CN105886698A - Energy-saving, environment-friendly and optimal-design efficient novel technology for short-process steelmaking - Google Patents
Energy-saving, environment-friendly and optimal-design efficient novel technology for short-process steelmaking Download PDFInfo
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- CN105886698A CN105886698A CN201510043206.7A CN201510043206A CN105886698A CN 105886698 A CN105886698 A CN 105886698A CN 201510043206 A CN201510043206 A CN 201510043206A CN 105886698 A CN105886698 A CN 105886698A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving, environment-friendly and optimal-design efficient novel technology for short-process steelmaking. According to an electric arc furnace energy-saving and environment-friendly technology, a traditional three-stage-operation electric arc furnace steelmaking technology is high in pollution and energy consumption and low in energy efficiency. The energy-saving and environment-friendly efficient novel technology for short-process steelmaking is optimally designed for saving energy, protecting the environment and improving efficiency. Due to the fact that oxygen use is enhanced and powder is sprayed for increasing carbon, secondary combustion in a furnace is controlled, chemical sensible heat of a molten pool is increased, electric energy is saved, scrap steel melting is accelerated, and efficiency is improved; the function of the electric arc furnace is differentiated so that the electric arc furnace becomes an efficient primary smelting device, a guarantee is provided for smoothly releasing the capacity in the subsequent processes of furnace external refining and continuous casting and continuous rolling; and the technological processes are conducted for treatment from the source, and therefore the technology can become an environment-friendly, energy-saving, emission-reducing and green-manufacturing model.
Description
Technical field
Electric-arc furnace steelmaking energy-conserving and environment-protective technology
Background designs
When tradition three phase operation electric arc furnaces produces, first bell is rotated and open, add steel scrap by several times.When using three-phase ac electric arc furnace, between electrode, produce high-temperature electric arc with steel scrap for medium, heat melting waste steel.Space can be formed after scrap melting in stove, now can continue to add steel scrap.During this, electric arc is that directly striking is to steel scrap in atmosphere, and load variations is very big, and produces huge noise pollution.After installing the steel scrap needed for the tap of regulation, steel scrap is completely melt to carry out molten steel composition adjustment, and molten steel temperature is brought up to set point of temperature.The reason of slag is had: arc-covering slag operation, load variations reduces, and noise also reduces during this.When molten steel temperature reaches regulation, tapping that body of heater is leaned forward.Electric arc heated can not only be used in electric arc furnaces, also by auxiliary thermal sources such as oxygen blast and addition coke, promote that steel scrap accelerates fusing, the high temperature CO after burning or CO2Can drain into outside stove.Sometimes these gas temperatures can be up to 1200 DEG C.Waste gas, owing to contacting with stove outer air, can be made CO produce second-time burning, after being cooled down by waste gas groove, be imported into dust arrester.The high temperature heat of result waste gas is not utilized and just wastes.
For many years, electric furnace steel making brainstrust is devoted to the research of scrap steel preheating system, the most just creates various ways and the method for preheating scrap furnace charge.But compared with recovering effect, not only increase maintenance cost, and because in steel scrap, the imperfect combustion of the impurity such as oil-containing, plastics and rubber can produce the dioxin such as white cigarette and stench and generates problem, in addition the recent increasingly stringent management and control to environmental protection, the electric furnace of the most traditional three phases operation is little to re-use this kind of scrap steel preheating retracting device.
Showing off one's talent or competence and chemical heat containing substantial amounts of in the high-temperature flue gas produced during electric-arc furnace steelmaking, electric arc furnaces oxygen is continually strengthened, and produces a large amount of high-temperature flue gas and makes heat loss increase, and ton steel band walks heat more than 150KW.h/t.This is maximum part energy loss in arc furnace smelting procedure, and abundant this portion of energy of recovery is carried out preheating scrap iron charge and power consumption can be greatly lowered.
Utilizing the heat entrained by flue gas to carry out preheating scrap is one of energy-saving and cost-reducing important measures of electric-arc furnace steelmaking.
The progress of society and the continuous growth of human demand, the historical accumulation amount of various countries' iron and steel reaches the most considerable degree, and increases the most at a terrific speed.
Since having steel products, the crude steel produced by the whole world is added year by year, and the output of steel of gained is accumulated to 2013 more than 50,000,000,000 tons.
Along with accumulative being continuously increased of world wide steel production, scrap iron and steel resource cumulative year after year, the scrap iron and steel constantly produced passes through the recovery of economy, melting down melting can Reusability.Saying in a sense, this is an inexhaustible iron resource.
Steel scrap, as efficient resource energy carrier, can repeat the raw material recycled, have more advantage in producing as iron and steel.
Scrap iron and steel as secondary iron resource is the discarded object that mankind's activity produces, and this discarded object gradually can increase along with the acceleration of process of industrialization.
Recycle scrap iron and steel to be possible not only to improve and environment purification, save disposable iron resource, but also production cost can be reduced.
In terms of industry and business perspective, steel scrap industry currently trends towards the manufacturing center of product made from steel, the large-scale steel scrap of neighbouring construction is collected and is processed, the base of processing, there is the feature in the strongest set of regions, do so both can solve substantial amounts of transportation problem, also solves scrap iron and steel simultaneously and piles up occupation of land and problem of environmental pollution.
The maturity period of Modern Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking technology need to experience a longer historical stage.Even if the resource exhaustion such as ore, coking coal, steel scrap becomes unique raw material, being still that in terms of raw material ferrite material adds carbon materials, steel scrap becomes unique iron element raw material, and having been carried out dusting in the developed country that scrap resources is abundant at present adds the form of carbon raw.
In steel scrap cyclic process, the enrichment problem of harmful tramp element, in steel products, the damaging effect of mechanical property is recognized by the tramp element such as copper, tin, arsenic, antimony, bismuth the most clearly.
Along with the proposition of clean steel concept, the total amount of Residual Deleterious Elements would be required to be reduced to 0.0050%-0.010% (50-100PPM) below.So in addition to smelting process is proposed new requirement, the pure property of raw material also be will further improve.But then, being continuously increased of continuous casting ratio, make the ratio of high-quality recirculating scrap increasingly reduce, the society mixed reclaims the ratio of steel scrap to be increased year by year.Various non-ferrous metal, in addition magnetic material and a large amount of uses of composite are especially widely used in the electronic building brick of the product such as automobile, household electrical appliances, making it difficult to the product separated that disintegrates constantly increases.
This just makes in the old metal of recovery containing more impurity.As copper content can reach 0.4-2.5%；Theil indices is more than 0.3%.The trend of this continuous circulation collection makes the control of harmful tramp element in steel scrap more and more difficult.
In the short term, EAF steelmaking plant is promoted in the range of the impurity content of molten steel can drop to allow by the blast-melted technology of hot charging, also can alleviate steel scrap shortage and the high problem of steel scrap price to a certain extent.
In the long term, be expand the pollution face of metal and add after the difficulty of process when recycling.
Additionally, molten iron dilution method only make use of ferrous metal therein, and a large amount of Cu, Sn, As, Sb, Bi, Cr, Ni, Mo, wait valuable element to be utilized effectively.
Modernization high-performance new steel grade has been not limited solely to S, O, P, H, N to the control of harmful element in steel, the impact of the residual deleterious elements such as Cu, Pb, Sn, As must also be considered, molten steel removing sulfuldioxide is best suited for the residual deleterious element processing method of large-scale production, Tong Bu can carry out with steelmaking process, the further research and discussion but the method is still needed.Carrying out the pretreatment of solid-state steel scrap by the broken apart technology of steel scrap is wise selection.
For increasing physical thermal, the advantage using scrap steel preheating technology is it is well known that this is the contribution of external metallargist, and electric furnace adds partial molten iron smelts the contribution being China metallargist to modern Electric Furnace Steelmaking development.
Producing molten iron with melting and reducing and replace blast-melted, the beneficially utilization of resources and environmental protection, is a kind of technological progress, and DRI/HBI, as the substitute of the pig iron, beneficially environmental protection, is also a kind of technological progress.
In terms of environmental angle, scrap steel preheating must take into pernicious gas CO, two English (Dioxin) and furans (Funan) equal size in discharge waste gas, material indigo plant preheating is eliminated because pernicious gas exceeds standard, and Ecoarc technology and Baden, Germany steel mill furnace technology can make two English and furan emissions amount less than 0.1ngTEQ/m3(mark), meeting Japan's environmental requirement relevant with Europe, become eco-friendly furnace technology, Ecoarc electric furnace is under the conditions of full scrap smelting simultaneously, smelts and shortens to 35min the same period, and power consumption is 30m in oxygen consumption3/ t reaches 250kw.h/t under the conditions of (mark), productivity ratio reaches 100t/h.
Within the smelting cycle of modern electric furnace reaches 30min, suitable with the converter smelting cycle, can mate with continuous casting, it is achieved sequence casting.
Height in furnace charge is joined carbon and uses supersonic speed water cooled oxygen lance intensifying oxygen injection to flux, the heat that in modern EAF, element oxide produces is made to account for about the 1/3 of total amount of heat input, fuel oxygen burner is provided that again the energy input of 10%-20%, and these can substantially reduce the consumption of electric energy.
Replace electric energy can improve comprehensive utilization of energy rate with primary energy such as coal, combustion oil and gases in electric arc furnaces.Owing to height joins carbon and the produced a large amount of CO gases of intensifying oxygen injection operation, chemical energy therein is converted into heat energy by second-time burning, and the safety dumping of beneficially furnace gas.
But CO can only be converted into CO by the second-time burning in stove2In about 30% heat pass to molten bath, remaining heat is stayed in exhaust.The sensible heat of about 50% in furnace gas then can be reclaimed by scrap steel preheating.
Electric furnace is from being born the most more than 100 years, and in these more than hundred years, the equipment of electric furnace, technology are evolving, and yield constantly improves, and steel scrap electric furnace steel making flow process demonstrates the sustainable development of economic benefit and environmental advantage, beneficially steel and iron industry.
Human survival be unable to do without surrounding environment with procreation, and environment is most important to human survival and development, and the most energy-conservation is eternal theme with environmental protection.
Summary of the invention
Utilize rotary kiln as furnace charge add and preheating device, discharge electric arc furnaces high-temperature flue gas in combustible constituent again burn elimination pollute, preheating furnace charge by control revolution kiln atmosphere iron oxide in furnace charge reduce, increase recovery rate of iron.
Ferriferous oxide reduction reaction chemical formula is:
FeO+CO=MFe+CO2
Invention electric arc furnaces feeding device utilizes shaft furnace, and using shaft furnace as the reaction compartment of second-time burning, to ensure that height produces excess carbon monoxide at top, molten bath combustion heat release when joining carbon, strengthening oxygen, increases molten bath chemistry sensible heat, saves electric energy.The safety being additionally favorable for furnace gas is discharged.
Reaction between carbon and oxygen chemical formula:
C+2O2=CO+CO2
Invention electric arc furnace roof rotary distributing device, prevents the unexpected slump of the steel scrap bed of material from touching broken Electrode, and cloth is uniform, forming steady molten bath, the impact to electrical network is little, and totally-enclosed design makes furnace high-temperature flue gas can only pass through the bed of material in distribution cabins, electric arc furnaces could be discharged after carrying out heat exchange, enter in rotary kiln.High temperature heat radiation loss is down to minimum, and electric arc furnaces refractory consumption is had bigger benefit.
Invention utilizes Gas sealing technology, makes rotary kiln and shaft furnace junction positive pressure operation stop flue gas and escape, improves working conditions, protects environment air conservation, reach the process for producing steel and iron of environmental friendliness, green manufacturing from watershed management.
Invent tapping set at the bottom of electric arc furnaces, make the manufacture of electric arc furnaces, safeguard very simple, improve electric arc furnaces production efficiency, it is to avoid body of heater has fascinated the mechanical breakdown of tapping, lays the first stone for safety in production.
The operation of tradition three phase electric arc furnaces economic indicator 2.6.6, i.e. smelting cycle more than 200 minute, power mono-consumption more than 600 is spent, unit consumption of electrode 6 several kilograms.
Modern EAF economic indicator 6.4.2, i.e. smelting cycle about more than 60 minute, power consumption about 400 degree, unit consumption of electrode about 2 kilograms.
Continuously pre-heating electric furnace, economic indicator 5.3.1, i.e. smelting cycle about more than 50 minute, power consumption more than 300 degree, unit consumption of electrode 1 about several kilograms.
Mini-mill steelmaking energy-saving and environmental protection, the efficient new technology of optimization design, economic indicator 3.2.1, i.e. smelting cycle about 30 minutes, power consumption more than 200 spends unit consumption of electrode 1 about several kilograms.
Utilize ripe rotary kiln as charge preheating and the device of electric arc furnaces fume treatment, at furnace roof, shaft furnace is set as the feeder adding steel scrap furnace charge, and provide reaction compartment for second-time burning, chemistry sensible heat in molten bath below increase, end tapping steel is the manufacture of arc furnace equipment, safeguards the process conditions providing good safety.Reaching the technical merit of high efficiency, high-quality, energy-conserving and environment-protective, the comprehensive technique guorantee being dependent on multinomial advanced person is accomplished.
Recent years novel furnace, new technology emerge in an endless stream, simultaneously also provide broad space for its development innovation.
Technical-economic index is greatly improved, within electric power consumption per ton steel drops to 300KW.h.
Ton steel electrode consumption drop to 1 kilogram more, the tapping time drops to more than 40 minute.
The biggest economical and technical benefit can be obtained, be not to can be achieved with by single technological improvement, but the integrated application of multinomial technology, existing equipment aspect, also there is the extensive application of process aspect, particularly alternative energy source, be electric energy and chemical energy integrated application.The epoch of AC and DC electric arc stove converterization operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Existing electric-arc furnace steelmaking by " old three phases " process modification to without reduction period novel process for smelting.Solve poor efficiency that EAF steelmaking technology runs in development, highly energy-consuming, the problem such as high pollution, rely on and work in concert between electric-arc furnace steelmaking factory and equipment manufacturers.Electric-arc furnace steelmaking workshop for the most aging backwardness of process technology equipment carries out modernization restructuring, is done some training very often by cultivation, veteran operating personnel, and grasping later technology is successful key.
Existing electric-arc furnace steelmaking shop is become modernization, and high efficiency that production cost is low, high-quality, the mini-mill steelmaking workshop of energy-conserving and environment-protective, be great historic mission 21 century giving steel and iron industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing of patent of the present invention is the generalized section of this technological process.
Claims (6)
1. electric arc furnaces, shaft furnace, rotary kiln, waste gas treatment equipment, OVERALL OPTIMIZA-TION DESIGN FOR scheme.
2. electromagnetic brake EMBR is set at rotary kiln, shaft furnace, controls the steel scrap bed of material, add speed, preheating temperature techniques.
3. utilizing molten bath pyroreaction to produce superfluous CO, the comprehensive energy as preheating scrap furnace charge second-time burning utilizes technology.
4. furnace high-temperature fume afterheat utilizes, and by reducing atmosphere in oxygen burner control rotary kiln, zinc class alloy technology is reclaimed in selective reduction.
5. rotary kiln and the air seal of shaft furnace junction, shaft furnace and bell water-cooled design.
6., according to institute's steelmaking kind, utilize existing raw material, automatic blending, least cost intellectuality to make steel and set and most preferably melt gravimetric technique.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510043206.7A CN105886698A (en) | 2015-01-24 | 2015-01-24 | Energy-saving, environment-friendly and optimal-design efficient novel technology for short-process steelmaking |
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| CN201510043206.7A CN105886698A (en) | 2015-01-24 | 2015-01-24 | Energy-saving, environment-friendly and optimal-design efficient novel technology for short-process steelmaking |
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| CN105886698A true CN105886698A (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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| CN201510043206.7A Pending CN105886698A (en) | 2015-01-24 | 2015-01-24 | Energy-saving, environment-friendly and optimal-design efficient novel technology for short-process steelmaking |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108642237A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-10-12 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steelmaking equipment |
| CN108866270A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steelmaking equipment |
| WO2023059277A3 (en) * | 2021-10-10 | 2023-06-22 | Çolakoğlu Metalurji̇ Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ | Method for if-interstitial free steel production using scrap in arc furnace facilities |
Citations (2)
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| CN202717792U (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2013-02-06 | 沈阳博联特熔融还原科技有限公司 | Device for producing direct reduction iron by short process |
| CN103266194A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-28 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Shaft furnace-electric arc furnace direct reduced iron continuous hot-feeding device and feeding control method |
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2015
- 2015-01-24 CN CN201510043206.7A patent/CN105886698A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202717792U (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2013-02-06 | 沈阳博联特熔融还原科技有限公司 | Device for producing direct reduction iron by short process |
| CN103266194A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-28 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Shaft furnace-electric arc furnace direct reduced iron continuous hot-feeding device and feeding control method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 刘新成: "多级废钢预热竖炉电弧炉", 《特殊钢》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108642237A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-10-12 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steelmaking equipment |
| CN108866270A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steelmaking equipment |
| WO2023059277A3 (en) * | 2021-10-10 | 2023-06-22 | Çolakoğlu Metalurji̇ Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ | Method for if-interstitial free steel production using scrap in arc furnace facilities |
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Application publication date: 20160824 |