CN105862944A - Full-scale testing apparatus for spread foundations - Google Patents

Full-scale testing apparatus for spread foundations Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105862944A
CN105862944A CN201610402047.XA CN201610402047A CN105862944A CN 105862944 A CN105862944 A CN 105862944A CN 201610402047 A CN201610402047 A CN 201610402047A CN 105862944 A CN105862944 A CN 105862944A
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China
Prior art keywords
foundation
spread
spread foundation
power transmission
full scale
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Application number
CN201610402047.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105862944B (en
Inventor
梁兴
李元齐
高兴
焦听雷
许可
罗金辉
陈健飞
顾朝阳
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Become Capital Electricity Power Engineering Design Co Ltd
Tongji University
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Become Capital Electricity Power Engineering Design Co Ltd
Tongji University
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Application filed by Become Capital Electricity Power Engineering Design Co Ltd, Tongji University, State Grid Corp of China SGCC, Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Co Ltd filed Critical Become Capital Electricity Power Engineering Design Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610402047.XA priority Critical patent/CN105862944B/en
Publication of CN105862944A publication Critical patent/CN105862944A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D33/00Testing foundations or foundation structures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-scale testing apparatus for spread foundations. The full-scale testing apparatus comprises a foundation pit and a hydraulic static pile press. Base reaction measuring devices which are buried in a backfilled soil layer are arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit, a spread foundation test piece is arranged above the base reaction measuring devices, a force transfer short column is mounted on the top of the spread foundation test piece, a strain measuring device is arranged on the spread foundation test piece, and a force transfer plain concrete pile which is positioned above the force transfer short column is clamped at a jaw of the hydraulic static pile press. The full-scale testing apparatus has the advantages that reaction frame jack systems are replaced by the hydraulic static pile press, accordingly, the experimental efficiency of full-scale tests for concrete spread foundations with large width-height ratios can be effectively improved, the cost can be saved, and the time can be shortened; fine sand with the thickness ranging from 4 centimeters to 10 centimeters needs to be arranged on steel-wire soil pressure cells, so that stress can be effectively distributed, and the test precision can be improved; a rigid pressure plate is welded on the top of the spread foundation test piece, accordingly, sections of pillars can be simulated, and load applied by the force transfer short column can be uniformly transmitted to the spread foundation test piece.

Description

A kind of spread foundation full scale test device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the concrete spread foundation design field of a kind of transmission line of electricity, be specifically related to a kind of spread foundation foot Chi experimental rig.
Background technology
At present, concrete spread foundation is one of principal mode of electric power line steel tower.During UHV transmission line is built, base Plinth cost accounts for the 16% ~ 20% of overall investment, and therefore the optimization design on basis plays an important role with cost for saving the duration.
Reduce the cutting depth of foundation soil, i.e. reduce the height of footing step, can be significantly for economic angle Reduce cost, and can accelerate the duration.But, concrete spread foundation strictly observes step width in existing national sector standard The requirement less than 2.5 of the high ratio, so reducing the height of footing step, the width height ratio of steps of concrete spread foundation will exceed Specification limit.And using concrete spread foundation when, owing to downforce is increasing, and part geological condition ground Base low bearing capacity, sole plate area generally requires increase.It practice, the limit that concrete spread foundation the ratio of width to height is less than 2.5 Value is that the demand supposed based on the distribution of foundation bottom stress plane section is set out, and breaks through at present concrete spread foundation step width High than the requirement limited, need the sub-grade reaction distribution to the width height ratio of steps aspect ratio concrete spread foundation more than 2.5 Situation research experiment, preferably to recognize mechanical characteristic and the sub-grade reaction distribution rule on this class basis.
For aspect ratio concrete spread foundation, outdoor full scale test more can reflect its true stress objectively Characteristic, but, traditional concrete spread foundation full scale test device employing is set up jack reaction frame system and is carried as adding Put, if for the concrete spread foundation of aspect ratio, then need to set up reaction frame and jack on a large scale, not only waste Time nor economical, add the cost of full scale test.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is the defect for traditional concrete spread foundation full scale test device, A kind of spread foundation full scale test device is provided, solves traditional concrete spread foundation full scale test device big to the ratio of width to height When the spread foundation of 2.5 is tested, need to set up reaction frame and jack on a large scale and cause to lose time, increase test The problem of cost.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of spread foundation full scale test device, including foundation ditch, and described foundation ditch Bottom is provided with the Foundation pressure measurement apparatus being embedded in back fill course, is placed with extension above described Foundation pressure measurement apparatus Basis test specimen, described spread foundation test specimen top is provided with power transmission short column, spread foundation test specimen is provided with strain gauge means, Also include that hydraulic static pile pressing machine, the jaw of described hydraulic static pile pressing machine accompany the power transmission element coagulation being positioned at above power transmission short column Soil stake.In prior art, in order to detect mechanical characteristic and the sub-grade reaction distribution rule of concrete spread foundation objectively, typically Full scale test, traditional concrete spread foundation full scale test is all used to use loading equipemtn to be reaction frame and jack, but, Concrete spread foundation to aspect ratio, the concrete spread foundation i.e. short than general concrete spread foundation, floor space is big, When carrying out full scale test, traditional concrete spread foundation full scale test loading system then need large-area build reaction frame and Jack, not only loses time, and increases experimentation cost, makes the efficiency of full scale test reduce.In order to solve the problems referred to above, The invention provides a kind of device that aspect ratio concrete spread foundation carries out full scale test, this device uses hydraulic static Pile press machine can use liquid as charger, the axial pressure or the eccentricity pressure that act on concrete foundation top in Practical Project The vertical static pressure that pressure static pile press produces is simulated, and hydraulic static pile pressing machine relatively reaction frame has and has conveniently moving, one-tenth This is the lowest, construction time noiselessness, friction, free of contamination advantage, not only shortening time of full scale test also a saving and test into This.Power transmission plain concrete pile is clamped, by short to power transmission bottom power transmission plain concrete pile by the jaw of hydraulic static pile pressing machine Column top imposed load, thus to spread foundation test specimen imposed load, it is arranged on the strain gauge means on spread foundation test specimen The strain that spread foundation test specimen is occurred can be precisely measured out, be arranged on the Foundation pressure bottom spread foundation test specimen and measure Device can obtain the sub-grade reaction distribution of spread foundation test specimen, just can be subject to concrete spread foundation by above-mentioned data Force characteristic, strain regime are analyzed with sub-grade reaction distribution, to judge whether concrete spread foundation the ratio of width to height can exceed The limit value of 2.5.
Further, equivalently-sized groove, institute it are provided with bottom described power transmission short column top and power transmission plain concrete pile Being provided with pressure sensor in stating groove, described pressure sensor connects piezometry instrument.When power transmission short column top and biography Bottom power plain concrete pile during contact, the groove inner casing of formation arranges pressure sensor, and the size of pressure sensor is preferably with recessed Groove size matches, and the pressure sensor when loading can be avoided to be moved, after setting pressure sensor, by external pressure Force detector device can survey the size of every grade of load, it is simple in loading procedure, controlled loading speed makes load stable.It addition, Pressure sensor can also be arranged between the jaw of hydraulic static pile pressing machine and power transmission plain concrete pile, power transmission short column and extension Between the test specimen of basis, lie in a horizontal plane in inside power transmission plain concrete pile or power transmission short column.
Further, the rigidity identical with power transmission short column diameter it is provided with between described power transmission short column and spread foundation test specimen Pressing plate.Weld one piece of Rigid Plates Under Compression suitable with power transmission short column size at spread foundation test specimen top, Rigid Plates Under Compression is possible not only to use Simulate pillar cross section, also act as by pass column to uniform load pass to the effect of spread foundation test specimen.
Further, described strain gauge means includes foil gauge, and described foil gauge connects static strain measuring instrument.Root According to the ratio of width to height of spread foundation test specimen, reasonably arranging foil gauge around spread foundation test specimen, foil gauge transfers data to External strain gauge, by strain gauge it is observed that spread foundation test specimen institute after the load transmitted by top The strain produced.Foil gauge in use, needs the most levelling on concrete, and cleans dry with acetone by the position needing monitoring Only.
Further, described static strain measuring instrument uses DH3816 static strain measuring instrument software.Use static strain Measuring instrument software automatically can record data in computer and be analyzed, thus reduces the workload of operating personnel.
Further, it is provided with C10 concrete cushion between described spread foundation test specimen and back fill course.C10 concrete Uniform load bottom spread foundation test specimen is applied to bottom by bed course, it is simple to gather the counter-force bottom spread foundation test specimen.
Further, described Foundation pressure measurement apparatus is steel chord type soil pressure cell, and described steel chord type soil pressure cell connects There is vibrating wire frequency measurer.It is permissible that the Foundation pressure that steel chord type soil pressure cell and vibrating wire frequency measurer form measures system and device Measure the counter-force bottom spread foundation test specimen.
Further, described steel chord type soil pressure cell is provided above fine sand, and the thickness of described fine sand is 4 to 10 centimetres. Be found by experiment that, when testing the stress between two kinds of different materials, be covered with above steel chord type soil pressure cell thickness 4 to The fine sand of 10 centimetres can avoid stress to concentrate, it is simple to stress distribution.
Further, being provided with fine sand below described steel chord type soil pressure cell, the thickness of described fine sand is 2 to 5 centimetres.For Prevent the cause influence test accuracy of soil property bottom foundation ditch, bottom foundation ditch and between steel chord type soil pressure cell, be equipped with 2 to 5 Centimetre fine sand.
The present invention compared with prior art, has such advantages as and beneficial effect:
1, the present invention uses hydraulic static pile pressing machine to instead of reaction frame and jack system, is effectively improved for big wide high The ratio conventional efficient of concrete spread foundation full scale test, provides cost savings and decreases the time;
2, the present invention is drawn should be provided above, at steel chord type soil pressure cell, the fine sand that thickness is 4 to 10 centimetres by practice, makes Stress is distributed very well, adds the precision of test;
3, the present invention welds the Rigid Plates Under Compression that one piece of size is suitable with force-transmitting pole size at spread foundation test specimen top, is possible not only to use Simulate pillar cross section, also act as by pass column to uniform load pass to the effect of spread foundation test specimen.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing being further appreciated by the embodiment of the present invention, constitutes of the application Point, it is not intended that the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram.
Mark and the parts title of correspondence in accompanying drawing:
1-hydrostatic pile press machine, 2-power transmission plain concrete pile, 3-pressure sensor, 4-piezometry instrument, 5-power transmission short column, 6-Rigid Plates Under Compression, 7-static strain measuring instrument, 8-vibrating wire frequency measurer, 9-foil gauge, 10-steel chord type soil pressure cell, 11-expands Exhibition basis test specimen, 12-concrete cushion, 13-fine sand, 14-back fill course.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, to this Invention is described in further detail, and the exemplary embodiment of the present invention and explanation thereof are only used for explaining the present invention, do not make For limitation of the invention.
Embodiment
As it is shown in figure 1, one spread foundation full scale test device of the present invention, including foundation ditch, it is provided with bottom described foundation ditch The Foundation pressure measurement apparatus being embedded in back fill course 14, is placed with spread foundation test specimen above described Foundation pressure measurement apparatus 11, described spread foundation test specimen 11 top is provided with power transmission short column 5, and spread foundation test specimen 11 is provided with strain gauge means, Also include that hydraulic static pile pressing machine 1, the jaw of described hydraulic static pile pressing machine 1 accompany the power transmission element being positioned at above power transmission short column 5 Concrete-pile 2.Further, be provided with bottom described power transmission short column 5 top and power transmission plain concrete pile 2 equivalently-sized recessed Groove, is provided with pressure sensor 3 in described groove, described pressure sensor 3 connects piezometry instrument 4.Further, institute State and between power transmission short column 5 with spread foundation test specimen 11, be provided with the Rigid Plates Under Compression 6 identical with power transmission short column 5 diameter.Further, Described strain gauge means includes foil gauge 9, and described foil gauge 9 connects static strain measuring instrument 7.Further, described quiet State strain gauge 7 uses DH3816 static strain measuring instrument software.Further, described spread foundation test specimen 11 and backfill soil It is provided with concrete cushion 12 between layer 14.Further, described Foundation pressure measurement apparatus is steel chord type soil pressure cell 10, institute State steel chord type soil pressure cell 10 connection and have vibrating wire frequency measurer 8.Further, described steel chord type soil pressure cell 10 is provided above Fine sand 13, the thickness of described fine sand 13 is had to be 4 to 10 centimetres.Further, it is provided with below described steel chord type soil pressure cell 10 Fine sand, the thickness of described fine sand is 2 to 5 centimetres.When using this device, first spreading a layer thickness bottom foundation ditch is 2 centimetres Fine sand, places steel chord type soil pressure cell 10, steel chord type soil pressure cell according to the concrete condition of spread foundation test specimen 11 on fine sand 10 external type vibration wire frequency testers 8, then fill up the space between steel chord type soil pressure cell 10, back fill course with back fill course 14 14 exceed 5 centimetres than steel chord type soil pressure cell 10, and on string formula soil pressure cell 10, laying depth is the fine sand 13 of 5 centimetres, afterwards It is provided above C10 concrete cushion 12 at back fill course 14, C10 concrete cushion 12 is placed spread foundation test specimen 11, root Uniformly placing foil gauge 9 on spread foundation test specimen 11 according to the concrete condition of spread foundation test specimen 11 size, foil gauge 9 is external quiet State strain gauge 7, static strain measuring instrument 7 uses DH3816 static strain measuring instrument software, and can automatically record and analyze should Parameter evidence, spread foundation test specimen 11 is provided above Rigid Plates Under Compression 6, Rigid Plates Under Compression 6 power transmission installed above short column 5, power transmission short column 5 Top is provided with groove, placement force sensor 3 in groove, and pressure sensor 3 is connected with piezometry instrument 4, during measurement, makes The jaw of hydraulic static pile pressing machine 1 clamps power transmission plain concrete pile 2, is provided with groove bottom power transmission plain concrete pile 2, adjusts liquid The position of pressure static pile press 1 jaw makes the groove at groove alignment power transmission short column 5 top bottom power transmission plain concrete pile 2, logical Cross hydraulic static pile pressing machine 1 and data that piezometry instrument records are gradually increased load, automatic by static strain measuring instrument Record and analysis spread foundation test specimen 11 are along with deformation produced by the increase of load, then are surveyed by type vibration wire frequency tester 8 Produce counter-force bottom spread foundation test specimen 11, by these data detect objectively the mechanical characteristic of concrete spread foundation with Sub-grade reaction distribution rule.
Above-described detailed description of the invention, has been carried out the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect further Describe in detail, be it should be understood that the detailed description of the invention that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention Protection domain, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. done, all should comprise Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a spread foundation full scale test device, including foundation ditch, is provided with bottom described foundation ditch and is embedded in back fill course (14) Foundation pressure measurement apparatus, be placed with spread foundation test specimen (11), described extension base above described Foundation pressure measurement apparatus Plinth test specimen (11) top is provided with power transmission short column (5), and spread foundation test specimen is provided with strain gauge means on (11), and its feature exists In, also include that hydraulic static pile pressing machine (1), the jaw of described hydraulic static pile pressing machine (1) accompany and be positioned at power transmission short column (5) top Power transmission plain concrete pile (2).
A kind of spread foundation full scale test device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described power transmission short column (5) Top and power transmission plain concrete pile (2) bottom are provided with equivalently-sized groove, are provided with pressure sensor in described groove (3), described pressure sensor (3) connects piezometry instrument (4).
A kind of spread foundation full scale test device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described power transmission short column (5) Be provided with the Rigid Plates Under Compression (6) identical with power transmission short column (5) diameter between spread foundation test specimen (11).
A kind of spread foundation full scale test device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described strain gauge means Including foil gauge (9), described foil gauge (9) connects static strain measuring instrument (7).
A kind of spread foundation full scale test device the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described static strain is measured Instrument (7) uses DH3816 static strain measuring instrument software.
A kind of spread foundation full scale test device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described spread foundation test specimen And between back fill course (14), be provided with concrete cushion (12) (11).
A kind of spread foundation full scale test device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Foundation pressure is measured Device is steel chord type soil pressure cell (10), and described steel chord type soil pressure cell (10) connects vibrating wire frequency measurer (8).
A kind of spread foundation full scale test device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described steel chord type soil pressure Box (10) is provided above fine sand (13), and the thickness of described fine sand (13) is 4 to 10 centimetres.
A kind of spread foundation full scale test device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described steel chord type soil pressure Box (10) lower section is provided with fine sand, and the thickness of described fine sand is 2 to 5 centimetres.
CN201610402047.XA 2016-06-08 2016-06-08 A kind of spread foundation full scale test device Active CN105862944B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107271281A (en) * 2017-07-18 2017-10-20 国网四川省电力公司经济技术研究院 Experimental rig and method for double-deck armored concrete spread foundation uplift test
CN107340383A (en) * 2017-07-18 2017-11-10 国网四川省电力公司经济技术研究院 Device and preparation method for the measurement of concrete spread foundation sub-grade reaction distribution
CN114134947A (en) * 2021-12-09 2022-03-04 长江师范学院 Safety monitoring method for building foundation pile in saline environment

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CN1232116A (en) * 1998-04-16 1999-10-20 叶长生 Ground anchor heaping test pile method
JP2006057380A (en) * 2004-08-23 2006-03-02 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Load testing method for piled raft foundation
CN102828525A (en) * 2012-08-16 2012-12-19 国核电力规划设计研究院 Foundation structure of power transmission line tower
JP2012255305A (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-27 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Foundation load testing method
CN102966125A (en) * 2012-10-10 2013-03-13 中国电力科学研究院 Transmission and transformation project foundation load test system
CN103995097A (en) * 2014-06-06 2014-08-20 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Test method and test device for simulating stratum deformation caused by pipe jacking construction
CN205669219U (en) * 2016-06-08 2016-11-02 国家电网公司 A kind of spread foundation full scale test device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1232116A (en) * 1998-04-16 1999-10-20 叶长生 Ground anchor heaping test pile method
JP2006057380A (en) * 2004-08-23 2006-03-02 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Load testing method for piled raft foundation
JP2012255305A (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-27 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Foundation load testing method
CN102828525A (en) * 2012-08-16 2012-12-19 国核电力规划设计研究院 Foundation structure of power transmission line tower
CN102966125A (en) * 2012-10-10 2013-03-13 中国电力科学研究院 Transmission and transformation project foundation load test system
CN103995097A (en) * 2014-06-06 2014-08-20 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Test method and test device for simulating stratum deformation caused by pipe jacking construction
CN205669219U (en) * 2016-06-08 2016-11-02 国家电网公司 A kind of spread foundation full scale test device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107271281A (en) * 2017-07-18 2017-10-20 国网四川省电力公司经济技术研究院 Experimental rig and method for double-deck armored concrete spread foundation uplift test
CN107340383A (en) * 2017-07-18 2017-11-10 国网四川省电力公司经济技术研究院 Device and preparation method for the measurement of concrete spread foundation sub-grade reaction distribution
CN107271281B (en) * 2017-07-18 2019-10-18 国网四川省电力公司经济技术研究院 Experimental rig and method for the double-deck armored concrete spread foundation uplift test
CN114134947A (en) * 2021-12-09 2022-03-04 长江师范学院 Safety monitoring method for building foundation pile in saline environment

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