CN105866834A - Single branch refraction data interpretation method based on automatic identification refraction wave starting point and system thereof - Google Patents
Single branch refraction data interpretation method based on automatic identification refraction wave starting point and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single branch refraction data interpretation method based on an automatic identification refraction wave starting point and a system thereof. Firstly, through cycled searching and conditional determination, a refracted wave starting point is automatically identified in a single branch time distance curve; and then, a surface seismic wave effective speed and an interface speed of an underlying target layer are automatically calculated; and finally, surface thickness of each measuring point is calculated. Time for engineering technicians to determine the refraction wave starting point according to experience in a single branch or a meeting reflection time distance curve can be greatly reduced, and work efficiency of a single branch or a meeting seismic refraction exploration data analysis can be greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geophysical technique field, relate to engineering geophysics shallow seismic refraction exploration (test)
Data analysing method, particularly relates to a kind of based on automatically identifying that the list of refracted wave starting point props up refraction data interpretation side
Method.It is mainly used in hydroelectric project, hydraulic engineering, highway, railway and the field such as industry and civil buildings
Use single under simple site condition or observation system carries out the data analysis of seismic refraction exploration.
Background technology
So-called simple place refers to that stratum is stable and cross directional variations is less, landform is smooth and geomorphic unit is single or ground
The place that shape changes with bed boundary homomorphism, this place is typical in all kinds of engineering constructions.Verify
Simple place upper caldding layer thickness, the most economic method reliably surely belongs to use single or observation system
Seismic refraction exploitation method.
Shallow seismic refraction exploitation method is the method that engineering geophysics is conventional, is that overburden cover detects effective physical prospecting
One of means, have a wide range of applications in multiple fields such as hydroelectric project, hydraulic engineering, highway, railways,
It has that precision is high, speed fast and the feature such as low cost.Shallow seismic refraction exploration includes multiple data acquisition
Mode (i.e. observation system), various different observation systems have different place adaptabilities.For simple place
For, use single or observation system can meet required precision, data acquisition can also be substantially reduced simultaneously
Collection cost and raising work efficiency.
The main process of shallow seismic refraction survey data analysis includes: pickup seismic first breaks when walking, time away from
Curve determines refracted wave starting point (i.e. the displacement point of direct wave and refracted wave), according to refracted wave starting point time away from
Relation calculates top layer seismic wave effective speed, calculate with least-square analysis under sleeping destination layer boundary velocity,
The skin depth (buried depth of sleeping destination layer under i.e.) of each measuring point of analytical calculation.Refracted wave in visible time curve
Starting point is the committed step during shallow seismic refraction survey data, and the whether accurate of this point directly influences
Top layer seismic wave effective speed and the accuracy of lower sleeping destination layer boundary velocity, and affect final data analysis
The reliability of result and precision.
In theory, for the simple place of double-layer structure, obtained by using single or observation system
Time curve is the broken line that two crossing Straight Combination of direct wave and refracted wave become, the starting point of refracted wave
It it is exactly the intersection point of two straight lines.But it practice, the P wave speed of entry material is the function of the degree of depth, i.e.
Can be gradually increased because of being gradually increased of compaction rate from top to bottom, direct wave time curve is not the most one
Bar straight line, but some discrete curve points, refracted wave is the discrete point of a near linear.Therefore, dividing
When analysing the refraction seismic data obtained by single of employing or observation system, may often be such that by engineering skill
The experience of art personnel is by the refracted wave starting point during time curve is found in tentative calculation repeatedly, and this just requires engineering
Technical staff must have higher Specialized Quality and abundant practical experience, and the efficiency of data analysis is relatively
Low.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of based on automatically identifying that the list of refracted wave starting point props up refraction data interpretation
Method and system, first passes through circulation searching and conditional judgment and automatically identifies refracted wave in single time curve
Starting point, the most automatically calculates top layer seismic wave effective speed and the boundary velocity of lower sleeping destination layer, finally calculates
Go out the skin depth of each measuring point, engineers and technicians in single or the refraction time curve that meets can be greatly reduced
Rule of thumb judge the time that refracted wave starting point is spent, be remarkably improved single or seismic refraction exploration of meeting
The work efficiency of data analysis, thus solve foregoing problems present in prior art.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of based on automatically identifying that the list of refracted wave starting point props up refraction data decomposition method, first pass through circulation and look into
Look for and in single time curve, automatically identify refracted wave starting point with conditional judgment, the most automatically calculate top layer earthquake
Ripple effective speed and the boundary velocity of lower sleeping destination layer, finally calculate the skin depth of each measuring point.
Preferably, following steps are specifically included:
S1, pickup seismic first breaks is when walking, and identifies, picks up seismic first breaks when walking in seismic waveform data；
S2, draws single or reversed profile, away from pass when setting up each measuring point seismic wave needed for analytical calculation
It it is curve chart；
S3, identifies the refracted wave starting point in time curve automatically, bent according to the seismic wave time-distance equation set up
Line chart automatically identifies and searches refracted wave starting point；
S4, analytical calculation also exports interpretation achievement, automatically analyzes each measuring point skin depth of calculating and exports final
Achievement.
Preferably, when pickup seismic first breaks described in S1 is walked, particularly as follows: first by the ground of seismic instrument record
Shake data are converted to RPS formatted data, then editor's survey line number, shot point pile No., reception pile No. File header information,
Dependency according to adjacent recorded trace seismic first breaks is identified, when pickup seismic first breaks is walked.
Preferably, described in S2, draw single or reversed profile, particularly as follows: select suitable painting in length and breadth
Figure ratio, when walking according to the seismic first breaks in the seismic data file obtained, with little pile No. limit shot point
For zero, with receive pile No. as abscissa, walk with seismic first breaks time draw time curve for vertical coordinate.
Preferably, the refracted wave starting point in time curve is automatically identified described in S3, particularly as follows: use circulation
Process searches refracted wave starting point on time curve automatically；
Each described cyclic process all includes three subprocess:
S31, automatically analyzes calculating top layer seismic wave effective speed；
S32, the boundary velocity of sleeping destination layer under calculating with least-square analysis；
S33, whether the point found by conditional judgment is refracted wave starting point；
Wherein to be that the time-distance equation (T, X) according to institute's reconnaissance asks for top layer seismic wave effective for S31 subprocess
Speed V1, S32 subprocess is respectively to reflect wave point (T, X) to ask for target with least-squares algorithm linear fitting
Boundary velocity V of layer2, S33 subprocess is to judge whether found point is that refracted wave rises with restrictive condition
Point, is also used to terminate the Rule of judgment of circulation.
Preferably, described cyclic process particularly as follows:
1. time curve on select nearest one from shot point reception point (T1, X1), by this point (T1, X1)
As imaginary refracted wave starting point, later for this point is respectively received point (T2, X2)、(T3, X3)...(Ti,
Xi) all as the refraction wave point of lower sleeping destination layer；
2. according to point (T1, X1) time-distance equation try to achieve seismic wave effective speed V on top layer1；
3. with method of least square to point (T2, X2) later each point (Ti, Xi) carry out linear fit, try to achieve
With point (T2, X2) it is lower sleeping destination layer boundary velocity V of starting point2；
4. with method of least square to point (T3, X3) later each point (Ti, Xi) carry out linear fit, try to achieve
With point (T3, X3) it is destination layer boundary velocity V of starting point2＇；
5. with V2V1It is Rule of judgment with 0.1, if the two condition can not be met simultaneously, then automatically by the next one
Point (T2, X2) repeat said process as imaginary refracted wave starting point, sentence until meet above-mentioned two simultaneously
Broken strip part, the point (T now foundk, Xk) it is refracted wave starting point.
Preferably, analytical calculation described in S4 also exports interpretation achievement, particularly as follows: according to being identified and searching
The refraction starting point arrived and each (T receiving pointi, Xi) skin depth of each measuring point of analytical calculation, and export interpretation
Achievement.
A kind of based on automatically identifying that the list of refracted wave starting point props up refraction data interpretation system, including:
Pickup model when seismic first breaks is walked, for identifying, picking up seismic first breaks in seismic waveform data
When walking；
Single or reversed profile drafting module, set up each measuring point earthquake needed for analytical calculation for drawing
Ripple time-distance equation curve chart；
The automatic identification module of refracted wave starting point, for automatic according to the seismic wave time-distance equation curve chart set up
Identify and search refracted wave starting point；
Interpretation achievement analytical calculation output module, be used for automatically analyzing each measuring point skin depth of calculating and exporting
End result.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The list based on identification refracted wave starting point automatically of the present invention props up refraction data decomposition method and system is the most logical
Cross circulation searching and conditional judgment in single time curve, automatically identify refracted wave starting point, the most automatically calculate
Top layer seismic wave effective speed and the boundary velocity of lower sleeping destination layer, finally calculate the skin depth of each measuring point,
Engineers and technicians in single or the refraction time curve that meets can be greatly reduced and rule of thumb judge that refracted wave rises
The time that point is spent, it is remarkably improved single or the work efficiency of seismic refraction survey data analysis of meeting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the step propping up refraction data decomposition method based on the automatic list identifying refracted wave starting point of the present invention
Flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the cyclic process schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram when walking of the pickup seismic first breaks in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is finally to interpret result schematic diagram in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, right
The present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that detailed description of the invention described herein only in order to
Explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of list based on identification refracted wave starting point automatically and prop up refraction data
Decomposition method and system, first pass through circulation searching and conditional judgment and automatically identify folding in single time curve
Ejected wave starting point, calculates top layer seismic wave effective speed and the boundary velocity of lower sleeping destination layer, finally the most automatically
Calculate the skin depth of each measuring point, specifically include following steps:
S1, pickup seismic first breaks is when walking, and identifies, picks up seismic first breaks when walking in seismic waveform data；
It is the basic data of refracted seismic data analysis when seismic first breaks is walked, is also the basic number drawing time curve
According to；Particularly as follows: first the geological data of seismic instrument record to be converted to specific RPS formatted data, then compile
Collect survey line number, shot point pile No., receive the File header information such as pile No., according to adjacent recorded trace seismic first breaks
Dependency is identified, when pickup seismic first breaks is walked；
S2, draws single or reversed profile, sets up each measuring point seismic wave time-distance equation needed for analytical calculation
Curve chart；For automatically identifying that refracted wave starting point sets up Visualization Platform；Particularly as follows: select suitable painting in length and breadth
Figure ratio, when walking according to the seismic first breaks in the seismic data file obtained, with little pile No. limit shot point
For zero, with receive pile No. as abscissa, walk with seismic first breaks time draw time curve for vertical coordinate
(immediately away from relation curve)；
S3, identifies the refracted wave starting point in time curve, automatically according to the seismic wave time-distance equation curve set up
Figure automatically identifies and searches refracted wave starting point；Particularly as follows: use cyclic process automatically to search on time curve
Refracted wave starting point.Each cyclic process all includes three subprocess (as shown in Figure 2): subprocess 1, automatically
Analytical calculation top layer seismic wave effective speed；Subprocess 2, calculate with least-square analysis under sleeping destination layer
Boundary velocity；Whether subprocess 3, the point found by conditional judgment are refracted wave starting point.Wherein subprocess
1 is that the time-distance equation (T, X) according to institute's reconnaissance asks for top layer seismic wave effective speed V1, subprocess 2 is
Respectively reflect wave point (T, X) with least-squares algorithm linear fitting and ask for boundary velocity V of destination layer2, sub-mistake
Journey 3 is to judge whether found point is refracted wave starting point with restrictive condition, is also used to terminate circulation
Rule of judgment.Concrete cyclic process: 1. time curve on select from the nearest reception point (T of shot point1, X1),
By this point (T1, X1) as imaginary refracted wave starting point, by each (T receiving point later for this point2, X2)、
(T3, X3)...(Ti, Xi) all as the refraction wave point of lower sleeping destination layer；2. according to point (T1, X1) time
Seismic wave effective speed V on top layer is tried to achieve away from relation1；3. with method of least square to point (T2, X2) later each
Point (Ti, Xi) carry out linear fit, try to achieve with point (T2, X2) it is the lower sleeping destination layer boundary velocity of starting point
V2；4. with method of least square to point (T3, X3) later each point (Ti, Xi) carry out linear fit, try to achieve with
Point (T3, X3) it is destination layer boundary velocity V of starting point2＇；5. with V2V1It is Rule of judgment with 0.1, if can not
Meet the two condition, then automatically by next one point (T simultaneously2, X2) repeat as imaginary refracted wave starting point
Said process, until meet above-mentioned two Rule of judgment simultaneously.Point (the T now foundk, Xk) it is folding
Ejected wave starting point.
S4, analytical calculation also exports interpretation achievement, automatically analyzes each measuring point skin depth of calculating and exports final
Achievement.Particularly as follows: according to the refraction starting point that identifies and find and each (T receiving pointi, Xi) analysis meter
Calculate the skin depth of each measuring point, and export interpretation achievement.
Following example are that technical solution of the present invention is visited in some hydropower station pre feasibility study stage overburden cover
Survey the application in W10 section 0-100 pile No. Duan Danzhi shallow seismic refraction data analysis process.
The present embodiment includes: pickup seismic first breaks read time A, set up Parameter File B, draw time curve C,
Data dynamic associated analysis D Four processes.
1, A when pickup seismic first breaks is read:
The present embodiment is the geological data of seismic instrument record to be converted to specific RPS formatted data, then
The File header information such as editor's survey line number, shot point pile No., reception pile No., by comparison of wave shape and correlation analysis,
When pickup seismic refraction seismic first breaks is walked.
2, time curve B is drawn:
The present embodiment is to use vertical-horizontal proportion to be 1:1000 to draw time curve, i.e. with little pile No. limit shot point
For zero, with receive pile No. as abscissa, with seismic first breaks walk time for vertical coordinate draw data
The time of file and distance relation curve (accompanying drawing 3).
3, refracted wave starting point C is automatically identified:
The detailed process of the present embodiment is: 1. time curve on select nearest one from shot point reception point (T1,
X1), by this point (T1, X1) as imaginary refracted wave starting point, by each (T receiving point later for this point2,
X2)、(T3, X3)...(Ti, Xi) all as the refraction wave point of lower sleeping destination layer；2. according to point (T1,
X1) time-distance equation try to achieve seismic wave effective speed V on top layer1；3. with method of least square to point (T2, X2)
Later each point (Ti, Xi) carry out linear fit, try to achieve with point (T2, X2) it is the lower sleeping destination layer of starting point
Boundary velocity V2；4. with method of least square to point (T3, X3) later each point (Ti, Xi) carry out linearly
Matching, tries to achieve with point (T3, X3) it is destination layer boundary velocity V of starting point2＇；5. with V2V1With 0.1 it is
Rule of judgment, if the two condition can not be met simultaneously, then automatically by next one point (T2, X2) as false
The refracted wave starting point thought repeats said process, until meet above-mentioned two Rule of judgment simultaneously.Now find
Point (Tk, Xk) it is refracted wave starting point.
4, analytical calculation and export interpretation achievement D:
The operating process of the present embodiment is: according to the refraction starting point (T found on time curvek, Xk)
Calculated top layer seismic wave effective speed V1Boundary velocity V with lower sleeping destination layer2, several according to seismic wave
What propagation theoretical analysis calculates the skin depth of each measuring point, and exports interpretation achievement (accompanying drawing 4).
By using technique scheme disclosed by the invention, obtain following beneficial effect:
The list based on identification refracted wave starting point automatically of the present invention props up refraction data decomposition method and system is the most logical
Cross circulation searching and conditional judgment in single time curve, automatically identify refracted wave starting point, the most automatically calculate
Top layer seismic wave effective speed and the boundary velocity of lower sleeping destination layer, finally calculate the skin depth of each measuring point,
Engineers and technicians in single or the refraction time curve that meets can be greatly reduced and rule of thumb judge that refracted wave rises
The time that point is spent, it is remarkably improved single or the work efficiency of seismic refraction survey data analysis of meeting.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the common skill of the art
For art personnel, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, this
A little improvements and modifications also should regard protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a list based on identification refracted wave starting point automatically props up refraction data decomposition method, it is characterised in that
First pass through circulation searching and conditional judgment and in single time curve, automatically identify refracted wave starting point, then certainly
Dynamic calculating top layer seismic wave effective speed and the boundary velocity of lower sleeping destination layer, finally calculate the table of each measuring point
Layer thickness.
The most according to claim 1 based on automatically identifying that the list of refracted wave starting point props up refraction data interpretation side
Method, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps:
S1, pickup seismic first breaks is when walking, and identifies, picks up seismic first breaks when walking in seismic waveform data；
S2, draws single or reversed profile, sets up each measuring point seismic wave time-distance equation needed for analytical calculation
Curve chart；
S3, identifies the refracted wave starting point in time curve, automatically according to the seismic wave time-distance equation curve set up
Figure automatically identifies and searches refracted wave starting point；
S4, analytical calculation also exports interpretation achievement, automatically analyzes each measuring point skin depth of calculating and exports final one-tenth
Really.
The most according to claim 2 based on automatically identifying that the list of refracted wave starting point props up refraction data interpretation side
Method, it is characterised in that when pickup seismic first breaks described in S1 is walked, particularly as follows: first by seismic instrument record
Geological data be converted to RPS formatted data, then editor's survey line number, shot point pile No., receive pile No. file header
Information, is identified according to the dependency of adjacent recorded trace seismic first breaks, when pickup seismic first breaks is walked.
The most according to claim 2 based on automatically identifying that the list of refracted wave starting point props up refraction data interpretation side
Method, it is characterised in that draw single or reversed profile described in S2, particularly as follows: select suitable indulging
Horizontal drawing ratio, when walking according to the seismic first breaks in the seismic data file obtained, with little pile No. limit
Shot point be zero, with receive pile No. as abscissa, with seismic first breaks walk time for vertical coordinate draw time away from
Curve.
The most according to claim 2 based on automatically identifying that the list of refracted wave starting point props up refraction data interpretation side
Method, it is characterised in that automatically identify the refracted wave starting point in time curve described in S3, particularly as follows: use
Refracted wave starting point is searched in cyclic process on time curve automatically；
Each described cyclic process all includes three subprocess:
S31, automatically analyzes calculating top layer seismic wave effective speed；
S32, the boundary velocity of sleeping destination layer under calculating with least-square analysis；
S33, whether the point found by conditional judgment is refracted wave starting point；
Wherein to be that the time-distance equation (T, X) according to institute's reconnaissance asks for top layer seismic wave the fastest for S31 subprocess
Degree V1, S32 subprocess is respectively to reflect wave point (T, X) to ask for destination layer with least-squares algorithm linear fitting
Boundary velocity V2, S33 subprocess is to judge whether found point is that refracted wave rises with restrictive condition
Point, is also used to terminate the Rule of judgment of circulation.
The most according to claim 5 based on automatically identifying that the list of refracted wave starting point props up refraction data interpretation side
Method, it is characterised in that
Described cyclic process particularly as follows:
1. time curve on select nearest one from shot point reception point (T1, X1), by this point (T1, X1)
As imaginary refracted wave starting point, later for this point is respectively received point (T2, X2)、(T3, X3)...(Ti,
Xi) all as the refraction wave point of lower sleeping destination layer；
2. according to point (T1, X1) time-distance equation try to achieve seismic wave effective speed V on top layer1；
3. with method of least square to point (T2, X2) later each point (Ti, Xi) carry out linear fit, try to achieve
With point (T2, X2) it is lower sleeping destination layer boundary velocity V of starting point2；
4. with method of least square to point (T3, X3) later each point (Ti, Xi) carry out linear fit, try to achieve
With point (T3, X3) it is destination layer boundary velocity V of starting point2 ＇；
5. with V2V1It is Rule of judgment with 0.1, if the two condition can not be met simultaneously, then automatically by the next one
Point (T2, X2) repeat said process as imaginary refracted wave starting point, sentence until meet above-mentioned two simultaneously
Broken strip part, the point (T now foundk, Xk) it is refracted wave starting point.
The most according to claim 6 based on automatically identifying that the list of refracted wave starting point props up refraction data interpretation side
Method, it is characterised in that analytical calculation described in S4 also exports interpretation achievement, particularly as follows: according to being identified and
The refraction starting point found and each (T receiving pointi, Xi) skin depth of each measuring point of analytical calculation, and export
Interpretation achievement.
8. a list based on identification refracted wave starting point automatically props up refraction data interpretation system, it is characterised in that bag
Include:
Pickup model when seismic first breaks is walked, for identifying, pick up seismic first breaks in seismic waveform data
Time；
Single or reversed profile drafting module, set up each measuring point seismic wave needed for analytical calculation for drawing
Time-distance equation curve chart；
The automatic identification module of refracted wave starting point, for automatically knowing according to the seismic wave time-distance equation curve chart set up
Not with lookup refracted wave starting point；
Interpretation achievement analytical calculation output module, be used for automatically analyzing each measuring point skin depth of calculating and exporting
End result.
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| CN110825822B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-11-22 | 深圳云天励飞技术有限公司 | Personnel relationship query method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112965105A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-15 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Improved shallow refraction wave method for determining thickness of low-speed band |
| CN112965105B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-09-27 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Improved shallow refraction wave method for determining thickness of low-speed band |
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