CN105880815A - Tube plate angle joint aided welding device and welding method - Google Patents
Tube plate angle joint aided welding device and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105880815A CN105880815A CN201610424192.8A CN201610424192A CN105880815A CN 105880815 A CN105880815 A CN 105880815A CN 201610424192 A CN201610424192 A CN 201610424192A CN 105880815 A CN105880815 A CN 105880815A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
- B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
- B23K9/0288—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams for welding of tubes to tube plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tube plate angle joint aided welding device and a welding method. The aided welding device comprises a metal plate, a metal pipe and process bars, wherein a hole through which the end of the metal pipe penetrates is formed in the metal plate; the side walls of the hole are K-shaped grooves; the end of the metal pipe penetrates through the hole in the metal plate; the end face of the metal pipe is coplanar to the front side of the metal plate; the process bars are fixed on the front side of the metal plate and are in contact with the end face of the metal pipe; a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the metal pipe and the hole wall of the metal plate. The welding method comprises the following steps: welding to 2/3-4/5 of the groove depth on the inner side, turning and welding outside weld joint until full welding is realized, and finally completing residual welding on the inner side. The welding device disclosed by the invention can control welding deformation of the tube plate, has attractive weld joint appearance and inner quality and is applicable to welding of similar parts in the fields of similar rail transit and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tube sheet corner joint auxiliary welding device and welding method, belong to Tube-sheet Welding
Technical field.
Background technology
For the middle thick sheet metal welding that thickness is 10mm 25mm, no matter it is banjo fixing butt jointing or T
Type joint, many employing K-type groove weldings, to reach the purpose of welding by both sides double-faced forming, especially tube sheet pair
The K-type weld seam connect, by the way of using frock or laminated metal sheet compression, can be easier to reduce its deformation,
Its welding manner has the multiple welding method such as submerged-arc welding, MAG weldering (metal active gas welding),
But the K-type groove welding method for tube sheet corner connection did not the most relate to.
The difficult point of the K-type weld seam of tube sheet corner connection is welding deformation and internal flaw, vertical particularly with having
Degree and the parts of planarity requirements, more should control welding deformation.Cause the main cause of welding deformation
Being that the heat input in welding process is uneven causes welding residual stress.Affect welding residual stress and distortion
Because have 2 points:
One is weld seam and the scope of non-uniform heat flux and degree about, i.e. produces scope and the journey of thermal deformation
Degree;
Two is the rigidity of weldment itself and the degree restrained by surrounding, i.e. stops weld seam and heating about
The degree of produced thermal deformation.
Owing to this type of weld seam is critical welding seams, postwelding needs to carry out magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic examination, holds
Easily find internal containing defects such as pore, crackle, slag inclusion, position fusions, give to reprocess and make troubles, impact
Welding part quality stability, the main cause that these defects produce has: weld preheating temperature is improper,
Before weldering, polishing cleaning is not clean, and interlayer temperature controls not, and welding parameter is improper.
Chinese patent application CN102513713A discloses a kind of stainless steel clad metal plate pressing pressure container
Housing and plug-in type rustless steel connect the welding method of metal tube, and it comprises the steps:
A), on stainless steel clad metal plate pressing pressure container casing, offer rustless steel and connect the metal of metal tube
Pore, is processed into K-type or a groove of single V-type by metal tube hole wall;
B), on a groove face with high chromium nickel stainless steel welding rod built-up welding certain thickness transition sealing coat,
Form secondary groove;
C), the stainless steel clad metal plate pressing pressure container casing of heap postwelding is carried out hidden lino removal;
D), weld with the stainless steel electrode of same material according to the material of the rustless steel cladding on clad metal sheet
Rustless steel connects the corner joint of metal tube and stainless steel clad metal sheetpile interpass.Due to first at rustless steel
With high chromium-nickel electrode built-up welding certain thickness transition sealing coat on groove of clad metal sheet basic unit side,
Then weld corner joint with stainless steel electrode, be rustless steel composition by carbon steel or low alloy steel composition transition,
The transition that plastic property of weld bead is ascending, it is to avoid the generation of crackle, serviceability is reliable.
But this kind of welding connects the weldering between metal tube just for dissimilar steel or Stainless Steel Shell and rustless steel
Connect, built-up welding transition deposition sealing coat in the K-type the most also offered in Stainless Steel Shell or double V-groove,
Carry out the welding of tube sheet again, owing to adding transition zone, cause Stress non-homogeneity, easily crack,
Must eliminate welding residual stress by heat treatment, construction technology difficulty is bigger, it is often more important that cannot be thorough
The hidden danger that welding dissimilar materials cracks is eradicated at the end, is only applicable to the relatively thin housing of hickness of metal plate and connects gold
Belong to the welding of pipe, to the Tube-sheet Welding of the middle thick sheet metal carbon steel material of 10 25mm inapplicable.
Summary of the invention
For realizing the K-type groove welding of tube sheet corner connection, and (emphasis is protected to have good weld appearance effect
Demonstrate,prove metal pipe and the perpendicularity of metallic plate and metal pipe end and the flatness of metal plank) and internal
Quality (flawless, pore, slag inclusion, lack of penetration, incomplete fusion), it is desirable to provide a kind of tube sheet
Corner joint auxiliary welding device and welding method, the problem that this welding method first has to solve is how to control
In system, the tube sheet corner joint K-type groove welding deformation of thick sheet metal thickness, becomes such that it is able to control welding
Shape, has good weld appearance and internal soundness, is similar to zero being applicable to the fields such as similar track traffic
The welding of part.Turn-over number of times when problem to be solved is how to reduce welding, and then reduce labor
Fatigue resistance, improves work efficiency.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of tube sheet corner joint auxiliary welding device, including metallic plate and metal tube, it is structurally characterized in that,
Also include process bar;Having the hole passed for metal tube end on described metallic plate, the sidewall in this hole is
K-type groove;The end of described metal tube is through the hole on metallic plate, and the end face of metal tube and metallic plate
Front coplanar;Described process bar is fixed on the front of metallic plate, and with the end contact of metal tube;Institute
State and there is between the outer wall of metal tube and the hole wall of metallic plate gap.
The auxiliary welding device of the present invention can make middle thick sheet metal obtain with the corner connection welding quality of metal tube
Controlling, weld seam reached EN 15085 " rail vehicle and parts thereof through magnetic powder inspection and ultrasonic examination
Welding " in CPB level weldquality requirement, welding deformation has obtained good control.
The end face of metal tube of the present invention and coplanar the referring in the front of metallic plate appear as one at naked eyes
Plane, metal tube end face and metallic plate approximate at grade, it is to avoid the operations such as correction, improves
Work efficiency.
According to embodiments of the invention, it is also possible to the present invention is further optimized, after being below optimization
The technical scheme formed:
Preferably, described metal tube is metal circular tube, and metallic plate is opened circular hole;Preferably metal tube outer wall with
Annular gap between the circular-hole internal-wall of metallic plate is 2mm-3mm;Preferably K-type groove is ring-type K-type pair
Claim groove.
Preferably, described process bar has two;The length of selection process muscle is more than the maximum diameter of metal plate hole
To size at least 100mm;More preferably the length of process bar is more than the maximum radial dimension of metal plate hole
100mm-150mm。
In the present invention, described hickness of metal plate t1 is 10mm-25mm, and metal tube wall thickness t2 is 10mm
50mm。
Preferably, positive and negative bevel angle α of described K-type groove is 45 ° 50 °.
Segmentation welding for convenience, the root of described K-type groove has root face;Preferably length c of this root face
For 1mm-2mm.
A kind of tube sheet corner connection connector welding method, it comprises the steps:
S1, on a metal plate perforate, and on the inwall of hole, process K-type groove;
S2, the front of metallic plate is paved by process bar, and fixed metal plate and process bar;
S3, by metal tube through the hole of metallic plate, between metal tube outer wall and hole inwall, be provided with gap,
And ensure that metal end surfaces is coplanar with the front of metallic plate;
S4, technique for fixing muscle and metal tube, on the V-type slope of the Outboard Sections that metal tube contacts with metallic plate
Spot welding multistage backing weld seam at Kou, and the double V-groove of inboard portion that preheated metallic pipe contacts with metallic plate
And periphery mother metal;Preferably backing weld seam is three sections, and every segment length is 15mm 20mm;
S5, K-type groove root welding bead bottoming inside the hole of metallic plate is welded, after making root pass penetration,
The double V-groove of the Outboard Sections that part weld metal contacts with metallic plate through metal tube, completes backing welding
Connect;
After S6, bottoming welding, the oxide skin on trimming surface, then it is filled with the welding of layer, it is welded to
During at least half of K-type groove depth, turn-over removes process bar, and the outside double V-groove to K-type groove
Root carries out back chipping;
After S7, back chipping complete, weld seam and periphery at the outside double V-groove of K-type groove are preheated, then
Carry out outside multi-layer multi-pass welding, until outer side weld completely fills out, finally complete inside K-type groove surplus
The welding of the remaining degree of depth.
Thus, the welding deformation of inside lateral bend can be produced during weld joint on inner side welding, can produce during the welding of outside
The raw welding deformation bent laterally, both cancel out each other, thus control welding deformation, have good weldering
Seam outward appearance and internal soundness.
Described K-type groove is circular;Preferably positive and negative bevel angle α of K-type groove is 45 °
50°。
In step S6, when being welded to the 2/3 4/5 of K-type groove depth, turn-over removes process bar, in step S7,
The K-type groove remaining inside degree of depth is the 1/5 1/3 of K-type groove depth.
Welding manner is MAG weldering, and protection gas is containing CO2Rich argon protection gas;Preferably Ar and CO2Body
The ratio of fraction is (80% 90%): (10% 20%);The welding wire of preferably MAG weldering is solid welding wire,
A diameter of 1.2mm 1.6mm, gas flow is 15L/min 20L/min, and welding current is 180-
240A, weldingvoltage is 28-32V, and speed of welding is 250mm/min 350mm/min, interlayer temperature
For 50-100 DEG C, in step S4, S7, preheating temperature is 150 DEG C-200 DEG C.
The present invention uses the above-mentioned symmetrical similar tube plate structure of K-type groove welding technique welding, can make middle thickness
Metallic plate is under control with the corner connection welding quality of metal circular tube, and weld seam is visited through magnetic powder inspection and ultrasound wave
Wound has reached CPB level weldquality requirement in EN 15085 " rail vehicle and the welding of parts thereof ", weldering
Connecing deformation and obtained good control, metal circular tube end approximates at grade with steel plate, it is to avoid
The operations such as correction, improve work efficiency.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention uses said method 6KJ/cm
13KJ/cm heat inputs the tube sheetbrace angle welding seam welded, and metal circular tube end and steel plate are substantially same
Plane, deflection is little, and metal circular tube and the perpendicularity of steel plate also keep fine simultaneously, through magnetic powder inspection and
After ultrasonic examination detection, have no open defect, meet CPB level weldquality requirement in EN15085,
Solderless post-equalization or reprocess operation, substantially increases welding efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1.
In the drawings
1-metallic plate, 2-metal tube;3-process bar;4-K type symmetry groove;5-root;A-metallic plate
Front.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing and describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that not
In the case of conflict, the embodiment in the present invention and the feature in embodiment can be mutually combined.For narration
Convenient, hereinafter as occurred " on ", D score, "left", "right" printed words, only represent and accompanying drawing itself
Direction, upper and lower, left and right is consistent, and structure does not play restriction effect.
A kind of tube sheet corner joint K-type groove MAG welding method, sequentially includes the following steps:
1) machining equipment centering thick sheet metal (metallic plate 1 in Fig. 1) is used to process ring-type K-type groove, excellent
Elect K-type symmetry groove as.Positive and negative bevel angle α of K-type symmetry groove is 45 ° 50 °, root
It is 1 2mm that portion leaves root face c;
1) machining equipment processing metal tube, metal tube 2 in Fig. 1, preferably metal circular tube, round metal are used
Pipe outside dimension is less than metallic plate subring shape K-type groove internal diameter 2 3mm;
2) use machining equipment to process two sectional dimensions and be more than metal plank more than 50 × 50mm, length
The process bar 3 of ring-type K-type groove 100 150mm;
3) being paved by 2 process bar 3 by metallic plate 1, process bar 3 and the front of metallic plate 1 are fixed in spot welding;
4) metal tube 2 is penetrated metallic plate 1, it is ensured that metal tube 2 and metallic plate 1 are at grade, it is ensured that
Metal tube 2 is 2 3mm with the looping pit fit-up gap b of metallic plate 1;
5) process bar 3 and metal tube 2 are fixed in spot welding, and process bar 3 and metal tube 2 are fixed in spot welding, simultaneously
It is uniformly distributed (single double V-groove of close process bar) three segment lengths 15 outside spot welding metallic plate 1 and metal tube 2
The ring-type backing weld seam of 20mm length;
6) weld joint on inner side groove (the single V-type slope away from process bar that preheated metallic plate 1 contacts with metal tube 2
Mouthful) and periphery mother metal to 150 200 DEG C;
7) MAG weldering (metal active gas welding) solid welding wire is used to carry out K-type groove steel plate
The bottoming welding of inboard root welding bead, after making root pass penetration, part weld metal passes through groove front,
Complete bottoming welding;
8), after bottoming welding, treat that temperature is down to 50 DEG C about 100 DEG C, the oxide skin on trimming surface,
After splashing, then being filled with the welding of layer, when being welded to groove depth 2/3 4/5, turn-over removes process bar,
And carry out back chipping by lathe external side groove root;
9), after back chipping completes, at external side slope mouth, weld seam and periphery carry out being preheated to 150 200 DEG C, then use
MAG weldering carries out outside multi-layer multi-pass welding, until outer side weld completely fills out, then is soldered into MAG
The welding of 1/5 1/3 degree of depth of remaining inside.
The operation principle of the present invention:
It is welded to the 2/3 4/5 of groove depth inside this elder generation, then the turn-over outer side weld of welding is to completely filling out,
The method completing remaining inside welding again, plays following effect:
(1) welding deformation of inside lateral bend can be produced during weld joint on inner side welding, can produce during the welding of outside
The welding deformation bent laterally, both cancel out each other;
(2) weld joint on inner side is welded to the 2/3 4/5 of groove depth, and outer side weld bottoming, filling, capping
Welding is once fully completed, and reason is that weld joint on inner side first welds, and the amount of contraction caused during welding is maximum, after
Xu Zhu successively decreases in road, and only outside welding bead is more could offset the stress deformation produced when weld joint on inner side welds;
(3) the most easy and simple to handle, thick sheet metal and metal circular tube in being connected by homemade 2 process bar,
Constrain mutual welding deformation, decrease welding turn-over number of times, reduce labor intensity, improve
Work efficiency, it is most important that need not welding tool setup, can well control welding deformation,
Weldquality is high, it is adaptable to the welding of the field likes such as track traffic.
The protective gas of MAG weldering is 80% 90%Ar+10% 20%CO2(volume fraction).
The welding wire of the present invention is solid welding wire, a diameter of 1.2 1.6mm, and gas flow is 15 20L/min,
Welding current is 180-240A, and weldingvoltage is 28-32V, and speed of welding is 250 350mm/min,
Interlayer temperature is 50-100 DEG C, and preheating temperature is 150-200 DEG C.
The present invention uses the above-mentioned symmetrical similar tube plate structure of K-type groove welding technique welding, can make middle thickness
Metallic plate is under control with the corner connection welding quality of metal circular tube, and weld seam is visited through magnetic powder inspection and ultrasound wave
Wound has reached CPB level weldquality requirement in EN 15085 " rail vehicle and the welding of parts thereof ", weldering
Connecing deformation and obtained good control, metal circular tube end approximates at grade with steel plate, it is to avoid
The operations such as correction, improve work efficiency.
In the present invention, metal tube 2 preferably metal circular tube, t1:10 25mm, t2:10 50mm in Fig. 1,
T3 is that sectional dimension is more than 50 × 50mm, and length is more than Circularhole diameter 100 150mm of metallic plate 1.
The present invention it is discussed in detail below with an example:
Use solid welding wire, rich argon protective gas (80%Ar+20%CO2), select one piece of 400mm
The Q345D low-alloy high-strength steel of (steel plate is longitudinally) × 220mm (steel plate is horizontal) × 25mm (thick)
Plate, the Q345D of φ 180mm (diameter phi A) × 25mm (wall thickness) × 115mm (length)
The Q235B material process bar of material metal circular tube and 2 90mm × 90mm × 300mm.With
The heat input welding tube sheet corner connection K-type groove weld of 6KJ/cm 13KJ/cm.Before welding, steel plate machine
The method processing circular symmetric K-type groove of tool processing, then presses the method group pair in Fig. 1, first treats inner side
Weldering position preheats, and then bevel for welding is to the 2/3 4/5 of whole groove depth, then with machines such as lathes
Outside groove root is carried out back chipping process by oil (gas) filling device, is once welded by outer side weld full after polishing is clean, then
Welding remaining inside part.Solid welding wire argon-rich gas MAG weldering welding parameter is as shown in table 1:
The table 1 heat input 6KJ/cm argon-rich gas shielded MAG of 13KJ/cm solid welding wire welds welding condition
The content that above-described embodiment illustrates should be understood to that these embodiments are only used for being illustrated more clearly that this
Bright, rather than limit the scope of the present invention, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art couple
The amendment of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention each falls within the application claims limited range.
Claims (10)
1. a tube sheet corner joint auxiliary welding device, including metallic plate (1) and metal tube (2), it is characterised in that also include process bar (3);Having the hole passed for metal tube (2) end on described metallic plate (1), the sidewall in this hole is K-type groove (4);The end of described metal tube (2) is through the hole on metallic plate (1), and the end face of metal tube (2) is coplanar with the front of metallic plate (1) (A);Described process bar (3) is fixed on the front (A) of metallic plate (1), and with the end contact of metal tube (2);Between outer wall and the hole wall of metallic plate of described metal tube (2), there is gap.
Tube sheet corner joint auxiliary welding device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described metal tube (2) is metal circular tube, metallic plate opens circular hole on (1);The preferably metal tube (2) annular gap between outer wall and the circular-hole internal-wall of metallic plate is 2mm-3mm;Preferably K-type groove (4) is ring-type K-type symmetry groove.
Tube sheet corner joint auxiliary welding device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described process bar (3) has two;The length of selection process muscle is more than the maximum radial dimension at least 100mm in metallic plate (1) hole;More preferably the length of process bar is more than maximum radial dimension 100mm-150mm in metallic plate (1) hole.
4. according to the tube sheet corner joint auxiliary welding device one of claim 1-3 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that described metallic plate (1) thick 10mm-25mm, metal tube (2) wall thickness 10mm-50mm.
5. according to the tube sheet corner joint auxiliary welding device one of claim 1-3 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that positive and negative bevel angle α of described K-type groove (4) is 45 ° 50 °.
6. according to the tube sheet corner joint auxiliary welding device one of claim 1-3 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that the root (5) of described K-type groove (4) has root face;Preferably length c of this root face is 1mm-2mm.
7. a tube sheet corner connection connector welding method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S1, perforate on metallic plate (1), and on the inwall of hole, process K-type groove (4);
S2, the front of metallic plate (1) is paved by process bar (3), and fixed metal plate (1) and process bar (3);
S3, by metal tube (2) through the hole of metallic plate (1), between metal tube (2) outer wall and hole inwall, be provided with gap, and ensure that metal tube (2) end face is coplanar with the front of metallic plate (1);
S4, technique for fixing muscle (3) and metal tube (2), spot welding multistage backing weld seam at the double V-groove of the Outboard Sections contacted with metallic plate (1) at metal tube (2), and the double V-groove of inboard portion that contacts with metallic plate (1) of preheated metallic pipe (2) and periphery mother metal;
S5, K-type groove root welding bead bottoming inside the hole of metallic plate (1) is welded, after making root pass penetration, the double V-groove of the Outboard Sections that part weld metal contacts with metallic plate (1) through metal tube (2), complete bottoming and weld;
After S6, bottoming welding, the oxide skin on trimming surface, then it is filled with the welding of layer, when being welded at least half of K-type groove depth, turn-over removes process bar, and the outside double V-groove root of K-type groove is carried out back chipping;
After S7, back chipping complete, weld seam and periphery at the outside double V-groove of K-type groove are preheated, then carry out outside multi-layer multi-pass welding, until outer side weld completely fills out, finally complete the welding of the K-type groove remaining inside degree of depth.
Tube sheet corner connection connector welding method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described K-type groove is circular;Preferably positive and negative bevel angle α of K-type groove is 45 ° 50 °.
Tube sheet corner connection connector welding method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in step S6, when being welded to the 2/3 4/5 of K-type groove depth, turn-over removes process bar, in step S7, the K-type groove remaining inside degree of depth is the 1/5 1/3 of K-type groove depth.
10. according to the tube sheet corner connection connector welding method one of claim 7-9 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that welding manner is MAG weldering, and protection gas is containing CO2Rich argon protection gas;Preferably Ar and CO2The ratio of volume fraction be (80% 90%): (10% 20%);The welding wire of preferably MAG weldering is solid welding wire, a diameter of 1.2mm 1.6mm, gas flow is 15 L/min 20L/min, welding current is 180-240A, weldingvoltage is 28-32V, and speed of welding is 250 mm/min 350mm/min, and interlayer temperature is 50-100 DEG C, in step S4, S7, preheating temperature is 150 DEG C-200 DEG C.
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