CN105866711A - Method for measuring magnetic field through employing optical fibre Sagnac interferometer - Google Patents
Method for measuring magnetic field through employing optical fibre Sagnac interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105866711A CN105866711A CN201610165587.0A CN201610165587A CN105866711A CN 105866711 A CN105866711 A CN 105866711A CN 201610165587 A CN201610165587 A CN 201610165587A CN 105866711 A CN105866711 A CN 105866711A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/266—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light by interferometric means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring a magnetic field through employing an optical fibre Sagnac interferometer, and the method comprises the following steps: a), building a cascading Sagnac interferometer measurement system, wherein the system comprises a broadband light source pump source, a first doped rare earth element optical fiber, a second doped rare earth element optical fiber, a branch wavelength division multiplexer, a first optical coupler, a second optical coupler, a first fiber Sagnac ring, an isolator, a second fiber Sagnac ring, and a spectrometer; b), enabling the first and second fiber Sagnac rings to be attached to a controllable magnetic telescoping material, and carrying out the magnetic field calibration; c), gradually enlarging the magnetic field, enabling the spectrometer to collect a spectrum outputted by the second fiber Sagnac ring, recording the movement length of a comb-shaped spectrum, and carrying out the fitting of the relation curve of the deviation of the comb-shaped spectrum with the change of the magnetic field; d), carrying out the measurement of a to-be-measured magnetic field through employing the fitted relation curve of the deviation of the comb-shaped spectrum with the change of the magnetic field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber optic interferometric field, particularly to a kind of side utilizing optical fiber sagnac interferometer to measure magnetic field
Method.
Background technology
Generally, the sensor of light fibrillation has compact conformation, length in service life, sensitive to test volume, transmission channel is many
Advantage is widely used in the fields such as Fibre Optical Sensor, fiber optic communication, optical manufacturing.By fiber end face micro-processing technology or build
Having the full-fiber sensor of interference structure, under pumping source effect, output has the interference spectrum curve of comb spectrum pattern.2011
Nian Fanlin is brave et al. devises a kind of Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on twin-core fiber, is applied to magnetic field, temperature and dependent variable
Measuring, interference fringe lining amplitude ratio is about 10dBm, and fringe spacing is about 2nm.Zou Hui in 2013 et al. is by two three-dB coupler systems
Becoming Mach-Zehnder interference system, in conjunction with twin-core fiber, constitute the Mach-Zehnder interferometer of two-stage structure, striped lining amplitude ratio is about
30dBm.Optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer has the advantages such as simple in construction, fringe contrast is high, comb spectrum is intensive, is commonly used for
Sensory field of optic fibre.
But, the precision in this kind of method measurement magnetic field is not the highest, it is impossible to meet the demand of some high accuracy occasions.Level
Connection Sagnac interferometer structure is simple and is easily achieved, and it is dilute two sections of doping that this structure is formed welding by two optical fiber Sagnac rings
In earth elements optical fiber, rare earth doped optical fibre is also used as the gain media of sensor.Accordingly, it would be desirable to one can have utilization based on
The system and method for magnitude of field intensity accurately measured by cascade Sagnac interferometer.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method utilizing optical fiber sagnac interferometer to measure magnetic field, a side
Face, measuring method of the present invention comprises the steps:
A) building cascade Sagnac interferometer measuring system, described system includes that wideband light source pumping source, the first doping are dilute
Earth elements optical fiber, the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber, wavelength division multiplexer, the first photo-coupler, the second photo-coupler, first
Optical fiber Sagnac ring, isolator, the second optical fiber Sagnac ring, spectrogrph；
B) the first optical fiber Sagnac ring and the second optical fiber Sagnac ring are fitted with controllable magnetic telescopic material, carry out magnetic field mark
Fixed；
C) size of magnetic field intensity, the spectrum of spectrometer collection the second optical fiber Sagnac ring output, record comb it are gradually increased
The length that shape spectral shift is dynamic, matching comb spectrum wavelength shift is with the relation curve of changes of magnetic field；
Magnetic field to be measured is surveyed by the comb spectrum wavelength shift d) utilizing institute's matching with the relation curve of change of magnetic field strength
Amount.
In one aspect, described measuring method, described first optical fiber Sagnac ring includes polarization maintaining optical fibre, Polarization Control
Device, described second optical fiber Sagnac ring includes polarization maintaining optical fibre, Polarization Controller；Described first optical fiber Sagnac ring and the first doping
Rare earth element optical fiber is connected by the first photo-coupler, and described second optical fiber Sagnac ring and the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber lead to
Cross the second photo-coupler to connect.
In one aspect, described measuring method, the light through described first optical fiber Sagnac ring injection enters the second light
Fine Sagnac ring carries out secondary filter.
In one aspect, described measuring method, it is connected as welding mode described in described step a).
In one aspect, described measuring method, the method for the increase magnitude of field intensity described in described step c) makes
Magnetic telescopic material stretches, bends, vibrates or extrudes.
In one aspect, described measuring method, described doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber is situated between as the gain of Fibre Optical Sensor
Matter.
In one aspect, described measuring method, pump light is coupled by described wavelength division multiplexer, after described coupling
Pump light enter described doped fiber.
In one aspect, described measuring method, described comb spectrum wavelength shift is led to the relation curve of changes of magnetic field
Cross linear fit or method of least square is fitted.
In one aspect, described measuring method, a length of 1.5m-of polarization maintaining optical fibre described in a described Sagnac ring
2.5m, a length of 0.5m-1.5m of polarization maintaining optical fibre described in described 2nd Sagnac ring.
In yet another aspect, present invention also offers a kind of cascade Sagnac interferometer for described Measurement Method for Magnetic Field
Measurement system, wideband light source pumping source that described measurement system includes being sequentially connected with, wavelength division multiplexer, first rare earth doped
Element optical fiber, the first photo-coupler, the first optical fiber Sagnac ring, isolator, the second photo-coupler, the second optical fiber Sagnac ring,
Second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber, spectrogrph；Described first optical fiber Sagnac ring includes polarization maintaining optical fibre, Polarization Controller, described
Second optical fiber Sagnac ring includes polarization maintaining optical fibre, Polarization Controller；Described first optical fiber Sagnac ring and first rare earth doped yuan
Element optical fiber is connected by the first photo-coupler, and described second optical fiber Sagnac ring and the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber are by second
Photo-coupler connects.
Measurement Method for Magnetic Field based on cascade Sagnac interferometer is utilized can accurately to measure magnetic field intensity according to the present invention,
The optical fiber laser structure built is small and exquisite simply, and certainty of measurement is high, good portability, it is easy in multiple applications.
Should be appreciated that aforementioned description substantially is exemplary illustration and explanation with follow-up detailed description, should not
It is used as the restriction of content claimed to the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With reference to the accompanying drawing enclosed, as follows by by embodiment of the present invention of the more purpose of the present invention, function and advantage
Description is illustrated, wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows one embodiment of the invention cascade Sagnac interferometer magnetic field measurement system；
Fig. 2 shows the operation principle of one embodiment of the invention cascade Sagnac ring；
Fig. 3 shows the one embodiment of the invention comb spectrum wavelength shift oscillogram with change of magnetic field strength；
Fig. 4 shows the one embodiment of the invention comb spectrum wavelength shift curve with change of magnetic field strength；
Fig. 5 schematically shows another embodiment of the present invention cascade Sagnac interferometer magnetic field measurement system；
Fig. 6 shows the operation principle of another embodiment of the present invention cascade Sagnac ring；
Fig. 7 shows the another embodiment of the present invention comb spectrum wavelength shift oscillogram with change of magnetic field strength；
Fig. 8 shows the another embodiment of the present invention comb spectrum wavelength shift curve with change of magnetic field strength.
Detailed description of the invention
By with reference to one exemplary embodiment, the purpose of the present invention and function and for realizing the side of these purposes and function
Method will be illustrated.But, the present invention is not limited to one exemplary embodiment disclosed below；Can be come by multi-form
It is realized.The essence of description is only the detail helping the various equivalent modifications Integrated Understanding present invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.In the accompanying drawings, identical reference represents identical
Or similar parts, or same or similar step.
Embodiment one:
A kind of method utilizing optical fiber sagnac interferometer to measure magnetic field that the present invention provides, in the present embodiment, such as Fig. 1
Shown cascade Sagnac interferometer magnetic field measurement system, described cascade Sagnac interferometer measuring system, including being sequentially connected with
101, wavelength division multiplexer the 102, first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 103, first optical fiber Sagnac of wideband light source pumping source
Ring 104, isolator the 105, second optical fiber Sagnac ring the 106, second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 107, spectrogrph 108；Cascade
Sagnac interferometer the first optical fiber Sagnac ring 104 includes polarization maintaining optical fibre 109a, Polarization Controller 110a, the second optical fiber Sagnac
Ring 106 includes polarization maintaining optical fibre 109b, Polarization Controller 110b.First optical fiber Sagnac ring 104 and the first doped with rare-earth elements light
Fine 103 are connected by the first photo-coupler 111, and the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 106 passes through with the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 107
Second photo-coupler 112 connects.In first optical fiber Sagnac ring 104, a length of 1.5m-2.5m of polarization maintaining optical fibre 109a, preferably 2m；
In second optical fiber Sagnac ring 106, a length of 0.5m-1.5m of polarization maintaining optical fibre 109b, preferably 1m.Wideband light source pumping source 101
The light gone out synthesizes a branch of through wavelength division multiplexer 102 with the optocoupler in optical fiber, laggard by the first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 103
Entering to be divided into two-beam in the first optical fiber Sagnac ring 104 and interfere, the light after interference enters after the first photo-coupler 111
Being divided into two-beam in the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 106 to interfere, the light after interference enters after the second photo-coupler 112
Second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 107, gathers optical signal by spectrogrph 108.First optical fiber Sagnac ring 104 and the second optical fiber
The isolator 105 arranged between Sagnac ring 106 ensure that light propagation in one direction.
Light principle in transmitting procedure be detailed below:
The operation principle of cascade Sagnac ring shown in Fig. 2, light enters the first light by the first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 103
Light in fine Sagnac ring 104 is divided into two bundles.Polarization Controller 110a and polarization maintaining optical fibre in the first optical fiber Sagnac ring
109a ensures that linear polarization is constant.The absorbance of the first optical fiber Sagnac ring 104 can be expressed as:
Wherein θ 1 is through the polarization angle after polarization maintaining optical fibre, and θ 2 is through the polarization angle after Polarization Controller, and β is
The propagation constant of Sagnac ring, L is the length of polarization maintaining optical fibre, and Δ n is birefringence.Through described first optical fiber Sagnac ring
The light of 104 injections carries out secondary filter, Polarization Controller by entering the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 106 after the first bonder 111
110b and polarization maintaining optical fibre 109b ensures that linear polarization is constant, and intensity in transmission Iout is expressed as:
β=2 π L Δ n/ λ, (3)
Wherein t1 and t2 is the absorbance of Sagnac ring, and the light of injection is coupled by the second bonder 112, through the second doping
The comb spectrum exported by spectrometer collection after rare earth element optical fiber 107.First optical fiber Sagnac ring 104 and the second optical fiber Sagnac
The isolator 105 arranged between ring 106 ensure that light propagation in one direction.In the comb spectrum gathered, the ripple of adjacent peak
Long interval and centre wavelength, polarization state, fiber lengths are relevant.This comb spectrum is applied to carry out sensing testing, when interferometer is by outward
When boundary's impact causes two-arm optical path difference to change, interfering comb spectrum to change, interference fringe produces mobile.
The method that utilize optical fiber sagnac interferometer measure magnetic field is detailed below in the present embodiment: concrete steps are such as
Under: building cascade Sagnac interferometer measuring system, described system includes passing sequentially through the wideband light source that the mode of welding connects
101, wavelength division multiplexer the 102, first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber the 103, first optical fiber Sagnac ring 104 of pumping source, isolation
Device the 105, second optical fiber Sagnac ring the 106, second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 107, spectrogrph 108；Cascade Sagnac interferometer
First optical fiber Sagnac ring 104 includes that polarization maintaining optical fibre 109a, Polarization Controller 110a, the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 106 include protecting
Polarisation fibre 109b, Polarization Controller 110b.First optical fiber Sagnac ring 104 and the first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 103 are by the
One photo-coupler 111 connects, and the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 106 and the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 107 are by the second optical coupling
Device 112 connects.First optical fiber Sagnac ring 104 and the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 106 are fitted with controllable magnetic telescopic material 113,
Choose epoxy resin (Epoxy Resin) or acrylate as adhesive, with adhesive means respectively by the first optical fiber Sagnac
Ring 104 and the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 106 are fixed on the surface of material 113, carry out magnetic field demarcation.Outside by field controller
Under conditions of adding magnetic field 114 change, material 113 is stretched, bends, vibrates or extrudes, it is preferable that the present embodiment passes through magnetic field
Magnetic telescopic material is stretched by the increase of intensity, causes interferometer polarization state generation respective change thus causes comb spectrum to occur
Red shift or blue shift, along with the increase of tensile elongation, i.e. axially microstress increases, and the transmission spectrum of comb filter moves to shortwave direction
Dynamic.Spectrogrph 108 gathers the comb spectrum of the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 106 output, and comb spectrum wavelength shift is with magnetic field as shown in Figure 3
The oscillogram of Strength Changes, the record length that moves of comb spectrum, matching comb spectrum wavelength shift with the curve of change of magnetic field strength,
Comb spectrum wavelength shift can use linear fit with the curve of change of magnetic field strength, curve matching as shown in Figure 4, such as formula 5 institute
Show.
Y=ax+b (5)
Curve matching may be used without least square fitting, following equation (6) and (7) can release matched curve.
Solving equations, obtains a0And a1, so that it may construct the approximating function meeting square approach condition.
F (x)=a0+a1x (8)。
Magnetic field to be measured is measured by the comb spectrum wavelength shift utilizing institute's matching with changes of magnetic field curve.
Embodiment two:
A kind of method utilizing optical fiber sagnac interferometer to measure magnetic field that the present invention provides, in the present embodiment, such as Fig. 5
Shown cascade Sagnac interferometer magnetic field measurement system, described cascade Sagnac interferometer measuring system, including being sequentially connected with
201, wavelength division multiplexer the 202, first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 203, first optical fiber Sagnac of wideband light source pumping source
Ring 204, isolator the 205, second optical fiber Sagnac ring the 206, second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 207, spectrogrph 208；Cascade
Sagnac interferometer the first optical fiber Sagnac ring 204 includes polarization maintaining optical fibre 209a, Polarization Controller 210a, the second optical fiber Sagnac
Ring 206 includes polarization maintaining optical fibre 209b, Polarization Controller 210b.First optical fiber Sagnac ring 204 and the first doped with rare-earth elements light
Fine 203 are connected by the first photo-coupler 211, and the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 206 passes through with the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 207
Second photo-coupler 212 connects.In first optical fiber Sagnac ring 204, a length of 1.5m-2.5m of polarization maintaining optical fibre 209a, preferably 2m；
In second optical fiber Sagnac ring 206, a length of 0.5m-1.5m of polarization maintaining optical fibre 209b, preferably 1m.Wideband light source pumping source 201
The light gone out synthesizes a branch of through wavelength division multiplexer 202 with the optocoupler in optical fiber, laggard by the first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 103
Entering to be divided into two-beam in the first optical fiber Sagnac ring 204 and interfere, the light after interference enters after the first photo-coupler 211
Being divided into two-beam in the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 206 to interfere, the light after interference enters after the second photo-coupler 212
Second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 207, gathers optical signal by spectrogrph 208.First optical fiber Sagnac ring 204 and the second optical fiber
The isolator 205 arranged between Sagnac ring 206 ensure that light propagation in one direction.
Light principle in transmitting procedure be detailed below:
The operation principle of cascade Sagnac ring shown in Fig. 2, light enters the first light by the first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 203
Light in fine Sagnac ring 204 is divided into two bundles.Polarization Controller 210a and polarization maintaining optical fibre in the first optical fiber Sagnac ring
209a ensures that linear polarization is constant.The absorbance of the first optical fiber Sagnac ring 204 can be expressed as:
Wherein θ 1 is through the polarization angle after polarization maintaining optical fibre, and θ 2 is through the polarization angle after Polarization Controller, and β is
The propagation constant of Sagnac ring, L is the length of polarization maintaining optical fibre, and Δ n is birefringence.Through described first optical fiber Sagnac ring
The light of 204 injections carries out secondary filter, Polarization Controller by entering the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 206 after the first bonder 211
210b and polarization maintaining optical fibre 209b ensures that linear polarization is constant, and intensity in transmission Iout is expressed as:
β=2 π L Δ n/ λ, (3)
Wherein t1 and t2 is the absorbance of Sagnac ring, and the light of injection is coupled by the second bonder 212, through the second doping
The comb spectrum exported by spectrometer collection after rare earth element optical fiber 207.First optical fiber Sagnac ring 204 and the second optical fiber Sagnac
The isolator 205 arranged between ring 206 ensure that light propagation in one direction.In the comb spectrum gathered, the ripple of adjacent peak
Long interval and centre wavelength, polarization state, fiber lengths are relevant.This comb spectrum is applied to carry out sensing testing, when interferometer is by outward
When boundary's impact causes two-arm optical path difference to change, interfering comb spectrum to change, interference fringe produces mobile.
The method that utilize optical fiber sagnac interferometer measure magnetic field is detailed below in the present embodiment: concrete steps are such as
Under: building cascade Sagnac interferometer measuring system, described system includes passing sequentially through the wideband light source that the mode of welding connects
201, wavelength division multiplexer the 202, first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber the 203, first optical fiber Sagnac ring 204 of pumping source, isolation
Device the 205, second optical fiber Sagnac ring the 206, second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 207, spectrogrph 208；Cascade Sagnac interferometer
First optical fiber Sagnac ring 204 includes that polarization maintaining optical fibre 209a, Polarization Controller 210a, the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 206 include protecting
Polarisation fibre 209b, Polarization Controller 210b.First optical fiber Sagnac ring 204 and the first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 203 are by the
One photo-coupler 211 connects, and the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 206 and the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber 207 are by the second optical coupling
Device 212 connects.First optical fiber Sagnac ring 204 and the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 206 are fitted with controllable magnetic telescopic material 213,
Choose epoxy resin (Epoxy Resin) or acrylate as adhesive, with adhesive means respectively by the first optical fiber Sagnac
Ring 204 and the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 206 are fixed on the surface of material 213, carry out magnetic field demarcation.Outside by field controller
Under conditions of adding magnetic field 214 change, material 213 being stretched, bend, vibrates or extruded, the present embodiment, compared with embodiment one, is adopted
With annular externally-applied magnetic field.Preferably, magnetic telescopic material is stretched by the increase of magnetic field intensity by the present embodiment, cause dry
Interferometer polarization state generation respective change thus cause comb spectrum generation red shift or blue shift, along with the increase of tensile elongation, the most axially
Microstress increases, and the transmission spectrum of comb filter moves to shortwave direction.Spectrogrph 208 gathers the second optical fiber Sagnac ring 206
The comb spectrum of output, comb spectrum wavelength shift is with the oscillogram of change of magnetic field strength, the length that record comb spectrum moves as shown in Figure 7
Degree, matching comb spectrum wavelength shift is with the curve of change of magnetic field strength, and comb spectrum wavelength shift becomes with magnetic field intensity as shown in Figure 8
The curve changed, curve matching can use linear fit, as shown in Equation 5.
Y=ax+b (5)
Curve matching may be used without least square fitting, following equation (6) and (7) can release matched curve.
Solving equations, obtains a0And a1, so that it may construct the approximating function meeting square approach condition.
F (x)=a0+a1x (8)。
Magnetic field to be measured is measured by the comb spectrum wavelength shift utilizing institute's matching with changes of magnetic field curve.
In conjunction with explanation and the practice of the present invention disclosed here, other embodiments of the present invention are for those skilled in the art
All it is easy to expect and understand.Illustrating and embodiment is to be considered only as exemplary, true scope and the purport of the present invention are equal
It is defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. one kind utilizes the method that optical fiber sagnac interferometer measures magnetic field, it is characterised in that described method includes walking as follows
Rapid:
A) build cascade Sagnac interferometer measuring system, described system include wideband light source pumping source, first rare earth doped yuan
Element optical fiber, the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber, wavelength division multiplexer, the first photo-coupler, the second photo-coupler, first optical fiber
Sagnac ring, isolator, the second optical fiber Sagnac ring, spectrogrph；
B) the first optical fiber Sagnac ring and the second optical fiber Sagnac ring are fitted with controllable magnetic telescopic material, carry out magnetic field demarcation；
C) it is gradually increased the size of magnetic field intensity, the spectrum of spectrometer collection the second optical fiber Sagnac ring output, records comb spectrum
The length of movement, matching comb spectrum wavelength shift is with the relation curve of changes of magnetic field；
Magnetic field to be measured is measured by the comb spectrum wavelength shift d) utilizing institute's matching with the relation curve of change of magnetic field strength.
Measuring method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first optical fiber Sagnac ring includes protecting polarisation
Fine, Polarization Controller, described second optical fiber Sagnac ring includes polarization maintaining optical fibre, Polarization Controller；Described first optical fiber Sagnac
Ring and the first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber are connected by the first photo-coupler, and described second optical fiber Sagnac ring and the second doping are dilute
Earth elements optical fiber is connected by the second photo-coupler.
Measuring method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that through described first optical fiber Sagnac ring injection
Light enter the second optical fiber Sagnac ring and carry out secondary filter.
Measuring method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be connected as welding mode described in step a).
Measuring method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the increase magnitude of field intensity described in step c)
Method makes magnetic telescopic material stretch, bend, vibrate or extrude.
Measuring method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber is as Fibre Optical Sensor
The gain media of device.
Measuring method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described wavelength division multiplexer carries out coupling to pump light
Closing, the pump light after described coupling enters described doped fiber.
Measuring method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described shape spectrum wavelength skew is with the pass of changes of magnetic field
It is curve negotiating linear fit or method of least square is fitted.
Measuring method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the polarization maintaining optical fibre described in a described Sagnac ring
A length of 1.5m-2.5m, a length of 0.5m-1.5m of polarization maintaining optical fibre described in described 2nd Sagnac ring.
10., for a cascade Sagnac interferometer measuring system for Measurement Method for Magnetic Field described in claim 1, its feature exists
In, described measurement system includes the wideband light source pumping source being sequentially connected with, wavelength division multiplexer, a first doped with rare-earth elements light
Fibre, the first photo-coupler, the first optical fiber Sagnac ring, isolator, the second photo-coupler, the second optical fiber Sagnac ring, second mix
Miscellaneous rare earth element optical fiber, spectrogrph；Described first optical fiber Sagnac ring includes polarization maintaining optical fibre, Polarization Controller, described second light
Fine Sagnac ring includes polarization maintaining optical fibre, Polarization Controller；Described first optical fiber Sagnac ring and the first doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber
Being connected by the first photo-coupler, described second optical fiber Sagnac ring and the second doped with rare-earth elements optical fiber are by the second optical coupling
Device connects.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN106370226A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 北京信息科技大学 | Method for measuring temperature and magnetic field simultaneously by utilizing single-mode mismatched fiber |
| CN106405447A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-15 | 北京信息科技大学 | Method utilizing fiber core mismatch interference structure to measure magnetic field |
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| CN101132102A (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2008-02-27 | 上海交通大学 | Single-longitudinal mode optical fiber ring laser based on wave filter with double Sagnac rings |
| CN103926541A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-07-16 | 天津理工大学 | Magnetic field measurement device based on Sagnac interferometer |
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| CN106405447A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-15 | 北京信息科技大学 | Method utilizing fiber core mismatch interference structure to measure magnetic field |
| CN106370226A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 北京信息科技大学 | Method for measuring temperature and magnetic field simultaneously by utilizing single-mode mismatched fiber |
| CN106370226B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-08-17 | 北京信息科技大学 | A method of utilizing single mode dislocation optical fiber while measuring temperature and magnetic field |
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