CN105865220B - A kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device - Google Patents

A kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105865220B
CN105865220B CN201610373287.1A CN201610373287A CN105865220B CN 105865220 B CN105865220 B CN 105865220B CN 201610373287 A CN201610373287 A CN 201610373287A CN 105865220 B CN105865220 B CN 105865220B
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back pressure
bypass
flowmeter
condenser
temperature
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CN105865220A (en
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阮圣奇
吕松松
胡中强
任磊
陈裕
蒋怀锋
吴仲
邵飞
徐钟宇
陈悦
庞靖
袁昊
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China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd East China Branch
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China Datang Corp Science and Technology Research Institute Co Ltd East China Branch
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28BSTEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B11/00Controlling arrangements with features specially adapted for condensers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of double pressure condenser optimized operating device and its operation method, the double pressure condenser optimized operating device includes high back pressure condenser, low back pressure condenser and circulating water line, two sets of bypasses and control valve are set on circulation waterway, bypass cross-over connection is additionally provided with some temperature points and flowmeter at the two ends of low back pressure condenser.The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art:The invention belongs to individually control low back pressure condenser circulating water flow, on high back pressure side condenser circulating water flow without influence;The calculation formula and measuring point and valve control system provided by the present invention, can cause low back pressure side condenser vacuum not enter obstruction back pressure area, reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate;Due to the influence that recirculated water is bypassed, high back pressure side condenser recirculated water inflow temperature relative reduction reduces high back pressure side exhaust temperature indirectly, so as to further reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate.

Description

A kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device
Technical field
Optimize operation the present invention relates to steam turbine control technical field, more particularly to double back pressure turbine condensers Method and control system.
Background technology
Steam turbine obstruction back pressure refers to the steam flow rate in steam turbine exhaust stage blade exit close to the velocity of sound level (Mach at this Number is about back pressure when 0.95), and under normal conditions, it is related to steam turbine throttle flow, and different throttle flows has different obstructions Back pressure value, steam turbine throttle flow is smaller, and steam turbine obstruction back pressure is lower.
After turbine back pressure is less than obstruction back pressure, under same Steam Turbine generated energy, the rise of thermal loss of steam turbine rate.
The double back pressure turbine back pressures of thermal power plant are only in winter, when circulating cooling coolant-temperature gage is relatively low, low back pressure side steam turbine Back pressure just can be less than obstruction back pressure.
After current thermal power plant operations staff has found turbine back pressure less than obstruction back pressure, steam turbine is improved using two kinds of measures Back pressure:
(1) change water circulating pump operation number of units or pump will be followed and be changed to low speed operation, reduce circulating water flow, low back pressure is coagulated Vapour device back pressure is raised.
The measure can make low back pressure back pressure of condenser higher than obstruction back pressure, reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate, but also make originally Just it is not less than the high back pressure back pressure of condenser rise of obstruction back pressure, increases units consumption, synthesis result, the operation is not necessarily saved Energy.
(2) double pressure condenser pumped vacuum systems water ring vacuum pump only runs 1, and high and low back pressure condenser, which is vacuumized, is System uses series model.
The measure can make low back pressure back pressure of condenser higher than obstruction back pressure, reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate.If but due to outer The reduction of low back pressure side Vacuum System Tightness of Steam Turbines is caused in reason, because pumped vacuum systems uses series model, and operation One vavuum pump, then can cause the back pressure of condenser rise of low back pressure side, the increase of thermal loss of steam turbine rate, and be difficult to be run personnel's hair Feel.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of double pressure condenser optimized operating device And its operation method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:A kind of double pressure condenser optimized operating device, including highback Condenser, low back pressure condenser and circulating water line are pressed, circulating water line is divided into first circulation water lines and second circulation water Pipeline, first circulation water lines and second circulation water lines flow to high back pressure condenser from low back pressure condenser, and its feature exists In:The first bypass is provided with first circulation water route, the first bypass cross-over connection is at the two ends of low back pressure condenser, in second circulation The second bypass is provided with water route, the second bypass is also connected across in the two ends of low back pressure condenser, the first bypass and is provided with first The second control valve is provided with control valve, the second bypass.
As further improvement of these options, the first temperature point is provided with first circulation water lines, Second temperature measuring point is provided with two-cycle pipeline, the first temperature point is arranged on the outlet upstream of the first bypass, second Temperature point is arranged on the outlet upstream of the second bypass.
As further improvement of these options, the 3rd temperature point is provided with first circulation water lines, Be provided with the 4th temperature point on two-cycle pipeline, the 3rd temperature point be arranged on the first bypass with first circulation water lines The upstream of point, the 4th temperature point is arranged on the upstream of the second bypass and second circulation water lines point.
As further improvement of these options, first flowmeter is additionally provided with the first bypass, in the second bypass On be provided with second flowmeter.
As further improvement of these options, the 3rd flowmeter is provided with first circulation water lines, second Be provided with the 4th flowmeter on circulating water line, the 3rd flowmeter be arranged on the first bypass with first circulation water lines point Downstream, the 4th flowmeter is arranged on the downstream of the second bypass and second circulation water lines point.
It is used as further improvement of these options, first flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the 4th flow Meter is ultrasonic flowmeter, and the first bypass and the second outer diameter tube bypassed are first circulation water lines and second circulation water pipe The 1/3 of road external diameter, first circulation water lines are identical with the external diameter of second circulation water lines, first circulation water lines, second circulation The pipe material and wall thickness all same of water lines, the first bypass and the second bypass, the first control valve and the second control valve are equal It is autocontrol valve;First flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter, the 4th flowmeter, the first temperature point, second Temperature point, the 3rd temperature point and the 4th temperature point are electrically connected with the DCS control systems of steam turbine.
The present invention also provides a kind of operation method of above-mentioned double pressure condenser optimized operating device, it is characterised in that including Following steps:
Step 1: calculating steam turbine obstruction back pressure value Pz,
Pz=f (Gms) --- --- formula (1)
Wherein GmsIt is steam turbine main steam flow, unit is kg/s, is obtained by the DCS system of steam turbine;
Step 2: calculating steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature tz, obtained steam turbine is calculated according to step one and blocks back pressure value Pz, it is steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature t to calculate correspondence saturated-steam temperature according to IF-97 water vapours formulaz
Step 3: calculating low back pressure side condenser duty Q before bypass adjustmentCond1,
QCond1=△ t1×Gw1×Cp--- ----formula (2)
Wherein CpIt is recirculated cooling water specific heat capacity, takes 4.2kJ/kg DEG C, △ t1=(t31-t1+t41-t2)/2, t1、t2、t31With t41It is the temperature of preceding first temperature point of bypass adjustment, second temperature measuring point, the 3rd temperature point and the 4th temperature point respectively, Gw1It is circulating cooling water flow, G before bypass adjustmentw1=G31+G41-G11-G21, G11、G21、G31And G41It is to carry out bypass tune respectively Whole preceding first flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the data of the 4th flowmeter measurement;
Step 4: calculating condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient K before bypass adjustment1,
δt1=ts1-(t31+t41)/2, ts1It is low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature before bypass adjustment, by unit DCS system Data acquisition, A is the effective heat transfer area of condenser;
Step 5: correct condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient and calculate the circulating cooling water flow upper limit,
Gw2It is the circulating cooling water flow upper limit, T represents the low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature of setting higher than obstruction back pressure The numerical value of corresponding saturated-steam temperature;
Step 6: bypass adjustment, the first control valve of regulation and the second control valve, make G12、G22、G32And G42Meet
Gw2=G32+G42-G12-G22--- -- formula (5)
G12、G22、G32And G42It is to carry out first flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the after bypass adjustment respectively The data of four flowmeters measurement.
As further improvement of these options, T values are 2.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art:The invention belongs to individually control low back pressure condenser circulating water flow Amount, on high back pressure side condenser circulating water flow without influence;The calculation formula provided by the present invention and measuring point and valve control System processed, can cause low back pressure side condenser vacuum not enter obstruction back pressure area, reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate;Due to recirculated water The influence of bypass, high back pressure side condenser recirculated water inflow temperature relative reduction reduces high back pressure side exhaust temperature indirectly, so that Reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is implementing procedure figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are elaborated below, the present embodiment is carried out lower premised on technical solution of the present invention Implement, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementations Example.
Embodiment 1
A kind of double pressure condenser optimized operating device, including high back pressure condenser 2, low back pressure condenser 1 and circulation Water lines, circulating water line is divided into first circulation water lines 11 and second circulation water lines 12, first circulation water lines 11 and Two-cycle pipeline 12 flows to high back pressure condenser 2 from low back pressure condenser 1, it is characterised in that:On first circulation water route The first bypass is provided with, the first bypass cross-over connection is provided with by the of second at the two ends of low back pressure condenser 1 on second circulation water route Road, the second bypass is also connected across in the two ends of low back pressure condenser 1, the first bypass and is provided with by the second control valve 41, second The second control valve 42 is provided with road.When in unit operation, low back pressure side condenser vacuum enters behind obstruction back pressure area, this hair The bright middle purpose for setting bypath system is the low back pressure side condenser circulating water flow of adjustment, is followed so as to raise low back pressure side condenser It is poor that ring water temperature rises and held, and finally raises low back pressure side exhaust temperature, low back pressure side condenser vacuum is not entered obstruction back pressure area.
The first temperature point 21 is provided with first circulation water lines 11, is provided with second circulation water lines 12 Two temperature points 22, the first temperature point 21 is arranged on the outlet upstream of the first bypass, and second temperature measuring point 22 is arranged on The outlet upstream of two bypasses.
The 3rd temperature point 23 is provided with first circulation water lines 11, is provided with second circulation water lines 12 Four temperature points 24, the 3rd temperature point 23 is arranged on the upstream with the point of first circulation water lines 11 of the first bypass, the Four temperature points 24 are arranged on the upstream of the second bypass and the point of second circulation water lines 12.
First flowmeter 31 is additionally provided with the first bypass, second flowmeter 32 is provided with the second bypass.
The 3rd flowmeter 33 is provided with first circulation water lines 11, the 4th is provided with second circulation water lines 12 Flowmeter 34, the 3rd flowmeter 33 is arranged on the downstream with the point of first circulation water lines 11 of the first bypass, the 4th flow Meter 34 is arranged on the downstream of the second bypass and the point of second circulation water lines 12.
First flowmeter 31, second flowmeter 32, the 3rd flowmeter 33 and the 4th flowmeter 34 are ultrasonic flowmeters, The outer diameter tube of first bypass and the second bypass is the 1/3 of first circulation water lines 11 and the external diameter of second circulation water lines 12, the One circulating water line 11 is identical with the external diameter of second circulation water lines 12, first circulation water lines 11, second circulation water lines 12, First bypass and the pipe material and wall thickness all same of the second bypass, the second control valve 41 and the second control valve 42 are certainly Dynamic control valve;First flowmeter 31, second flowmeter 32, the 3rd flowmeter 33, the 4th flowmeter 34, the first temperature point 21st, second temperature measuring point 22, the DCS control systems of the 3rd temperature point 23 and the 4th temperature point 24 with steam turbine electrically connect Connect.
Embodiment 2
A kind of operation method of above-mentioned double pressure condenser optimized operating device, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: calculating steam turbine obstruction back pressure value Pz,
Pz=f (Gms) --- --- formula (1)
Wherein GmsIt is steam turbine main steam flow, unit is kg/s, is obtained by the DCS system of steam turbine;
Step 2: calculating steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature tz, obtained steam turbine is calculated according to step one and blocks back pressure value Pz, it is steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature t to calculate correspondence saturated-steam temperature according to IF-97 water vapours formulaz;Controlled by unit DCS The steam turbine main steam flow G that system processed is obtainedms, correspondence obstruction back pressure value is calculated according to formula (1), according to IF-97 water vapours Formula calculates correspondence saturated-steam temperature tzAs long as ensuring low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature higher than obstruction back pressure correspondence saturation Vapor (steam) temperature tz, low back pressure side back pressure of condenser be then not less than steam turbine obstruction back pressure.
Step 3: calculating low back pressure side condenser duty Q before bypass adjustmentCond1,
QCond1=△ t1×Gw1×Cp--- ----formula (2)
Wherein CpIt is recirculated cooling water specific heat capacity, takes 4.2kJ/kg DEG C, △ t1=(t31-t1+t41-t2)/2, t1、t2、t31With t41It is preceding first temperature point 21 of bypass adjustment, second temperature measuring point 22, the 3rd temperature point 23 and the 4th temperature point respectively 24 temperature, Gw1It is circulating cooling water flow, G before bypass adjustmentw1=G31+G41-G11-G21, G11、G21、G31And G41Enter respectively First flowmeter 31, second flowmeter 32, the 3rd flowmeter 33 and the data of the 4th flowmeter 34 measurement before row bypass adjustment;
Step 4: calculating condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient K before bypass adjustment1,
δt1=ts1-(t3-1+t4-1)/2, ts1It is low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature before bypass adjustment, by unit DCS systems System data acquisition, A is the effective heat transfer area of condenser;
Step 5: correct condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient and calculate the circulating cooling water flow upper limit,
Obtained after above-mentioned formula is deformed
Gw2It is the circulating cooling water flow upper limit, T is tolerance surplus, and the low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature for representing setting is high In the numerical value of the corresponding saturated-steam temperature of obstruction back pressure;
It is separation with low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature T DEG C of saturated-steam temperature corresponding higher than obstruction back pressure, when Low back pressure side vacuum enters obstruction back pressure region, is bypassed by recycling water formulation so that low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature is high In obstruction back pressure T DEG C of saturated-steam temperature of correspondence, it is contemplated that low back pressure side condenser recirculated water inflow temperature before and after bypass adjustment Constant, condenser heat transfer coefficient only needs to be corrected circulating water flow, and T preferred values are 2.
Step 6: bypass adjustment, the second control valve 41 of regulation and the second control valve 42, make G12、G22、G32And G42's Meet
Gw2=G32+G42-G12-G22--- -- formula (5)
G12、G22、G32And G42It is to carry out first flowmeter 31, second flowmeter 32, the 3rd flowmeter after bypass adjustment respectively 33 and the 4th flowmeter 34 measure data.
DCS automatic control systems are by increasing the second control valve 41 and the aperture of the second control valve 42 simultaneously, until complete Open so that by low back pressure side condenser circulating cooling water flow be Gw2, adjustment terminates, and low back pressure side condenser vacuum is no longer located In obstruction back pressure area.
After first bypass valve and the second valve opening, if due to unit load reduction, or follow the change of pump operation pattern To circulating water flow increase, or circulating water temperature rise so that low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature is higher than obstruction back pressure pair Saturated-steam temperature is answered more than 2 DEG C, then repeat step three reduces the second control valve 41 and second to step 6, and in step 6 Control valve 42 so that circulating water flow, which is met, to be required, until fully closed.
These are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device, the double pressure condenser optimized operating device bag Include:High back pressure condenser, low back pressure condenser and circulating water line, the circulating water line be divided into first circulation water lines and Second circulation water lines, the first circulation water lines and second circulation water lines flow to high back pressure from low back pressure condenser and coagulated Vapour device, is provided with the first bypass, first bypass cross-over connection is at the two ends of low back pressure condenser, on first circulation water route The second bypass is provided with two-cycle road, second bypass is also connected across by the two ends of low back pressure condenser, described first It is provided with road in the first control valve, second bypass and is provided with the second control valve;Set in first circulation water lines The first temperature point is equipped with, second temperature measuring point is provided with second circulation water lines, first temperature point is arranged on The outlet upstream of first bypass, the second temperature measuring point is arranged on the outlet upstream of the second bypass;In first circulation water The 3rd temperature point is provided with pipeline, the 4th temperature point is provided with second circulation water lines, the 3rd temperature is surveyed Point is arranged on the upstream with first circulation water lines point of the first bypass, and the 4th temperature point is arranged on the second bypass With the upstream of second circulation water lines point;First flowmeter is additionally provided with the first bypass, is set in the second bypass There is second flowmeter;The 3rd flowmeter is provided with first circulation water lines, the 4th is provided with second circulation water lines Flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter is arranged on the downstream with first circulation water lines point of the first bypass, the 4th stream Gauge is arranged on the downstream of the second bypass and second circulation water lines point;
It is characterized in that the operation method step of the double pressure condenser optimized operating device is as follows:
Step 1: calculating steam turbine obstruction back pressure value Pz,
Pz=f (Gms) --- --- formula (1)
Wherein GmsIt is steam turbine main steam flow, unit is kg/s, is obtained by the DCS system of steam turbine;
Step 2: calculating steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature tz, obtained steam turbine is calculated according to step one and blocks back pressure value Pz, root It is steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature t to calculate correspondence saturated-steam temperature according to IF-97 water vapours formulaz
Step 3: calculating low back pressure side condenser duty Q before bypass adjustmentCond1,
QCond1=△ t1×Gw1×Cp--- ----formula (2)
Wherein CpIt is recirculated cooling water specific heat capacity, takes 4.2kJ/kg DEG C, △ t1=(t31-t1+t41-t2)/2, t1、t2、t31And t41Point It is not the temperature of preceding first temperature point of bypass adjustment, second temperature measuring point, the 3rd temperature point and the 4th temperature point, Gw1It is Circulating cooling water flow, G before bypass adjustmentw1=G31+G41-G11-G21, G11、G21、G31And G41It is to carry out before bypass adjustment respectively First flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the data of the 4th flowmeter measurement;
Step 4: calculating condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient K before bypass adjustment1,
δt1=ts1-(t31+t41)/2, ts1It is low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature before bypass adjustment, by unit DCS system data Obtain, A is the effective heat transfer area of condenser;
Step 5: correct condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient and calculate the circulating cooling water flow upper limit,
Gw2It is the circulating cooling water flow upper limit, T represents the low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature of setting higher than obstruction back pressure correspondence Saturated-steam temperature numerical value;
Step 6: bypass adjustment, the first control valve of regulation and the second control valve, make G12、G22、G32And G42Meet
Gw2=G32+G42-G12-G22--- -- formula (5)
G12、G22、G32And G42It is to carry out first flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the 4th stream after bypass adjustment respectively The data of flowmeter measurement.
2. a kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described Flow meters, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the 4th flowmeter are ultrasonic flowmeters, first bypass and second The outer diameter tube of bypass is the 1/3 of first circulation water lines and second circulation water lines external diameter, first circulation water lines and second The external diameter of circulating water line is identical, the first circulation water lines, second circulation water lines, the first bypass and the pipe of the second bypass Road material and wall thickness all same, first control valve and the second control valve are autocontrol valves;It is described first-class Gauge, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter, the 4th flowmeter, the first temperature point, second temperature measuring point, the 3rd temperature point DCS control systems with the 4th temperature point with steam turbine are electrically connected with.
3. a kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The T Value is 2.
CN201610373287.1A 2016-05-26 2016-05-26 A kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device Active CN105865220B (en)

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CN107421350A (en) * 2017-07-18 2017-12-01 西安西热节能技术有限公司 A kind of double pressure condenser takes out air SR matching intelligent adjusting method
CN111306956B (en) * 2020-02-10 2021-08-06 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 System and method for controlling exhaust steam pressure of direct air cooling unit
CN113188341A (en) * 2021-05-31 2021-07-30 华能威海发电有限责任公司 Multi-dimensional online optimization control method for optimal vacuum of condenser
CN114440655B (en) * 2021-11-08 2024-02-27 河北西柏坡第二发电有限责任公司 Circulating water flow regulating system of condenser of double back pressure turbine

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JPS5731786A (en) * 1980-08-01 1982-02-20 Toshiba Corp Vacuum adjusting unit for condenser
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