioactive device or radioactive material,
Optionally, described radiation source is selected from reactor, accelerator, isotopic source and high-level waste at least
A kind of.
10. the decomposition CO described in any one of claim 1-52Method or any one of claim 6-9 institute
State for decomposing CO2System, in air cleaning, containing CO2Industrial gasses process, nuclear power product
Interior air updates and fuel generates, O2Purposes in utilizing with CO acquisition or radiation energy.
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| CN108190842A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-06-22 | 山东大学 | The device and method that martian surface generates oxygen |
| CN108264022A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 黄肖辉 | It is a kind of by carbon dioxide transitions be oxygen conversion agent |
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| CN105050679A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2015-11-11 | 密苏里大学管委会 | Radiolytic electrochemical generator |
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| CN105050679A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2015-11-11 | 密苏里大学管委会 | Radiolytic electrochemical generator |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108264022A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 黄肖辉 | It is a kind of by carbon dioxide transitions be oxygen conversion agent |
| CN108190842A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-06-22 | 山东大学 | The device and method that martian surface generates oxygen |
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