CN105875225A - Method for identifying spring frosting resistance of wheat by utilizing leaf freezing injury - Google Patents
Method for identifying spring frosting resistance of wheat by utilizing leaf freezing injury Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying spring frosting resistance of wheat by utilizing leaf freezing injury, which aims to achieve the good consistency of selected parameters and a more accurate result. The method comprises the following steps: selecting the 3rd to 5th days of temperature rising after spring frosting happens as survey time; selecting sample sections, and carrying out big-field point fixation on surveyed sampling points; respectively calculating a leaf freezing prevalence rate P, the leaf freezing severity S, a spring frosting-resisting index I and a spring frosting-resisting coefficient R after obtaining data through a survey, and respectively determining the grade of the leaf freezing prevalence rate P, the leaf freezing severity S, the spring frosting-resisting index I and the spring frosting-resisting coefficient R, wherein the spring frosting-resisting coefficient R is suitable for identifying the spring frosting resistance of a few varieties, and the spring frosting-resisting index I is suitable for identifying the spring frosting resistance on a large amount of materials; carrying out primary selection by using the spring frosting-resisting index I and then carrying out fine selection by using the spring frosting-resisting coefficient R if spring frosting-resisting parent materials are required to be screened from a large amount of germplasm materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing blade freeze injury to identify the Semen Tritici aestivi frost of resistance to spring.
Background technology
Relevant spring frost, the call of different times is not quite similar by different researchers, cry again cold spell in later spring, low temperature freezing-disaster in early spring,
Chilling injury etc..Through being analyzed south, the Shanxi meteorological data over nearly 26 years, the time more than 8 one-tenth has spring frosty weather to send out
Raw, separately it is documented that almost annual some areas have spring frost in various degree to occur.There is spring frost with Semen Tritici aestivi in people in the past
Freeze injury is classified by the morphological index of freeze injury, tiller as dead in dead Seedling is how many, strain rate of enduring cold, single fringe are injured share, the class of deformity fringe
Type, trend underproduction rate etc., these indexs often could be recorded when freeze injury degree is the biggest, and test and be difficult to operation, accuracy
It is difficult to grasp.The most conventional freeze injury divides and refers to the spring frost injury situation to Semen Tritici aestivi, and resists Semen Tritici aestivi to spring frost
(resistance to) property authentication method and index almost blank.And along with the development of molecular biotechnology, people are white to the spring for Semen Tritici aestivi
Freeze such adverse circumstance adaptability and also progress into resistance mechanism research, such as QTL positioning analysis, gene expression tau-effect etc., but
Universal the most more complicated, accuracy is the highest.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, it is provided that a kind of parameter consistency easy and simple to handle, selected is good,
Qualification result utilizes the method that the Semen Tritici aestivi frost of resistance to spring is identified in blade freeze injury the most accurately.
The inventive method is:
(1) after selecting spring frost to occur, temperature gos up the 3-5 days is control time；After spring frost occurs, blade of enduring cold is because of freeze injury
And be dehydrated, it being in water stain state, cell loses activity；And not by the blade-section of freeze injury still in strong and vibrant；Treat gas
Temperature is gone up the 3-5 days, and blade is it is evident that whether by freeze injury, part of enduring cold is obvious with partial confines of not enduring cold.
(2) choose sample section, the sampling point investigated is carried out land for growing field crops fixed point；First select row, select the row that the even Seedling of Seedling is strong；As far as possible
Avoid limit row, because limit row is often heavier than the inside row is injured；Secondly selections, select the sample section that the even Seedling of Seedling is strong in the row chosen
0.5 meter, the sample hop count selected in kind (a being) material, no less than 3, i.e. has more than 3 times repetitions, and the selection of sample section to have
Representative.
(3) investigation obtains data: owing to lobus cardiacus typically will not be endured cold, thus respondent be below lobus cardiacus two, SANYE,
Respondent's blade amt use N in investigation sample sectiontRepresent；Respondent's blade is endured cold number of blade NvRepresent；Measure with a yardstick
Endure cold in sample point the total length of the most serious blade, use LtRepresent；Measure the length of part of enduring cold from blade tip to the place of enduring cold, use Lv
Represent；Randomly select in sample section 30 with blade, measure its vane overall length degree respectively, be expressed as Lt1、Lt2…LtnWith
Blade is endured cold partial-length Lv1、Lv2 …Lvn(n represents the number of blade of investigation, n >=30), do not endure cold blade LvIt is then 0.
(4) resistance to spring frost index I of investigation calculating:
1. leaf rate P is frozen in investigation:
P= [( Nv1/ Nt1)+ ( Nv2/ Nt2) +…( Nvi/ Nti)…+ ( Nvn/ Ntn)]/n×100% ；
NviAnd NtiThe endure cold number of blade and the total leaf number of expression i-th sample section respectively, i=1,2 ..., n.N represent repeat number >=
3；
2. investigate and freeze leaf severity S:
S = [(Lv1/ Lt1)+ (Lv2/ Lt2) +…(Lvi/ Lti)…+ (Lvn/ Ltn)]/n×100% ；
LviAnd LtiRepresent the total length of endure cold partial-length and this blade of the heaviest blade of enduring cold in i-th sample section respectively.i=
1,2, …, n.N represents repeat number >=3；
3. resistance to spring frost index I is calculated:
I=1-P × S
P and S represents that a kind (being) is frozen leaf rate and freezes leaf severity by freeze injury respectively.I need to retain 4 decimals, because one
Its Resistant Difference of a little resistance kinds (being) relatively can embody on even one decimal of last two-decimal, its value scope
Between 1.0000～0.0000.
4. the grade of resistance to spring frost index I is determined: to freeze injury in various degree, the classification standard of I is different, so not depositing
In fixing classification standard.The resistance class of test material is determined, Clustering Segmentation can be carried out according to the resistance situation of colony, draw
Separate high anti-cold spell in spring type, middle height anti-cold spell in spring type, in anti-cold spell in spring type, low anti-cold spell in spring type, cold spell in spring responsive type.
5. accuracy and the scope of application: resistance to spring frost index measures operation relative ease, is by the individual one to colony
Estimate, so accuracy is more poor compared with anti-spring frost coefficient.Identify it is to utilize anti-lot of materials being carried out the frost of resistance to spring
It is proper that spring frost index carries out identifying.
(5) frost of resistance to spring coefficients R is investigated:
1. the investigation of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R calculates:
R=1-[(Lv11+ Lv12+ ...+Lv1n)/(Lt11+ Lt12+ ...+Lt1n)+(Lv21+ Lv22+ ...+Lv2n)/(Lt21+
Lt22+ ...+Lt2n)+(Lv31+ Lv32+ ...+Lv3n)/(Lt31+ Lt32+ ...+Lt3n)]/3
Lv1It is that first sample section blade is endured cold partial-length, Lt1It is the length of first sample section blade, Lv11+ Lv12+ ...+
Lv1nIt is that first sample section blade is endured cold partial-length summation, Lt11+ Lt12+ ...+Lt1nIt is the length of first sample section blade
Always, Lv21+ Lv22+ ...+Lv2nIt is that second sample section blade is endured cold partial-length summation ... by that analogy.In formula, n is investigation leaf
Sheet number, each sample section investigation blade is no less than 30, i.e. n >=30.
2. the grade of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R is determined:
The grade of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R is equal to resistance to spring frost index I.
Accuracy and the scope of application: the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R is that wheat leaf blade leaf area of not enduring cold accounts for the percentage of total leaf area
The meansigma methods of ratio, concentrated expression kind anti-spring frost is strong and weak, and the most concrete, qualification result is relatively accurate reliably, but shortcoming
Take a lot of work when being investigation charge, labor intensity big, be suitable for that the resistance of minority kind (being) is carried out qualification and compare.
The inventive method is easy and simple to handle, and selected parameter consistency is good, and result of calculation is the most accurate reliable.Resistance to spring frost index
I compares with the pluses and minuses of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R: anti-spring frost index I is a secondary parameters, and it is by freezing leaf generally rate P and freezing
Leaf severity S calculates, and the investigation of the two parameter is all easier, and the calculating of the most anti-spring frost index I is relatively easy to, but
It is that antagonistic one is estimated roughly, thus appropriate by this parameter when lot of materials being carried out Resistance Identification；Frost of anti-spring
Freezing coefficients R is the resistance of each blade in investigation colony to be carried out investigation measure, and is the meansigma methods of all individualities in investigation colony,
The resistance of its reflection material is more accurately concrete, but its shortcoming is that investigation is loaded down with trivial details, and workload is big, so in the resistance to a small amount of material
When difference compares, the method is the most suitable.Then, in the evaluation and screening to a large amount of germplasm materials, available anti-spring frost
Index I carries out just screening, and after screening a few materials, then carries out further fine screening by anti-spring frost coefficients R.
Detailed description of the invention
The inventive method is utilized to cause obvious freeze injury to identify to being in jointing stage Semen Tritici aestivi, with Linfen, Shanxi Province in 2015
As a example by the spring frost of area, investigation kind is locality, Linfen high-yielding strain Ji wheat in the panel region test of prior year country's Huanghai Sea north
325:
(1) after selecting spring frost to occur, temperature gos up the 3-5 days is control time；On April 14th, 2015 Linfen, Shanxi area
Low temperature 3.3 DEG C, selecting 17-19 day in April is control time.
(2) choose sample section, the sampling point investigated is carried out land for growing field crops fixed point；First select row, select the row that the even Seedling of Seedling is strong；Secondary choosing
Section, selects the sample section 0.5 meter that the even Seedling of Seedling is strong in the row chosen, and the sample hop count selected in kind (a being) material is no less than 3,
I.e. there are more than 3 times repetitions.
(3) investigation；Two, three blade amts use N are fallen below lobus cardiacus in investigation sample sectiontRepresent, 3 samples of this test survey
Section, its NtValue is respectively 126,118,132；Corresponding number of blade N of enduring coldvValue is respectively 18,18,21；Measure sample point with a yardstick
Inside endure cold the total length of the most serious blade, use LtRepresent, the L of 3 sample sectionstValue is respectively 21cm, 21cm, 20cm；Measure from blade tip
The length of part of enduring cold to the place of enduring cold, uses LvRepresent, the L of 3 sample sectionstValue is respectively 11cm, 9cm, 10cm；In sample section at random
Choose 30 with blade, measure its vane overall length degree respectively, be expressed as Lt1、Lt2…LtnEndure cold part with corresponding blade
Length Lv1、Lv2 …Lvn(n represents the number of blade of investigation, n >=30), do not endure cold blade LvIt is then 0, first sample in three sample sections
30 L of sectiontValue is respectively Lt1(20cm), Lt2(18cm) ... Lt30(20cm)；Corresponding blade is endured cold partial-length Lv1(4cm), Lv2
(0cm) ... Lv30(0cm), second and third sample segment data is slightly.
(4) calculate and freeze leaf rate P
Because this test only has 3 sample sections, so the P=[(N of Pv1/ Nt1)+ ( Nv2/ Nt2) + ( Nv3/ Nt3) ]/n×
100%=[(18/126)+(18/118)+(21/132)]/3 × 100%=15.15%.
(5) leaf severity S is frozen in calculating；
As (4), the computing formula of S is: S=[(Lv1/ Lt1)+ (Lv2/ Lt2) +(Lv3/ Lt3)]/n × 100%=[(11/
21)+(9/21)+(10/20)]/3 × 100%=48.41%；
(6) resistance to spring frost index I is calculated
I=1-P × S=1-15.15% × 48.41%=0.9267.
(7) grade of resistance to spring frost index I is determined:
The clustering degree of resistance to spring frost index I according to 260 parts of germplasm materials to this test for identification divides, and I >=0.9960 is
High anti-cold spell in spring type；0.9960 ＞ I >=0.9800 is middle height anti-cold spell in spring type；0.9800 ＞ I >=0.9650 is anti-cold spell in spring type in being；
0.9650 ＞ I >=0.9470 is low anti-cold spell in spring type in being；I ＜ 0.9470 is cold spell in spring responsive type.The frost of resistance to spring of Ji wheat 325 in this test
Freezing index I is 0.9267, it is seen that this kind is the responsive type material that resistance is poor for spring frost.
(8) frost of resistance to spring coefficient is calculated
R=1-[(Lv11+ Lv12+ ...+Lv1n)/(Lt11+ Lt12+ ...+Lt1n)+(Lv21+ Lv22+ ...+Lv2n)/(Lt21+
Lt22+ ...+Lt2n)+(Lv31+ Lv32+ ...+Lv3n)/(Lt31+ Lt32+ ...+Lt3n)]/3=1-[(20+18+ ...+
20)/(4+5+ ...+0)+(17+18+ ...+20)/(3+5+ ...+4)+(21+18+ ...+17)/(4+7+ ...+
4)]/3=0.9402.
(9) grade of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R is determined:
According to this test to country's the Yellow River and Huai He River north panel region test and the frost of resistance to spring of 62 parts of kinds (being) of variety test
The clustering degree of coefficients R divides: R >=0.9977 is high anti-cold spell in spring type；0.9977 ＞ R >=0.9923 is middle height anti-cold spell in spring type；
0.9923 ＞ R >=0.9800 is anti-cold spell in spring type in being；0.9800 ＞ R >=0.9650 is low anti-cold spell in spring type in being；R ＜ 0.9650 is cold spell in spring
Responsive type.Test is measured and calculates the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R=0.9402 of Ji wheat 325, less than 0.9650, then passes through frost of resistance to spring
Freezing the judgement of coefficients R value, Ji wheat 325 also belongs to cold spell in spring responsive type.
Comparative analysis between the different frost of resistance to spring parameters: table 1 is to test country's the Yellow River and Huai He River north panel region and kind for 2015
The correlation coefficient of the spring frost relevant parameter of the material of comparative test, it is seen that equal significant correlation between each parameter.With anti-spring frost
Index method measures evaluation to 260 parts of breeding nursery germplasm materials, identifies the frost of the resistance to spring germplasm materials such as good star 66, Handan 3475
18 parts, and the germplasm materials being weak to spring frost has some parts such as Shanxi wheat 47, cigarette 180.Resistance to spring frost index identification method is easy and simple to handle,
But accuracy is not so good as the frost of resistance to spring Y-factor method Y, and the latter measures time-consuming taking a lot of work, but accuracy is quite a lot of.So to minority kind
Carry out with the frost of resistance to spring Y-factor method Y, but if lot of materials to carry out anti-spring frost mirror when the frost of resistance to spring is identified and compared
Fixed, utilize anti-spring frost index method carries out identifying to be proper.If to screen, from a large amount of germplasm materials, the frost of resistance to spring
Parent material, available anti-spring frost index method carries out primary election, more carefully selects with anti-spring frost Y-factor method Y, and such effect is more preferable
A bit.
Note: * and * * is illustrated respectively in significant difference in 0.05,0.01 level.
Claims (4)
1. the method utilizing blade freeze injury to identify the Semen Tritici aestivi frost of resistance to spring, is characterized in that:
(1) after selecting spring frost to occur, temperature gos up the 3-5 days is control time；
(2) choose sample section, the sampling point investigated is carried out land for growing field crops fixed point；First select row, select the row that the even Seedling of Seedling is strong；Secondary selections,
Selecting the sample section 0.5 meter that the even Seedling of Seedling is strong in the row chosen, the sample hop count selected in kind (a being) material is no less than 3；
(3) investigation obtains data；The colony leaves of two leaves and SANYE of falling below lobus cardiacus in investigation sample section is total and uses NtRepresent；
Endure cold number of blade NvRepresent；Endure cold in measuring sample point with a yardstick the total length of the most serious blade, use LtRepresent；Measure from blade tip
The length of part of enduring cold to the place of enduring cold, uses LvRepresent；Randomly select in sample section 30 with blade, measure its blade respectively total
Length, is expressed as Lt1、Lt2…LtnEndure cold partial-length L with bladev1、Lv2 …Lvn, n represents the number of blade of investigation, n >=
30；Do not endure cold blade LvIt is then 0；
(4) investigate and calculate anti-spring frost index I；
1. leaf rate P is frozen in investigation:
P= [( Nv1/ Nt1)+ ( Nv2/ Nt2) +…( Nvi/ Nti)…+ ( Nvn/ Ntn)]/n×100% ；
NviAnd NtiThe endure cold number of blade and the total leaf number of expression i-th sample section respectively, i=1,2 ..., n；N represent repeat number >=
3；
2. investigate and freeze leaf severity S:
S = [(Lv1/ Lt1)+ (Lv2/ Lt2) +…(Lvi/ Lti)…+ (Lvn/ Ltn)]/n×100% ；
LviAnd LtiRepresent the total length of endure cold partial-length and this blade of the heaviest blade of enduring cold in i-th sample section respectively；i=
1,2, …, n；N represents repeat number >=3；
3. resistance to spring frost index I is calculated:
I=[(1-P1×S1)+(1-P2×S2)+... (1-Pi×Si)+... (1-Pn×Sn)]∕n ；
PiAnd SiRepresent the leaf generally rate of freezing in i-th sample section respectively and freeze leaf severity；i=1,2, …, n；N represents repeat number
≥3；I need to retain 4 decimals because its Resistant Difference of the kind (being) that some resistances are relatively can embody last two little
On even one decimal of number, its value scope is between 1.0000～0.0000；
4. the grade of resistance to spring frost index I is determined: I >=0.9800 is high anti-cold spell in spring type；0.9800 ＞ I >=0.9500 is middle height
Anti-cold spell in spring type；0.9500 ＞ I >=0.9000 is anti-cold spell in spring type in being；0.9000 ＞ I >=0.8500 is low anti-cold spell in spring type in being；I ＜
0.8500 is cold spell in spring responsive type；
(5) investigate and calculate the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R:
1. the investigation of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R calculates:
R=1-[(Lv11+ Lv12+ ...+Lv1n)/(Lt11+ Lt12+ ...+Lt1n)+(Lv21+ Lv22+ ...+Lv2n)/(Lt21+
Lt22+ ...+Lt2n)+(Lv31+ Lv32+ ...+Lv3n)/(Lt31+ Lt32+ ...+Lt3n)]/3；
Lv1It is that first sample section blade is endured cold partial-length, Lt1It is the length of first sample section blade, Lv11+ Lv12+ ...+Lv1n
It is that first sample section blade is endured cold partial-length summation, Lt11+ Lt12+ ...+Lt1nThe length being first sample section blade is total,
Lv21+ Lv22+ ...+Lv2nIt is that second sample section blade is endured cold partial-length summation ... by that analogy；In formula, n is investigation blade
Number, each sample section investigation blade is no less than 30, i.e. n >=30；
2. the grade of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R is determined: R >=0.9500 is high anti-cold spell in spring type；0.9500 ＞ R >=0.9000 is middle height
Anti-cold spell in spring type；0.9000 ＞ R >=0.8000 is anti-cold spell in spring type in being；0.8000 ＞ R >=0.7000 is low anti-cold spell in spring type；R ＜
0.7000 is cold spell in spring responsive type.
The method utilizing blade freeze injury to identify the Semen Tritici aestivi frost of resistance to spring the most as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that investigating sample section
Selection should avoid limit row as far as possible, often heavier than the inside row is injured because of limit row, selects the row that the even Seedling of Seedling is strong.
The method utilizing blade freeze injury to identify the Semen Tritici aestivi frost of resistance to spring the most as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that the right of investigation
As if two leaves and SANYE below lobus cardiacus, because being the most down winter frontal lobe, there is winter frost mark mark, lobus cardiacus typically will not be endured cold.
The method utilizing blade freeze injury to identify the Semen Tritici aestivi frost of resistance to spring the most as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that anti-spring frost
Coefficients R is suitable for that minority kind carries out the frost of resistance to spring and identifies；Anti-spring frost index I is suitable for lot of materials is carried out the frost of resistance to spring
Identify；If to screen the parent material of the frost of resistance to spring from a large amount of germplasm materials, at the beginning of carrying out by anti-spring frost index I
Choosing, more carefully select by anti-spring frost coefficients R.
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| CN108647188A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-10-12 | 陇南师范高等专科学校 | A kind of walnut Spring frost investigation method |
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| CN112986311A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-18 | 商丘市农林科学院 | Method for identifying spring low-temperature resistance of wheat variety |
| CN112986311B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2023-09-01 | 商丘市农林科学院 | Method for identifying low-temperature resistance of wheat variety in spring |
| CN113693033A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-11-26 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for evaluating resistance of rice variety to southern rice black-streaked dwarf disease based on artificial inoculation |
| CN113693033B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-11-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for evaluating resistance of rice variety to southern rice black-streaked dwarf disease based on artificial inoculation |
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