CN105885736B - 一种高性能高分子材料、其制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

一种高性能高分子材料、其制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN105885736B
CN105885736B CN201610265816.6A CN201610265816A CN105885736B CN 105885736 B CN105885736 B CN 105885736B CN 201610265816 A CN201610265816 A CN 201610265816A CN 105885736 B CN105885736 B CN 105885736B
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种高分子材料，由以下组分按照重量分数组成：聚氯乙烯糊树脂（聚合度1000）99‑120份、增塑剂体系77‑99份，发泡剂体系2.1‑3.3份，菜籽油6.5‑ 8.5份；碳酸钙0‑20份，甲壳素10‑18份，纳米二氧化钛3.2‑4.8份。本发明原料相互配合，制备的密封胶无论从表观、理化指标还是性能指标，都达到了优异的效果。同时，因为本发明中添加了甲壳素和纳米氧化钛等非常用的原料，因此在制备方法中严格限定了原料的添加顺序和添加量，使制备的密封胶性能优异。

Description

一种高性能高分子材料、其制备方法及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料及其制备技术领域，涉及一种环保、安全的食品包装用高分子材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
包装瓶作为一种常用的食品包装材料，在食品包装领域用量巨大，在包装瓶的瓶盖中会使用到密封胶，密封胶的质量好坏，直接影响到食品的安全性能，有些密封胶虽然有很好的密封性能，但是材料中添加了很多有毒的原料，例如邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂、环氧类增塑剂等，对食品安全带来了很大的隐患，有些虽然使用了环保的增塑剂，但是制备的密封胶性能一般。同时，有些食品包装、特别是一些玻璃瓶，在完成首次使用后，使用者会持续使用，但是在使用过程中瓶盖内会滋生细菌，同样带来了很大的安全隐患。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供一种安全、无毒、性能优异且具有抗菌性能的高分子材料。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种高分子材料，由以下组分按照重量分数组成：
聚氯乙烯糊树脂(聚合度1000)99-120份、增塑剂体系77-99份，发泡剂体系2.1-3.3份，菜籽油6.5-8.5份；碳酸钙0-20份，甲壳素10-18份，纳米二氧化钛3.2-4.8份。
所述增塑剂体系是由乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和环氧大豆油按照1.2:1的比例组成。
所述发泡剂体系为碳酸氢钠和可膨胀微球发泡剂按照1:2的比例组成。
一种如上所述的高分子材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
1)将增塑剂体系中的1/2的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯、菜籽油和甲壳素在500转/分钟的条件下充分混合均匀；之后加入聚氯乙烯糊树脂，在1500转/分钟条件下充分混匀；
2)将剩余的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和环氧大豆油在600转/分钟的条件下混合均匀，之后，将碳酸钙和纳米二氧化钛依次加入，在3000转/分钟的条件下充分混匀；
3)将步骤1和2得到的原料混合到一起，在40℃、2500转/分钟的条件下充分混匀；
4)将步骤3)得到的混合物在真空条件下脱气。
所述的高分子材料用于制备食品瓶盖密封胶，具体的是将高分子材料在瓶盖内侧密封面上注胶，之后在250℃下加热成型。
可膨胀微球发泡剂：型号：F-77D日本松本油脂株式会社
本发明有益效果：本发明的密封胶原料采用完全无毒原料、未添加邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂、环氧类增塑剂，在保证了本发明具有优良的密封性前提下，大大提高了本发明的安全性能；本发明严格控制各原料及原料的用量，不但可以满足发泡倍率较高、泡孔密度均匀的效果，而且制备的密封胶软硬度合适、密封效果好；原料中添加了菜籽油的加入，可以使材料更加润滑，同时，菜籽油为天然原料，安全卫生；碳酸氢钠和可膨胀微球发泡剂按比例复配，相互配合，发泡效果优异；乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和环氧大豆油按比例复配使用，大大提高了密封胶表面质量；甲壳素和纳米二氧化钛的使用，在不破坏密封胶硬度和密封效果的前提下，大大提高了密封胶的抗菌性能。
本发明原料相互配合，制备的密封胶无论从表观、理化指标还是性能指标，都达到了优异的效果。同时，因为本发明中添加了甲壳素和纳米氧化钛等非常用的原料，因此在制备方法中严格限定了原料的添加顺序和添加量，使制备的密封胶性能优异。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。在不背离本发明精神和实质的情况下，对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的修改或替换，均属于本发明的保护范围。
若未特别指明，实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
按照表1中的原料制备高分子材料，制备方法为：
1)将增塑剂体系中的1/2的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯、菜籽油和甲壳素在500转/分钟的条件下充分混合均匀；之后加入聚氯乙烯糊树脂，在1500转/分钟条件下充分混匀；
2)将剩余的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和环氧大豆油在600转/分钟的条件下混合均匀，之后，将碳酸钙和纳米二氧化钛依次加入，在3000转/分钟的条件下充分混匀；
3)将步骤1和2得到的原料混合到一起，在40℃、2500转/分钟的条件下充分混匀；
4)将步骤3)得到的混合物在真空条件下脱气。
5)使用时，将高分子材料在瓶盖内侧密封面上注胶，之后在250℃下加热成型。
表1原料配比表
从表1中可以看出，本发明实施例1-3的配比的原料制备的密封胶表面质量好。
将实施例1-3制备的密封胶进行理化指标和性能测试，测试结果如表2和表3所示，
表2理化指标：
蒸发残渣，mg/L 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
20％乙醇(60℃，0.5h迁移量) 15 14 15
4％乙酸(60℃，0.5h迁移量) 14 12 16
正己烷(20℃，0.5h) 108 98 105
表3性能测试：
从表2和表3中可以看出，本发明实施例1-3制备的密封胶的迁移量低，同时，拉伸强度高、耐低温、耐油、耐老化，性能优异。
抗菌性能检测
以金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)ATCC 6538和大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)ATCC 25922为检测对象，对本发明实施例1-3制备的密封胶进行抗菌实验；抗霉菌实验以黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)ATCC 6275、土曲霉(Aspergillusterreus)AS 3.3935、绳状青霉(Penicillium funicolosum)AS 3.3875为检测对象，具体方法按照：QB/T2591-2003A，结果如表4所示：
表4抗菌实验结果
由此可见，本发明制备的密封胶各原料相互配合，具有良好的抑菌效果，特别是实施例2制备的密封胶，达到了非常优异的抑菌效果。
上述实施方案为本发明最佳的实施方案，但本发明的实施方案并不受上述实施方案的限制，其他的任何不违背本发明原理的条件下，可以通过改变参数的形式所产生的实施例，都包含于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种高分子材料，其特征在于，由以下组分按照重量份数制备而成：
聚合度为1000的聚氯乙烯糊树脂99-120份、增塑剂体系77-99份，发泡剂体系2.1-3.3份，菜籽油6.5-8.5份；碳酸钙0-20份，甲壳素10-18份，纳米二氧化钛3.2-4.8份；所述增塑剂体系是由乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和环氧大豆油按照1.2:1的比例组成；所述发泡剂体系为碳酸氢钠和可膨胀微球发泡剂按照1:2的比例组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高分子材料，其特征在于，由以下组分按照重量份数制备而成：
聚合度为1000的聚氯乙烯糊树脂110份、增塑剂体系88份，发泡剂体系2.7份，菜籽油7份；碳酸钙5份，甲壳素14份，纳米二氧化钛4.0份。
3.一种权利要求1或2所述的高分子材料的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
1）将增塑剂体系中的1/2的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯、菜籽油和甲壳素在500转/分钟的条件下充分混合均匀；之后加入聚氯乙烯糊树脂，在1500转/分钟条件下充分混匀；
2）将剩余的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和环氧大豆油在600转/分钟的条件下混合均匀，之后，将碳酸钙和纳米二氧化钛依次加入，在3000转/分钟的条件下充分混匀；
3）将步骤1和2得到的原料混合到一起，在40℃、2500转/分钟的条件下充分混匀；
4）将步骤3）得到的混合物在真空条件下脱气。
4.一种权利要求1或2所述的高分子材料的用途，其特征在于，用于制备食品瓶盖密封胶。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途，其特征在于，具体的是将高分子材料在瓶盖内侧密封面上注胶，之后在250℃下加热成型。
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