Nickel and stainless steel super large-scale continuous casting billet manufacture method
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material stainless steel-making process field, open a kind of high-quality stainless steel super large-scale continuous casting
Base (circle base specification Φ 600mm, Φ 700mm, Φ 800mm;Square billet specification 380mm × 490mm) manufacture method, it is mainly used in nickel
The production of stainless steel casting blank.
Background technology
At present, mostly domestic production factory nickel and stainless steel large section blank is to use molding base to produce, even if using continuous casting work
Skill produces and is also only capable of producing the Φ 600 following continuous cast round billets of mm specification and the 350 following square billets of mm section.Along with gas turbine,
Wind-powered electricity generation ring forging consumption improves constantly with scale, has had the highest to continuous cast round billets cross dimensions, kind, quality
Expect.Compared with tradition steel ingot, the use of continuous casting round bloom or bloom will be greatly improved production efficiency, improve lumber recovery, have
Effect ground reduces production cost, and its stock utilization can reach 99% even 100%, and relatively steel ingot lumber recovery improves about 15 percentage points.
But large section nickel stainless continuous casting billet production difficulty is relatively big, technological parameter is complicated, at present, and the company of domestic super large-scale nickel and stainless steel
Strand produced also in the blank stage, according to data check and record, reached the continuous casting great circle of such size scale the most at present
Base and bloom fall within blank field, home and abroad literature search is not all found relevant valuable continuous casting round bloom and
The information of bloom, and relevant research work.
Summary of the invention
The open a kind of nickel and stainless steel super large-scale continuous casting billet manufacture method of the present invention, it is therefore an objective to by Design and optimization continuous casting
Molten steel overheat, stirring parameter, protective slag reach to improve continuous casting billet surface and the purpose of inherent quality.
For achieving the above object, the present invention uses techniques below route: should take the key measures of two aspects: one
Aspect carries out rational Design of Chemical Composition and formulates scientific and reasonable smelting process, it is ensured that nickel and stainless steel can reach high-cleanness
The metallurgical quality of degree, the difficult point of nickel and stainless steel smelting process is how to reduce hydrogen oxygen content in steel, reduces oxide folder in steel
Miscellaneous;On the other hand to determine rational casting parameters, the difficult point of continuous casting process is how to formulate rational pouring temperature,
Casting speed, protective slag, reduces secondary oxidation in casting process, prevents molten steel from polluting, control rational work simultaneously
Skill reduces the segregation of chemical composition, improves surface quality of continuously cast slab etc. simultaneously.
Use technical scheme in detail below: production specification is Φ 600 mm~Φ 800 mm and 380mm × 490mm
Continuous casting billet:
Process route is: UHP → AOD → (VD) → LF → continuous casting → finishing → packaging;Including steel-making smelting process and company
Casting process.
1. process for making
(1) the chemical composition inner quality standard of 304L steel, is shown in Table 1,
The chemical composition inner quality standard of table 1 304L steel
The chemical composition inner quality standard of 316L steel, is shown in Table 2,
The chemical composition inner quality standard of table 2 316L steel
The chemical composition inner quality standard of 304 steel, is shown in Table 3.
The chemical composition inner quality standard of table 3 304 steel
(2) eaf process
Batch 50 tons~55 tons, furnace charge selection high-quality 300 series recirculating scrap, high carbon ferro-chrome, nickel-contained pig iron, wherein 300 are
The row recirculating scrap amount of allocating into 30 tons~40 tons, the nickel-contained pig iron amount of allocating into not less than 8 tons, high carbon ferro-chrome is not less than 5 tons;Tapping temperature
(T): 1610 DEG C~1630 DEG C, part high carbon alloy material furnishing part is used during tapping;Eccentric low tapping, controls not slag tapping;
3min~5min reduction oxygen intensity before tapping, increases spray carbon consumption, every stove 180kg~250kg;Use high-quality lime and fritting
Slag slag making;
(3) AOD technique
AOD operating process: convert steel process → thermometric and sampling process → argon oxygen refining process → reduction process → tapping process.
AOD converts steel temperature and controls at 1500 DEG C~1540 DEG C;In ladle, recrement is not more than 30mm;AOD argon oxygen refining process slag charge adds
Principle: 3000kg/ stove;Argon oxygen refining process middle carbon content arranges value: finished product carbon content desired value+0.05%, endpoint carbon content
Value is set: finished product aim carbon content desired value-0.015%;AOD goes out composition of steel and performs according to finished product control composition;Tapping temperature T=
1640 DEG C~1670 DEG C;
(4) LF technique
LF furnace operating flow process: argon gas → precipitation desoxydation → power transmission → adjustment quantity of slag → reduction (diffusive deoxidation) → composition connected by ladle
Analysis → adjusting component, temperature → LF stove tapping.LF stove Argon system: Argon pressure 0.2 MPa~0.5MPa, can be according to ventilative
Brick degree of breathing freely increases and decreases argon flow amount in proportion, somewhat blows open with the top of the slag, and molten steel is the most exposed is advisable;Refining period, temperature controlled: former
The then upper minimizing high-temperature duration more than 1600 DEG C as far as possible, temperature is sampled not less than 1550 DEG C analyzing;LF slag amount control
System: lime adding amount (5~10) kg/ton;LF tapping temperature T=1575 DEG C~1585 DEG C;
(5) VD technique
Skimming on a small quantity before entering tank, ladle sky bag height is not less than 1000mm;Vacuum is not more than 100Pa, vacuum lower retention time
10 min~15min, big argon gas stirring under final vacuum, after degassing, the soft blow time is no less than 20min, not revealing molten steel face is
Accurate;Opening temperature (1580 ± 10) DEG C;
2. continuous casting process
(1) round billet continuous casting technique
1. 304L molten steel liquidus temperature is about 1465 DEG C, and it is 1580 DEG C~1590 DEG C that continuous casting first wraps platform temperature, even waters and wraps
Platform temperature is 1575 DEG C~1585 DEG C;304 molten steel liquidus temperature are about 1445 DEG C, and it is 1560 DEG C that continuous casting first wraps platform temperature
~1570 DEG C, even casting ladle temperature of appearing on the stage is 1555 DEG C~1565 DEG C, and the degree of superheat controls 15 DEG C~40 DEG C.Take two these cooling zone electricity
Magnetic stirring technique+end electromagnetic agitating technology, casting speed controls at 0.14 m/min~0.3m/min;Carry out middle bag Argon behaviour
Make, long nozzle protection+covering slag+argon for protecting pouring;Continuous casting billet hole is cold.
2. casting parameters
The degree of superheat is as shown in table 4 with casting speed control,
Table 4 degree of superheat and casting speed control pulling rate unit are m/min
Crystallizer cooling and specific water are as shown in table 5,
The cooling of table 5 crystallizer and specific water
Stirring parameter is as shown in table 6,
Table 6 stirring parameter
(2) billet continuous casting technique
1. 316L molten steel liquidus temperature is about 1464 DEG C, and it is 1550 DEG C~1560 DEG C that continuous casting first wraps platform temperature, even waters and wraps
Platform temperature is 1545 DEG C~1555 DEG C, and the degree of superheat controls 15 DEG C~40 DEG C.Take two these cooling zone electromagnetic agitating technologies+end electricity
Magnetic stirring technique, casting speed controls at 0.14 m/min~0.3m/min;Carry out the operation of middle bag Argon, long nozzle protection+protect
Protect slag+argon for protecting pouring;Continuous casting billet hole is cold;
2. casting parameters
The degree of superheat is as shown in table 7 with casting speed control,
Table 7 degree of superheat and casting speed control pulling rate unit are m/min
Crystallizer cooling and specific water are as shown in table 8,
The cooling of table 8 crystallizer and specific water
Stirring parameter is as shown in table 9,
Table 9 stirring parameter
3. continuous casting billet surface finish checks technique
Steel all carry out artificial surface inspection, cut macro coupon and observe low power situation;
4. assay
1. surface quality: continuous casting billet surface without visual visible crackle, scab, fold, pin hole, be mingled with and the degree of depth is more than 0.5mm
Crackle;
2. gas content in steel: oxygen content is not more than 50 × 10-6, hydrogen content be not more than 5 × 10-6;
3. non-metallic inclusion 100% meets standard regulation;
4. continuous casting billet low power: in continuous casting billet low power acidleach test piece without visual visible white point, be layered, be mingled with, skull patch;Center is dredged
Pine is not more than 2.0 grades, and central pipe is not more than 2.0 grades.
Innovative point and the advantage of the present invention are:
1. the present invention is by formulating the technique reasonably smelting nickel and stainless steel, is determined for compliance with the casting parameters of reality, produces
Go out the stainless continuous casting steel billet of large section nickel met the requirements of the customers, filled up both at home and abroad in the blank of this production field;
2. the method is used to produce the work changing conventional nickel and stainless steel large forgings product based on steel-making molding+forging
Skill route, changes continuous casting production into and is greatly improved productivity ratio, improve lumber recovery, reduce production cost;
3. the technical measures such as strict smelting process, pouring technology and Composition Control are used, it is thus achieved that preferably strand metallurgical quality
Create conditions for follow-up smooth forging;
4. use long nozzle protection+covering slag+argon for protecting pouring etc. to improve the cleanliness factor of steel by continuous casting, pass through continuous casting process
The reasonable disposition of parameter, is effectively improved the segregation during solidification of molten steel, improves the machinability of strand and obtain satisfied table
Face and internal soundness.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Steel grade: 022Cr19Ni10(304L)
Heat (batch) number: 15113052909, continuous casting billet trimmed size: Φ 600mm.
Technological process: UHP → AOD → (VD) → LF → continuous casting → finishing → packaging.
1. process for making
(1) the actual chemical composition of 022Cr19Ni10 (304L) steel, is shown in Table 10,
The chemical composition of table 10 022Cr19Ni10 (304L) steel
(2) eaf process
Batch 55 tons, furnace charge selects high-quality 300 series recirculating scrap, high carbon ferro-chrome, nickel-contained pig iron, wherein 300 series return
The steel scrap amount of allocating into 35 tons, the nickel-contained pig iron amount of allocating into 10 tons, high carbon ferro-chrome 8 tons;Tapping temperature (T): 1630 DEG C, employing portion during tapping
Divide high carbon alloy material furnishing part;Eccentric bottom tapping, controls not slag tapping;3min reduction oxygen intensity before tapping, increases spray carbon
Consumption is often to stove 220kg;Use high-quality lime and pre-melted slag slag making;
(3) AOD technique
AOD operating process: convert steel process → thermometric and sampling process → argon oxygen refining process → reduction process → tapping process.
AOD converts steel temperature 1520 DEG C;Recrement 20mm in ladle;AOD argon oxygen refining process slag charge adds 3000kg/ stove;Argon oxygen refined
Journey middle carbon content arranges value 0.08%, and endpoint carbon content arranges value 0.014%;AOD goes out composition of steel and holds according to finished product control composition
OK;Tapping temperature T=1650 DEG C;
(4) LF technique
LF furnace operating flow process: argon gas → precipitation desoxydation → power transmission → adjustment quantity of slag → reduction (diffusive deoxidation) → composition connected by ladle
Analysis → adjusting component, temperature → LF stove tapping.LF stove Argon pressure 0.24MPa, refining period temperature 1580 DEG C, LF hearthstone ash adds
Enter amount 8kg/ton;LF tapping temperature T=1580 DEG C;
(5) VD technique
Skim on a small quantity before entering tank, ladle sky bag height 1200mm;Vacuum 67Pa, vacuum lower retention time 15min, end vacuum
The stirring of big argon gas, soft blow time 20min after degassing under degree;Opening temperature 1580 DEG C.
2. continuous casting process
(1) 304L molten steel liquidus temperature is about 1465 DEG C, and even casting ladle temperature of appearing on the stage is 1580 DEG C, takes two these cooling zone electromagnetism to stir
The technology of mixing+end electromagnetic agitating technology, carries out the operation of middle bag Argon, long nozzle protection+covering slag+argon for protecting pouring;Continuous casting
Base hole is cold.
(2) casting parameters
The degree of superheat is as shown in table 11 with casting speed control,
Table 11 degree of superheat and casting speed control pulling rate unit are m/min
Crystallizer cooling and specific water are as shown in table 12,
The cooling of table 12 crystallizer and specific water
Stirring parameter is as shown in table 13,
Table 13 stirring parameter
Agitating mode |
Electric current |
Frequency |
Agitating mode |
Casting stream electricity stirs |
150A |
2.0Hz |
Alternate agitation, 10s-10s |
End electricity stirs |
550A |
4.5Hz |
Alternate agitation, 25s-5s-25s-5s |
3. continuous casting billet surface finish checks technique
Steel all carry out artificial surface inspection, cut macro coupon and observe low power situation.
4. assay
1. surface quality: continuous casting billet surface without visual visible crackle, scab, fold, pin hole, be mingled with and the degree of depth is more than 0.5mm
Crackle;
2. gas content in steel: oxygen content 35 × 10-6, hydrogen content 2 × 10-6;
3. non-metallic inclusion 100% meets standard regulation;
4. continuous casting billet low power: in continuous casting billet low power acidleach test piece without visual visible white point, be layered, be mingled with, skull patch;Center porosity
1.0 grades, central pipe 1.5 grades.
This heat (batch) number completes to put in storage 4 altogether, 61.457 tons.
Embodiment 2
Steel grade: 022Cr17Ni12Mo2(316L)
Heat (batch) number: 15116012920;Continuous casting billet trimmed size: 380*490mm.
Technological process: UHP → AOD → (VD) → LF → continuous casting → finishing → packaging.
1. process for making
(1) 022Cr17Ni12Mo2(316L) the actual chemical composition of steel, it is shown in Table 14,
Table 14 022Cr17Ni12Mo2(316L) chemical composition of steel
(2) eaf process
Batch 53 tons, furnace charge selects high-quality 300 series recirculating scrap, high carbon ferro-chrome, nickel-contained pig iron, wherein 300 series return
The steel scrap amount of allocating into 40 tons, the nickel-contained pig iron amount of allocating into 10 tons, high carbon ferro-chrome 5 tons;Tapping temperature (T): 1620 DEG C, employing portion during tapping
Divide high carbon alloy material furnishing part;Eccentric low tapping, controls not slag tapping;5min reduction oxygen intensity before tapping, increases spray carbon
Consumption 220kg;Use high-quality lime and pre-melted slag slag making;
(3) AOD technique
AOD operating process: convert steel process → thermometric and sampling process → argon oxygen refining process → reduction process → tapping process.
AOD converts steel temperature and controls at 1530 DEG C;Recrement 20mm in ladle;AOD argon oxygen refining process slag charge adds 3000kg/ stove;Argon oxygen
Refining process middle carbon content 0.79%, endpoint carbon content 0.011%;AOD goes out composition of steel and performs according to finished product control composition;Tapping
Temperature T=1654 DEG C;
(4) LF technique
LF furnace operating flow process: argon gas → precipitation desoxydation → power transmission → adjustment quantity of slag → reduction (diffusive deoxidation) → composition connected by ladle
Analysis → adjusting component, temperature → LF stove tapping.LF stove Argon system: Argon pressure 0.3 MPa, air brick degree of breathing freely is good
Good, molten steel is the most exposed;Refining period, temperature controlled at 1580 DEG C, LF stove lime adding amount 8kg/ton;LF tapping temperature T=1575
℃;
(5) VD technique
Skim on a small quantity before entering tank, ladle sky bag height 1100mm;Vacuum 67Pa, vacuum lower retention time 15min, end vacuum
Under degree, the stirring of big argon gas, soft blow time 25min after degassing, go out tank temperature 1570 DEG C.
2. continuous casting process
1. 316L molten steel liquidus temperature is about 1464 DEG C, and even casting ladle temperature of appearing on the stage is 1545 DEG C, takes two these cooling zone electromagnetism to stir
The technology of mixing+end electromagnetic agitating technology, casting speed controls at 0.14 m/min~0.3m/min;Carry out the operation of middle bag Argon,
Long nozzle protection+covering slag+argon for protecting pouring;Continuous casting billet hole is cold;
2. casting parameters
The degree of superheat is as shown in Table 15 with casting speed control,
Table 16 degree of superheat and casting speed control pulling rate unit are m/min
Crystallizer cooling and specific water are as shown in table 16,
The cooling of table 16 crystallizer and specific water
Stirring parameter is as shown in table 17,
Table 17 stirring parameter
Agitating mode |
Electric current |
Frequency |
Agitating mode |
Crystallizer electricity stirs |
200A |
2.0Hz |
Continuously stir |
End electricity stirs |
450A |
4.5Hz |
Alternate agitation, 15s-3s-15s |
3. continuous casting billet surface finish checks technique
Steel all carry out artificial surface inspection, cut macro coupon and observe low power situation.
4. assay
1. surface quality: continuous casting billet surface without visual visible crackle, scab, fold, pin hole, be mingled with and the degree of depth is more than 0.5mm
Crackle;
2. gas content in steel: oxygen content 38 × 10-6, hydrogen content be not more than 2.0 × 10-6;
3. non-metallic inclusion 100% meets standard regulation;
4. continuous casting billet low power: in continuous casting billet low power acidleach test piece without visual visible white point, point
Layer, be mingled with, skull patch;Center porosity 0.5 grade, central pipe 1.0 grades.
This heat (batch) number reality puts 43.13 tons in storage.
Embodiment 3
Steel grade: 06Cr19Ni10(304)
Heat (batch) number: 16114050446, continuous casting billet trimmed size: Φ 600mm.
Technological process: UHP → AOD → (VD) → LF → continuous casting → finishing → packaging;
1. process for making
(1) 06Cr19Ni10(304) the actual chemical composition of steel, it is shown in Table 18.
The chemical composition of table 18 304 steel
(2) eaf process
Batch 54 tons, furnace charge selects high-quality 300 series recirculating scrap, high carbon ferro-chrome, nickel-contained pig iron, wherein 300 series return
The steel scrap amount of allocating into 35 tons, the nickel-contained pig iron amount of allocating into 10 tons, high carbon ferro-chrome 9 tons;Tapping temperature (T): 1630 DEG C, employing portion during tapping
Divide high carbon alloy material furnishing part;Eccentric bottom tapping, controls not slag tapping;5min reduction oxygen intensity before tapping, increases spray carbon
Consumption is often to stove 200kg;Use high-quality lime and pre-melted slag slag making.
(3) AOD technique
AOD operating process: convert steel process → thermometric and sampling process → argon oxygen refining process → reduction process → tapping process.
AOD converts steel temperature 1520 DEG C;Recrement 23mm in ladle;AOD argon oxygen refining process slag charge adds 3000kg/ stove;Argon oxygen refined
Journey middle carbon content arranges value 0.010, and endpoint carbon content arranges value 0.035%;AOD goes out composition of steel and holds according to finished product control composition
OK;Tapping temperature T=1650 DEG C;
(4) LF technique
LF furnace operating flow process: argon gas → precipitation desoxydation → power transmission → adjustment quantity of slag → reduction (diffusive deoxidation) → composition connected by ladle
Analysis → adjusting component, temperature → LF stove tapping.LF stove Argon pressure 0.3MPa, refining period temperature 1580 DEG C, LF hearthstone ash adds
Enter amount 8kg/ton;LF tapping temperature T=1570 DEG C;
(5) VD technique
Skim on a small quantity before entering tank, ladle sky bag height 1100mm;Vacuum 67Pa, vacuum lower retention time 15min, end vacuum
The stirring of big argon gas, soft blow time 20min after degassing under degree;Opening temperature 1580 DEG C;
2. continuous casting process
(1) 304 molten steel liquidus temperature are about 1445 DEG C, and even casting ladle temperature of appearing on the stage is 1555 DEG C, takes two these cooling zone electromagnetic agitation
Technology+end electromagnetic agitating technology, carries out the operation of middle bag Argon, long nozzle protection+covering slag+argon for protecting pouring;Continuous casting billet
Cheat cold.
(2) casting parameters
The degree of superheat is as shown in table 19 with casting speed control,
Table 19 degree of superheat and casting speed control pulling rate unit are m/min
Specification |
25 DEG C~30 DEG C |
31 DEG C~40 DEG C |
Φ600 |
0.270 m/min |
0.250 m/min |
Crystallizer cooling and specific water are as shown in table 20,
The cooling of table 20 crystallizer and specific water
Specification |
The crystallizer water yield |
Specific water |
One fauna number |
Two fauna numbers |
Φ600 |
4000 L/min |
0.10 L/kg |
100 |
110 |
Stirring parameter is as shown in table 21,
Table 21 stirring parameter
Agitating mode |
Electric current |
Frequency |
Agitating mode |
Casting stream electricity stirs |
150A |
2.0Hz |
Alternate agitation, 10s-10s |
End electricity stirs |
550A |
4.5Hz |
Alternate agitation, 25s-5s-25s-5s |
3. continuous casting billet surface finish checks technique
Steel all carry out artificial surface inspection, cut macro coupon and observe low power situation.
4. assay
1. surface quality: continuous casting billet surface without visual visible crackle, scab, fold, pin hole,
It is mingled with and the degree of depth crackle more than 0.5mm;
2. gas content in steel: oxygen content 37 × 10-6, hydrogen content 2 × 10-6;
3. non-metallic inclusion 100% meets standard regulation;
4. continuous casting billet low power: in continuous casting billet low power acidleach test piece without visual visible white point, be layered, be mingled with, skull patch;Center porosity
0.5 grade, central pipe 1.0 grades.
This heat (batch) number completes to put in storage 3 altogether, 46.09 tons.