CN105872079A - Chain balancing method based on domain name system (DNS) - Google Patents
Chain balancing method based on domain name system (DNS) Download PDFInfo
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- CN105872079A CN105872079A CN201610313031.1A CN201610313031A CN105872079A CN 105872079 A CN105872079 A CN 105872079A CN 201610313031 A CN201610313031 A CN 201610313031A CN 105872079 A CN105872079 A CN 105872079A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/1001—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
- H04L41/0663—Performing the actions predefined by failover planning, e.g. switching to standby network elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/45—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
- H04L61/4505—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping using standardised directories; using standardised directory access protocols
- H04L61/4511—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping using standardised directories; using standardised directory access protocols using domain name system [DNS]
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a chain balancing method based on a domain name system (DNS). The method includes the steps that when a network is provided with two or more outlet links, a load including links and network service or a usability state is to serve as balance factors of the links, user query requests are dynamically divided into different views to achieve load balance of the links according to a weight or priority or residual available bandwidth ratio or residual available bandwidth absolute value method. The problem that in the prior art, link bandwidth utilization is imbalanced as a fixed IP address range is adopted to divide user view is effectively solved, a fault-tolerant mechanism is provided, and it is avoided that when the links or a server has faults, follow-up flow continues to be guided into the failed links or server. Only a view dividing mode is changed in the DNS server without additionally arranging hardware, and the operation is visible for a network user; the client side is not changed, and normal operation and behaviors of existing users are not interfered. Therefore, popularizing prospects are good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of link equalization method based on domain name system DNS, belong to computer network communication
Technical field.
Background technology
Domain name system DNS (Domain Name System) is by user is divided into different views
In view, in order to resolve user's request via different outbounds and realize load balancing.Existing division
Rule is to use form based on access control list ACL (Access Control List), by limiting IP
Scope carries out dividing view's.Such as, under the pattern of recursion server, the division of view is led to exactly
Cross what IP address was carried out: IP address user in the range of 10.0.0.0 10.0.0.255 is divided into one
In view, the outbound then arranged from this view goes inquiry;IP address is at 10.0.1.0 10.0.1.255
In the range of user be then divided in another view, then from the outbound of this view go inquiry.?
Under the pattern of authority's resolution server, the division of view is also carried out by IP address: IP address
DNS request the user of 220.18.0.0 220.18.0.255 scope is divided in a view, power
Prestige resolution server returns the link address of this view setting to user;IP address is at 211.68.0.0
The DNS request of the user in the range of 211.68.0.255 is divided in another view, authority's analysis service
The link address that this view is arranged is returned to user by device.
Although the mode that this dependence fixed ip address scope divides view there is the problem that each view
The address realm comprised is changeless, but, the actual user's quantity in each address realm is not
Immobilize but the most all changing.This results under recursion server pattern, often
User's number of requests in individual view can change over time and change, therefore there will be certain time
Request in section, in the address realm of certain view is too many, and the bandwidth causing respective links is inadequate;And other
View in number of requests few, the bandwidth of respective links has situation more than needed.And at authority's resolution server mould
Under formula, the number of requests of the actual user in the address realm of view is not changeless equally, also can
In causing some time period, on certain link request is too many and situation that the request of other links is little.
In this case, the flow resulting in peripheral link uses and can not be equalized, thus affects network and access
Speed, reduces Consumer's Experience.Additionally, the mode that such fixed ip address scope divides view does not set
Put fault perceptive function, it is impossible to whether perception link or server have occurred and that or there is fault, so the most not
Can ask to shift the chain being sent to not break down by the user being originally divided in view in time
Road or server, still adhere to dividing according to the original plan, cause user cannot access network or access speed
Spend slow.
Therefore, the problem how overcoming prior art to exist just becomes the new problem that scientific and technical personnel pay close attention in the industry.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of link equalization method based on DNS, the method is moved
State user is divided, view under prior art can be solved and used by fixed ip address scope
Family divides the link bandwidth caused and uses unbalanced problem, provides fault tolerant mechanism simultaneously, it is to avoid in link event
When barrier or server failure, continue to guide follow-up flow to faulty link or server.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides one based on domain name system DNS (Domain Name
System) link equalization method, it is characterised in that: when network is equipped with two or more outlet
Link, prepares to include equal for according to as link of link, the load of network service or usability status
During weighing apparatus factor, can according to weight, priority, residual available bandwidth ratio or residue by user's inquiry request
By the multiple method of bandwidth absolute value, in real time, dynamically it is divided in different view view, is used for realizing
The load balancing of link;The method includes following operative step:
Step 1, according to the practical situation of network link, can use according to weight, priority, residue from including
In the multiple method of bandwidth ratio or residual available bandwidth absolute value, arbitrarily select one of them, by user
Inquiry request is dynamically divided into different view;Wherein:
Dividing view method according to weight is: first arrange equal with outbound quantity at dns server
View, and the outlet bandwidth of every outbound is calculated respectively according to these link actual states in network,
It is respectively each of the links again and the weighted value corresponding with its outlet bandwidth is set;Then, dns server according to
The proportion of these link bandwidth values, i.e. weighted value ratio configure foundation as load balancing, please for user's inquiry
Ask and dynamically distribute link, these user's inquiry request are divided in different view, make load according to weight
Ratio realizes equilibrium allocation;
The method dividing view according to priority is: arrange different priority for each of the links, according to preferentially
User's inquiry request is divided in different view by level descending order from high to low;
According to the method for residual available bandwidth ratio cut partition view it is;Residual available bandwidth according to each of the links
Occupy the ratio of the whole bandwidth of whole piece link, the ratio foundation divided as user's inquiry request, in order to according to
The ratio of this accounting, is respectively configured user's inquiry request in different view;
The method dividing view according to residual available bandwidth absolute value is: according to the available band of the residue of each of the links
User's inquiry request, as according to configuring user's inquiry request, is preferentially divided and is configured to remain by wide absolute value
In the view that the remaining more link of available bandwidth is linked;
Step 2, dns server checks whether link and server are in upstate, and eliminating is broken down
Link and server after, obtain the load of available link, total bandwidth and available bandwidth;
Step 3, dns server receives user's inquiry request, uses step 1 to select the method confirmed to enter
Row processes;And after completion processing, response message is returned to user terminal;
Step 4, dns server receives new DNS request, returns and performs step 2.
The innovation of present invention link equalization based on DNS method is: really solve prior art
The link load that the view dividing mode of DNS is brought uses unbalanced problem;The inventive method is provided with
The up to four kinds modes realizing load balancing, applied widely, webmaster personnel can flexibly, flexibly basis
The optional one way in which of network practical situation realizes load balancing.And, in the inventive method, add
The fault of view finds the operating procedure with Switchover mechanism in time: once find link, server fail
Time, can stop it being carried out flow scheduling, it is to avoid the situation that user's analysis result can not access.It addition, this
Inventive method need not increase additional hardware, only need to improve the view dividing mode of DNS.And,
Only need to modify at dns server end, client, will not be to existing user's without making any change
Normal operating and behavior interfere.Therefore, the inventive method is transparent to the network user.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention link equalization based on domain name system DNS method operating procedure flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is made
Described in further detail.
Present invention link equalization based on domain name system DNS method, is to be equipped with two or two when network
Above outbound, prepares to include that link, the load of network service or usability status are for according to making
During for the equilibrium factor of link, by user's inquiry request according to weight, priority, residual available bandwidth ratio,
Or the multiple method of residual available bandwidth absolute value arbitrarily selects one of them, in real time, dynamically it is divided into
In different view view, for realizing the load balancing of link.
See Fig. 1, introduce the concrete operation step of present invention link equalization based on DNS method:
Step 1, according to the practical situation of network link, can use according to weight, priority, residue from including
In the multiple method of bandwidth ratio or residual available bandwidth absolute value, arbitrarily select one of them, by user
Inquiry request is dynamically divided into different view.Wherein:
(A) dividing view method according to weight is: first arrange and outbound quantity at dns server
Equal view, and the outlet of every outbound is calculated respectively according to these link actual states in network
Bandwidth, more respectively each of the links arranges the weighted value corresponding with its outlet bandwidth;Then, DNS service
Device configures foundation according to the proportion of these link bandwidth values, i.e. weighted value ratio as load balancing, for user
Inquiry request dynamically distributes link, these user's inquiry request is divided in different view, make load by
Equilibrium allocation is realized according to weight proportion.Following operation is included according to the operating procedure of the method for weight division view
Content:
(1a) it is equipped with two or more multilink A when networki, and each of the links AiOutlet
Bandwidth is respectively aiTime, dns server answers relative set and this multilink AiEqual multiple of quantity
View, so that each of the links AiRespectively to there being respective viewi, in formula, natural number i be view and
The sequence number of outbound, its maximum n is the outbound sum that network arranges.
(1b) when dns server receives client query request, according to formulaCalculate each of the links
AiOutlet bandwidth aiAccount for the total bandwidth of all linksRatio, and according to this accounting each view it
Between the corresponding load of distribution;Namely willUser's inquiry request be divided into viewi, thus realize often
Bar link AiCorresponding outlet bandwidth aiThe load of configuration respective weights ratio.
Such as, subscriber's outlet link has two: one to be cernet, one for default, two outbounds
The ratio of cernet outlet bandwidth and default outlet bandwidth is 2:1, arranges two view in the dns server:
View1 outbound be cernet, view2 outbound be default.So receive when dns server
During to the inquiry request of client, carry out between two view according to the ratio of view1:view2=2:1
Distribution: user's inquiry request of 2/3 is divided into view1, walks the inquiry of cernet link;The user of 1/3 looks into
Inquiry request is divided into view2, walks the inquiry of default link, thus realization is the most right to cernet and default
The egress line load answered carries out load balancing cutting according to the mode of 2:1.
(B) according to the method for priority division view it is: different priority is set for each of the links, presses
According to priority descending order from high to low, user's inquiry request is divided in different view.
The method dividing view according to priority includes following operation content:
(1a) it is equipped with two or more multilink A when networki, dns server should arrange with
This multilink AiMultiple view that quantity is equal, so that each of the links corresponding respective view respectivelyi, formula
In, natural number i is the sequence number of view and outbound thereof, and its maximum n is the link sum that network arranges.
(1b) dns server arranges its outbound bandwidth usage threshold value d to each viewiAnd it is excellent
First level sequence number bi, wherein, threshold value diIt is numerical value percent between interval (0,100), priority sequence
Number biIt is in the natural number between interval [1, n], and the priority level of priority sequence number 1 is the highest, along with sequence
Number increase gradually, its priority level is gradually lowered.
(1c) dns server is according to the inquiry request of priority height distributing user in descending order: DNS
When server receives client query request, according to the priority sequence of view, from limit priority
The view of serial number 1 starts, and checks that the outbound bandwidth usage being currently allocated to this view is
No threshold value d reaching this viewi;If not up to, then continuing to distribute to this view by follow-up inquiry request;
If having reached threshold value di, then check whether the view of time high priority serial number 2 reaches its threshold value, in order to
Subsequent query is requested assignment to this view, by that analogy, it is achieved adjust line load according to priority.
(1d) threshold value d is all reached when the bandwidth usage of all available linksiTime, follow-up inquiry request is then
It is sequentially allocated to each view according to polling mode.
Such as, being set to the highest by the priority of view1, its bandwidth usage threshold value is set to 80%, goes out
Mouth link is set to cernet;The priority of view2 is set to second highest, and its bandwidth usage is also configured as 80%,
Outbound is set to default.Dns server can by the inquiry request of user according to priority from high to low
Descending is allocated: when the bandwidth usage of cernet is not up to 80%, preferentially by subsequent query request point
It is fitted on view1;If the bandwidth usage of cernet reaches 80%, then subsequent query request is assigned to
view2.And when if the bandwidth usage of default has also reached 80%, will according still further to this rule, will after
Continuous inquiry request is assigned in other view that priority is lower, it is achieved adjust line load according to priority.
(C) according to the method for residual available bandwidth ratio cut partition view it is;Residue according to each of the links can
The ratio of the whole bandwidth of whole piece link is occupied by bandwidth, the ratio foundation divided as user's inquiry request, with
Just according to the ratio of this accounting, user's inquiry request is respectively configured in different view;
Such as, network is equipped with three outbounds, when the residual available bandwidth of view1 link accounts for this
The 40% of the whole bandwidth of link, the residual available bandwidth accounting of view2 link is 70%, view3 link
Residual available bandwidth accounting when being 30%, dns server just by the inquiry request of user according to 4:7:3's
Ratio divides, thus equalizes the outlet bandwidth of each of the links, makes each link usage rate equalize.
(D) according to the method for residual available bandwidth absolute value division view it is: according to the residue of each of the links
User's inquiry request, as according to configuring user's inquiry request, is preferentially divided and joins by the absolute value of available bandwidth
Put in the view that the more link of residual available bandwidth is linked;
Such as, being equipped with two outbounds in network, the remaining bandwidth of view1 link is 10M, view2
The remaining bandwidth of link is 100M, then dns server just by the inquiry request of user according to
The ratio of 10M:100M, i.e. 1:10 divides, and more user's inquiry request is divided into view2, from
And ensure the rational and efficient use of link bandwidth.
Step 2, dns server checks whether link and server are in upstate, and eliminating is broken down
Link and server after, obtain the load of available link, total bandwidth and available bandwidth;
In this step 2, dns server checks whether link and server are in upstate, in order at chain
When road or server fail, stop in time the view of its correspondence is carried out flow scheduling, only obtain available
The load of link, total bandwidth and available bandwidth, it is to avoid cause user can not access the situation of analysis result.
Step 3, dns server receives user's inquiry request, uses step 1 to select the method confirmed to enter
Row processes;And after completion processing, response message is returned to user terminal;
Step 4, dns server receives new DNS request, returns and performs step 2.
The inventive method does not simply increase hardware in dns server change view dividing mode, and to net
Network user is transparent: without any changes, normal operating and behavior to existing user do not cause client
Any interference.
Inventions have been enforcement test, in the fourth phase of Beijing University of Post & Telecommunication's campus network optimizes, dispose
Implement present invention link equalization based on DNS method.In implementation process, the campus network of Beijing University of Post & Telecommunication
In, dns server uses the mode divided according to weight to divide view, it is achieved that outbound
Balanced bandwidth, be effectively improved user online experience.Through the verification experimental verification of several months, the reality of the present invention
It is successful for executing example, it is achieved that goal of the invention.
The above is only the preferred implementation of the present invention, it is noted that common for the art
For technical staff, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications,
These improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a link equalization method based on domain name system DNS (Domain Name System), its
It is characterised by: when network is equipped with two or more outbound, prepare to include link, network
The load of service or usability status are according to during as the equilibrium factor of link, user's inquiry request are pressed
According to the multiple method of weight, priority, residual available bandwidth ratio or residual available bandwidth absolute value, real
Time, be dynamically divided in different view view, for realizing the load balancing of link;The method includes
Following operative step:
Step 1, according to the practical situation of network link, can use according to weight, priority, residue from including
In the multiple method of bandwidth ratio or residual available bandwidth absolute value, arbitrarily select one of them, by user
Inquiry request is dynamically divided into different view;Wherein:
Dividing view method according to weight is: first arrange equal with outbound quantity at dns server
View, and the outlet bandwidth of every outbound is calculated respectively according to these link actual states in network,
It is respectively each of the links again and the weighted value corresponding with its outlet bandwidth is set;Then, dns server according to
The proportion of these link bandwidth values, i.e. weighted value ratio configure foundation as load balancing, please for user's inquiry
Ask and dynamically distribute link, these user's inquiry request are divided in different view, make load according to weight
Ratio realizes equilibrium allocation;
The method dividing view according to priority is: arrange different priority for each of the links, according to preferentially
User's inquiry request is divided in different view by level descending order from high to low;
According to the method for residual available bandwidth ratio cut partition view it is;Residual available bandwidth according to each of the links
Occupy the ratio of the whole bandwidth of whole piece link, the ratio foundation divided as user's inquiry request, in order to according to
The ratio of this accounting, is respectively configured user's inquiry request in different view;
The method dividing view according to residual available bandwidth absolute value is: according to the available band of the residue of each of the links
User's inquiry request, as according to configuring user's inquiry request, is preferentially divided and is configured to remain by wide absolute value
In the view that the remaining more link of available bandwidth is linked;
Step 2, dns server checks whether link and server are in upstate, and eliminating is broken down
Link and server after, obtain the load of available link, total bandwidth and available bandwidth;
Step 3, dns server receives user's inquiry request, uses step 1 to select the method confirmed to enter
Row processes;And after completion processing, response message is returned to user terminal;
Step 4, dns server receives new DNS request, returns and performs step 2.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step 1, draw according to weight
The method of point view includes following operation content:
(1a) it is equipped with two or more multilink A when networki, and each of the links AiOutlet
Bandwidth is respectively aiTime, dns server answers relative set and this multilink AiEqual multiple of quantity
View, so that each of the links AiRespectively to there being respective viewi, in formula, natural number i be view and
The sequence number of outbound, its maximum n is the outbound sum that network arranges;
(1b) when dns server receives client query request, according to formulaCalculate each of the links
AiOutlet bandwidth aiAccount for the total bandwidth of all linksRatio, and according to this accounting each view it
Between the corresponding load of distribution;Namely willUser's inquiry request be divided into viewi, thus realize often
Bar link AiCorresponding outlet bandwidth aiThe load of configuration respective weights ratio.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step 1, according to priority
The method dividing view includes following operation content:
(1a) it is equipped with two or more multilink A when networki, dns server should arrange with
This multilink AiMultiple view that quantity is equal, so that each of the links corresponding respective view respectivelyi, formula
In, natural number i is the sequence number of view and outbound thereof, and its maximum n is the link sum that network arranges;
(1b) dns server arranges its outbound bandwidth usage threshold value d to each viewiAnd it is excellent
First level sequence number bi, wherein, threshold value diIt is numerical value percent between interval (0,100), priority sequence
Number biIt is in the natural number between interval [1, n], and the priority level of priority sequence number 1 is the highest, along with sequence
Number increase gradually, its priority level is gradually lowered;
(1c) dns server is according to the inquiry request of priority height distributing user in descending order: DNS
When server receives client query request, according to the priority sequence of view, from limit priority
The view of serial number 1 starts, and checks that the outbound bandwidth usage being currently allocated to this view is
No threshold value d reaching this viewi;If not up to, then continuing to distribute to this view by follow-up inquiry request;
If having reached threshold value di, then check whether the view of time high priority serial number 2 reaches its threshold value, in order to
Subsequent query is requested assignment to this view, by that analogy, it is achieved adjust line load according to priority;
(1d) threshold value d is all reached when the bandwidth usage of all available linksiTime, follow-up inquiry request is then
It is sequentially allocated to each view according to polling mode.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step 2, DNS service
Device checks whether link and server are in upstate, in order to when link or server fail, and
Time stop the view of its correspondence is carried out flow scheduling, only obtain the load of available link, total bandwidth and available
Bandwidth, it is to avoid cause user can not access the situation of analysis result.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described method is at DNS service
Device is changed view dividing mode and is not increased hardware, and is transparent to the network user: client is not done any
Changing, normal operating and behavior to existing user do not cause any interference.
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