CN105900128A - Method and device for controlling a power grid - Google Patents

Method and device for controlling a power grid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105900128A
CN105900128A CN201480072320.6A CN201480072320A CN105900128A CN 105900128 A CN105900128 A CN 105900128A CN 201480072320 A CN201480072320 A CN 201480072320A CN 105900128 A CN105900128 A CN 105900128A
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electrical network
network
point
information
hierarchy levels
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D·科普
K·斯托克尔
W·滕普尔
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06Energy or water supply
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B13/00Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
    • G05B13/02Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
    • G05B13/04Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
    • G05B13/041Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a variable is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/04Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Economics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Primary Health Care (AREA)
  • Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a device (100) comprising a receiver (101) adapted to receive information about a first part (110a) of a power grid (110) at a first hierarchic level of the power grid (110) and information about a second part (110b) of the power grid (110) at a second hierarchic level of the power grid (110), a processor (102), adapted to determine a first set point for controlling the first part (110a) of the power grid (110) and a second set point for controlling the second part (110b) of the power grid (110) depending on the received information, and a sender (103) adapted to send information about the set points. The invention concerns a respective method as well.

Description

For the method and apparatus controlling electrical network
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus for controlling electrical network.
Background technology
Electrical network is formed hierarchical structure, and it includes such as the private subnets of transmission and disttrbution network. Individual subnet is designed to operate with predetermined voltage level.Transmission system is such as in Europe and North America Operate with 220kV or 380kV and 735kV or 765kV respectively.Distribution network is such as Operate with the scope of 1kV-60kV and 1kV-72.5kV respectively in Europe and North America
Transmission and disttrbution circuit such as uses three-phase alternating current, the most also uses single phase ac.For very Distance or for seabed cable, also use direct current.The voltage levvl of individual subnet and frequecy characteristic Carried out mating thus transmitted with predetermined voltage or frequency or distribution electric power in electrical network in an optimal manner.
But, voltage or frequency range that individual components can be operated by optimal design wherein have Limited.Therefore, in operation, use electrical network is maintained at the frequency within safe operating range or Control of Voltage and electrical network is controlled.Additionally, use electrical load balance to guarantee except in electrical network Electrical loss outside, the energy that movable generator is generated is consumed by moving load.
Owing to voltage levvl is fixing for each subnet, so only allowing voltage levvl predetermined little Within the scope of small size change.Otherwise, it may appear that transship or pressure reduction conditions, or the assembly of electrical network is very To it may happen that fault.Power circuit monitors to determine their maximum dependable capacity.Individual Subnet such as uses power distribution automation to be controlled thus additional electric generator or electric power is stored in line activating Or deactivate to balance the load.Identical with this mode, according to maximum dependable capacity and current desired Capacity and auxiliary power circuit is activated or deactivates.The example of such system exists US2010/0138066A1 have disclosed.
But, such system is limited and cannot be controlled in an optimal manner.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the target of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus for more effectively controlling electrical network.
Main idea is that a kind of equipment for controlling electrical network, including:
Receiver, its be suitable to receive this electrical network about the first hierarchy levels of being in electrical network first Point information and about being in the information of the Part II of this electrical network of the second hierarchy levels of this electrical network;
Processor, it is suitable to determine the Part I for controlling this electrical network according to received information The first set-point and for controlling second set-point of Part II of this electrical network;With
Transmitter, it is suitable to send the information about set-point.
This improves the flexibility ratio of electrical network and contributes to the electrical network preparation to tomorrow requirement.
Advantageously, this first set-point indicates to be different from the operation that the frequency of the second set-point is carried out. This first set-point such as indicates the alternating current operation of the Part I of this electrical network, and the second set-point is then Indicate the DC operation of the Part II of this electrical network.Any of frequency in two parts can also be used Other combination, such as can also use on the alternating current and direct current on the first set-point and the second set-point Identical or different frequency in exchange or two set-points.
Advantageously, the Part I of this electrical network be the Part II of power transmission network and this electrical network be distribution Network.At transmission and disttrbution network in the case of the fixing separation of control plane, control effectively Be applicable to current demand, and the voltage levvl among each part this depend on demand and send out Electricity is then balanced simultaneously.
Advantageously, this receiver is suitable to receive the current parameters as information from the network components of this electrical network, And this processor is adapted in use to network simulation that this current parameters allows to carry out with received information Based on.
Advantageously, this processor is suitable to abstract set these parts of incompatible calculating of the indicatrix by parts Behavior.This means that each equipment and parts have at the model controlling plane effect.
Advantageously, this processor is adapted to determine that the perspective of electrical network parameter of at least two hierarchy levels is imitated Very, it is particularly useful for so that cost function minimization.By this way, the cost of assembly in electrical network, gulp down The amount of telling or life-span can be optimized.
This improves flexibility, extensibility, and allows due under such as cable disconnection, generator The accident of line etc and regulate in real time.
The invention further relates to corresponding method.
The present invention further launches to obtain from dependent claims and following description.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Hereinafter, with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention will be explained further below.
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates the Part I of electrical network.
Fig. 2 diagrammatically illustrates sequence chart.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the Part I of electrical network 110, and it includes equipment 100 and network components 120.
Network components 120 can be any type of network components, such as generator, consumer load, Reactance, electric power storage, power transformer, contactor etc..
Electrical network 110 is divided into two hierarchy levels in this example, and they are depicted as in FIG Part I 110a and Part II 110b.Many more hierarchy levels can also be used.At this In example, the two hierarchy levels is separated by network components 150.Network components 150 can be Solid-state transformer.Preferably, this solid-state transformer can be applicable to DC to 60Hz on such as master And continuous power transformation in the range of DC to 60Hz in primary side.
This network components can be any other type of network components, such as network components 120 or dividing potential drop Device.
Part I 110a in this example is the power transmission network with distance power circuit, and second Part 110b is then to have the distribution network of short distance power circuit.Can also use such as Campus Network Or other difference of subsea networks etc defines hierarchy levels.
This equipment includes receiver 101, and it is suitable to receive about the first level level being in electrical network 110 The information of the Part I 110a of this electrical network 110 other and about being in the second layer of this electrical network 110 The information of the Part II 110b of this electrical network 110 of level rank.
But, hierarchy levels self can not be distinguish between by the information received.On the contrary, network components 120 by providing the feature of their ability such as, parameter and carry out virtual description.This parameter Minimum that e.g. network components 120 is supported or maximum voltage.Equally, network components 120 is permissible It is described by state or current needs.
Its parameter is reported by each network components 120 in this electrical network in this example.Equally, When state or demand are used, those are just reported.
Receiver 101 is further adapted for receiving the current parameters as information from network components 120.
Network components 120 includes transmitter 140, and it is suitable to send this information.Transmitter 140 and connecing Receive device 120 to interconnect via data link 130, such as via LAN (LAN), nothing Line LAN (WLAN, 802.11n) or wide area network (WAN) are attached.Described connection example As according to known Internet protocol (IP), UDP (UDP), passed transport control protocol View (TCP) or SCTP (SCTP).Signaling is such as according to known the most right As access protocal (SOAP), declarative state transfer (REST) or Session initiation Protocol (SIP) Or internet protocol multi-media sub-system (IMS).Addressing can use known unified resource fixed Position symbol (URL), Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), extensible markup language (XML version 1.0, the third edition, W3C Recommendation, in August, 2009) in title or NameSpace Carry out.
Connect permissible, but be not inevitable, be direct between devices.Typical use situation be Have on the wide area network of multiple intermediate equipment.
Equipment 100 includes processor 102, and it is suitable to determine for controlling according to received information First set-point of the Part I 110a of this electrical network 110 and for controlling the second of this electrical network 110 Second set-point of part 110b.This set-point such as determines according to scheduled operation strategy.This is pre- Determine operation strategy to be such as stored on equipment 100.This set-point can be determined that current parameters with The mapping of scheduled operation strategy such as described below.
Processor 102 can be further adapted for using current parameters to make network simulation with received Information based on.Additionally, the abstract set that processor 102 is suitable to the indicatrix by parts is incompatible The behavior of calculating unit 120.
Electrical network parts 120 and the abstract of assembly such as describe the static state of parts 120 by use and move The characteristic set of the curve of state behavior and realize, above-mentioned curve take into account impact and the limit of ambient side Boundary's condition (such as, weather forecast, from grid division cut-out etc.).The example of such parts with Under non-exhaustive listing in be given:
Generator (wind-force, solar energy, waterpower, coal, nuclear energy etc.)
Electric power cable
Transformer (standard or solid-state)
Consumer's (city, village, independent agency)
Preferably, processor 102 is adapted to determine that the electrical network of at least two hierarchy levels 110a, 110b The perspective emulation of parameter, is particularly useful for so that cost function minimization.
This emulation such as based on use from the current parameters of network components 120 network is carried out online Or real-time emulation.The behavior of parts 120 is such as by the abstraction set of the indicatrix of parts 120 Calculate.To this end, each parts 120 have representation, such as model.By this way, Perspective emulation is deduced thus optimizes the cost of whole network, handling capacity, life-span.With this Mode, it is possible to will be appropriately arranged with a little being defined as control action thus flexibility, extensibility are provided, and And allow to regulate in real time due to accident (such as, cable disconnects, generator rolls off the production line).
Set-point is determined advantageously according to the result of this perspective emulation, such as according to by making Cost function minimization and the result that obtains determine.
Cost function can be the current capacities and that can be used to distribute the different power circuits of electric power The least square optimization of the current residual distance between big dependable capacity.
Set-point is such as confirmed as the target-like from following non-exhaustive listing instruction network components 120 State:
AC or DC network, such as by arranging set of frequency point
Different voltage levvls and conversion ratio, such as by arranging the mesh of each subnet and transformer Mark voltage
Flow of electrical power direction, such as, be charged by triggering battery or discharged
Control the active power in electrical network, such as by generating is added or removed in load balance Machine or consumer's load
Equipment 100 includes transmitter 103, and it is suitable to send the information about set-point.This information is excellent Selection of land is sent to network components 120 to trigger them by their operation regulation to new set-point.
Such as, when the instruction alternating current operation of scheduled operation strategy, the first set-point instruction electrical network 110 The alternating current operation of Part I 110a.
Such as, when scheduled operation strategy instruction DC operation, the second set-point instruction electrical network 110 The DC operation of Part II 110b.
Below with reference to Fig. 2, the method being used for controlling electrical network is described.Here, suppose that Part I The network components 120 of 110a is generator, and the network components of Part II 110b is by the first son The solid-state transformer that net 110a and the second subnet 110b is attached.This generator is used as simply showing Example and other assembly or line can be included, such as boosting or step-down controller and resistance or resistance Anti-.In this example, generator is connected to the master of solid-state transformer by transmission line of electricity, and it is suitable to The frequency range of 0-60Hz and the voltage range of 0-735kV operate.Solid-state transformer Being connected to distribution line on its secondary side, it is suitable at the frequency range of 0-60Hz and 0-72.5kV Voltage range in operate.
The method is included in message 210 reception about being in being somebody's turn to do of the first hierarchy levels of electrical network 110 The information of the Part I 110a of electrical network 110 and receive in message 211 and relevant be in this electrical network The information of the Part II 110b of this electrical network 110 of second hierarchy levels of 110.In this example, Part I 110a is power transmission network and Part II 110b is distribution network.Institute in message 210 The Current Voltage of the information e.g. power transmission network received and frequency.The letter received in message 211 Cease Current Voltage and the frequency of e.g. distribution network.
In this example, this generator is reported in the operation in DC mode, such as, 0Hz, with 72.5 The voltage of kV.Solid-state transformer reports the operation in DC mode, such as, 0Hz in this example, Voltage with 72.5kV.This means the current parameters of the network components 120 from electrical network as more than Described ground is received.
Upon receipt of this information, in step 220, determine for controlling according to received information First set-point of Part I 110a and for controlling second set-point of Part II 110b.
As described above, it is possible to use scheduled operation strategy.It is preferably used above mentioned Perspective emulation.
Such as, the first set-point such as indicates the exchanging of 60Hz with 735kV of Part I 110a Operation, the second set-point then indicates the alternating current operation of 0Hz and 72.5kV of Part II 110b.
Subsequently, message 230 sends the information about set-point.In this example, this information exists Message 230 is sent to network components 120.Preferably, individual message is in single message 230 It is sent to individual device.
During information in receiving message 230, network components 120 is configured in this step 235 Thus operate with corresponding modes.This also makes subnet also operate with desired pattern.This Meaning in this example, set of frequency point is respectively set to 60Hz and 0Hz.Additionally, voltage Set-point is set to 735kV and 72.5kV by decibel.This means after receiving information 203, Part I 110a operates with AC mode, and Part II 110b grasps with DC mode Make.
Alternatively, in the step 240 performed when receiving message 211, by the feature of parts The behavior of the incompatible calculating unit of abstract set 120 of curve.This is such as based on reception information and make electricity consumption Flow parameter and determined by network simulation.
Preferably, in the optional step 250 performed after optional step 240, especially for making Cost function minimization and calculate the prediction of the electrical network parameter of at least two hierarchy levels 110a, 110b Property emulation.
In this case, calculating and setting point is carried out according to the result of optional step 240 or 250.Preferably, Perspective emulation determines optimal set-point or operation strategy.
Description and accompanying drawing illustrate only the principle of the present invention.Therefore it will be appreciated that this area skill But although art personnel can design various be not expressly recited at this or illustrate but embody this The various deployment forms of bright principle.The principle of the present invention incorporated herein, aspect and embodiment and its tool All statements of body example are intended to comprise its equivalents.
Shown in figure include labeled or be described as including any functional module of " processor " The function of all parts by using specialized hardware and can manage that and performs with suitable software The hardware of software provides.When provided by a processor, this function can by single application specific processor, Multiple individual processors that single shared processor or some of which can be shared provide.This Outward, the clearly use of term " processor " or " controller " should not be understood to all referring to Be able to carry out the hardware of software, and can implicitly include digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, Network processing unit, apply specific integrated circuit (ASIC).Field programmable gate array (FPGA), For storing the read-only storage (ROM) of software, random access storage device (RAM) and non- Volatile storage, but be not limited to that this.The hard of other conventional and/or customization can also be included Part.Similarly, any switch shown in figure is the most only conceptual.Its function can pass through program The operation of logic, by special logic, by programme-control and special logic alternately or even with Manual type performs, and as understood more particularly through context, particular technology can be by implementing Fang Jinhang selects.
Artisan will appreciate that, any block diagram here is all to represent to embody this The conceptual view of the illustrative circuit of bright principle.Similarly, it will be appreciated that sequence chart represents Substantially can be indicated in computer-readable medium and therefore be held by computer or processor The various process of row, regardless of whether whether such computer or meeting processor are explicitly shown.
Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that, the step of various methods described above can Performed by programmed computer.Here, some embodiments are also intended to overlay program storage device, such as Digital data storage medium, its be machine or computer-readable and to instruction machine can perform or Computer executable program encodes, and wherein said instruction performs the one of described method described above A little or Overall Steps.This program storage device can be such as digital storage, such as Disk and tape, The magnetic storage media of hard disk, or optical readable fetches data storage media.Embodiment is also intended to cover Lid is programmed to execute the computer of the described step of method described above.

Claims (12)

1. an equipment (100), including:
Receiver (101), it is suitable to reception about being in the first hierarchy levels of electrical network (110) The information of the Part I (110a) of this electrical network (110) and relevant this electrical network (110) that is in The information of the Part II (110b) of this electrical network (110) of the second hierarchy levels;
Processor (102), it is suitable to determine for controlling this electrical network (110) according to received information The first set-point of Part I (110a) and be used for controlling the Part II of this electrical network (110) (110b) the second set-point;And
Transmitter (103), it is suitable to send the information about set-point,
It is characterized in that this first hierarchy levels and this second hierarchy levels are carried out point by the instruction of this set-point Every the dbjective state of network components.
Equipment the most according to claim 1 (100), wherein first of this electrical network (110) The first set-point dividing (110a) indicates with the Part II (110b) being different from this electrical network (110) The operation that carries out of the frequency of the second set-point.
Equipment the most according to claim 1 and 2 (100), wherein the of this electrical network (110) A part (110a) be the Part II (110b) of power transmission network and this electrical network (110) be to join Electric network.
Equipment the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3 (100), wherein this receiver (101) be suitable to the network components (120) from this electrical network (110) and receive the current parameters as information, And this processor (102) is adapted in use to network simulation that this current parameters allows to carry out with received Information based on.
Equipment the most according to any one of claim 1 to 4 (100), wherein this processor (102) behavior of the abstract set these parts of incompatible calculating (120) of indicatrix by parts is suitable to.
Equipment the most according to any one of claim 1 to 5 (100), wherein this processor (102) electrical network parameter perspective of at least two hierarchy levels (110a, 110b) it is adapted to determine that Emulation, is particularly useful for so that cost function minimization.
7. a method, including:
Receive (210,211) about being in this electrical network (110) of the first hierarchy levels of electrical network (110) Part I (110a) information and about being in second hierarchy levels of this electrical network (110) The information of the Part II (110b) of this electrical network (110);
Determine that (220) are used for controlling the Part I of this electrical network (110) according to received information (110a) the first set-point and be used for controlling the Part II (110b) of this electrical network (110) The second set-point;And
Send (230) information about set-point,
It is characterized in that this first hierarchy levels and this second hierarchy levels are carried out point by the instruction of this set-point Every the dbjective state of network components.
Method the most according to claim 7, wherein this first set-point indicates this electrical network (110) The alternating current operation of Part I (110a), this second set-point then indicates this electrical network (110) The DC operation of Part II (110b).
9. according to the method described in claim 7 or 8, the wherein Part I of this electrical network (110) (110a) be the Part II (110b) of power transmission network and this electrical network (110) be distribution network.
10. according to the method according to any one of claim 7 to 9, including from the network of this electrical network Parts (120) receive as the current parameters of information, and use the net that this current parameters allows to carry out Network emulates based on received information.
11. according to the method according to any one of claim 7 to 10, including by the feature of parts The behavior of the abstract set incompatible calculating (240) these parts (120) of curve.
12. according to the method according to any one of claim 7 to 11, including determining (250) extremely The perspective emulation of the electrical network parameter of few two hierarchy levels (110a, 110b), be particularly useful for so that Cost function minimization.
CN201480072320.6A 2014-01-10 2014-11-25 Method and device for controlling a power grid Withdrawn CN105900128A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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EP14305031.8A EP2894597A1 (en) 2014-01-10 2014-01-10 A method and device for controlling a power grid
EP14305031.8 2014-01-10
PCT/EP2014/075477 WO2015104088A1 (en) 2014-01-10 2014-11-25 A method and device for controlling a power grid

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