CN105860719A - 一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及阻尼材料领域，具体涉及一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料及其制备方法。一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料，按重量份包含：丙烯酸乳液10‑50份，乳化剂5‑20份，中和剂0.1‑10份，分散剂1‑20份，助溶剂1‑15份，颜填料10‑80份，水1‑50份。本发明通过高压喷涂手段将涂层厚度固定在0.5‑5mm左右，不流挂，经过高温100‑200℃烘烤后，迅速固化，不起泡，不脱落，并能增强减振降噪功能；以水为主要溶剂，不含苯类挥发物，对人类健康无严重伤害，使用的设备及工具都可用水清洗；所需原料易获取，生产工艺简单，施工方便，易于操作，产品附加值高，填补国内空白，在汽车、铁路机车等行业能够大量应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及阻尼材料领域，具体涉及一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料及其制备方法。
背景技术
高分子聚合物阻尼材料是一种以聚合物为基质抑制振动和降低噪声的功能材料，这种新型的减振降噪阻尼材料，在各个领域如飞机、汽车、机车车辆和轮船等交通工具以及工程机械，精密仪器设备上得到了广泛的应用。阻尼涂料按照分散介质，可分为溶剂型阻尼涂料和水性阻尼涂料。早期应用的阻尼涂料均为溶剂型阻尼涂料，主要有煤焦油—沥青阻尼涂料、溶剂型聚氨酯阻尼涂料等。随着国家产业政策的要求和人们环保意识的提高，含有大量有机溶剂的溶剂型阻尼涂料逐渐被安全环保的水性阻尼涂料所取代。
目前用于厚涂层的材料，基本上采用沥青阻尼胶板，如在先专利CN201120275456.0涉及汽车用发泡型沥青阻尼胶板，这种胶板受热分解出致癌物，影响驾乘人员身体健康，且耐寒性、弹性、耐老化性较差，在报废时污染环境。水性阻尼涂料大多是减震效果明显但不耐受高温烘烤的阻尼涂料，如在先专利CN200910309156.7涉及中温高性能水性阻尼涂料及制备方法，涂料可以在低温烘烤(60℃左右)下交联固化形成网络结构，提高阻尼复合损耗因数、阻燃隔热性能及吸音降噪作用。但目前汽车涂装工艺，都要经过高温烘烤操作，而以上涂料湿膜状态下无法耐受100-200℃的高温烘烤温度，容易造成鼓泡，脱落，丧失减振降噪功能。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明提供一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料，按重量份包含：丙烯酸乳液10-50份，乳化剂5-20份，中和剂0.1-10份，分散剂1-20份，助溶剂1-15份，颜填料10-80份，水1-50份。
优选地，所述阻尼涂料按重量份包含：丙烯酸乳液20-40份，乳化剂5-10份，中和剂0.1-2份，分散剂1-7份，助溶剂1-4份，颜填料50-70份，水1-15份。
所述丙烯酸乳液为水性苯丙乳液、水性纯丙乳液中的一种或其混合物。
所述乳化剂为烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚类、苄基酚聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或其混合物。
所述中和剂为二甲基乙醇胺。
所述分散剂为聚羧酸钠盐、聚丙烯酸盐中的一种或其混合物。
所述助溶剂为丙二醇甲醚、丁醇、异丙醇、丙二醇中的一种或其混合物。
所述颜填料包括A和B，A为空心玻璃珠、硅藻土中的一种或其混合物；B为钛白粉、氧化铁颜料、云母粉、高岭土、滑石粉、碳酸钙、氢氧化铝、硫酸钡、碳酸镁、石英粉中的一种或其混合物。
其中，颜填料空心玻璃珠为微小的球体，球型率大，具有滚珠轴承效应，能提高流动性，降低树脂混合物的黏度和内应力，并且具有导热系数低、抗压强度高，分散性、流动性、稳定性好、绝缘、自润滑、隔音、不吸水、耐火、耐腐蚀、防辐射、无毒等优异性能。使涂料在分散过程中更加润滑，降低粘度，保证在成膜过程中，更易挥发水分，高温烘烤不起泡并能保证涂料性能；并且在与其他填料搭配使用中，由于空心玻璃珠的吸油率低、重量轻、体积大，可以一定程度上提高粗粉料的用量，提高涂料不挥发物，能够降低填料使用的局限性。颜填料硅藻土具有强度性能好、防晒抗高温等特点，可以维持涂料耐受100-200℃的高温。此外硅藻土有优良的延伸性，有较高的冲击强度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度、质轻软内磨性好、搞压强度好等方面优质作用。在涂料高温烘烤，水分挥发的过程中，能够降低涂料收缩率，维持涂料涂膜状态。由于硅藻土的孔隙度大、吸收性强、化学性质稳定、耐磨、耐热等特点，能为涂料提供优异的表面性能，增容，增稠以及提高附着力。由于它具有较大的孔体积，能使涂膜缩短干燥时间，还可减少树脂的用量，降低成本。
所述可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将丙烯酸乳液过滤后加入混合机内，在搅拌的状态下加入中和剂，搅拌5-10min；
(2)在搅拌状态下加入乳化剂，搅拌5-10min后加入分散剂及助溶剂，搅拌5-10min；
(3)高速分散下，加入各种颜填料，搅拌20-30min；
(4)在搅拌状态下，加入水，搅拌15-30min，检测包装。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优异技术效果：
(1)通过高压喷涂手段将涂层厚度固定在0.5-5mm左右，不流挂，经过高温100-200℃烘烤后，迅速固化，不起泡，不脱落，并能增强减振降噪功能；以水为主要溶剂，不含苯类挥发物，对人类健康无严重伤害，使用的设备及工具都可用水清洗。
(2)本发明通过添加乳化剂，一方面明显降低乳液的粘度，使涂膜在成膜过程中，容易挥发出水分，而不鼓泡；另一方面增强涂料的顺滑性，保证了涂料通过高压喷涂后的雾化效果，确保喷涂施工性能；增加填料的用量，提高涂料不挥发物含量，保证涂料涂层高温烘烤时，挥发物降低，不鼓泡。
(3)本发明所需原料易获取，生产工艺简单，施工方便，易于操作，产品附加值高，填补国内空白，提高汽车涂装的施工效率和涂装质量，在汽车、铁路机车等行业能够大量应用。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
实施例l
本实施例公开了一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料及其制备方法，所述的阻尼涂料按质量含有：丙烯酸乳液20份，乳化剂6.8份，中和剂0.2份，分散剂1.5份，助溶剂1.5份，氧化铁颜料1份，云母粉10份，空心玻璃珠4份，滑石粉10份，氢氧化铝15份，石英粉20份，水10份。
水性阻尼涂料按照以下方法制备：第一步：将丙烯酸乳液20份过滤后加入混合机内，在搅拌的状态下加入中和剂0.2份，搅拌5-10min；第二步：在搅拌状态下加入乳化剂6.8份，搅拌5min后加入分散剂1.5份及助溶剂1.5份，搅拌5-10min；第三步：放入氧化铁颜料1份，高速分散，待颜料完全展开后，缓慢加入空心玻璃珠4份，云母粉10份，滑石粉10份，氢氧化铝15份，石英粉20份，搅拌20-30min；第四步：在搅拌状态下，缓慢加入水10份，搅拌15-30min，检测包装。
其中乳化剂和空心玻璃珠的添加，对阻尼涂料的基本性能影响对比见下表1。试验条件为：涂层厚度3mm，表面刮平，将试片在烘箱中保持20min，除乳化剂和空心玻璃珠外，各原材料用量比例一致，同实施例1。
表1阻尼涂料部分添加料及部分性能对比
实施例2
本实施例公开了一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料及其制备方法，所述的阻尼涂料按质量含有：丙烯酸乳液25份，乳化剂7.9份，中和剂0.1份，分散剂2份，助溶剂2份，钛白粉2份，高岭土4份，硅藻土5份，滑石粉10份，碳酸钙20份，硫酸钡20份，水2份。
水性阻尼涂料按照以下方法制备：第一步：将丙烯酸乳液25份过滤后加入混合机内，在搅拌的状态下加入中和剂0.1份，搅拌5-10min；第二步：在搅拌状态下加入乳化剂7.9份，搅拌5min后加入分散剂2份及助溶剂2份，搅拌5-10min；第三步：放入钛白粉2份，高速分散，待颜料完全展开后，缓慢加入高岭土4份，硅藻土5份，滑石粉10份，碳酸钙20份，硫酸钡20份，搅拌20-30min；第四步：在搅拌状态下，缓慢加入水2份，搅拌15-30min，检测包装。
其中乳化剂和硅藻土的添加，对阻尼涂料的基本性能影响对比见下表2。试验条件为：涂层厚度3mm，表面刮平，将试片在烘箱中保持20min，除乳化剂和硅藻土外，各原材料用量比例一致，同实施例2。
表2阻尼涂料部分添加料及部分性能对比
Claims (9)
1.一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料，其特征在于，按重量份包含：丙烯酸乳液10-50份，乳化剂5-20份，中和剂0.1-10份，分散剂1-20份，助溶剂1-15份，颜填料10-80份，水1-50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料，其特征在于，所述阻尼涂料按重量份包含：丙烯酸乳液20-40份，乳化剂5-10份，中和剂0.1-2份，分散剂1-7份，助溶剂1-4份，颜填料50-70份，水1-15份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸乳液为水性苯丙乳液、水性纯丙乳液中的一种或其混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料，其特征在于，所述乳化剂为烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚类、苄基酚聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或其混合物。
5.根据权利要求l所述的一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料，其特征在于，所述中和剂为二甲基乙醇胺。
6.根据权利要求l所述的一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料，其特征在于，所述分散剂为聚羧酸钠盐、聚丙烯酸盐中的一种或其混合物。
7.根据权利要求l所述的一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料，其特征在于，所述助溶剂为丙二醇甲醚、丁醇、异丙醇、丙二醇中的一种或其混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料，其特征在于，所述颜填料包括A和B，A为空心玻璃珠、硅藻土中的一种或其混合物；B为钛白粉、氧化铁颜料、云母粉、高岭土、滑石粉、碳酸钙、氢氧化铝、硫酸钡、碳酸镁、石英粉中的一种或其混合物。
9.一种如权利要求1-8任意一项所述可喷涂烘烤型水性阻尼涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将丙烯酸乳液过滤后加入混合机内，在搅拌的状态下加入中和剂，搅拌5-10min；
(2)在搅拌状态下加入乳化剂，搅拌5-10min后加入分散剂及助溶剂，搅拌5-10min；
(3)高速分散下，加入各种颜填料，搅拌20-30min；
(4)在搅拌状态下，加入水，搅拌15-30min，检测包装。
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Address after: 266111 No. 2 Chunhai Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province Patentee after: QINGDAO AIR++ NEW MATERIALS CO.,LTD. Address before: North Laoshan Road Licang District 266000 in Shandong province Qingdao City, No. 1022 (1688 in the arts and Creative Industry Park F building room 209) Patentee before: QINGDAO AIR++ NEW MATERIALS CO.,LTD. |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: The invention relates to a spray baking waterborne damping coating and a preparation method thereof Effective date of registration: 20211025 Granted publication date: 20180727 Pledgee: Qingdao high technology financing Company limited by guarantee Pledgor: QINGDAO AIR++ NEW MATERIALS CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2021370010104 |
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| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Date of cancellation: 20221115 Granted publication date: 20180727 Pledgee: Qingdao high technology financing Company limited by guarantee Pledgor: QINGDAO AIR++ NEW MATERIALS CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2021370010104 |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: A sprayable baking water-based damping coating and its preparation method Effective date of registration: 20230508 Granted publication date: 20180727 Pledgee: Qingdao Chengyang Branch of China Construction Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: QINGDAO AIR++ NEW MATERIALS CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023980039966 |