CN105871091B - Generator - Google Patents
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- CN105871091B CN105871091B CN201610010634.4A CN201610010634A CN105871091B CN 105871091 B CN105871091 B CN 105871091B CN 201610010634 A CN201610010634 A CN 201610010634A CN 105871091 B CN105871091 B CN 105871091B
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- Prior art keywords
- salient poles
- stator
- stator salient
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- magnet
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J6/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices on cycles; Mounting or supporting thereof; Circuits therefor
- B62J6/06—Arrangement of lighting dynamos or drives therefor
- B62J6/12—Dynamos arranged in the wheel hub
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
- H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of generator, and the alternating current of high frequency is easy to get in the case where the revolving speed of rotor is small, and then is suitable for the miniaturization of outer diameter.Rotor (40) has in the circumferential for multiple magnet (48) of alternately different magnetic poles, stator (38) has stator core (50) and armature winding (60), stator core (50) includes the first stator salient poles portion, is configured at first groove portion and with it between the first adjacent groove portion of a circumferential side；And the second stator salient poles portion, it is configured at first groove portion and with it between the first adjacent groove portion of circumferential another party.First state is alternately switched with the second state, first state is the state different from the magnetic pole of respective opposed magnet in the first stator salient poles portion and the second stator salient poles portion, and the second state is the state with the magnetic pole of the respective opposed magnet in the first stator salient poles portion and the second stator salient poles portion for the magnetic pole opposite with first state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the generators of hub generator for bicycle etc..
Background technique
The rotor of the hub generator of bicycle with the speed of wheel same degree to rotate, therefore, with roll-type generator
Be easy compared to the revolving speed of rotor it is slack-off, so that there are the insufficient tendencies of induced electromotive force when low speed traveling.Therefore, it is sent out in wheel hub
It is preferable to use the well-designed knots at the alternating current that can obtain high frequency in the case where the revolving speed of rotor is small in motor
Structure.
As one of the example, claw-pole type generator is proposed in patent document 1.The generator includes stator and configuration
Rotor in the peripheral side of stator.Rotor has multiple magnet for being arranged in the circumferential, each magnet it is opposed with stator
Magnetic pole is the magnetic pole alternately changed in the circumferential.Stator includes a pair of of the stator core configured in axial sides.Each stator core
It is arranged to the multiple claws extended with side close toward each other, the position of the claw of each stator core is handed in the circumferential
It replaces.The claw configuration of each stator core is magnetized to generate in circumferential direction in the radially inner side of each magnet of rotor by the magnet
The polarity of upper alternately variation.In the stator, it is configured with from magnet via the claw of each stator core for the position that magnetic flux passes through
Armature winding.
In the generator, by the rotation of rotor, become magnet relative to the relative position of the claw of each stator core
Change, be accompanied by this, the polarity switching of each claw, the reversion of the direction of the main flux to interlink in armature winding as a result, armature around
Induced electromotive force is generated in group.Frequency of the alternating current obtained at this time due to becoming the size proportional to the number of poles of magnet, because
This is easy to get high-frequency alternating current corresponding with the number of poles of magnet.
Existing technical literature
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2007-49839 bulletin.
In recent years, in order to realize the promotion of bicycle outward appearance design, and the miniaturization of hub outside diameter size is required, it is adjoint
In the miniaturization for the outer diameter that this it is expected hub generator.It is configured in claw-pole type generator, is magnetized into opposed polarity
The claw of each stator core be alternately arranged in the circumferential.It is adjacent as a result, as the outer diameter of hub generator reduces
Distance between claw becomes too small.As a result, magnetic flux be easy by being magnetized between the claw of opposed polarity, not armature around
The leakage magnetic flux to interlink in group is easy to increase.Therefore, there are the following problems in claw-pole type generator: with subtracting for outer diameter
Small, leakage magnetic flux increases, to be difficult to obtain enough induced electromotive forces.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is completed in view of such project, one of its goals is to provide a kind of generator, even if turning
It is also easy to get the alternating current of high frequency in the case that the revolving speed of son is small, and then is suitable for the miniaturization of outer diameter.
The generator of some mode of the invention includes: stator；And rotor, it is configured at peripheral side or the inner circumferential of stator
Side, rotor have multiple magnet, and multiple magnet is alternately different magnetic pole in the circumferential from the opposed magnetic pole of stator, fixed
Son includes the stator core for being formed with multiple first groove portions at spaced intervals in the circumferential；Be wound in multiple first groove portions it
Between armature winding, stator core includes the first stator salient poles portion, be configured at first groove portion and and its in a circumferential side
Between the first adjacent groove portion；With the second stator salient poles portion, it is configured at first groove portion and with it in circumferential another party's phase
Between the first adjacent groove portion, the position of magnet, the first stator salient poles portion and the second stator salient poles portion is determined as, and rotates in rotor
When first state alternately switched with the second state, the first state is and the first stator salient poles portion and the second stator salient poles portion
Respective opposed magnet the different state of magnetic pole, second state is and the first stator salient poles portion and the second stator salient poles
The magnetic pole of the respective opposed magnet in portion is the state of the magnetic pole opposite with first state.
Invention effect
In accordance with the invention it is possible to obtain a kind of exchange for being easy to get high frequency in the case where the revolving speed of rotor is small
Electricity is suitable for the generator of the miniaturization of outer diameter in turn.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the partial side view for indicating to carry the bicycle of the generator of bicycle of first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the front view of the wheel hub for indicating the bicycle of first embodiment and the composition of surrounding.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view for indicating the generator of bicycle of first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view for indicating the armature winding of generator of bicycle of first embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the figure of the magnet for indicating first embodiment and the positional relationship in stator salient poles portion.
Fig. 6 is the figure for the state for indicating that the electric angle of the generator of first embodiment is zero.
Fig. 7 is to indicate that the electric angle of the generator of first embodiment is the figure of the state of pi/2.
Fig. 8 is to indicate that the electric angle of the generator of first embodiment is the figure of the state of π.
Fig. 9 is to indicate that the electric angle of the generator of first embodiment is the figure of the state of 3 pi/2s.
Figure 10 is the cross-sectional view of the generator of second embodiment.
Figure 11 is the cross-sectional view for indicating the armature winding of generator of second embodiment.
Figure 12 is the figure for the state for indicating that the electric angle of the generator of second embodiment is zero.
Figure 13 is to indicate that the electric angle of the generator of second embodiment is the figure of the state of pi/2.
Figure 14 is to indicate that the electric angle of the generator of second embodiment is the figure of the state of π.
Figure 15 is to indicate that the electric angle of the generator of second embodiment is the figure of the state of 3 pi/2s.
Description of symbols
10 ... generators
12 ... bicycles
22 ... front-wheels (rotating part)
26 ... wheel hubs
38 ... stators
40 ... rotors
48 ... magnet
50 ... stator cores
52 ... first groove portions
60 ... armature winding
The first stator salient poles of 62A ... portion
The second stator salient poles of 62B ... portion.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, marking identical label to identical constituent element, and omit duplicate in the explanation of each embodiment
Explanation.Also, in the drawings, for ease of description, suitably omit a part of constituent element.
[first embodiment]
Fig. 1 is the generator of bicycle 10(hereinafter referred to as generator 10 for indicating to carry first embodiment) voluntarily
The partial side view of vehicle 12.Bicycle 12 has front fork 18 and the installation for the front tube 16 that can be rotatably supported on main car frame 14
In the hub spindle 20 of front fork 18.The front-wheel 22 as wheel is rotatably freely supported on hub spindle 20.On the side of front-wheel 22
Side is provided with headlight 24, is fed into headlight 24 by the electric power that generator 10 obtains.
Front-wheel 22 also have via bearing (not shown) be rotatably freely supported on hub spindle 20 tubular wheel hub 26, peace
More spokes 28 of the peripheral part loaded on wheel hub 26 and be installed on each spoke 28 peripheral part wheel rim 30.On wheel rim 30
Tire 32 is installed.
Fig. 2 is the front view of the wheel hub 26 for indicating bicycle 12 and the composition of surrounding.Composition other than wheel hub 26 is by two point
Scribing line indicates.The generator 10 as hub generator is accommodated in wheel hub 26.In the axial both ends shape of hub spindle 20
At there is external screw thread 34.Hub spindle 20 is before the fastening of the nut 36 screwed with each external screw thread 34 is fixed on together with wheel hub 26
Fork 18.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of generator 10.This figure is orthogonal with the axis direction of rotation center of aftermentioned rotor 40
Cross-sectional view, and the section of the line A-A along Fig. 2.In addition, omitting wheel hub 26 in detail in this figure.Also, in the following description, exist
When being illustrated to the positional relationship of each component of aftermentioned stator 38 and rotor 40, sometimes use " axial direction ", " circumferential direction ",
The term of " radial direction "." axial direction " therein indicate rotor 40 rotation center axis direction, " circumferential direction ", " radial direction " respectively about
The rotation center of rotor 40 indicates circumferential, radial.
Generator 10 includes the stator 38 fixed relative to hub spindle 20 and is to rotate certainly relative to the bearing of hub spindle 20
Rotor 40 such as.Generator 10 is to be configured with the external rotor generator of rotor 40 in the peripheral side of stator 38.Also, generator
10 be synchronous generator.Rotor 40 is arranged to integrally rotate with the wheel hub 26 of a part as front-wheel 22.Rotor 40
It can be rotated in linkage with the rotation of front-wheel 22.
Rotor 40 is integrally formed into ring-type.Rotor 40 is with the rotor core 46 including annular base 42 and in rotor
The multiple magnet 48 configured in a row in 40 circumferential direction.Magnet 48 passes through bonding etc. and the ring for being in the side opposed with stator 38
The inner circumferential face bonding of shape base portion 42.On rotor core 46, multiple salient pole portions are not provided in the inner circumferential side of annular base 42.
Magnet 48 is permanent magnet.Magnet 48 is used for the magnetic field of aftermentioned armature winding 60.The radial direction of magnet 48 is magnetization
Direction.In detail in this figure, it is indicated from the pole S towards the direction of the pole N with arrow C in magnet 48.Magnet 48 is arranged along circumferential direction
The plate of extension.Magnet 48 is provided with multiple, and is arranged to stator 38 be in the circumferential to replace in the magnetic pole of diametrically contraposition
The different magnetic pole in ground.The perimeter w1 that each magnet 48 is configured to the inner peripheral portion with stator 38 in diametrically contraposition is equal size.This
In so-called " equal " include the case where identical and roughly the same situation.It is also same below the explanation of " equal ".
Magnet 48 is configured to be staggered with the angle equal with predetermined angular λ (hereinafter also referred to magnetic pole pitch) in the circumferential
Position.Magnet 48 is total in this example is provided with 20, and the magnetic pole opposed with stator 38 also adds up to setting 20.Namely
It says, they are provided with even number.Also, magnetic pole pitch λ is 18 ° (=360 °/20).Magnetic pole pitch λ is equivalent to generator 10
Electric angle π as will be explained later, generates a period by armature winding 60 as 40 rotary pole spacing λ × 2 of rotor
Alternating current.
Stator 38 is integrally formed into ring-type.Stator 38 has is formed with multiple first groove portions 52 at spaced intervals in the circumferential
Stator core 50.Rotor core 46 and stator core 50 are constituted and multiple metal plates are laminated in the axial direction in rotor 40.
The metal plate is using soft-magnetic bodies such as electromagnetic steel plates as material.
Each first groove portion 52 is configured at the position for the equal angles that have been staggered in the circumferential.In this example, the first groove portion 52
Total setting 4.First groove portion 52 is formed as the radially inner side from the side opposed with rotor 40 i.e. radial outside to opposite side
Recess.
Stator 38 is other than the first groove portion 52, also with the magnetic of the arcuation adjacent with the respective bottom side of each first groove portion 52
Road interconnecting piece 54 and magnetic circuit part 56A, 56B adjacent in circumferential two sides relative to the first groove portion 52.Magnetic circuit interconnecting piece 54 is along week
To each magnetic circuit part 56A, 56B of connection.Magnetic circuit part 56A, 56B has and every the first groove portion 52 alternately configured in the circumferential
The first adjacent magnetic circuit part 56A of a circumferential side (in figure clockwise) and with circumferential another party (side counterclockwise in figure
To) adjacent the second magnetic circuit part 56B.First magnetic circuit part 56A is alternately configured in the circumferential with the second magnetic circuit part 56B, is originally being shown
In example, the first magnetic circuit part 56A is arranged two, and the second magnetic circuit part 56B is arranged two.
It is provided in magnetic circuit part 56A, 56B towards the side opposed with rotor 40 i.e. radial outside multiple stators outstanding
Salient pole portion 62A, 62B.Each stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B is configured with separating predetermined gap relative to magnet 48.It is configured to each stator
Salient pole portion 62A, 62B's is smaller than the inner peripheral portion perimeter w1 of magnet 48 in the perimeter w2 of the terminal part of diametrically contraposition with rotor 40.
Stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B have two the first stator salient poles portion 62A and the setting for being set to the first magnetic circuit part 56A
In two the second stator salient poles portion 62B of the second magnetic circuit part 56B.First stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B match
It is placed in first with the first groove portion 52 of upside in every the first groove portion 52(such as figure alternately configured in the circumferential and downside
Groove portion 52) corresponding position.Specifically, the first stator salient poles portion 62A is configured in the circumferential per one alternately configured
First groove portion 52 of upside in a first groove portion 52(such as figure) and first slot adjacent in a circumferential side (clockwise direction)
In portion 52(such as figure right side the first groove portion 52) between circumferential range in.Second stator salient poles portion 62B is configured at one
One groove portion 52 and and its in the first adjacent groove portion 52(such as figure of circumferential another party's (counter clockwise direction) on the left of the first slot
Portion 52) between circumferential range in.In this example, two the first stator salient poles portion 62A and two the second stator salient poles portion 62B
It is alternately arranged in the circumferential, respectively each total setting 4.
Between the multiple first stator salient poles portion 62A for being set to a first magnetic circuit part 56A and it is set to one second
The second groove portion 64 is formed between multiple second stator salient poles portion 62B of magnetic circuit part 56B.Second groove portion 64 be formed as from rotor 40
The radially inner side of opposed side, that is, radial outside towards opposite side is recessed.The radial dimension of second groove portion 64 is than the first groove portion 52
Radial dimension it is small.As a result, radial ruler of each magnetic circuit part 56A, 56B at the part adjacent with the bottom side of the second groove portion 64
It is very little bigger than magnetic circuit interconnecting piece 54.As a result, as illustrating below, by armature winding 60 wound on each magnetic circuit part 56A, 56B
It is respective on the basis of, it is easy to ensure that the intensity of each magnetic circuit part 56A, 56B.
Also, each magnetic circuit part 56A, 56B be formed as circumferential width with towards the side opposed with rotor 40 i.e. radially
Outside and increase.As a result, by armature winding 60 wound on each magnetic circuit part 56A, 56B it is respective on the basis of, armature winding 60
It is not easy to be detached from from each magnetic circuit part 56A, 56B to radial outside.
In addition, the first groove portion 52 of setting is to separate the first stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles in the circumferential
Portion 62B.Also, the second groove portion 64 of setting is to separate each of multiple first stator salient poles portion 62A and more in the circumferential
Each of a second stator salient poles portion 62B.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view for indicating the armature winding 60 of generator 10.In detail in this figure to axial side's (paper of rotor 40
Face nearby side) the coiling direction B of armature winding 60 be indicated together.Stator 38 also has wound on multiple first groove portions 52
Between armature winding 60.Armature winding 60 is wound on the first magnetic circuit being set between the first adjacent in the circumferential groove portion 52
In some in portion 56A and the second magnetic circuit part 56B.At this point, armature winding 60 to cross over multiple first salient stators in the circumferential
The mode of pole portion 62A or multiple second stator salient poles portion 62B are wound.Armature winding 60 is with from circumferential two sides and axial sides
The mode for surrounding such multiple first stator salient poles portion 62A or multiple second stator salient poles portion 62B is wound.
The first groove portion being arranged using in this way in order to separate the first stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B
52 space is stored armature winding 60 within this space and is therefore inhibited radial thickness with the amount of armature winding 60.
Armature winding 60 is wound between the first adjacent in the circumferential groove portion 52 in a manner of concentratred winding, but can also be with
It is wound by way of Distributed Winding in a manner of via other first groove portions 52.In the circumferential adjacent armature winding 60 with
Coiling direction B winding reversely with each other, but can also be wound to identical direction.
As will be explained later, in armature winding 60, the alternating current with phase is generated when rotor 40 rotates.Each armature
Winding 60 is electrically connected in parallel, and output end is connect with rectification circuit (not shown), to the alternating current of rectification circuit output single-phase.
Rectification short circuit is supplied it to and is set as external electrical after carrying out rectification and smoothing etc. to alternating current and being converted to direct current
Standby headlight 24(is referring to Fig.1).In addition, each armature winding 60 can also be electrically connected in series.
Fig. 5 is the figure for indicating the positional relationship of magnet 48 and stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B.In detail in this figure, in order to multiple
A part in magnet 48 and stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B distinguishes, and comes in the letter such as respective label end mark (a)
It indicates.There is also similarly indicate in attached drawing below.
It is set between magnetic pole of multiple first stator salient poles portion 62A based on each magnet 48 of a first magnetic circuit part 56A
Relationship away from λ is configured at the position being staggered in the circumferential with the angle equal with λ × 2.It is set to a second magnetic circuit part 56B's
Multiple second stator salient poles portion 62B is also configured at the position being staggered in the circumferential with the angle equal with λ × 2.Also, first
Other second stator salient poles portion 62B adjacent in the circumferential is configured at the angle equal with λ × 3 near stator salient poles portion 62A
Spend the position being staggered in the circumferential.
As a result, when n is 1 or more natural number, the first stator salient poles portion 62A configuration is relative to other first stators
The position that salient pole portion 62A is staggered in the circumferential with the angle equal with λ × 2n.For example, the first stator salient poles portion 62A(a) it is opposite
Adjacent other the first stator salient poles portion 62A(b of Yu Qi clockwise direction) it is staggered in the circumferential with λ × 2, relative to inverse at its
Adjacent other the first stator salient poles portion 62A(f of clockwise) with λ × 3 λ × 8(=λ × 3+ λ × 2+) be staggered in the circumferential.The
Two stator salient poles portion 62B are similarly configured at relative to the second stator salient poles portion 62B of others with the angle equal with λ × 2n
The position being staggered in the circumferential.
Also, the second stator salient poles portion 62B is configured relative to the first stator salient poles portion 62A with equal with λ × (2n+1)
The position that is staggered in the circumferential of angle.For example, the second stator salient poles portion 62B(h) relative to adjacent in its clockwise direction
First stator salient poles portion 62A(a) it is staggered with λ × 3, relative to the first stator salient poles portion 62A(f adjacent in its counter clockwise direction)
Be staggered λ × 3 λ × 5(=λ × 2+).
The movement of above generator 10 is illustrated using Fig. 6 to Fig. 9.Each figure indicates that rotor 40 is each to direction P
Rotate state when electric angle pi/2.Also, it mainly indicates to flow through the main flux in the magnetic flux of rotor core 46 etc. in Fig. 6 and Fig. 8
Flowing, the flowing of leakage magnetic flux omits.Also, the flowing of leakage magnetic flux is indicated in figures 7 and 9.The position in Fig. 6 is closed below
Electric angle when being is zero, and in Fig. 7, into Fig. 9, electric angle is pi/2, π, 3 pi/2s.Also, for convenience, to a magnet 48(a) mark
" o " marks to indicate.
As shown in fig. 6, each stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B are in the magnet 48 near it in radial direction when electric angle is zero
Position that is opposed and being overlapped with the entire width that magnet 48 spreads circumferential direction.At this point, the magnet opposed with the first stator salient poles portion 62A
48 magnetic pole is the pole N, and the magnetic pole of the magnet 48 opposed with the second stator salient poles portion 62B is the pole S.That is, the first salient stator
The extremely different magnetic pole of the magnetic of pole portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B opposed magnet 48.
Flowed through in each first stator salient poles portion 62A as a result, from the opposed magnet 48 of radial outside towards radially inner side
Magnetic flux, flowed through in each second stator salient poles portion 62B towards the opposed magnet 48 of radial outside magnetic flux.As a result shape
At across across the first stator salient poles portion 62A of the circumferential two sides of first groove portion 52 and closing for the second stator salient poles portion 62B
The magnetic circuit Mp of ring.Such as magnet 48(b) form following magnetic circuit Mp: via the first stator salient poles portion 62A(a) → magnetic circuit interconnecting piece
54(a) → second stator salient poles portion 62B(h) reach magnet 48(s), and then initial magnet 48 is returned to via rotor core 46
(b).
Magnetic circuit Mp is formed as interlinking in each 60 inner radial of armature winding.At this point, the first adjacent groove portion in the circumferential
The one party being provided between 52 in multiple first stator salient poles portion 62A or multiple second stator salient poles portion 62B.Therefore, energy
Make the magnetic flux phase generated from each magnet 48 in the enough armature winding 60 circumferentially across multiple stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B
Direction together and interlinkage.
As shown in fig. 7, each stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B are in adjacent in the circumferential near it when electric angle is pi/2
Two magnet 48 diametrically contraposition and with each magnet 48 throughout the position that a circumferential half width is overlapped.The two magnet 48
Magnetic pole is the pole N, the pole S.
As a result forming the magnetic circuit Mp of following closed loop: from an adjacent in the circumferential magnet 48 towards another magnet
48, via turning back after each stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B opposed with them and rotor core 46.Magnetic circuit Mp is formed as not interlinking
Each armature winding 60.
As shown in figure 8, when electric angle is π, each stator salient poles portion 62A be in the magnet 48 near it in diametrically contraposition and
With the magnet 48 throughout the position that circumferential entire width is overlapped.At this point, the magnet 48 opposed with the first stator salient poles portion 62A
Magnetic pole is the pole S, and the magnetic pole of the magnet 48 opposed with the second stator salient poles portion 62B is the pole N.That is, the first stator salient poles portion
Opposite magnetic pole when the magnetic pole of 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B opposed magnet 48 is is zero with electric angle.
Flowed through in each second stator salient poles portion 62B as a result, from the opposed magnet 48 of radial outside towards radially inner side
Magnetic flux, flowed through in each first stator salient poles portion 62A towards the opposed magnet 48 of radial outside magnetic flux.As a result shape
At across across the first stator salient poles portion 62A of the circumferential two sides of first groove portion 52 and closing for the second stator salient poles portion 62B
The magnetic circuit Mp of ring.For example, magnet 48(r) form following magnetic circuit Mp: via the second stator salient poles portion 62B(h) connection of → magnetic circuit
Portion 54(a) → the first stator salient poles portion 62A(a) reach magnet 48(a), and then initial magnet is returned to via rotor core 46
48(r).
Magnetic circuit Mp is formed as interlinking in each 60 inner radial of armature winding.At this point, (reference when magnetic circuit Mp and electric angle are zero
It Fig. 6) compares, the direction to interlink in armature winding 60 is opposite direction.
As shown in figure 9, each stator salient poles portion 62A is in adjacent in the circumferential near it when electric angle is 3 pi/2
Two magnet 48 spread the position that a circumferential half width is overlapped in diametrically contraposition and with each magnet 48.The magnetic of the two magnet 48
The extremely pole N, the pole S.
The state that above such electric angle is zero is set as first state, and the state that electric angle is π is set as the second state.
In this case, when any state in first state and the second state, the magnet 48 opposed with the first stator salient poles portion 62A
Magnetic pole and be all different magnetic poles from the magnetic pole of the opposed magnet 48 of the second stator salient poles portion 62B.Also, these magnetic poles are
It is the magnetic pole opposite with first state under two-state.
As shown in fig. 6, in an armature winding 60(such as armature winding 60(b)) in, in first state, form direction
The magnetic circuit Mp that a radial side (inside) interlinks.Also, as shown in figure 8, in an armature winding 60, in the second state, shape
At the magnetic circuit Mp to interlink towards radial another party (outside).With an armature winding 60 adjacent other armatures in the circumferential
Winding 60(such as armature winding 60(a)) in, as shown in fig. 6, being formed and being handed over towards radial another party (outside) in first state
The magnetic circuit Mp of chain.Also, as shown in figure 8, in the second state, being formed towards a radial side in other armature winding 60
The magnetic circuit Mp of (inside) interlinkage.That is, when being switched between first state and the second state, with each armature around
The magnetic flux to interlink in group 60 switches in the mode of radial direction reversion, to generate the induced electricity of exchange in each armature winding 60
Kinetic potential.At this point, the variation pattern of the magnetic circuit Mp formed in each armature winding 60 is identical, generate in each armature winding 60 with phase
Alternating current.In this way, in generator 10, multiple magnet 48, multiple stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B position be determined as first state
It is alternately switched with the second state.
The function and effect of above generator 10 are illustrated.
In general, the frequency f(Hz of generator) in the revolving speed N(r/min of rotor) and the number of poles P of generator between meet
The relationship of following mathematical expressions (1).Here the number of poles P of so-called generator is the quantity (20 of magnet 48 in the present embodiment
It is a).
N=120 × f/P ... (1)
The present inventor is analyzed using structure shown in Fig. 3.In this analysis, the revolving speed N of rotor 40 is set as 120
(r/min), the frequency f(Hz of the electric power issued by each armature winding 60 is found out), it is thus identified that the quantity with magnet 48 can be obtained
The electric power of corresponding frequency f.As a result, finding out frequency f is 20(Hz), it confirmed the quantity of magnet 48 by mathematical expression (1)
For the number of poles of generator.
Therefore, in the generator of present embodiment 10, the quantity of magnet 48 is more, and the frequency of induced electromotive force is bigger,
Even if being also easy to get the alternating current of high frequency in the case where the revolving speed of rotor 40 is small.In addition, the voltage of induced electromotive force with
The product of the magnetic flux and frequency that interlink in armature winding 60 is proportional, and therefore, the alternating current that can obtain high frequency correspondingly becomes energy
Enough obtain the alternating current of high voltage.
Also, the first stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B are set to across the position of the first groove portion 52,
To be easy being spaced apart between them.Even if the first stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B is logical as a result,
It crosses magnet 48 to be excited as different polarity, is also easy to inhibit between the first stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B
Leakage magnetic flux generation.Therefore, the leakage magnetic flux between the first stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B is being inhibited to produce
While raw, it is easy to minimize the outer diameter of the rotor 40 of generator 10 and stator 38.In addition, such inhibit first to determine
Leakage magnetic flux between sub- salient pole portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B generates the magnetic for exactly inhibiting to interlink in armature winding 60
Lead to and reduces and generator easy to use 10 obtains enough output voltages.
The first groove portion being arranged using in this way in order to separate the first stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B
Armature winding 60 is stored in 52 space within this space, therefore, inhibits radial thickness with the amount of armature winding 60.
Also, such as recorded in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2012-182961 bulletin by armature winding wound on the more of stator
In threephase alternator in each of a salient pole portion, along with the increase of the number of magnetic poles of rotor, the quantity of armature winding
Increase, accordingly results in the reduction of high cost and assemblability.For the point, in the present embodiment, the friendship of high frequency can be obtained
Galvanic electricity, and the quantity for not increasing the quantity of armature winding 60 and only increasing magnet 48 therefore correspondingly being capable of reduction department
Number of packages amount can reduce cost while obtain good assemblability.
Also, in previous claw-pole type generator, the magnetic flux for flowing to the claw of each stator core from the magnet of rotor exists
It is flowed after axially varying direction towards the root of claw in claw.The magnetic orthogonal with magnetic circuit direction (axial direction) of the claw
Road sectional area is determined according to the radial thickness of claw and perimeter.Here, make outer diameter not changing the axial length of generator
In the case where miniaturization, the axial length of the claw of stator core is constant and attenuates in the circumferential, and the clearance plane opposed with magnet attenuates,
And radial thickness reduces, as a result, the magnetic circuit sectional area of claw root reduces.As a result, about the claw of stator core
It is easy to concentrate on the root of the small claw of magnetic circuit sectional area in the magnetic flux that clearance plane is born, is easy to generate magnetic saturation in root.Its
It as a result is to be difficult to flow in the magnetic flux of armature winding interlinkage, it is difficult to obtain enough output voltages using generator.
For the point, in the generator 10 of present embodiment, in stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B of stator core 50,
Magnetic flux be not towards it is axial and towards Radial Flow.The magnetic orthogonal with magnetic circuit direction (radial direction) of the stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B
Road sectional area is determined according to the axial length of stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B and perimeter, even if the outer diameter in generator 10 is small-sized
It is also not easy to change in the case where change.Therefore, even if can also pass through increasing in the case where the miniaturization of the outer diameter of generator 10
The axial length of long stator iron core 50 ensures the magnetic circuit sectional area of stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B.Even if as a result, in the outer of generator 10
In the case that diameter is compact in size, it is also able to suppress the magnetically saturated generation of stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B, is inhibited in armature winding
The reduction of the magnetic flux to interlink in 60, so that generator easy to use 10 obtains enough output voltages.
Also, multiple first stator salient poles portion 62A or multiple is set between the first adjacent groove portion 52 in the circumferential
Two stator salient poles portion 62B can in the armature winding 60 wound in a manner of circumferentially crossing over stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B
Make from the identical direction of magnetic flux that each magnet 48 generates and interlink by multiple stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B.As a result, with
It compares the magnetic flux interlinkage generated from single magnet 48 in armature winding 60, is capable of increasing the change of the magnetic flux in armature winding 60
Change amount is correspondingly easy to get the alternating current of high voltage.
Also, each first stator salient poles portion 62A is relative to other first stator salient poles portion 62A with the angle equal with λ × 2n
Degree is staggered, and each second stator salient poles portion 62B is staggered relative to the first stator salient poles portion 62A with the angle equal with λ × (2n+1).
It is aligned each stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B relative to the relative position of magnet 48, makes the magnetic by generating from each magnet 48
The mode of the variation of the logical magnetic circuit Mp formed is consistent, and the alternating current of same phase can be readily available using each armature winding 60.
Also, stator core 50 and rotor core 46 are constituted since multiple metal plates can be laminated, it can be substantially
Iron loss caused by the eddy current at part that ground inhibits main flux to be passed through.
[second embodiment]
Figure 10 is the cross-sectional view for indicating the generator 10 of second embodiment, and Figure 11 is the armature winding for indicating generator 10
60 cross-sectional view.The magnet 48 of rotor 40 adds up in the example of fig. 3 is provided with 20, and adds up to setting 22 in this example
It is a.Magnetic pole pitch λ is about 16.36 ° (=360 °/22).First stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B are Fig. 3's
Two are each provided in the first magnetic circuit part 56A and the second magnetic circuit part 56B in example, but is each provided with 5 in this example.This
The quantity of sample, magnet 48 and stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B are not particularly limited.
The movement of generator 10 more than being illustrated using Figure 12 to Figure 15.Each figure indicates that rotor 40 revolves every time to direction P
Turn state when electric angle pi/2.Mainly expression flows through the stream of the main flux in the magnetic flux of rotor core 46 etc. in Figure 12 and Figure 14
Dynamic, the flowing of leakage magnetic flux is omitted.Also, the flowing of leakage magnetic flux is indicated in Figure 13 and Figure 15.The position in Figure 12 is closed below
Electric angle when being is zero, and in Figure 13, into Figure 15, electric angle is pi/2, π, 3 pi/2s.
As shown in figure 12, when electric angle is zero, each stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B are in the magnet 48 near it in radial direction
Position that is opposed and being overlapped with the entire width that the magnet 48 spreads circumferential direction.It is identically formed and wears with first embodiment as a result,
Cross the closed loop of the first stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B of the circumferential two sides across first groove portion 52
Magnetic circuit Mp.
As shown in figure 13, when electric angle is pi/2, each stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B are in and the phase in the circumferential near it
Two adjacent magnet 48 spread the position that a circumferential half width is overlapped in diametrically contraposition and with each magnet 48.As a result, with first
Embodiment is identically formed the magnetic circuit Mp of following closed loop: from an adjacent in the circumferential magnet 48 towards another magnet
48, it turns back via each stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B opposed with them and rotor core 46.
As shown in figure 14, when electric angle is π, each stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B are in the magnet 48 near it in radial direction
Position that is opposed and being overlapped with the entire width that the magnet 48 spreads circumferential direction.It is identically formed and wears with first embodiment as a result,
Cross the closed loop of the first stator salient poles portion 62A and the second stator salient poles portion 62B of the circumferential two sides across first groove portion 52
Magnetic circuit Mp.
As shown in figure 15, when electric angle is 3 pi/2, each stator salient poles portion 62A, 62B are in and the phase in the circumferential near it
Two adjacent magnet 48 spread the position that a circumferential half width is overlapped in diametrically contraposition and with each magnet 48.It is consequently formed and electricity
Angle identical magnetic circuit Mp when being pi/2.
As shown in figure 12, in an armature winding 60(such as armature winding 60(b)) in, in first state, form court
The magnetic circuit Mp to interlink to a radial side (inside).Also, as shown in figure 14, in an armature winding 60, in the second state,
Form the magnetic circuit Mp to interlink towards radial another party (outside).Also, with an armature winding 60 adjacent its in the circumferential
His armature winding 60(such as armature winding 60(a)) in, as shown in figure 12, in first state, formed towards radial another
The magnetic circuit Mp of side (outside) interlinkage.Also, as shown in figure 14, in other armature winding 60, in the second state, court is formed
The magnetic circuit Mp to interlink to a radial side (inside).It is same as first embodiment, when being cut between first state and the second state
When changing, switch in such a way that the magnetic flux to interlink in each armature winding 60 is in radial direction reversion, thus in each armature winding
60 generate the induced electromotive force of exchange.At this point, the mode of the variation of the magnetic circuit Mp formed in each armature winding 60 is identical, each
The alternating current with phase is generated in armature winding 60.
For in above generator 10, the present inventor is also analyzed using structure shown in Fig. 10.In the analysis
In, the revolving speed N of rotor 40 is set as 120(r/min), find out the frequency f(Hz of the electric power issued by each armature winding 60), confirmation
The electric power of frequency f corresponding with the quantity of magnet 48 (22) can be obtained.As a result, finding out frequency f is 22(Hz), lead to
Crossing mathematical expression (1) confirmed that the quantity of magnet 48 is the number of poles of generator.
Therefore, also same as first embodiment using the generator of present embodiment 10, the quantity of magnet 48 is more,
The frequency of induced electromotive force is bigger, even if being also easy to get the alternating current of high frequency in the case where the revolving speed of rotor 40 is small.At it
His aspect also obtains function and effect same as first embodiment.
Above according to embodiment, the present invention is described, but embodiment only indicates original of the invention
Reason and application.It, can be with also, in embodiments, in the range of not departing from the thought of the invention of claim defined
Carry out the change of a large amount of variation and configuration.
Generator 10 is illustrated by taking generator of bicycle as an example, but its purposes is without being limited thereto.Also, generator
10 for generator of bicycle 10, and rotor 40 can rotate in linkage with the rotation of the rotating part of bicycle 12 is
It can.Here rotating part is illustrated by taking the front-wheel 22 as wheel as an example, but other than hub shell, crank, it can also
To be the belt wheel etc. of rear chiain-moving device (chain tensioning device).Also, generator 10 can also be not hub generator and be configured to roller
Formula generator etc..Although generator 10 is illustrated by taking external rotor generator as an example, it is also possible in stator 38
Inner circumferential side is configured with the inner-rotor-type generator of rotor 40.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of generator, which is characterized in that
Include:
Stator；With
Rotor is configured at the peripheral side or inner circumferential side of said stator,
Above-mentioned rotor has multiple magnet, and multiple magnet is alternately different in the circumferential from the opposed magnetic pole of said stator
Magnetic pole,
Said stator includes the stator core for being formed with multiple first groove portions at spaced intervals in the circumferential；It is above-mentioned with being wound in
Armature winding between multiple first groove portions,
Said stator iron core includes the first stator salient poles portion, be configured at above-mentioned first groove portion and and its in a circumferential side
Between the first adjacent groove portion；With the second stator salient poles portion, be configured at the first groove portion of said one and and its circumferential another
Between the first groove portion of Fang Xianglin,
The position of above-mentioned magnet, above-mentioned first stator salient poles portion and above-mentioned second stator salient poles portion is determined as, in above-mentioned rotor
First state is alternately switched with the second state when rotation, and the first state is and above-mentioned first stator salient poles portion and above-mentioned
The different state of the magnetic pole of the respective opposed magnet in two stator salient poles portions, second state are and above-mentioned first stator salient poles
The magnetic pole of the respective opposed magnet in portion and above-mentioned second stator salient poles portion is the state of the magnetic pole opposite with first state,
Configure in the first groove portion of said one and at least with it two above-mentioned the between the first adjacent groove portion of a circumferential side
One stator salient poles portion,
The first groove portion of said one and at least configured between the first adjacent groove portion of circumferential another party with it two it is above-mentioned
Second stator salient poles portion.
2. generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Above-mentioned multiple magnet configurations in the position being staggered in the circumferential with the angle equal with predetermined angular λ,
The configuration of above-mentioned first stator salient poles portion relative to other first stator salient poles portions with the angle equal with λ × 2n in week
The position being staggered upwards, wherein n is 1 or more natural number,
The configuration of above-mentioned second stator salient poles portion is being existed relative to above-mentioned first stator salient poles portion with the angle equal with λ × (2n+1)
The position being staggered in circumferential direction.
3. generator according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
Said stator iron core is constituted and multiple metal plates are laminated on the axis direction in the rotation center of above-mentioned rotor.
4. generator according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
This generator is the generator of bicycle that above-mentioned rotor can rotate in linkage with the rotation of the rotating part of bicycle.
5. generator according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
This generator is the hub generator of bicycle.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015-023223 | 2015-02-09 | ||
| JP2015023223A JP6894661B2 (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2015-02-09 | Generator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105871091A CN105871091A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| CN105871091B true CN105871091B (en) | 2019-06-28 |
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| CN201610010634.4A Active CN105871091B (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2016-01-08 | Generator |
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|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6894661B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105871091B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102016201853A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005269795A (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-29 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Brushless motor |
| CN2825352Y (en) * | 2005-08-15 | 2006-10-11 | 杨光明 | Boosting device for electricity generation driven by wheel |
| JP2012182961A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-20 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Hub dynamo for bicycle |
| US8922087B1 (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2014-12-30 | Norman P Rittenhouse | High efficiency low torque ripple multi-phase permanent magnet machine |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0648341A (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1994-02-22 | Isonic:Kk | Dynamo for bicycle |
| JP3280158B2 (en) * | 1994-04-27 | 2002-04-30 | 株式会社安川電機 | DC brushless motor |
| JP3704857B2 (en) * | 1997-01-20 | 2005-10-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Reluctance motor |
| JP2001238421A (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-31 | Moric Co Ltd | Single-phase multipolar magnet type generator for vehicle |
| JP2002044918A (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-02-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Two-phase reluctance motor |
| JP4250878B2 (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2009-04-08 | パナソニック株式会社 | Vernier type brushless motor |
| JP4114372B2 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2008-07-09 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Electric motor |
| JP2003284305A (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-10-03 | Japan Servo Co Ltd | Three-phase brushless motor with inductor type core armature |
| JP4235431B2 (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2009-03-11 | デンソートリム株式会社 | Single-phase magnet generator |
| JP4111966B2 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2008-07-02 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Bicycle dynamo and bicycle lighting device equipped with the bicycle dynamo |
| JP4922600B2 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2012-04-25 | 株式会社ミツバ | Switched reluctance motor |
-
2015
- 2015-02-09 JP JP2015023223A patent/JP6894661B2/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-01-08 CN CN201610010634.4A patent/CN105871091B/en active Active
- 2016-02-08 DE DE102016201853.1A patent/DE102016201853A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005269795A (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-29 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Brushless motor |
| CN2825352Y (en) * | 2005-08-15 | 2006-10-11 | 杨光明 | Boosting device for electricity generation driven by wheel |
| JP2012182961A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-20 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Hub dynamo for bicycle |
| US8922087B1 (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2014-12-30 | Norman P Rittenhouse | High efficiency low torque ripple multi-phase permanent magnet machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6894661B2 (en) | 2021-06-30 |
| DE102016201853A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
| JP2016146713A (en) | 2016-08-12 |
| CN105871091A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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