CN105891597A - High voltage power transmission line electric energy wireless monitoring device and monitoring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The wireless monitoring device and monitoring method for electric energy of a high-voltage transmission line of the present invention include three electric energy measuring devices, an electric energy metering device and a power distribution main station; the three electric energy measuring devices are respectively fixed on the bottom of the A, B, and C phase towers with insulating rods, Its electrodes are in contact with the A, B, and C phase high-voltage transmission lines respectively; the electric energy metering device is installed near the distribution transformer, and the low voltage signal is obtained from the distribution transformer; the three electric energy measuring devices and the electric energy metering device send data wirelessly , which solves the problem of high and low voltage physical isolation; wireless GPRS is used to transmit data information between the electric energy metering device and the main power distribution station.

Description

High-voltage transmission line electric energy wireless monitoring device and monitoring method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of electricity metering devices for high-voltage transmission lines, in particular to a wireless monitoring device and method for electric energy of high-voltage transmission lines.

Background technique

In order to conduct real-time metering of the power consumption status of each branch line of the 10-35KV high-voltage transmission line, so as to centrally manage and count the demand for electric energy of power-consuming enterprises and electric equipment, the traditional metering method of high-voltage transmission lines is to use high-voltage voltage transformers, current The main problems of this measurement method are the complexity of the measurement equipment, large investment, and large floor area, especially if it is placed outdoors, it is very easy to be damaged by lightning strikes and damage the measurement equipment.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wireless monitoring device and monitoring method for high-voltage transmission line power, to solve the problem of how to use the principle of electric field coupling to obtain the voltage phase signal of the high-voltage transmission line in a non-contact manner in the prior art, and to obtain the current of the high-voltage transmission line by using an open-type current transformer. The technical problem of realizing the measurement of electric energy of high-voltage transmission lines is of great significance to reduce energy waste.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The wireless monitoring device for electric energy of high-voltage transmission lines is used to monitor the electric energy of high-voltage A, B, and C three-phase transmission lines. It includes electrodes, insulating rods, power supply, open-type current transformer and power measuring circuit; the power supply is a solar cell; the insulating rod is an insulator with a withstand voltage of 35KV.

The three electric energy measuring devices are respectively fixed under the A, B, and C three-phase towers through insulating rods, and the electrodes of the three electric energy measuring devices are respectively in contact with the high-voltage transmission lines of the A, B, and C phases. Set on the high-voltage transmission line corresponding to the electrodes, the power supply, electrodes and open-type current transformers of each electric energy measuring device are electrically connected with the electric quantity measuring circuit;

The electric energy metering device is installed near the distribution transformer, and obtains a low-voltage signal from the distribution transformer; the three electric energy measuring devices communicate with the electric energy metering device through wireless communication, and the electric energy metering device and the distribution master station use wireless GPRS Pass data information.

As a further improvement, the power measurement circuit includes a microcontroller, a current acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module, a power supply module, an electric energy measurement module, a wireless transmission module, and a slave address setting module; an open current transformer and an input terminal of the current acquisition module Electrically connected, the electrode is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage acquisition module through the sensing electrode circuit, the output end of the current acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module are electrically connected to the output end of the electric energy measurement module, the electric energy measurement module, the wireless transmission module and the address of the slave are set The fixed modules are all electrically connected to the microcontroller, and the power supply module supplies power to the electric energy metering module, the wireless transmission module and the microcontroller; Harmonic content is measured in real time; in the network composed of the power measuring device and the power metering device, the power measuring device is used as a slave, and is always in a receiving state waiting for the power metering device to initiate an instruction and transmit the current effective value, power factor and current in real time according to the instruction RMS product and current harmonic content signal.

As a further improvement, the electric energy metering device includes a main control chip, a power supply module, a voltage effective value measurement module, a wireless transceiver module, an RTC module, a memory module, a human-computer interaction interface module and an RS485 interface, a voltage effective value measurement module, a wireless transceiver The module, the RTC module, the memory module, the human-computer interaction interface module and the RS485 interface are all electrically connected to the main control chip, the power supply module supplies power to the main control chip, and the human-computer interaction interface module is provided with buttons.

The method for monitoring according to the wireless monitoring device for high-voltage transmission line power includes the following steps: 1. The wireless monitoring device for high-voltage transmission line adopts the electric field method to obtain the voltage phase signal of the high-voltage transmission line in a non-contact manner, and uses an open-type current transformer to measure the high-voltage transmission line Current signal, so that the power factor, current effective value, product of power factor and current effective value and current harmonic content signal of the transmission line can be directly measured by the power measuring device, and sent to the power metering device by wireless; 2. Power metering device Measure the effective value of the voltage, and receive the power factor of the transmission line, the effective value of the current, the product of the power factor and the effective value of the current, and the current harmonic content signal from the A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase power measurement devices at the same time. Calculate the active power, reactive power, power factor, current harmonic content, electric energy and cumulative total electric energy of transmission line A, B, and C phases by multiplying the effective value of the current and the effective value of the phase A, B, and C voltages , and it will be displayed on the LCD of the electricity metering device.

As a further improvement, the software workflow of the power measurement device is as follows: the power measurement device is used as a slave, responsible for collecting the current on the high-voltage line, the current harmonic component, and the current and voltage phase angle electric energy parameters. The current acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module will collect The received analog signal of the electric energy parameter is sent to the electric energy metering chip IDT-90E36 in the electric energy metering module for AD conversion, and the digital value of the electric energy parameter is obtained. ; When the wireless transceiver module receives the instruction sent by the electric energy metering device, it first verifies the frame header and frame tail, and then performs CRC verification. If the verification structure is correct, it will receive the instruction address code and its own dial switch The set address bits are compared, and the comparison structure is the same, then respond to the demand of the electric energy metering device, and send data to the electric energy metering device at the same time, otherwise do not respond.

As a further improvement, the software flow of the electricity metering device is as follows: after the hardware system of the electricity metering device is powered on and reset, the software system first performs the power supply module, voltage effective value measurement module, wireless transceiver module, RTC module, memory module, human-computer interaction The interface module performs initialization operations, including the initialization of the input and output port function registers of the main control chip, the initialization of the liquid crystal driver, the initialization of the real-time clock chip, the initialization of the storage device, and the initialization of the serial port communication; The required functional modules, the power metering device software system has designed the corresponding application module submenu for the functions of each module in the main menu, which is called by the main program of the power metering device software to execute the corresponding functions of each module of the power metering device, and at the same time the main program The background of the system communicates with the power measuring device on the high-voltage line in real time during the interruption.

Using this method to detect the voltage and current phase of the transmission line through the field strength method can also realize the detection of the ground fault location of the transmission line. When the ground fault occurs on the line, the phase difference between the voltage and the current will change suddenly. Capacitance When a ground fault occurs, the voltage and current phase difference will show capacitive characteristics, and usually the load is an inductive load. According to this characteristic, it can quickly judge the ground fault of the transmission line, so as to truly solve the problem of accurate location of the ground fault point of the transmission line problem.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

The invention utilizes the electric field coupling principle to non-contact obtain the voltage phase signal of the high-voltage transmission line, utilizes the open-type current transformer to obtain the current signal of the high-voltage transmission line, and utilizes the special electric energy metering chip IDT-90E36 and the microprocessor to realize the phase difference of the voltage and current of the transmission line , Current RMS and current harmonics and other parameters are measured, and data transmission is carried out through wireless communication technology, which solves the problem of physical isolation between high and low voltage; the principle of using this method to detect the voltage and current phase of the transmission line through the field strength method is also It can realize the detection of the ground fault location of the transmission line. When the ground fault occurs on the line, the voltage and current phase difference will change abruptly. Due to the distributed capacitance of the transmission line, the voltage and current phase difference will show capacitive characteristics when the ground fault occurs. Generally, the loads are inductive loads. According to this characteristic, it is possible to quickly judge the occurrence of a ground fault on the transmission line, thereby truly solving the problem of accurately locating the ground fault point of the transmission line.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless monitoring device for electric energy of a high-voltage transmission line in Embodiment 1.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrical quantity measuring circuit in Embodiment 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electricity metering device of Embodiment 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of 90E36 harmonic calculation and analysis in Embodiment 1. FIG.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the program of the electricity measuring device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a communication flowchart of the measuring device in Embodiment 1.

FIG. 7 is a front-end flow chart of the main program of the system in Embodiment 1.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of background data communication of the system main program in Embodiment 1.

FIG. 9 is an overall framework diagram of the software of the electricity metering device in Embodiment 1. FIG.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the wireless monitoring device for high-voltage transmission line power is used to monitor the power of high-voltage A, B, C three-phase transmission lines, and is characterized in that it includes three power measurement devices 1, power metering devices 4 and power distribution master station 5;

The power measuring device 1 includes electrodes 11, insulating rods 12, power supply 13, open current transformer 14 and power measuring circuit; the power supply is a solar cell; the insulating rod is an insulator with a withstand voltage of 35KV.

The three electric energy measuring devices 1 are respectively fixed below the three-phase towers A, B, and C through insulating rods 12, and the electrodes 11 of the three electric energy measuring devices 1 are in contact with the high-voltage transmission lines of the A, B, and C phases respectively, and the open type 14 sets of current transformers are set on the high-voltage transmission line corresponding to the electrodes 11, and the power supply 13, electrodes 11 and open-type current transformers 14 of each electric energy measuring device 1 are all electrically connected to the electric quantity measuring circuit;

The electric energy metering device 4 is installed near the distribution transformer, and obtains a low-voltage signal from the distribution transformer; the three electric energy measuring devices 1 communicate with the electric energy metering device 4 through wireless communication, and the connection between the electric energy metering device 4 and the distribution master station Use wireless GPRS to transmit data information.

As shown in Figure 2, the power measurement circuit is mainly composed of a microcontroller, a current acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module, a power supply module, an electric energy measurement module, a wireless transmission module, and a slave address setting module; it mainly completes the three-phase high-voltage transmission line For the measurement of power parameters such as current RMS, power factor and current harmonic content, in the network composed of electricity metering devices, the electricity metering device is used as a slave, and is always in a receiving state, waiting for the electricity metering device to initiate an instruction and transmit it in real time according to the instruction corresponding data.

As shown in Figure 3, the electric energy metering device mainly includes a main control chip, a power supply module, a voltage effective value measurement module, a wireless transceiver module, an RTC module, a memory module, a human-computer interaction interface module, and an RS485 interface.

The sampling rate of IDT-90E36 can reach up to 8KHz. Since the chip uses sigma-delta ADC to obtain high-precision analog-to-digital conversion, the obtained sampling signal spectrum is more accurate. The DSP of 90E36 is embedded with discrete Fourier transform (DFT) analysis engine, which can detect the total harmonic distortion, and can also calculate the 2nd to 31st harmonic components of the sampled voltage and current. The analysis principle is shown in Figure 4.

The high-voltage transmission line power wireless monitoring device adopts the electric field method to obtain the voltage phase signal of the high-voltage transmission line in a non-contact manner, and uses the open-type current transformer to measure the current signal of the high-voltage transmission line, so that the power factor and effective current of the transmission line can be directly measured by using the power measurement device. Value, power factor and current RMS product and current harmonic content and other signals, and send them to the electricity metering device wirelessly. Measuring device Transmission line power factor, effective value of current, product of power factor and effective value of current and current harmonic content, the power metering device is based on the obtained product of power factor and effective value of current and the effective value of phase A, phase B and phase C voltage respectively Calculate the active power, reactive power, power factor, current harmonic content, electric energy and cumulative total electric energy of phase A, phase B and phase C of the transmission line, and display them on the liquid crystal display of the power metering device. To adapt to a wider range of electric energy metering, the voltage ratio and current ratio of phase A, phase B, and phase C can be set on the liquid crystal display of the electricity metering device, and information is transmitted wirelessly between the electricity metering device and the electricity metering device to solve the problem The problem of physical isolation between high and low voltage is solved, and the use of this device can greatly improve the real-time performance and reliability of electricity metering on transmission lines, and reduce operating costs.

As shown in Figure 5, the software workflow of the power measurement device: the power measurement device acts as a slave, responsible for collecting electric energy parameters such as current on the high-voltage line, current harmonic components, and current and voltage phase angles. The acquisition module in the device will collect the The analog signal of the electric energy parameter is sent to the electric energy metering chip IDT-90E36 to measure the digital value of each electric energy parameter. When the command is issued, first verify the frame header and frame tail, and then perform CRC check. If they are all correct, compare the received command address code with the address bit set by its own DIP switch. If they are the same, it will respond to the electric energy metering device. According to the functional requirements, send the required data, otherwise do not respond.

In the entire electric energy metering device system, information is transmitted between the power measuring device and the power metering device in a wireless manner. This method solves the problem of physical isolation between high and low voltages. The radio frequency module is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the USART interface. Since the power measurement device is used as a slave, each communication is initiated by the host (power measurement device), so the power measurement device is always in the receiving state and receives the frame information sent by the host. Then analyze the frame information, if the frame information is verified correctly, implement the corresponding operation according to the parsed function code, otherwise discard the frame information. In order to ensure the real-time performance of the receiving response, the communication process is implemented in the receiving interrupt, and its communication process is shown in Figure 6.

The software process of the electricity metering device, after the hardware system of the electricity metering device is powered on and reset, the software system first initializes each module, including the initialization of the input and output port function registers of the main control chip, the initialization of the liquid crystal driver, the real-time clock chip, the memory Software initialization and serial communication initialization, etc., and then display the main menu of the power metering device; the user can select and enter the required function module through each button, and the software system has designed a corresponding application module submenu for each module function in the main menu. It is called by the main program to execute the corresponding functions of the power metering device. At the same time, the background of the main program performs data communication with the power metering device on the high-voltage line in real time during the interruption, as shown in Figures 7 and 8.

The overall frame diagram of the software system of the power metering device is shown in Figure 9. The actual running software system mainly consists of three system states: main menu selection, submenu function execution and slave electrical energy data acquisition, and the system program is constantly circulating in the main program To execute the functions of these three states, the user performs state transfer through key operation, and the main control program reads the corresponding key value to realize the corresponding functions of each module, so the program design of correctly reading the key is very important.

The power measurement device is connected to the high-voltage transmission line. In order to obtain a longer battery life, the power supply of the power measurement device uses a 12V rechargeable lead-acid battery and a 15W solar panel.

Using this method to detect the voltage and current phase of the transmission line through the field strength method can also realize the detection of the ground fault location of the transmission line. When the ground fault occurs on the line, the phase difference between the voltage and the current will change suddenly. Capacitance When a ground fault occurs, the voltage and current phase difference will show capacitive characteristics, and usually the load is an inductive load. According to this characteristic, it can quickly judge the ground fault of the transmission line, so as to truly solve the problem of accurate location of the ground fault point of the transmission line problem.

Claims (6)

1. ultra-high-tension power transmission line electric energy wireless monitoring device, for high pressure A, B, C three phase line electric energy is monitored, its It is characterised by: include three device for measurement of electrical energy (1), electric power meter (4) and distribution main website (5)；

Described electrical quantity measurement arrangement (1) includes electrode (11), insulating bar (12), power supply (13), open type current transformer And electrical measurement circuit (14)；Power supply is solaode；Insulating bar is the pressure insulator for 35KV；

Described three device for measurement of electrical energy (1) are fixed on the lower section of A, B, C three-phase shaft tower by insulating bar (12) respectively, three The electrode (11) of device for measurement of electrical energy (1) contacts with A, B, C phase ultra-high-tension power transmission line respectively, open type current transformer (14) it is set on the ultra-high-tension power transmission line corresponding with electrode (11), the power supply of each device for measurement of electrical energy (1) (13), electrode (11) and open type current transformer (14) all electrically connect between electrical measurement circuit；

Described electric power meter (4) is arranged near distribution transformer, obtains low voltage signal from distribution transformer；Three electric energy Wirelessly communication between measurement apparatus (1) and electric power meter (4), electric power meter (4) and distribution master Wireless GPRS transfer data information is used between standing.

Ultra-high-tension power transmission line electric energy wireless monitoring device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described electrical measurement electricity Road includes microcontroller, current acquisition module, voltage acquisition module, power module, electric energy metering module, wireless transmission mould Block, slave addresses setting module；Open type current transformer (14) electrically connects with current acquisition module input, electrode (11) electrically connected with the input of voltage acquisition module by induction electrode circuit, current acquisition module, voltage acquisition module Outfan electrically connects with the outfan of electric energy metering module, electric energy metering module, wireless sending module and slave addresses setting module All electrically connecting with microcontroller, power module is that electric energy metering module, wireless sending module and microcontroller are powered；

Electrical measurement circuit is to power factor, current effective value, power factor and current effective value product and electric current on ultra-high-tension power transmission line Harmonic content is measured in real time；In the network that electrical quantity measurement arrangement and electric quantity metering device are constituted, electrical quantity measurement arrangement conduct From machine, it is constantly in reception state and waits that electric quantity metering device initiates instruction and according to instruction real-time Transmission current effective value, power Factor and current effective value product and current harmonic content signal.

Ultra-high-tension power transmission line electric energy wireless monitoring device the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described electric energy meter Amount device includes main control chip, power supply module, voltage effective value measurement module, radio receiving transmitting module, RTC block, deposits Memory modules, Man Machine Interface module and RS485 interface, voltage effective value measurement module, radio receiving transmitting module, RTC Module, memory module, Man Machine Interface module and RS485 interface all electrically connect with between main control chip, and power supply is powered Module is that main control chip is powered, and Man Machine Interface module is provided with button.

4. the method being monitored according to the ultra-high-tension power transmission line electric energy wireless monitoring device described in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that Comprise the steps: one, ultra-high-tension power transmission line electric energy wireless monitoring device uses electric field method cordless to obtain high voltage transmission line Road voltage phase signal, utilizes open type current transformer to measure ultra-high-tension power transmission line current signal, so utilizes electrical measurement to fill Put (1) and can directly measure the power factor of transmission line of electricity, current effective value, power factor and current effective value product and electricity Stream harmonic content signal, and wirelessly it is sent to electric quantity metering device (4)；Two, electric quantity metering device (4) is measured Voltage effective value, receives from A phase, B phase, C phase electrical quantity measurement arrangement (1) transmission line of electricity power factor, electric current simultaneously Virtual value, power factor and current effective value product and current harmonic content signal, electric quantity metering device (4) is according to acquisition Power factor and current effective value product and A phase, B phase, C phase voltage virtual value computing electric power line A phase, B respectively Phase, the active power of C phase, reactive power, power factor, current harmonic content, electric energy and accumulative total electric energy, and at electricity The liquid crystal display screen display of metering device (4).

Monitoring method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the software workflow of described electrical quantity measurement arrangement (1) As follows: electrical quantity measurement arrangement, as from machine, is responsible for gathering electric current, current harmonics component and the electric current on high-tension line and voltage phase Parallactic angle electrical energy parameter, the analogue signal of the electrical energy parameter collected is delivered to electric energy metrical by current acquisition module, voltage acquisition module Electric energy computation chip IDT-90E36 in module is AD converted, and obtains the digital value of electrical energy parameter, electrical quantity measurement arrangement (1) radio receiving transmitting module on is constantly in reception state, waits that electric quantity metering device (4) sends instruction；Work as wireless receiving and dispatching When module receives the instruction that electric power meter (4) is sent, first verify that frame head, postamble, carry out CRC school and then Test, if verification structure is correct, then the address bit that the instruction code address received and self toggle switch set is compared, than Identical compared with structure, then respond the demand of electric power meter (4), send data to electric power meter (4), otherwise simultaneously It is not responding to.

6. according to the monitoring method described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that the software flow of described electric quantity metering device (4) As follows: after electric quantity metering device (4) hardware system electrification reset, first power supply module, voltage are had by software system Valid value measurement module, radio receiving transmitting module, RTC block, memory module, Man Machine Interface module carry out initializing behaviour Make, including the initialization of main control chip input/output port function register, liquid crystal drive initialization, real-time timepiece chip, storage Device initializes and serial communication initializes；Then showing the main menu of electric quantity metering device (4), user can pass through button Selecting the functional module needed for entering, electric quantity metering device (4) software system devises for functions of modules every in main menu Corresponding application module submenu, calls for electric quantity metering device (4) software main program, performs electric quantity metering device (4) The corresponding function of each module, the backstage of mastery routine is carried out in real time with electrical quantity measurement arrangement on high-tension line (1) in interruption simultaneously Communication.