CN105859438A - Plant selenium-rich zinc-rich nutrient solution and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant selenium-rich zinc-rich nutrient solution. The invention is characterized in that the nutrient solution is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.1-1% of Se, 0.1-1% of Zn, 0.1-1% of B, 0.1-1% of Mn, 0.1-1% of Cu, 0.1-1% of Mo, 5-20% of organic acid, 0.1-1% of Ti, 0.1-1% of vitamins and the balance of high-efficiency aid, totaling 100%. The organic acid is high-activity fulvic acid. The plant selenium-rich zinc-rich nutrient solution is used for rice, wheat, maize, millet, rape and other field crops, can obviously enhance the disease/pest tolerance, lodging tolerance, drought tolerance and other stress tolerances, increases the effective number of ears, enhances the setting percentage and thousand-grain weight, and can increase the yield by 10-15%. By using the nutrient solution, the selenium content in the grains reaches 40-300 mu g/kg, the zinc content reaches 10-20 mu g/kg, and especially the selenium content is greatly enhanced, thereby satisfying the Chinese standard requirements.

Description

A kind of plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, be specifically related to a kind of plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Zinc is one of element necessary to biology, both it is required to have grown for plant normal growth, and the food further through plant origin enters human body and animal, has close relationship with human animal's health, human body includes the enzyme of zinc has more than 80 to plant, and zinc participates in ribozyme and the metabolic process of protein.Research is it has been proved that human body zinc deficiency can cause numerous disease.Such as diseases such as dwarfism, diabetes, hypertension, genitals and secondary feature hypoplasia, male sterilities.Zinc content in plant is the lowest, but more than 200 kinds of enzymes can rise regulation, stable or catalytic action.When zinc in soil supplies not enough, crops and the yield of livestock products and quality all can be affected, and zinc deficiency phenomenon is the most universal on northern China calacareous soil.

Selenium is the indispensable element of human body and animal equally; selenium is combined with aminoacid; selenomethionine and seleno cysteine can be formed; selenium participates in the composition of glutathion peroxidase (GSH-PX); cellularity can be protected, slow down the aging course of cell, there is antioxidation and the specific function removing free radical; it is effectively improved human immunologic function, is described as " Promethean fire, anticancer king " by domestic and international scientist.Scarce selenium can cause GPX activity to reduce, thus causes the occurred frequently of various disorders such as cancers, hepatitis, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart disease, childhood dystrophy, senile neurological functional defect, memory and dysnoesia etc..Owing to scarce selenium causes the various diseases of people, animal to cause the serious concern of countries in the world.

Studying according to TaiWan, China medical expert Ke Wansheng, owing to the biological half-life of selenium is 11 days, its metabolism is the fastest.Continuous absorption along with selenium, the most constantly discharge, animal experiment shows, after selenium supplement stops, the blood Se content of experimenter can be gradually reduced, and tumor incidence is gradually increasing, so the required in life constantly selenium supplement of people, supplement its part run off, maintain the healthy amount of internal selenium, to reach the effect of defying age and life lengthening.

Lack in the world selenium throughout Asia, Europe, Africa, more than 40 countries and regions such as North America.China is to lack selenium than more serious country, and according to " Chinese soil trace element " (Liu Zheng chief editor), national Selenium in Soils content meansigma methods is 0.296mg/kg.The various diseases caused due to scarce selenium, it is mainly distributed on Heilungkiang, Jilin, Hebei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, moves towards in discontinuous broadband to Yunnan and Eastern Tibet one in southwest, northeast, referred to as " selenium deficiency disease band ", account for 2/3rds of whole nation land area, there are about inhabitants live more than 300,000,000 in this district.Study according to investigations, in this " low selenium band ", soil selenium-containing amount average out to 0.10mg/kg (i.e. 0.1/1000000th), rather than lesion is 0.3-0.5mg/kg.The selenium content of " low selenium band " interior surface water and groundwater is very little, is only < 0.3ppb (i.e. 0.3/1000000000th).

Zinc, selenium are the most important to biological health, and nutritional deficiency phenomenon is the most universal, rational allocation and obtain appropriate zinc, selenium just becomes major issue.Research shows: be that human and animal obtains a safety of appropriate zinc selemium nutrition, cheap, feasible approach by food chain path for transformation.But, human body is very trace to the needs of zinc, selenium, supplements with medicament and can only obtain interim effect, and its consumption is difficult to control to easy side effect；If supplementing with oral liquid health product, most resident's economic capabilities are difficult to bear.By using zinc, selenium to plant so that it is in plant chain, enrichment is regulatable approach, may finally reach human security and supplement the purpose of indispensable element.

The people selenium amount average out to 26.63ug by the every daily ingestion of diet, picked-up zinc amount is average less than 10, far below selenium intake in the meals that Chinese Soclety of Nutrition is recommended.Lack the Se content in the grain of selenium area and be less than 0.025mg/kg, rather than in lesion band, in grain, Se content is 0.04-0.05mg/kg.Cereals apoplexy due to endogenous wind zinc content 15-40mg/kg, but polished zinc content significantly reduces, and leaf vegetables and fruit zinc content are less few, and great majority are less than 4mg/kg.So selecting to tally with the national condition with cereal crops for the carrier of zinc supplement make-up lessons, selenium supplement, the Zinc-enriched selenium-enriched crop fertilization technology of research and extension has practical significance.

In nature, selenium is mainly with selenate (SeO₄2-), selenite (SeO₃The forms such as organic selenium 2-), after the inorganic states such as elemental selenium and bioconversion exist, and in vivo, and selenium is mainly with selenium protein, exist containing biomacromolecule organic forms such as selenium polypeptide and selenoamino acids.The selenium of inorganic states has a lot of valence state: 0 valency ,+divalent ,+4 valencys ,+6 valencys, and toxicity is relatively big, and the aspect such as the safety of organic selenium and bioavailability is superior to inorganic selenium.In Organic Selenium, seleno-amino acids is the main source of people's daily acquisition selenium, and wherein selenomethionine comes from plant, and selenocysteine comes from animal body.In terms of food chain angle, plant organic selenium is the basic channel in human nutrition selenium source, and the situation of Selenium in Plants resource directly influences the selemium nutrition situation of the mankind.

Form at Selenium in Soils can be divided into mineral state selenium, water soluble speciation, ADSORPTION STATE selenium, Organic Selenium, elemental selenium and gaseous state selenium.Native selenium, mineral state selenium and gaseous state selenium can not be absorbed and used by plants, and the significant degree of ADSORPTION STATE selenium depends on its mineral composition and P in soil H-number.Water soluble selenium include selenate (+6, SeO₄2-) and selenite (+4, SeO₃2-), under alkalescence, aeration condition, selenate is the key component of soluble selenium in soil；Selenite is then the Main Morphology of soil soluble selenium with under neutrallty condition acid, and with this understanding, selenite Yi Beitie again, the oxide adsorbent of aluminum and reduce dissolubility and the effectiveness of (Se+4).Organic selenium compound in soil, majority is the product containing selenium plant decomposition, and research shows, the typically selenium with fulvic acid complexation is easily absorbed by plants, and low to the effectiveness of plant with the selenium of humic acid complexation.

The absorption of Selenium By The Plants is mainly selenate, selenite or organic selenium, and the selenium of absorption is mainly two kinds of valence states of Se+4 and Se+6, and the root of plant and leaf all have certain absorbability.

Agricultural production takes many measures to the Se content increasing in crop products, such as: (1) direct selenium salt makees incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, allow crop root absorb selenium element, increase agricultural product selenium content；(2) spray corps leaf surface with selenium preparation solution, increase crop products selenium content, eaten by people, animal, carry out selenium supplement, prevent the generation of various scarce selenium disease；(3) dress seed with crop seeds with selenium solution, increased the selenium content in agricultural product by Root Absorption selenium, in order to the deficiency of Selenium Supplement.Although scarce selenium disease is had certain effect, but produced problem allows people worried equally: because selenium is different from other nutrient, crop yield and Se content also find no directly related, not yet determine that selenium is the essential nutrient element of crop at present, if directly selenium is manured into soil, the effectiveness of selenium can show differ because of different types of edaphic condition, and the amount of executing is improper is likely to result in soil pollution.Pure selenium compound is dressed seed with seed, and consumption is excessive, also easily causes soil pollution；If spraying crops and herbage with pure selenium compound solution, absorbance is the lowest.

In recent years, although both at home and abroad selenium-enriched fertilizer to have been studied certain progress, but selenium-enriched fertilizer and selenium-rich product to remain some difficulties urgently to be resolved hurrily, such as: selenium from which kind of approach enters in plant？Selenium is more easy to absorbed by crops with which kind of form？How to improve the conversion ratio of the organic selenium that inorganic selenium are changed in plant？How to use the preferable selenium-rich effect of generation？

Summary of the invention

For problems on using of currently existing zinc, selenium fertilizer product and to improving the dissatisfactory practical situation of Se content in agricultural product, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution and preparation method thereof.

Realize being employed technical scheme comprise that a kind of plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution in upper goal of the invention, it is made up of the raw material of following component: 0.1%～1%Se element, 0.1%～1%Zn element, 0.1%～1%B element, 0.1%～1%Mn element, 0.1%～1%Cu element, 0.1%～1%Mo element, 5%～20% organic acid, 0.1%～1%Ti element, 0.1%～1% vitamin, surplus are high effective additives, and the mass percent sum of mentioned component is 100%；Described organic acid is high activity fulvic acid.

Described selenium is organic Se+4.

It is a still further object of the present invention to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution, specifically include the following step:

1) Se element, Zn element, B element, Mn element, Cu element, Mo element, Ti element, high activity fulvic acid, vitamin, high effective additives are weighed in proportion standby；

2) Se adds high activity fulvic acid to combine as selenium element carrier, become stable complex solution；

3) in above-mentioned complex solution, add Zn, B, Mn, Cu, Mo, Ti, stir；

4) in above-mentioned steps 3) solution prepared adds vitamin and high effective additives, stir.

The present invention makes full use of the cooperative effect of dimension, zinc, selenium, adds and strengthens blade face adhesion property, blade face performance of keeping humidity, preparation stabilization performance and promote the various high effective additives of plant absorption, to prevent the mutual antagonism of each ion from reducing using effect.Avoid the fixing of selenium element and precipitation, improve the effectiveness of selenium, be allowed to be more easy to conversion absorbed by crops, overcome that singly to execute Se content in inorganic selenium consumption and agricultural product uncontrollable and to plant and the side effect of environment.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1

A kind of plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution, being prepared from by following raw material: 0.1%Se element, 1%Zn element, 0.1%B element, 0.1%Mn element, 1%Cu element, 0.1%Mo element, 20% organic acid, 0.1%Ti element, 1% vitamin, surplus are high effective additives, the mass percent sum of mentioned component is 100%.Se adds high activity fulvic acid combine as selenium element carrier, become stable complex solution；In above-mentioned complex solution, add Zn, B, Mn, Cu, Mo, Ti, stir；In above-mentioned steps 3) solution prepared adds vitamin and high effective additives, stir.

Embodiment 2

A kind of plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution, being prepared from by following raw material: 0.5%Se element, 0.1%Zn element, 1%B element, 1%Mn element, 0.5%Cu element, 0.5%Mo element, 10% organic acid, 0.5%Ti element, 0.5% vitamin, surplus are high effective additives, the mass percent sum of mentioned component is 100%.

Embodiment 3

A kind of plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution, being prepared from by following raw material: 1%Se element, 0.5%Zn element, 1%B element, 0.5%Mn element, 0.5%Cu element, 0.5%Mo element, 5% organic acid, 1%Ti element, 0.1% vitamin, surplus are high effective additives, the mass percent sum of mentioned component is 100%.

Embodiment 4

A kind of plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution, being prepared from by following raw material: 0.3%Se element, 0.8%Zn element, 0.6%B element, 0.9%Mn element, 0.7%Cu element, 0.2%Mo element, 13% organic acid, 0.3%Ti element, 0.8% vitamin, surplus are high effective additives, the mass percent sum of mentioned component is 100%.

Embodiment 5

A kind of plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution, being prepared from by following raw material: 0.7%Se element, 0.3%Zn element, 0.2%B element, 0.3%Mn element, 0.4%Cu element, 0.9%Mo element, 18% organic acid, 0.6%Ti element, 0.4% vitamin, surplus are high effective additives, the mass percent sum of mentioned component is 100%.

The using method of test example 1 present invention a kind of plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution

1. method of application

By to base manure, fill and execute, dress seed and the contrast test of the aspect such as foliage-spray, result shows the selenium-rich and zinc-rich effect that foliage-spray is best, and simple and easy to do.

2. Dressing date

Carrying out spraying selenium test from each crop different bearing stage, find that the crop of results seed breaks up the later stage (booting) with genitals preferable to initial bloom stage application effect, it is preferable that the crop of results nutrition organs produces the most vigorous effect in period in nutrition.

3. application dosage

Being difficult to grasp and Se content problem more rambunctious in agricultural product according to using inorganic selenium fertilizer consumption in the past, and carried out substantial amounts of test, result shows: along with the increase of selenium consumption, yield and Se content are increasing trend.But the Se-rich farm products of conformance with standard quality to be produced, the consumption of Selenium-rich nutrient solution is not The more the better, through repetition test, thus has accurately grasped fertilizer rich in selenium application dosage on various crops.Owing to selenium fertilizer consumption is less, and major part is absorbed by plants conversion, has both made remainder fully enter soil, and the Se content of low-Se soil topsoil also is difficult to reach average national level, uses selenium fertilizer can't work the mischief environment.

Oryza sativa L.: boot stage, heading stage and pustulation period respectively spray once, mu consumption 100ml/ time, dilute 500-800 times.

Semen Tritici aestivi: boot stage, heading stage and pustulation period respectively spray once, mu consumption 100ml/ time, dilute 500-800 times.

Semen Maydis: typhon mouth phase, jointing stage and pustulation period respectively spray once, mu consumption 100-150ml/ time, dilutes 500-800 times.

Millet: boot stage, heading stage and pustulation period respectively spray once, mu consumption 100ml/ time, dilute 500-800 times.

Brassica campestris L: BOITING STAGE, fruiting period respectively spray once, mu consumption 150-200ml/ time, dilute 500-800 times.

4. effect of Selenium-rich nutrient solution

For field crops such as Oryza sativa L., Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydis, millet, Brassica campestris Ls, the anti-adversity ability such as disease and insect resistance, resistant to lodging, drought resisting can be significantly improved, increase number of productive ear, improve setting percentage and mass of 1000 kernel, yield 10-15% can be increased.Make Se content in corn reach the micro-g kg of 40-300, Zn content reaches 10-20 mg/kg, particularly Se content both improves a lot, comply with the national standard requirements, again less than the threshold limit values index (GB13105-91) in national food hygienic standard.Making inorganic zinc, selenium be changed into organic, after people, animal are edible, easily absorb, have no side effect, this can solve to prevent and treat problem about endemic to a great extent.The heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, cadmium, hydrargyrum are had stronger Antagonism and and Degradation to nitrate simultaneously.Fit entirely into all kinds of organic zinc-rich, Se-rich farm products and the Development and Production of high-quality agricultural product.

Claims (3)

1. a plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following component: 0.1%～1%Se element, 0.1%～1%Zn element, 0.1%～1%B element, 0.1%～1%Mn element, 0.1%～1%Cu element, 0.1%～1%Mo element, 5%～20% organic acid, 0.1%～1%Ti element, 0.1%～1% vitamin, surplus are high effective additives, and the mass percent sum of mentioned component is 100%；

Described organic acid is high activity fulvic acid.

Plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described selenium For Se+4.

3. the preparation method of a plant selenium-rich and zinc-rich nutritional solution, it is characterised in that specifically include following step Rapid:

1) Se element, Zn element, B element, Mn element, Cu element, Mo unit are weighed in proportion Element, Ti element, high activity fulvic acid, vitamin, high effective additives are standby；

2) Se adds high activity fulvic acid to combine as selenium element carrier, become stable complex solution；

3) in above-mentioned complex solution, add Zn, B, Mn, Cu, Mo, Ti, stir；

4) in above-mentioned steps 3) solution prepared adds vitamin and high effective additives, stir.