CN105902622A - 用于治疗五步蛇咬伤的药物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种用于治疗五步蛇咬伤的药物,涉及中药配方技术领域,它包括山半边莲5‑8份,山扁豆1‑2份,六棱菊1‑2份,车前草1‑2份,黄芩1‑2份,甘草1‑2份,与现有技术相比,本发明提供的中药药物,对中蛇毒的患者具有优异的疗效,效果明显,能有效的缓解五步蛇蛇毒对神经和身体的影响和刺激,患者服用安全无毒副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药配方技术领域,尤其是一种用于治疗五步蛇咬伤的药物。
背景技术
五步蛇,即尖吻蝮(学名:Deinagkistrodon),是蛇亚目蝰蛇科蝮亚科下的一个有毒单型蛇,属下尖吻蝮的幼蛇只有尖吻蝮(D.acutus)一个品种。尖吻蝮又称百步蛇、五步蛇、七步蛇、蕲蛇、山谷虌、百花蛇、中华蝮等,是亚洲地区内相当著名的蛇种,尤其在台湾及华南一带更是自古已备受重视的蛇类。
尖吻蝮其中一个为人熟知的名字是“百步蛇”,意指人类只要曾被尖吻蝮所咬,脚下踏出一百步内必然会毒发身亡,以显示尖吻蝮的咬击实在奇毒无比;有些地方更称尖吻蝮为“五步蛇”,进一步夸大其毒素的威力。该蛇种的毒液的单位上的毒性(对小白鼠之LD50值)并不强烈,但并不妨碍该蛇种在事实上具有较大的危险性(此蛇毒性大于眼镜蛇,在湖南辰溪石碧乡一带被此蛇咬伤者基本都死亡了,而被眼镜蛇咬伤者基本都能救活)。根据调查资料显示,由尖吻蝮的咬击所导致的危险事件甚至死亡事件,至少在中国大陆地区确实是较为常见的。这一方面是由于该蛇种个体较大,性格凶猛,毒牙较长,咬伤的情形较为严重,一方面也由于该蛇属于排毒量较大的蛇种。台湾地区就有专门对抗尖吻蝮毒素的有效血清。根据美军报告指出,尖吻蝮的毒素是以蛋白质构成的溶血毒素,而这种毒素更是强烈出血性的(受害者会出现伤口疼痛及出血的即时现象,继而会肿大、起泡、组织坏疽以及溃疡,随后更会感到晕眩及心跳加速。),同时,尖吻蝮蛇攻击性极强,而且头部可大幅度旋转。
被五步蛇咬伤后的临床表现为:血循毒表现:尖吻蝮等咬伤后,主要表现为出血不止,一般压迫包扎无法止血,可引起全身广泛出血。
因此,研制出能针对五步蛇咬伤的药物是志在必行的。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的问题是提供一种能有效缓解和用于治疗五步蛇咬伤的药物。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案是:包括如下重量份的原料:
半边莲5-8份,山扁豆1-2份,六棱菊1-2份,车前草1-2份,黄芩1-2份,甘草1-2份。
上述技术方案中,更具体的方案还可以是:
将所述新鲜半边莲捣碎,取汁液;将所述山扁豆、六棱菊、车前草、黄芩和甘草放入砂钵内加温水开火煮沸,倒入半边莲汁液,继续保温煮沸,关火,冷却,滤出滤液。
本发明所述的半边莲,学名:Lobelia chinensis Lour.,别名:瓜仁草,急解索,细米草,多年生草本。成分:含多种生物碱,主要为:山梗菜碱 (lobeline)、山梗菜酮碱 (lobelanine)、异山梗菜酮碱 (isolobelanine)、山梗菜醇碱 (lobelanidine)。功效:有凉血解毒、利尿消肿之功效,民间用以治疗晚期血吸虫腹水、肝炎水肿、肝硬化腹水、肾炎水肿、毒蛇咬伤、气管炎、腮腺炎以及跌打损伤。
本发明所述的山扁豆,为豆科决明属植物含羞草决明Cassia mimosoides L.,以全草入药。夏、秋采收,洗净晒干。一年生或多年生半灌木状草本,高30~45厘米。茎细瘦,多分枝,被短柔毛。双数羽状复叶互生。夏季于叶腋开花,单生或数朵排成短总状花序,花瓣5,黄色。荚果扁平微弯,稍似扁豆,因而得名,内有种子约20粒。甘、微苦,平。清热解毒,利尿,通便。用于肾炎水肿,口渴,咳嗽痰多,习惯性便秘,毒蛇咬伤。
本发明所述的六棱菊,拉丁学名Laggera alata (D. Don) Sch. -Bip. ex
Oliv. 别称百草王、六耳铃、四棱锋、六达草、四方艾, 属六棱菊属,全草:清热解毒,散瘀消肿,祛风利湿,用于感冒咳嗽,气管炎,肺炎,口腔炎,胃寒气痛,活血 解毒。用于风湿关节炎,闭经,肾炎水肿;外用治痈疖肿毒,跌打损伤,烧烫伤,毒蛇咬伤,皮肤湿疹;根:调气补虚,清热解表,用于妇女虚劳,闭经,风热感冒。六棱菊化学成分为全草含挥发油,鲜叶出油率0.4%。全草显生物碱、皂苷、黄酮苷、糖类的反应。
本发明所述的车前草,即平车前,学名Plantago depressa Willd.,俗称车前草。一年生或二年生草本。车前草为车前草科植物车前及平车前的全株,味甘,性寒。具有利尿、清热、明目、祛痰的功效。主治小便不通、淋浊、带下、尿血、黄疸、水肿、热痢、泄泻、鼻衄、目赤肿痛、喉痹、咳嗽、皮肤溃疡等。
由于采用上述技术方案,本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:
本发明提供的中药药物,对中蛇毒的患者具有优异的疗效,效果明显,能有效的缓解五步蛇蛇毒对神经和身体的影响和刺激,患者服用安全无毒副作用。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实例对本发明作进一步详述:
实施例1:
本实施例所需要的中药原料及质量如下:
半边莲5份,山扁豆2份,六棱菊1.5份,车前草1份,黄芩1份,甘草2份;
其制备方法如下:
先将新鲜半边莲捣碎,取汁液,备用;然后将山扁豆、六棱菊、车前草、放入砂钵内加温水,水没过中药6厘米,浸泡10分钟;再使用强火烧至沸腾,倒入半边莲汁液,保持沸腾15分钟,然后改用文火,烧至10分钟,关火,滤出滤液,备用,再往滤渣中加入沸水,水没过滤渣3厘米,用强火烧至沸腾并保持10分钟,然后改用文火,烧至5分钟,关火,滤出滤液,合并两次滤液。
实施例2:
本实施例所需要的中药原料及质量如下:
半边莲7份,山扁豆1.5份,六棱菊2份,车前草1份,黄芩2份,甘草1.5份;
其制备方法如下:
先将新鲜半边莲捣碎,取汁液,备用;然后将山扁豆、六棱菊、车前草、放入砂钵内加温水,水没过中药6厘米,浸泡10分钟;再使用强火烧至沸腾,倒入半边莲汁液,保持沸腾15分钟,然后改用文火,烧至10分钟,关火,滤出滤液,备用,再往滤渣中加入沸水,水没过滤渣3厘米,用强火烧至沸腾并保持10分钟,然后改用文火,烧至5分钟,关火,滤出滤液,合并两次滤液。
实施例3:
本实施例所需要的中药原料及质量如下:
半边莲8份,山扁豆1份,六棱菊1份,车前草2份,黄芩1份,甘草1份;
其制备方法如下:
先将新鲜半边莲捣碎,取汁液,备用;然后将山扁豆、六棱菊、车前草、放入砂钵内加温水,水没过中药6厘米,浸泡10分钟;再使用强火烧至沸腾,倒入半边莲汁液,保持沸腾15分钟,然后改用文火,烧至10分钟,关火,滤出滤液,备用,再往滤渣中加入沸水,水没过滤渣3厘米,用强火烧至沸腾并保持10分钟,然后改用文火,烧至5分钟,关火,滤出滤液,合并两次滤液。
用法为:患者服用本实施例1或实施例2或实施例3制得的药水,一天三次,每次500ml;同时用药水搽涂伤口,每半小时搽一次,4-6天为一疗程。
临床统计资料
1、临床观察患者100例,其中男性60例,女性40例,年龄为20-65岁,上肢咬伤20例,下肢咬伤80例。
2、诊断标准:具有蛇咬伤史,蛇咬伤处具有不规则毒牙痕迹,患处红肿、热、痛明显,重者伴有胸闷、气喘、关节酸痛和血尿等全身中毒症状。
3、治疗方法:患者服用本实施例3制得的药水,一天三次,每次500ml;同时用药水搽涂伤口,每半小时搽一次,4-6天为一疗程。
4、治疗标准:局部症状及全身症状消失为痊愈。
5、疗效观察:轻度患者85例,均二天内痊愈,重症患者15例,6天内95人痊愈,治愈率为95%。
Claims (2)
1.一种用于治疗五步蛇咬伤的药物,其特征在于包括如下重量份的原料:
半边莲5-8份,山扁豆1-2份,六棱菊1-2份,车前草1-2份,黄芩1-2份,甘草1-2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于治疗五步蛇咬伤的药物,其特征在于:将所述新鲜半边莲捣碎,取汁液;将所述山扁豆、六棱菊、车前草、黄芩和甘草放入砂钵内加温水开火煮沸,倒入半边莲汁液,继续保温煮沸,关火,冷却,滤出滤液。
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