CN105865435A - Optical-path-structure open-loop gyroscope and working method thereof - Google Patents
Optical-path-structure open-loop gyroscope and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105865435A CN105865435A CN201610272570.5A CN201610272570A CN105865435A CN 105865435 A CN105865435 A CN 105865435A CN 201610272570 A CN201610272570 A CN 201610272570A CN 105865435 A CN105865435 A CN 105865435A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical-path-structure open-loop gyroscope and a working method thereof. The optical-path-structure open-loop gyroscope comprises a light source, wherein the light source is connected to a coupler through a first port fiber; the coupler is connected to a polarization spectroscope through a second port fiber; the polarization spectroscope is connected to an optical fiber ring through a third port fiber and a fourth port fiber. The optical-path-structure open-loop gyroscope further comprises a detector, wherein the detector is connected to the coupler through a fifth port fiber; and the optical fiber ring is internally provided with a phase modulator. According to the optical-path-structure open-loop gyroscope, special thin-diameter optical fibers are not needed and a high-precision platform for manufacturing an optical device online is also not needed, so that the difficulty of a product assembling process is greatly reduced; and the precision of the product is guaranteed and the reliability of the product is also improved, and a foundation is laid for market popularization of the open-loop gyroscope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing, be specifically related to a kind of light channel structure open loop gyro and work thereof
Make method.
Background technology
Open loop gyro has that volume is little, lightweight, simple in construction and relatively excellent performance in low precision
Field has broad mass market potentiality.
Use at present the one-fiber fiber optical gyroscope principle of open loop structure as it is shown in figure 1, its course of work
It is: the light that the SLD light source of online coupling sends, after light source coupler light splitting, has the light of half to enter partially
Shake device, and produces the light of monomode single-polarization state.Play light to the rear and enter fiber optic loop coupler, be divided into suitable
Clockwise and anticlockwise two-beam meet coherent condition, and propagate in fiber optic loop.Work as optical fiber
After its central shaft rotates, create Sagnac effect, so that at fiber optic loop coupler
Interference light intensity change.The light of change is gone out by the photodetector PIN chip detection coupled online
By force, rotational angular velocity is the most just obtained.Add phase-modulator PZT in the optical path.Through toning
After system, demodulation, this system has obtained distinguishing the linearisation output of rotating.But classical open loop policy
Light path makes complexity, and processing technology is immature, needs the special equipment of high cost, the polarizer produced
Extinction ratio only has 26dB, causes gyro system precision on the low side, and the photoelectric device coupling efficiency coupled online
Lowly, need to strengthen the driving electric current of light source for improving system signal signal to noise ratio, directly result in gyro system
Power consumption is excessive, limits its sector application.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of light channel structure open loop gyro and method of work thereof, on overcoming
Stating the defect that prior art exists, the present invention is without thin diameter special optical fiber, it is not required that high-accuracy is online
Make the platform of optical device, be substantially reduced assembling product technology difficulty, carry while improving Product Precision
The high reliability of product, lays a good foundation for the market of open loop gyro is universal.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of light channel structure open loop gyro, including light source, light source is connected to coupler by the first port fibre,
Coupler is connected to polarizing beam splitter by the second port fibre, and polarizing beam splitter is fine by the 3rd port and the
Four port fibres are connected to fiber optic loop, also include detector, and detector is connected to coupling by fifth port fibre
Device, is provided with phase-modulator in described fiber optic loop.
Further, described light source is SLD light source.
Further, described polarizing beam splitter is lithium niobate Y waveguide optics.
Further, described coupler is micro-optics coupler or draws cone coupler.
Further, described first port is fine, the second port is fine, the 3rd port is fine, the 4th port fine with
And fifth port fibre to be covering be 80 μm or the panda protecting polarized light fiber of 125 μm.
Further, described light source uses coaxial packaging or butterfly-type encapsulation；Described detector uses coaxial envelope
Dress.
The method of work of a kind of light channel structure open loop gyro, the light that light source sends is directly entered after coupler
Polarizing beam splitter, after polarizing beam splitter, the light producing two bundle polarization states identical with light intensity enters into light
Fine ring to propagate the most in opposite directions, this two-beam meets coherent condition, works as fiber optic loop
After its central shaft rotates, the interference light intensity at polarizing beam splitter changes, detector examine
Measure the light intensity of change, obtain rotational angular velocity after treatment.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has a following useful technique effect:
The present invention uses polarizing beam splitter to replace original polarizer and the function of coupler, and in prior art
Polarizer and coupler need to draw cone and crystal growth online, and demand equipment complexity is high, and technology difficulty is big,
Yield rate is low, its draw wimble structure also to determine its impact resistance is poor, there is the defects such as intrinsic 3dB Insertion Loss,
The present invention whole light path system polarizing beam splitter extinction ratio is up to more than 35dB, is reducing light path system device
Significantly reduce the polarization crosstalk impact on Gyro Precision, after decreasing interference on the basis of number of packages purpose simultaneously
Flashlight 3dB Insertion Loss, the present invention use discrete miniaturized device reduce on the basis of system Insertion Loss real
Showed and be easily assembled, easy care, low-power consumption, highly reliable, the characteristic such as high accuracy, it is not necessary to high-accuracy
Line makes the platform of optical device, is substantially reduced assembling product technology difficulty, while ensureing Product Precision
Improve the reliability of product, lay a good foundation for the market of open loop gyro is universal, the present invention is producing simultaneously
Product assemble or use link can facilitate dismounting and change, good product consistency when going wrong, and overcome existing
In technology, single fiber light path goes wrong and cannot keep in repair, it is necessary to all light channel structures make again, and difficulty is big,
The problem that cost is high.
Further, the present invention uses lithium niobate Y waveguide process devices to realize being polarized and light splitting function, niobium
Acid lithium Y waveguide technical maturity, product reliability is high, has extinction ratio high (35dB), impact resistance (100G),
The features such as Insertion Loss is little.
Further, coupler of the present invention is in addition to available micro-optics coupler, it is possible to uses and draws cone coupler,
Avoid 3dB light intensity loss of the prior art, improve the signal to noise ratio of system.
Further, in the present invention, optical fiber uses the covering that technical matters is ripe to be 80 μm or 125 μm
Panda protecting polarized light fiber, polarization crosstalk is little, low cost, and corollary equipment is complete, and in prior art use
40 μm elliptical fibers, production difficulty is big, and cost is high, and processing matched equipment needs customization, is unfavorable for scale
Produce.
Further, the light source of the present invention can use the various ways light source such as coaxial packaging or butterfly-type encapsulation,
Light intensity, the parameter such as structure can easily be accommodated, and reliability is high, and batch good, prior art is only limitted to bare chip
Coupling light source, needs special equipment, and coupling difficulty is big, and batch production uniformity is poor, and naked light-source structure exists
The defects such as easy inefficacy are had under adverse circumstances；The detector of the present invention can be selected for coaxial packaging, and reliability is high,
Electromagnetism interference, good product consistency, prior art uses single fiber online coupled detector chip, operation
Difficulty is big, poor reliability.
The inventive method method of work utilizes micro-optics coupler and polarizing beam splitter to replace and original draws bevel-type
Three optical device schemes, decrease the light intensity Insertion Loss of 6dB on light channel structure, and device ensure that height simultaneously
The flashlight of extinction ratio produces and transmission, substantially increases signal to noise ratio and the precision of system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one-fiber fiber optical gyroscope schematic diagram using open loop structure at present；
Fig. 2 is the light channel structure open loop gyro principle figure of the present invention.
Wherein, the 1, first port is fine；2, the second port is fine；3, the 3rd port is fine；4, the 4th port
Fine；5, fifth port is fine.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail:
Seeing Fig. 2, a kind of light channel structure open loop gyro, including SLD light source, light source uses coaxial packaging
Or butterfly-type encapsulation, SLD light source is connected to coupler by the first port fibre 1, and described coupler is low-light
Learning coupler or draw cone coupler, coupler is connected to polarizing beam splitter by the second port fibre 2, described
Polarizing beam splitter is lithium niobate Y waveguide technique making devices, and polarizing beam splitter is by fine 3 Hes of the 3rd port
4th port fibre 4 is connected to fiber optic loop, also includes detector, and detector uses coaxial packaging, detector
It is connected to coupler by fifth port fibre 5, described fiber optic loop is provided with PZT phase-modulator, first
Port fibre the 1, second port fibre the 2, the 3rd port fibre the 3, the 4th port fine 4 and fifth port fibre 5 are equal
It is 80 μm or the panda protecting polarized light fiber of 125 μm for covering, and first port fibre the 1, second port is fine
2, the 3rd port fibre the 3, the 4th port fine 4 and fifth port fibre 5 are the optical fiber for connectivity port.
The method of work of a kind of light channel structure open loop gyro, the light that light source sends is directly entered after coupler
Polarizing beam splitter, after polarizing beam splitter, the light producing two bundle polarization states identical with light intensity enters into light
Fine ring to propagate the most in opposite directions, this two-beam meets coherent condition, works as fiber optic loop
After its central shaft rotates, the interference light intensity at polarizing beam splitter changes, detector examine
Measure the light intensity of change, obtain rotational angular velocity after treatment.
Below the implementation process of the present invention is described in further detail:
The open-loop optical fiber gyro principle of the present invention is as shown in Figure 2.Its course of work is: light source SLD sends out
The light gone out enters polarizing beam splitter through light source coupler, and it produces the light of monomode single-polarization state and the light such as is divided into
The entrance fiber optic loop of the polarization state such as strong, and propagate in opposite directions in fiber optic loop, it is divided into side clockwise and anticlockwise
To two-beam meet coherent condition.When fiber optic loop is after its central shaft rotates, create Sagnac
Effect, so that the interference light intensity at polarizing beam splitter changes.Detected by photodetector PIN
Go out the light intensity of change, the most just obtain rotational angular velocity.In order to improve the sensitivity of detecting system,
Add phase-modulator PZT in the optical path.After ovennodulation, demodulation, this system has obtained the sensitiveest
Degree height, can distinguish again the linearisation output of rotating simultaneously.
Claims (7)
1. a light channel structure open loop gyro, it is characterised in that include light source, light source passes through the first port
Fine (1) is connected to coupler, and coupler is connected to polarizing beam splitter, partially by the second port fine (2)
The optical splitter that shakes is connected to fiber optic loop by the 3rd port fine (3) and the 4th port fine (4), also includes visiting
Surveying device, detector is connected to coupler by fifth port fine (5), is provided with phase place and adjusts in described fiber optic loop
Device processed.
A kind of light channel structure open loop gyro the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described light
Source is SLD light source.
A kind of light channel structure open loop gyro the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described partially
The optical splitter that shakes is lithium niobate Y waveguide optics.
A kind of light channel structure open loop gyro the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described coupling
Clutch is micro-optics coupler or draws cone coupler.
A kind of light channel structure open loop gyro the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described the
Single port fine (1), the second port fine (2), the 3rd port fine (3), the 4th port fine (4) and the
It is 80 μm or the panda protecting polarized light fiber of 125 μm that five ports fine (5) are covering.
A kind of light channel structure open loop gyro the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described light
Source uses coaxial packaging or butterfly-type encapsulation；Described detector uses coaxial packaging.
7. a method of work for light channel structure open loop gyro described in any one of claim 1 to 6, it is special
Levying and be, the light that light source sends is directly entered polarizing beam splitter after coupler, after polarizing beam splitter,
The light producing two bundle polarization states identical with light intensity enters into fiber optic loop and with the most in opposite directions
Propagating, this two-beam meets coherent condition, when fiber optic loop is after its central shaft rotates, at polarization point
Interference light intensity at light device changes, detector detect the light intensity of change, turned after treatment
Dynamic angular speed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610272570.5A CN105865435A (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Optical-path-structure open-loop gyroscope and working method thereof |
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| CN201610272570.5A CN105865435A (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Optical-path-structure open-loop gyroscope and working method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108680152A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Open-loop fiber optic gyroscope based on 45-degree inclined fiber grating polarizer |
| CN108680151A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Open-loop fiber optic gyroscope |
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| GB2121954B (en) * | 1982-05-12 | 1986-02-05 | Hitachi Cable | Optical fibre laser gyro |
| CN101886925A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2010-11-17 | 北京大学 | Multi-wavelength interference type optical fiber gyro based on carrier modulation |
| CN102128621A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-07-20 | 北京大学 | Interference optical fiber gyroscope for measuring multidimensional vector |
| CN102706340A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-10-03 | 北京大学 | Interference optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN103047979A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-17 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Passive laser gyroscope |
| CN104075704A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-10-01 | 中航捷锐（北京）光电技术有限公司 | Digital closed loop optical fiber gyroscope with double-interferometer system |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| GB2121954B (en) * | 1982-05-12 | 1986-02-05 | Hitachi Cable | Optical fibre laser gyro |
| CN101886925A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2010-11-17 | 北京大学 | Multi-wavelength interference type optical fiber gyro based on carrier modulation |
| CN102128621A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-07-20 | 北京大学 | Interference optical fiber gyroscope for measuring multidimensional vector |
| CN103047979A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-17 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Passive laser gyroscope |
| CN102706340A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2012-10-03 | 北京大学 | Interference optical fiber gyroscope |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108680152A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Open-loop fiber optic gyroscope based on 45-degree inclined fiber grating polarizer |
| CN108680151A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-10-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Open-loop fiber optic gyroscope |
| CN108680151B (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2023-12-08 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Open-loop fiber optic gyroscope |
| CN108680152B (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2024-03-08 | 西安中科华芯测控有限公司 | Open-loop fiber optic gyroscope based on 45-degree inclined fiber optic grating polarizer |
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