CN105890759A - Fiber grating demodulation system utilizing micro-motion detector array to improve spectrum resolution - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a fiber grating demodulation system utilizing a micro-motion detector array to improve spectrum resolution. The demodulation system comprises a pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexing device, a Bragg fiber grating, a diaphragm, a slit, a collimating mirror, a light splitting grating, an imaging lens, a linear array detector, a piezoelectric execution element and a voltage control system, wherein the pumping source, the wavelength division multiplexing device and the Bragg fiber grating are connected in sequence, the wavelength division multiplexing device is simultaneously connected with the diaphragm, light emitted by the pumping source enters the Bragg fiber grating after the coupling of the wavelength division multiplexing device, a reflection spectrum of the Bragg fiber grating serves as injection light and enters the fiber grating demodulation system, and after the injection light passes through the slit, the injection light is reflected by the collimating mirror, the light splitting grating and the imaging lens in sequence and is finally gathered to the linear array detector. The linear array detector moves left and right for a small distance along the long axis direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensory field of optic fibre, particularly to a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system using fine motion detector array to improve spectral resolution and method.
Background technology
Fiber grating is a kind of novel passive sensing element, there is high sensitivity, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, the plurality of advantages such as corrosion-resistant, from since sensing, have been achieved for the development of Fast Persistence, have broad application prospects in terms of the safety monitoring in the fields such as Aero-Space, building structure, oil.Optical fiber grating regulating system is the key component of whole sensor-based system, it is achieved in high precision, high-resolution, dynamically and static parameter combines, multipoint multiplexing detection and low cost are the development of fiber grating demodulation technology trend.The method of optical fibre interrogation has multiple, and tuning F-P filter method is only used for measuring static strain, and the cost of tunable laser method is the highest, and non-equilibrium M-Z interferometric method is the most affected by environment, is unfavorable for engineer applied.Fast development along with optical detector in recent years so that Miniature optical fiber spectrogrph is fast-developing, and optical fibre interrogation technology based on light spectrum image-forming method grows up the most therewith.Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator volume based on light spectrum image-forming method is little, integration degree is high, can be used for measuring static and dynamic strain, in numerous demodulation methods, there is outstanding advantages, it it is an important directions of demodulating system research, wherein, the Performance of Optical System of (FBG) demodulator directly affects the resolution of system, is a key of (FBG) demodulator.
The optical system structure kind of grating spectrograph is more, current Application comparison generally Czerny-Turner light channel structure, i.e. using two sides concave mirror as collimating mirror and imaging lens, using plane reflection grating as dispersion element.It is low that on the one hand this be because plane grating design difficulty, and cost of reproduction is cheap, and diffraction efficiency is high；On the other hand it is owing to the structural parameters of Czerny-Turner structure scalable and layout are more, secondary or repeatedly diffraction can be avoided, it is simple to use photoelectric array detector to receive spectrum.Common Small-sized C zerny-Turner spectrogrph is broadly divided into chiasma type and 2 kinds of structures of M type.M type is the classical architecture of Czerny-Turner spectrogrph, and representative products is the Avaspec series small fiber spectrometer that Avantes company of Holland develops；Chiasma type is then to be developed by it, its more compact structure, and space availability ratio is high.But, due to linear array image sensor pixel Limited Number, spectral space resolution is restricted.
Accordingly, it is capable to the no high-resolution gration wavelength that realizes in the case of line array sensor pixel is limited accurately demodulates, it it is this area technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
nullIt is an object of the invention to provide a kind of optical fiber grating regulating system using fine motion detector array to improve line scan image sensor spectral resolution，Described demodulating system includes pumping source、Wavelength division multiplexer、Bragg grating、Diaphragm、Slit、Collimating mirror、Spectro-grating、Imaging lens and linear array detector、Piezoelectric-actuator and voltage control system，Wherein said pumping source、Wavelength division multiplexer and bragg grating are sequentially connected with，Described wavelength division multiplexer is simultaneously connected with diaphragm，The light that described pumping source sends is by entering bragg grating after the coupling of wavelength division multiplexer，The reflectance spectrum of described bragg grating enters optical fiber grating regulating system as injecting light，Inject light by after slit，Pass sequentially through collimating mirror、Spectro-grating、The reflection of imaging lens，Finally converge on linear array detector，Wherein said linear array detector moves left and right slight distance along its long axis direction.
Preferably, described linear array detector moving range is between 0-1 centimetre.
Preferably, described linear array detector is adjusted at a high speed by piezoelectric-actuator.
Preferably, the method for described mobile slight distance is as follows:
A) piezoelectric-actuator regulates to least significant end, and this voltage is initial adjustment voltage；
B) record least significant end spectroscopic data is initial spectrum；
C) half step distance regulation piezoelectric-actuator, calculating current light spectrum and initial spectrum, described piezoelectric-actuator is position servo, instructs control line array detector by input position and carries out micro-movement, the locus of incident illumination is adjusted, finally determines light spectrum image-forming position；
D) first degree of association peak value time regulation voltage be recorded as eventually adjusting voltage；
E) between voltage, initial adjustment voltage and whole tune being divided into some grades, each grade is all measured, to obtain higher spatial resolution by demodulation every time.
Preferably, the concrete processing procedure of described sub-step b) is as follows:
When there being 256 pixels, then can obtain 256 subsection integral values: { I0, I1, I2, ... ..I255}, when pixel scans along a direction fine motion, obtain another ordered series of numbers: I0 ', I1 ', I2 ' ... ..I255 ' }, before this ordered series of numbers, go the former, obtain: I0 '-I0, I1 '-I1, I2 '-I2, ... I255 '-I255, }, i.e. { G1-G0, G2-G1, G3-G2 ... }；Wherein G0 represents the light intensity true value of the 0th position, and G1 represents the light intensity value of 1 position；This ordered series of numbers is sued for peace, obtain G1-G0, G2-G0, G3-G0 ... G255-G0}, so obtain is the new value after finely tuning for the first time, and followed by the new value after second time fine setting, if having finely tuned n times, just obtains the interpolation of n times.
Should be appreciated that aforementioned description substantially is exemplary illustration and explanation with follow-up detailed description, the restriction of content claimed to the present invention should not be used as.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With reference to the accompanying drawing enclosed, the more purpose of the present invention, function and advantage will be illustrated by the described below of embodiment of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system improving line scan image sensor spectral resolution according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 diagrammatically illustrates the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system using slit translation raising line scan image sensor spectral resolution；
Fig. 3 schematically shows the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system using collimating mirror fine setting raising detector array spectral resolution；
Fig. 4 schematically shows the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system using fine motion grating raising detector array spectral resolution；
Fig. 5 schematically shows the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system using imaging lens fine setting raising detector array spectral resolution；
Fig. 6 schematically shows the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system using linear array detector fine setting raising detector array spectral resolution；
Fig. 7 schematically shows the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system improving detector array spectral resolution；
Fig. 8 schematically shows the flow chart of the feedback of the optical fiber grating regulating system of the optical fiber grating regulating system raising line scan image sensor spectral resolution using linear array detector fine motion scanning raising spectral resolution according to the present invention；
Fig. 9 (a) shows that a light intensity is one-dimensional Gaussian curve scattergram in space；
Fig. 9 (b) shows the result figure after the repetitive measurement result interpolation after scanning when not regulating slit；
Fig. 9 (c) shows the result figure after the repetitive measurement result interpolation after scanning when regulating slit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system improving line scan image sensor spectral resolution according to the present invention；A kind of optical fiber grating regulating system 100 using linear array detector fine motion to improve line scan image sensor spectral resolution that the present invention provides is as it is shown in figure 1, described optical fiber grating regulating system 100 includes pumping source (LD) 101, wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 102, bragg grating (FBG) 103, diaphragm 104, slit 105, spectro-grating 106, collimating mirror 107, imaging lens 108 and linear array detector (CCD) 109.Pumping source 101, wavelength division multiplexer 102 and bragg grating 103 are sequentially connected with, and wavelength division multiplexer 102 is simultaneously connected with diaphragm 104.The light that pumping source 101 sends is by entering bragg grating 103 after the coupling of wavelength division multiplexer 102, the reflectance spectrum of bragg grating 103 enters optical fiber grating regulating system as injecting light.Inject light by, after slit 105, passing sequentially through collimating mirror 106, spectro-grating 107, the reflection of imaging lens 108, finally converge on linear array detector (CCD) 109.
First, by pumping source 101, wavelength division multiplexer 102, bragg grating 103 welding in the manner shown in figure 1, wherein bragg grating 103 should have higher reflectance and narrower live width.Wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 102 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the parameter of bragg grating (FBG) 103 select to be required to same pumping wavelength, laser emitting wavelength parameter coupling, and concrete parameter is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 is according to the reflectance spectrum light source parameters of the demodulating system of the present invention
If selecting core diameter in embodiment is that 10/125 μm Er-doped fiber need to choose same model core diameter as gain media, pumping source LD tail optical fiber, wavelength division multiplexer WDM.Pumping source LD output wavelength 976nm, wavelength division multiplexer WDM operation wavelength 976/1550nm, bragg grating FBG selection range is 1530nm-1560nm, can obtain laser output within the range.If selecting core diameter in experiment is that 10/125 μm Yb dosed optical fiber need to choose same model core diameter as gain media, pumping source LD tail optical fiber, wavelength division multiplexer WDM.Pumping source LD is 915nm single-mode output, wavelength division multiplexer WDM operation wavelength 915/1064nm, and bragg grating FBG chooses near 1064nm, can obtain laser output within the range.
The reflection light of bragg grating 103 is irradiated to collimating mirror 106 as incident illumination a through diaphragm 104 and maintains the collimation of light beam, and then collimated light is irradiated on spectro-grating 107 carry out diffraction light splitting, afterwards through imaging lens 108, converges in linear array detector 109.
Spectro-grating 107 can be represented by formula (1)
N λ=d (sin α ± sin β) (1)
Wherein n is the order of spectrum, n=0, ± 1, ± 2....；α is angle of incidence；β is angle of reflection；θ is blaze angle；D is grating constant.
N=0 is zero order spectrum, and now, β with λ is unrelated, i.e. without light splitting effect；N=± 1, ± 2 correspond to first-order spectrum and second order spectrum, and wherein first-order spectrum energy is strong, can be used for realizing light splitting.Grating resolution is unrelated with wavelength, and the spectrum after separation belongs to all arranges spectrum, and the theoretical resolution of grating is the product of grating line number and the order of spectrum time, and formula (2) can be had to represent
R=nN (2)
Being 50mm for width, groove number is the grating of 1200/mm, and the resolution of its first-order spectrum is 6 × 104.
Bragg grating 103 is reflected light as inject light source, which reduce the spectrum width of incident illumination, be obtained in that under conditions of grating resolution determines and be more spaced finer interference fringe.Now slit, diaphragm, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens and linear array detector are adjusted, instructed by input position and control the micro-movement of slit or control spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens and micro-rotation of linear array detector, the locus of incident illumination is adjusted, the light path then inciding imaging lens changes, converge to the striped on linear array detector also occur to change accordingly, finally determine light spectrum image-forming position.
Specifically, following example it is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
In Fig. 2, (a) diagrammatically illustrates the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system using slit translation raising line scan image sensor spectral resolution.As shown in (a) in Fig. 2, being adjusted slit 105, make slit move along shown by arrow b direction, slit moving step length is 0.1 micron, and range of accommodation is between 0-1 centimetre.Slit 105 is adjusted at a high speed by piezoelectric-actuator.Piezoelectric-actuator is controlled by voltage control system, makes light spectrum image-forming move in minimum pixel interval in the position of line scan image sensor.So, the light path inciding imaging lens 108 will change, and converges to the striped on linear array detector 109 and also occurs to change accordingly, in optical path change schematic diagram such as Fig. 2 shown in (b).By regulating the width of optical fiber input slit, it is possible to realize the minute movement of striped, thus reach to improve the effect of measuring accuracy.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 3 schematically shows the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system using collimating mirror fine setting raising detector array spectral resolution.As it is shown on figure 3, collimation mirror 106 is adjusted, making collimating mirror rotate along shown by arrow c direction, the anglec of rotation is counterclockwise or to turn clockwise 10 °-30 °.Collimating mirror 106 is adjusted at a high speed by piezoelectric-actuator.Piezoelectric-actuator is controlled by voltage control system, makes light spectrum image-forming move in minimum pixel interval in the position of line scan image sensor.So, the light path inciding imaging lens 108 will change, and converges to the striped on linear array detector 109 and also occurs to change accordingly.By regulating the anglec of rotation of collimating mirror, it is possible to realize the minute movement of striped, thus reach to improve the effect of measuring accuracy.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 4 schematically shows the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system using fine motion grating raising detector array spectral resolution.As shown in Figure 4, being adjusted spectro-grating 107, make spectro-grating rotate along shown by arrow d direction, the anglec of rotation is counterclockwise or to turn clockwise 10 °-30 °.Spectro-grating 107 is adjusted at a high speed by piezoelectric-actuator.Piezoelectric-actuator is controlled by voltage control system, makes light spectrum image-forming move in minimum pixel interval in the position of line scan image sensor.So, the light path inciding imaging lens 108 will change, and converges to the striped on linear array detector 109 and also occurs to change accordingly.By regulating the anglec of rotation of spectro-grating, it is possible to realize the minute movement of striped, thus reach to improve the effect of measuring accuracy.
Embodiment 4
Fig. 5 schematically shows the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system using imaging lens fine setting raising detector array spectral resolution.As it is shown in figure 5, be adjusted imaging lens 108, making spectro-grating rotate along shown by arrow e direction, the anglec of rotation is counterclockwise or to turn clockwise 10 °-30 °.Imaging lens 108 is adjusted at a high speed by piezoelectric-actuator.Piezoelectric-actuator is controlled by voltage control system, makes light spectrum image-forming move in minimum pixel interval in the position of line scan image sensor, converges to the striped on linear array detector 109 and also occurs to change accordingly.By regulating the anglec of rotation of imaging lens, it is possible to realize the minute movement of striped, thus reach to improve the effect of measuring accuracy.
Embodiment 5
Fig. 6 schematically shows the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system using linear array detector fine setting raising detector array spectral resolution.As it is shown in figure 5, linear array detector 109 is adjusted, spectro-grating is made to move left and right along shown by arrow f direction.Slit moving step length is 0.1 micron, and range of accommodation is between 0-1 centimetre.Linear array detector 109 is adjusted at a high speed by piezoelectric-actuator.Piezoelectric-actuator is controlled by voltage control system, makes light spectrum image-forming move in minimum pixel interval in the position of line scan image sensor.By regulating the anglec of rotation of linear array detector, it is possible to realize the minute movement of striped, thus reach to improve the effect of measuring accuracy.
Embodiment 6
Fig. 7 schematically shows the structural representation of the optical fiber grating regulating system improving detector array spectral resolution.As it is shown in fig. 7, be finely adjusted at least two in slit, diaphragm, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens and linear array detector, described slit, diaphragm, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens and linear array detector are adjusted at a high speed by piezoelectric-actuator.Piezoelectric-actuator is controlled by voltage control system, makes light spectrum image-forming move in minimum pixel interval in the position of line scan image sensor.By regulation slit, diaphragm, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens and the anglec of rotation of linear array detector, thus reach to improve the effect of measuring accuracy.
Fig. 8 schematically shows the flow chart of the feedback of the optical fiber grating regulating system improving line scan image sensor spectral resolution according to the present invention.Concrete control method is as follows:
First, step 801, piezoelectric-actuator regulates to least significant end, and this voltage is initial adjustment voltage；
Step 802, record least significant end spectroscopic data is initial spectrum；
Step 803, half step distance regulation piezoelectric element, piezoelectric element is position servo, is instructed by input position, regulates slit, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens or linear array detector respectively, calculates current light spectrum and initial spectrum.When regulation Gaussian image displacement on CCD arrives a pixel wide, i.e. complete single pass, each measurement data of single pass interpolation respectively, form a curve the most smooth.Its processing procedure is such, and the output of pixel is the subsection integral to light intensity curve, when there being 256 pixels, then can obtain 256 subsection integral values: { I0, I1, I2 ... ..I255}, when pixel scans along a direction fine motion, obtain another ordered series of numbers: I0 ', I1 ', I2 ' ... ..I255 ' }, before this ordered series of numbers, go the former, obtain: I0 '-I0, I1 '-I1, I2 '-I2, ... I255 '-I255, }, i.e. { G1-G0, G2-G1, G3-G2 ... }.Wherein G0 represents the light intensity true value (attention is 0 position, rather than the light majorant for integral in pixel dimension) of the 0th position, and G1 represents the light intensity value of 1 position.This ordered series of numbers is sued for peace, obtain G1-G0, G2-G0, G3-G0 ... G255-G0}, so obtain is the new value after finely tuning for the first time, and followed by the new value after second time fine setting, if having finely tuned n times, just obtains the interpolation of n times.
Step 804, regulation voltage during degree of association peak value is recorded as adjusting voltage eventually first；
Step 805, is divided into some grades by initial adjustment voltage and whole tune between voltage, determines displacement or the anglec of rotation of spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens or linear array detector of slit according to each grade.
Step 806, returns step 803, and each grade is all measured, to obtain higher spatial resolution by demodulation every time.
Fig. 9 (a)-9 (c) shows that the present invention regulates slit, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens or linear array detector and improves the principle of spectral space resolution.Fig. 9 (a) shows that light intensity is one-dimensional Gaussian curve scattergram in space.One light intensity is that the light beam that is distributed of one-dimensional Gaussian curve is irradiated on a ccd sensor in space, each pixel close-packed arrays of CCD, each pixel is equivalent to perpendicular lattice, and as shown in Fig. 9 (a), the output of pixel is really the integration to the light intensity total amount fallen on a pixel.Owing to discretization is excessive, cause image resolution ratio relatively low, for improving the sampling number of curve, by regulation slit, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens or linear array detector, change Gaussian curve position on ccd sensor, be equivalent to mobile ccd sensor and the diverse location of curve is acquired.The fine setting of slit, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens or linear array detector, is equivalent to the fine position to sensor, thus obtains finer and smoother the portraying of curve.The result figure after repetitive measurement result interpolation after scanning when Fig. 9 (b) is not for regulating slit, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens or linear array detector.Fig. 9 (c) is the result figure after the repetitive measurement result interpolation after scanning when regulation slit, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens or linear array detector.From Fig. 9 (b) and 9 (c), regulation slit, spectro-grating, collimating mirror, imaging lens or linear array detector, when regulation Gaussian image displacement on CCD arrives a pixel wide, i.e. complete single pass, each measurement data of single pass interpolation respectively, form a curve the most smooth.
In conjunction with explanation and the practice of the present invention disclosed here, other embodiments of the present invention are all easy to for those skilled in the art to expect and understand.Illustrating and embodiment is to be considered only as exemplary, true scope and the purport of the present invention are all defined in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. one kind uses the optical fiber light that fine motion detector array improves line scan image sensor spectral resolution
Grid demodulating system, described demodulating system includes pumping source, wavelength division multiplexer, bragg grating, light
Door screen, slit, collimating mirror, spectro-grating, imaging lens and linear array detector, piezoelectric-actuator and voltage
Control system,
Wherein said pumping source, wavelength division multiplexer and bragg grating are sequentially connected with, and described wavelength-division is multiple
It is simultaneously connected with diaphragm with device,
The light that described pumping source sends is by entering bragg grating, institute after the coupling of wavelength division multiplexer
The reflectance spectrum stating bragg grating enters optical fiber grating regulating system as injecting light,
Inject light by, after slit, passing sequentially through the reflection of collimating mirror, spectro-grating, imaging lens, finally
Converge on linear array detector,
Wherein said linear array detector moves left and right slight distance along its long axis direction.
2. optical fiber grating regulating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said linear array detector moves
Scope is between 0-1 centimetre.
3. optical fiber grating regulating system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said linear array detector passes through
Piezoelectric-actuator adjusts at a high speed.
4. optical fiber grating regulating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mobile slight distance
Method is as follows:
A) piezoelectric-actuator regulates to least significant end, and this voltage is initial adjustment voltage；
B) record least significant end spectroscopic data is initial spectrum；
C) half step distance regulation piezoelectric-actuator, calculates current light spectrum and initial spectrum, and described piezoelectricity performs
Element is position servo, instructs control line array detector by input position and carries out micro-movement, to incidence
The locus of light is adjusted, and finally determines light spectrum image-forming position；
D) first degree of association peak value time regulation voltage be recorded as eventually adjusting voltage；
E) between voltage, initial adjustment voltage and whole tune being divided into some grades, each grade is all carried out by demodulation every time
Measure, to obtain higher spatial resolution.
5. optical fiber grating regulating system as claimed in claim 4, the tool of wherein said sub-step b)
Body processing procedure is as follows:
When there being 256 pixels, then can obtain 256 subsection integral values: I0, I1,
I2 ... ..I255}, when pixel scans along a direction fine motion, obtain another ordered series of numbers: I0 ', I1 ',
I2 ' ... ..I255 ' }, before this ordered series of numbers, go the former, obtain: I0 '-I0, I1 '-I1,
I2 '-I2 ... I255 '-I255, i.e. G1-G0, G2-G1, G3-G2 ... }；Wherein G0 represents
The light intensity true value of the 0th position, G1 represents the light intensity value of 1 position；This ordered series of numbers is sued for peace, obtains
G1-G0, G2-G0, G3-G0 ... G255-G0}, so obtain is new after for the first time fine setting
New value after value, followed by second time fine setting, if having finely tuned n times, just obtains the interpolation of n times.
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| CN105890759B (en) | 2018-03-09 |
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