CN105865220B - A kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device - Google Patents
A kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105865220B CN105865220B CN201610373287.1A CN201610373287A CN105865220B CN 105865220 B CN105865220 B CN 105865220B CN 201610373287 A CN201610373287 A CN 201610373287A CN 105865220 B CN105865220 B CN 105865220B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B11/00—Controlling arrangements with features specially adapted for condensers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double pressure condenser optimized operating device and its operation method, the double pressure condenser optimized operating device includes high back pressure condenser, low back pressure condenser and circulating water line, two sets of bypasses and control valve are set on circulation waterway, bypass cross-over connection is additionally provided with some temperature points and flowmeter at the two ends of low back pressure condenser.The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art:The invention belongs to individually control low back pressure condenser circulating water flow, on high back pressure side condenser circulating water flow without influence;The calculation formula and measuring point and valve control system provided by the present invention, can cause low back pressure side condenser vacuum not enter obstruction back pressure area, reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate;Due to the influence that recirculated water is bypassed, high back pressure side condenser recirculated water inflow temperature relative reduction reduces high back pressure side exhaust temperature indirectly, so as to further reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate.
Description
Technical field
Optimize operation the present invention relates to steam turbine control technical field, more particularly to double back pressure turbine condensers
Method and control system.
Background technology
Steam turbine obstruction back pressure refers to the steam flow rate in steam turbine exhaust stage blade exit close to the velocity of sound level (Mach at this
Number is about back pressure when 0.95), and under normal conditions, it is related to steam turbine throttle flow, and different throttle flows has different obstructions
Back pressure value, steam turbine throttle flow is smaller, and steam turbine obstruction back pressure is lower.
After turbine back pressure is less than obstruction back pressure, under same Steam Turbine generated energy, the rise of thermal loss of steam turbine rate.
The double back pressure turbine back pressures of thermal power plant are only in winter, when circulating cooling coolant-temperature gage is relatively low, low back pressure side steam turbine
Back pressure just can be less than obstruction back pressure.
After current thermal power plant operations staff has found turbine back pressure less than obstruction back pressure, steam turbine is improved using two kinds of measures
Back pressure:
(1) change water circulating pump operation number of units or pump will be followed and be changed to low speed operation, reduce circulating water flow, low back pressure is coagulated
Vapour device back pressure is raised.
The measure can make low back pressure back pressure of condenser higher than obstruction back pressure, reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate, but also make originally
Just it is not less than the high back pressure back pressure of condenser rise of obstruction back pressure, increases units consumption, synthesis result, the operation is not necessarily saved
Energy.
(2) double pressure condenser pumped vacuum systems water ring vacuum pump only runs 1, and high and low back pressure condenser, which is vacuumized, is
System uses series model.
The measure can make low back pressure back pressure of condenser higher than obstruction back pressure, reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate.If but due to outer
The reduction of low back pressure side Vacuum System Tightness of Steam Turbines is caused in reason, because pumped vacuum systems uses series model, and operation
One vavuum pump, then can cause the back pressure of condenser rise of low back pressure side, the increase of thermal loss of steam turbine rate, and be difficult to be run personnel's hair
Feel.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of double pressure condenser optimized operating device
And its operation method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:A kind of double pressure condenser optimized operating device, including highback
Condenser, low back pressure condenser and circulating water line are pressed, circulating water line is divided into first circulation water lines and second circulation water
Pipeline, first circulation water lines and second circulation water lines flow to high back pressure condenser from low back pressure condenser, and its feature exists
In:The first bypass is provided with first circulation water route, the first bypass cross-over connection is at the two ends of low back pressure condenser, in second circulation
The second bypass is provided with water route, the second bypass is also connected across in the two ends of low back pressure condenser, the first bypass and is provided with first
The second control valve is provided with control valve, the second bypass.
As further improvement of these options, the first temperature point is provided with first circulation water lines,
Second temperature measuring point is provided with two-cycle pipeline, the first temperature point is arranged on the outlet upstream of the first bypass, second
Temperature point is arranged on the outlet upstream of the second bypass.
As further improvement of these options, the 3rd temperature point is provided with first circulation water lines,
Be provided with the 4th temperature point on two-cycle pipeline, the 3rd temperature point be arranged on the first bypass with first circulation water lines
The upstream of point, the 4th temperature point is arranged on the upstream of the second bypass and second circulation water lines point.
As further improvement of these options, first flowmeter is additionally provided with the first bypass, in the second bypass
On be provided with second flowmeter.
As further improvement of these options, the 3rd flowmeter is provided with first circulation water lines, second
Be provided with the 4th flowmeter on circulating water line, the 3rd flowmeter be arranged on the first bypass with first circulation water lines point
Downstream, the 4th flowmeter is arranged on the downstream of the second bypass and second circulation water lines point.
It is used as further improvement of these options, first flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the 4th flow
Meter is ultrasonic flowmeter, and the first bypass and the second outer diameter tube bypassed are first circulation water lines and second circulation water pipe
The 1/3 of road external diameter, first circulation water lines are identical with the external diameter of second circulation water lines, first circulation water lines, second circulation
The pipe material and wall thickness all same of water lines, the first bypass and the second bypass, the first control valve and the second control valve are equal
It is autocontrol valve;First flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter, the 4th flowmeter, the first temperature point, second
Temperature point, the 3rd temperature point and the 4th temperature point are electrically connected with the DCS control systems of steam turbine.
The present invention also provides a kind of operation method of above-mentioned double pressure condenser optimized operating device, it is characterised in that including
Following steps:
Step 1: calculating steam turbine obstruction back pressure value Pz,
Pz=f (Gms) --- --- formula (1)
Wherein GmsIt is steam turbine main steam flow, unit is kg/s, is obtained by the DCS system of steam turbine;
Step 2: calculating steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature tz, obtained steam turbine is calculated according to step one and blocks back pressure value
Pz, it is steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature t to calculate correspondence saturated-steam temperature according to IF-97 water vapours formulaz;
Step 3: calculating low back pressure side condenser duty Q before bypass adjustmentCond1,
QCond1=△ t1×Gw1×Cp--- ----formula (2)
Wherein CpIt is recirculated cooling water specific heat capacity, takes 4.2kJ/kg DEG C, △ t1=(t31-t1+t41-t2)/2, t1、t2、t31With
t41It is the temperature of preceding first temperature point of bypass adjustment, second temperature measuring point, the 3rd temperature point and the 4th temperature point respectively,
Gw1It is circulating cooling water flow, G before bypass adjustmentw1=G31+G41-G11-G21, G11、G21、G31And G41It is to carry out bypass tune respectively
Whole preceding first flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the data of the 4th flowmeter measurement;
Step 4: calculating condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient K before bypass adjustment1,
δt1=ts1-(t31+t41)/2, ts1It is low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature before bypass adjustment, by unit DCS system
Data acquisition, A is the effective heat transfer area of condenser;
Step 5: correct condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient and calculate the circulating cooling water flow upper limit,
Gw2It is the circulating cooling water flow upper limit, T represents the low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature of setting higher than obstruction back pressure
The numerical value of corresponding saturated-steam temperature;
Step 6: bypass adjustment, the first control valve of regulation and the second control valve, make G12、G22、G32And G42Meet
Gw2=G32+G42-G12-G22--- -- formula (5)
G12、G22、G32And G42It is to carry out first flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the after bypass adjustment respectively
The data of four flowmeters measurement.
As further improvement of these options, T values are 2.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art:The invention belongs to individually control low back pressure condenser circulating water flow
Amount, on high back pressure side condenser circulating water flow without influence;The calculation formula provided by the present invention and measuring point and valve control
System processed, can cause low back pressure side condenser vacuum not enter obstruction back pressure area, reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate;Due to recirculated water
The influence of bypass, high back pressure side condenser recirculated water inflow temperature relative reduction reduces high back pressure side exhaust temperature indirectly, so that
Reduce thermal loss of steam turbine rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is implementing procedure figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are elaborated below, the present embodiment is carried out lower premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementations
Example.
Embodiment 1
A kind of double pressure condenser optimized operating device, including high back pressure condenser 2, low back pressure condenser 1 and circulation
Water lines, circulating water line is divided into first circulation water lines 11 and second circulation water lines 12, first circulation water lines 11 and
Two-cycle pipeline 12 flows to high back pressure condenser 2 from low back pressure condenser 1, it is characterised in that:On first circulation water route
The first bypass is provided with, the first bypass cross-over connection is provided with by the of second at the two ends of low back pressure condenser 1 on second circulation water route
Road, the second bypass is also connected across in the two ends of low back pressure condenser 1, the first bypass and is provided with by the second control valve 41, second
The second control valve 42 is provided with road.When in unit operation, low back pressure side condenser vacuum enters behind obstruction back pressure area, this hair
The bright middle purpose for setting bypath system is the low back pressure side condenser circulating water flow of adjustment, is followed so as to raise low back pressure side condenser
It is poor that ring water temperature rises and held, and finally raises low back pressure side exhaust temperature, low back pressure side condenser vacuum is not entered obstruction back pressure area.
The first temperature point 21 is provided with first circulation water lines 11, is provided with second circulation water lines 12
Two temperature points 22, the first temperature point 21 is arranged on the outlet upstream of the first bypass, and second temperature measuring point 22 is arranged on
The outlet upstream of two bypasses.
The 3rd temperature point 23 is provided with first circulation water lines 11, is provided with second circulation water lines 12
Four temperature points 24, the 3rd temperature point 23 is arranged on the upstream with the point of first circulation water lines 11 of the first bypass, the
Four temperature points 24 are arranged on the upstream of the second bypass and the point of second circulation water lines 12.
First flowmeter 31 is additionally provided with the first bypass, second flowmeter 32 is provided with the second bypass.
The 3rd flowmeter 33 is provided with first circulation water lines 11, the 4th is provided with second circulation water lines 12
Flowmeter 34, the 3rd flowmeter 33 is arranged on the downstream with the point of first circulation water lines 11 of the first bypass, the 4th flow
Meter 34 is arranged on the downstream of the second bypass and the point of second circulation water lines 12.
First flowmeter 31, second flowmeter 32, the 3rd flowmeter 33 and the 4th flowmeter 34 are ultrasonic flowmeters,
The outer diameter tube of first bypass and the second bypass is the 1/3 of first circulation water lines 11 and the external diameter of second circulation water lines 12, the
One circulating water line 11 is identical with the external diameter of second circulation water lines 12, first circulation water lines 11, second circulation water lines 12,
First bypass and the pipe material and wall thickness all same of the second bypass, the second control valve 41 and the second control valve 42 are certainly
Dynamic control valve;First flowmeter 31, second flowmeter 32, the 3rd flowmeter 33, the 4th flowmeter 34, the first temperature point
21st, second temperature measuring point 22, the DCS control systems of the 3rd temperature point 23 and the 4th temperature point 24 with steam turbine electrically connect
Connect.
Embodiment 2
A kind of operation method of above-mentioned double pressure condenser optimized operating device, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: calculating steam turbine obstruction back pressure value Pz,
Pz=f (Gms) --- --- formula (1)
Wherein GmsIt is steam turbine main steam flow, unit is kg/s, is obtained by the DCS system of steam turbine;
Step 2: calculating steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature tz, obtained steam turbine is calculated according to step one and blocks back pressure value
Pz, it is steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature t to calculate correspondence saturated-steam temperature according to IF-97 water vapours formulaz;Controlled by unit DCS
The steam turbine main steam flow G that system processed is obtainedms, correspondence obstruction back pressure value is calculated according to formula (1), according to IF-97 water vapours
Formula calculates correspondence saturated-steam temperature tzAs long as ensuring low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature higher than obstruction back pressure correspondence saturation
Vapor (steam) temperature tz, low back pressure side back pressure of condenser be then not less than steam turbine obstruction back pressure.
Step 3: calculating low back pressure side condenser duty Q before bypass adjustmentCond1,
QCond1=△ t1×Gw1×Cp--- ----formula (2)
Wherein CpIt is recirculated cooling water specific heat capacity, takes 4.2kJ/kg DEG C, △ t1=(t31-t1+t41-t2)/2, t1、t2、t31With
t41It is preceding first temperature point 21 of bypass adjustment, second temperature measuring point 22, the 3rd temperature point 23 and the 4th temperature point respectively
24 temperature, Gw1It is circulating cooling water flow, G before bypass adjustmentw1=G31+G41-G11-G21, G11、G21、G31And G41Enter respectively
First flowmeter 31, second flowmeter 32, the 3rd flowmeter 33 and the data of the 4th flowmeter 34 measurement before row bypass adjustment;
Step 4: calculating condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient K before bypass adjustment1,
δt1=ts1-(t3-1+t4-1)/2, ts1It is low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature before bypass adjustment, by unit DCS systems
System data acquisition, A is the effective heat transfer area of condenser;
Step 5: correct condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient and calculate the circulating cooling water flow upper limit,
Obtained after above-mentioned formula is deformed
Gw2It is the circulating cooling water flow upper limit, T is tolerance surplus, and the low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature for representing setting is high
In the numerical value of the corresponding saturated-steam temperature of obstruction back pressure;
It is separation with low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature T DEG C of saturated-steam temperature corresponding higher than obstruction back pressure, when
Low back pressure side vacuum enters obstruction back pressure region, is bypassed by recycling water formulation so that low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature is high
In obstruction back pressure T DEG C of saturated-steam temperature of correspondence, it is contemplated that low back pressure side condenser recirculated water inflow temperature before and after bypass adjustment
Constant, condenser heat transfer coefficient only needs to be corrected circulating water flow, and T preferred values are 2.
Step 6: bypass adjustment, the second control valve 41 of regulation and the second control valve 42, make G12、G22、G32And G42's
Meet
Gw2=G32+G42-G12-G22--- -- formula (5)
G12、G22、G32And G42It is to carry out first flowmeter 31, second flowmeter 32, the 3rd flowmeter after bypass adjustment respectively
33 and the 4th flowmeter 34 measure data.
DCS automatic control systems are by increasing the second control valve 41 and the aperture of the second control valve 42 simultaneously, until complete
Open so that by low back pressure side condenser circulating cooling water flow be Gw2, adjustment terminates, and low back pressure side condenser vacuum is no longer located
In obstruction back pressure area.
After first bypass valve and the second valve opening, if due to unit load reduction, or follow the change of pump operation pattern
To circulating water flow increase, or circulating water temperature rise so that low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature is higher than obstruction back pressure pair
Saturated-steam temperature is answered more than 2 DEG C, then repeat step three reduces the second control valve 41 and second to step 6, and in step 6
Control valve 42 so that circulating water flow, which is met, to be required, until fully closed.
These are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device, the double pressure condenser optimized operating device bag
Include:High back pressure condenser, low back pressure condenser and circulating water line, the circulating water line be divided into first circulation water lines and
Second circulation water lines, the first circulation water lines and second circulation water lines flow to high back pressure from low back pressure condenser and coagulated
Vapour device, is provided with the first bypass, first bypass cross-over connection is at the two ends of low back pressure condenser, on first circulation water route
The second bypass is provided with two-cycle road, second bypass is also connected across by the two ends of low back pressure condenser, described first
It is provided with road in the first control valve, second bypass and is provided with the second control valve;Set in first circulation water lines
The first temperature point is equipped with, second temperature measuring point is provided with second circulation water lines, first temperature point is arranged on
The outlet upstream of first bypass, the second temperature measuring point is arranged on the outlet upstream of the second bypass;In first circulation water
The 3rd temperature point is provided with pipeline, the 4th temperature point is provided with second circulation water lines, the 3rd temperature is surveyed
Point is arranged on the upstream with first circulation water lines point of the first bypass, and the 4th temperature point is arranged on the second bypass
With the upstream of second circulation water lines point;First flowmeter is additionally provided with the first bypass, is set in the second bypass
There is second flowmeter;The 3rd flowmeter is provided with first circulation water lines, the 4th is provided with second circulation water lines
Flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter is arranged on the downstream with first circulation water lines point of the first bypass, the 4th stream
Gauge is arranged on the downstream of the second bypass and second circulation water lines point;
It is characterized in that the operation method step of the double pressure condenser optimized operating device is as follows:
Step 1: calculating steam turbine obstruction back pressure value Pz,
Pz=f (Gms) --- --- formula (1)
Wherein GmsIt is steam turbine main steam flow, unit is kg/s, is obtained by the DCS system of steam turbine;
Step 2: calculating steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature tz, obtained steam turbine is calculated according to step one and blocks back pressure value Pz, root
It is steam turbine obstruction exhaust temperature t to calculate correspondence saturated-steam temperature according to IF-97 water vapours formulaz;
Step 3: calculating low back pressure side condenser duty Q before bypass adjustmentCond1,
QCond1=△ t1×Gw1×Cp--- ----formula (2)
Wherein CpIt is recirculated cooling water specific heat capacity, takes 4.2kJ/kg DEG C, △ t1=(t31-t1+t41-t2)/2, t1、t2、t31And t41Point
It is not the temperature of preceding first temperature point of bypass adjustment, second temperature measuring point, the 3rd temperature point and the 4th temperature point, Gw1It is
Circulating cooling water flow, G before bypass adjustmentw1=G31+G41-G11-G21, G11、G21、G31And G41It is to carry out before bypass adjustment respectively
First flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the data of the 4th flowmeter measurement;
Step 4: calculating condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient K before bypass adjustment1,
δt1=ts1-(t31+t41)/2, ts1It is low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature before bypass adjustment, by unit DCS system data
Obtain, A is the effective heat transfer area of condenser;
Step 5: correct condenser overall heat-transfer coefficient and calculate the circulating cooling water flow upper limit,
Gw2It is the circulating cooling water flow upper limit, T represents the low back pressure side condenser exhaust temperature of setting higher than obstruction back pressure correspondence
Saturated-steam temperature numerical value;
Step 6: bypass adjustment, the first control valve of regulation and the second control valve, make G12、G22、G32And G42Meet
Gw2=G32+G42-G12-G22--- -- formula (5)
G12、G22、G32And G42It is to carry out first flowmeter, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the 4th stream after bypass adjustment respectively
The data of flowmeter measurement.
2. a kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described
Flow meters, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter and the 4th flowmeter are ultrasonic flowmeters, first bypass and second
The outer diameter tube of bypass is the 1/3 of first circulation water lines and second circulation water lines external diameter, first circulation water lines and second
The external diameter of circulating water line is identical, the first circulation water lines, second circulation water lines, the first bypass and the pipe of the second bypass
Road material and wall thickness all same, first control valve and the second control valve are autocontrol valves;It is described first-class
Gauge, second flowmeter, the 3rd flowmeter, the 4th flowmeter, the first temperature point, second temperature measuring point, the 3rd temperature point
DCS control systems with the 4th temperature point with steam turbine are electrically connected with.
3. a kind of operation method of double pressure condenser optimized operating device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The T
Value is 2.
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CN107421350A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-12-01 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | A kind of double pressure condenser takes out air SR matching intelligent adjusting method |
CN111306956B (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2021-08-06 | 山东电力工程咨询院有限公司 | System and method for controlling exhaust steam pressure of direct air cooling unit |
CN113188341A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-07-30 | 华能威海发电有限责任公司 | Multi-dimensional online optimization control method for optimal vacuum of condenser |
CN114440655B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2024-02-27 | 河北西柏坡第二发电有限责任公司 | Circulating water flow regulating system of condenser of double back pressure turbine |
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