CN105858880A - Method for treating municipal sewage and nitrate wastewater by immobilized anaerobic ammoxidation coupled short-range denitrification - Google Patents
Method for treating municipal sewage and nitrate wastewater by immobilized anaerobic ammoxidation coupled short-range denitrification Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101100314150 Caenorhabditis elegans tank-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010410 calcium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000648 calcium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002681 calcium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L calcium;(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxy-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxylato-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O2)C([O-])=O)O)[C@H](C(O)=O)O1 OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/341—Consortia of bacteria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
一种固定化厌氧氨氧化耦合短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水的方法属于污水处理技术领域。本发明选取聚乙烯醇和海藻酸钠作为包埋剂进行厌氧氨氧化细胞固定化，将制备得到的厌氧氨氧化凝胶小球应用于厌氧氨氧化‑短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水的SBR系统中。工艺装置包括城市污水原水水箱、硝酸盐废水水箱和厌氧氨氧化‑短程反硝化SBR反应器。本发明利用固定化微生物技术解决了厌氧氨氧化菌沉降性能差导致的易流失、系统运行不稳定等问题。固定化的厌氧氨氧化凝胶小球与短程反硝化污泥共存于SBR系统中，由于有机物和有毒物质传质受阻，固定化小球中的厌氧氨氧化菌不易受到抑制，增强了该系统处理过程的稳定性。
The invention relates to a method for treating urban sewage and nitrate wastewater by immobilized anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled with short-range denitrification, which belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. In the present invention, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate are selected as embedding agents to immobilize anammox cells, and the prepared anammox gel pellets are applied to anammox-short-range denitrification to treat urban sewage and nitrate SBR system for waste water. The process units include municipal sewage raw water tanks, nitrate wastewater tanks and anammox-short-path denitrification SBR reactors. The invention uses immobilized microorganism technology to solve the problems of easy loss caused by poor sedimentation performance of anammox bacteria, unstable system operation and the like. The immobilized anammox gel beads and short-range denitrification sludge coexist in the SBR system. Due to the hindered mass transfer of organic matter and toxic substances, the anammox bacteria in the immobilized beads are not easily inhibited, which enhances the The stability of the system processing.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种固定化厌氧氨氧化耦合短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水的方法，属于污水处理技术领域。具体内容是利用固定化微生物技术将高活性的厌氧氨氧化菌固定在凝胶小球中，内含厌氧氨氧化菌的凝胶小球恢复活性后与具有高亚硝酸盐积累率的短程反硝化污泥共同接种于同一SBR反应器，城市污水和硝酸盐废水按一定比例进入反应器，硝酸盐废水中的硝酸盐由短程反硝化细菌转化为亚硝酸盐，亚硝酸盐与城市污水中的氨氮经过厌氧氨氧化过程转化为氮气，实现氨氮和硝酸盐的同步去除。The invention relates to a method for immobilized anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupling short-range denitrification to treat urban sewage and nitrate wastewater, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment. The specific content is to use immobilized microbial technology to immobilize highly active anammox bacteria in gel beads. The denitrification sludge is co-inoculated in the same SBR reactor, and urban sewage and nitrate wastewater enter the reactor in a certain proportion. The ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrogen gas through the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process, realizing the simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate.
背景技术Background technique
由于我国工业进程的加快，大量未经严格处理的含氮磷废水的排放使水体富营养化不断发生，水环境遭到严重破坏。目前，氮素污染问题已经引起人们高度关注，城市污水、工业废水的深度脱氮处理成为当今污水处理的研究热点。Due to the acceleration of my country's industrial process, the discharge of a large amount of wastewater containing nitrogen and phosphorus without strict treatment has caused eutrophication of water bodies to occur continuously, and the water environment has been severely damaged. At present, the problem of nitrogen pollution has attracted people's attention, and the deep denitrification treatment of urban sewage and industrial wastewater has become a research hotspot in sewage treatment.
厌氧氨氧化(anaerobic ammonium oxidation，Anammox)是目前已知经济、高效的生物脱氮新途径，能够有效解决传统的硝化-反硝化脱氮引起的投资高、耗能大、不适于高氮低碳废水处理的问题，在废水脱氮领域具有良好的应用前景。Anammox反应是在缺氧条件下以NH4 +为电子供体，NO2 -为电子受体，将二者转变成N2的自养生物脱氮过程。其中亚硝酸盐是反应所需的必须基质，普遍得到亚硝酸盐的途径是短程硝化，但在低温、低碳氮比的城市生活污水中不易实现、亚硝积累率难以维持稳定。此外Anammox过程中会产生硝酸盐，随着城市污水厂排放标准的日趋严格，这部分硝酸盐会导致处理后的污水达不到排放标准。短程反硝化过程是获得亚硝酸盐的又一途径，硝酸盐通过短程反硝化细菌转化为亚硝酸盐，反应过程控制简单，能够长期稳定实现较高的亚硝酸盐积累，并且能够将Anammox过程产生的硝酸盐去除。因此厌氧氨氧化与短程反硝化相结合为城市生活污水和高浓度硝酸盐废水的处理提供了新途径。但由于厌氧氨氧化菌生长缓慢、增长率低、世代周期长，活性容易受到温度、pH、溶解氧等的影响，反应过程中产生的大量氮气使污泥悬浮于反应器内，沉降性能差，易造成菌体流失，导致系统很难维持稳定。Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) is currently known as a new economical and efficient biological denitrification method, which can effectively solve the problems of high investment, high energy consumption, and unsuitability for high nitrogen and low nitrogen removal caused by traditional nitrification-denitrification denitrification. The problem of carbon wastewater treatment has a good application prospect in the field of wastewater denitrification. Anammox reaction is an autotrophic biological denitrification process in which NH 4 + is used as electron donor and NO 2 - is used as electron acceptor to convert them into N 2 under anoxic conditions. Among them, nitrite is the necessary substrate for the reaction. The common way to obtain nitrite is short-range nitrification, but it is not easy to realize in urban domestic sewage with low temperature and low carbon-nitrogen ratio, and the accumulation rate of nitrite is difficult to maintain stable. In addition, nitrates will be produced during the Anammox process. With the increasingly stringent discharge standards of urban sewage plants, this part of nitrates will cause the treated sewage to fail to meet the discharge standards. The short-range denitrification process is another way to obtain nitrite. Nitrate is converted into nitrite by short-range denitrification bacteria. The reaction process is simple to control, and it can achieve long-term and stable accumulation of nitrite. nitrate removal. Therefore, the combination of anammox and short-cut denitrification provides a new way for the treatment of urban domestic sewage and high-concentration nitrate wastewater. However, due to the slow growth, low growth rate and long generation cycle of anammox bacteria, the activity is easily affected by temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, etc. The large amount of nitrogen generated during the reaction makes the sludge suspended in the reactor, and the settling performance is poor. , easy to cause the loss of bacteria, making the system difficult to maintain stability.
为了解决上述问题，本发明采用包埋固定的方法将易流失的厌氧氨氧化菌制成凝胶小球截留在厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化SBR反应器内。聚乙烯醇和海藻酸钠，两者均为亲水性的聚合物互溶性好，以往的研究中两种材料通常是单独使用，未能将他们的优点结合起来，在材料的弹性和含水率等性能方面不理想，将聚乙烯醇的高强度和海藻酸钙的高含水率相结合，制得具有高弹性、高柔韧性大和高含水率的Anammox凝胶小球。以PVA-SA作为包埋固定化载体制备厌氧氨氧化凝胶小球并将其应用在厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水的SBR系统中，能够解决厌氧氨氧化菌流失的问题。包埋固定化微生物获得的凝胶小球生物量浓度高、机械强度大、沉降性能好，能够维持厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化系统的稳定运行。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the method of embedding and immobilizing the anammox bacteria that are easy to lose to make gel balls and retain them in the anammox-short-range denitrification SBR reactor. Polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate, both of which are hydrophilic polymers, have good mutual solubility. In previous studies, the two materials were usually used alone, and their advantages could not be combined. The elasticity and moisture content of the material, etc. The performance is unsatisfactory. The high strength of polyvinyl alcohol and the high water content of calcium alginate are combined to produce Anammox gel beads with high elasticity, high flexibility and high water content. Using PVA-SA as an embedding and immobilization carrier to prepare anammox gel beads and apply them in the SBR system of anaerobic ammonium oxidation-short-range denitrification to treat urban sewage and nitrate wastewater, it can solve the problem of anammox The problem of bacterial loss. The gel pellets obtained by embedding and immobilizing microorganisms have high biomass concentration, high mechanical strength, and good settling performance, which can maintain the stable operation of the anammox-short-range denitrification system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了解决厌氧氨氧化菌流失、有机物影响厌氧氨氧化活性导致的厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水的SBR系统运行不稳定等问题，利用固定化微生物技术制备厌氧氨氧化凝胶小球，将厌氧氨氧化菌截留在系统中并减弱有机物对厌氧氨氧化菌的影响，增强系统运行稳定性。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of unstable operation of the SBR system of anammox-short-range denitrification treatment of urban sewage and nitrate wastewater caused by the loss of anammox bacteria and the influence of organic matter on anammox activity. Microbial technology prepares anammox gel pellets, traps anammox bacteria in the system and weakens the influence of organic matter on anammox bacteria, thereby enhancing the stability of the system.
为了达到上述目的，本发明通过以下方案来实现：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following schemes:
一、厌氧氨氧化固定化小球的制备1. Preparation of ANAMMOX-immobilized pellets
(1)菌种：取污泥浓度为9000ml/L的厌氧氨氧化活性污泥，用除氧后的去离子水清洗后备用。(1) Bacteria: Take anaerobic ammonium oxidation activated sludge with a sludge concentration of 9000ml/L, wash it with deionized water after deoxygenation, and set it aside.
(2)包埋剂的制备：按照15g/L和2g/L的质量-体积百分浓度配制200ml聚乙烯醇(PVA)和海藻酸钠(SA)混合溶液①，并在120℃中加热20min使其加速溶解；按照50g/L和2g/L的质量-体积百分浓度配制500ml硝酸钠(NaNO3)和氯化钙(CaCl2)的混合固定液②。(2) Preparation of embedding agent: prepare 200ml polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) mixed solution ① according to the mass-volume percentage concentration of 15g/L and 2g/L, and heat at 120°C for 20min Accelerate its dissolution; prepare 500ml of sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ) and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) mixed fixative solution ② according to the mass-volume percentage concentration of 50g/L and 2g/L.
(3)厌氧氨氧化菌的包埋固定：将第(1)步得到的厌氧氨氧化菌种和第(2)步得到的混合溶液①分别取25ml，充分混合后得到菌-胶混合液，然后将其逐滴加到250ml混合固定液②中，在室温下充分接触12h对其固定化交联，结束后用去除氧后的去离子水清洗固定化小球3-5次。(3) Embedding and immobilization of anammox bacteria: take 25ml of the anammox strains obtained in step (1) and the mixed solution ① obtained in step (2), and mix them thoroughly to obtain a bacteria-glue mixture solution, and then added it dropwise to 250ml mixed fixative solution ②, fully contacted at room temperature for 12 hours to immobilize and cross-link it, and then washed the immobilized beads 3-5 times with deionized water after deoxygenation.
(4)活化：将制备好的固定化小球在30-35℃和pH＝7.5的条件下用氨氮和亚硝浓度各为30mg/L的配水活化培养6-8天，使固定化小球内部的微生物活性得到恢复。(4) Activation: The prepared immobilized pellets were activated and cultured for 6-8 days with water with ammonia nitrogen and nitrous concentrations of 30 mg/L at 30-35°C and pH = 7.5, to make the immobilized pellets The microbial activity inside is restored.
作用原理是：The principle of action is:
聚乙烯醇和海藻酸钠均为亲水性的聚合物、互溶性好，PVA和SA的联合使用结合了二者机械强度高和含水率高的优点制得了高弹性、高柔韧性大和高含水率的厌氧氨氧化凝胶小球，经过活化后凝胶小球活性得到恢复。Both polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate are hydrophilic polymers with good mutual solubility. The combined use of PVA and SA combines the advantages of high mechanical strength and high water content to obtain high elasticity, high flexibility and high water content. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation gel beads, the activity of the gel beads is restored after activation.
二、将包埋固定化得到的厌氧氨氧化凝胶小球应用在厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水的SBR系统中，其装置特征在于：2. Apply the anammox gel beads obtained by embedding and immobilization in the SBR system of anaerobic ammonium oxidation-short-range denitrification treatment of urban sewage and nitrate wastewater. The device is characterized by:
该系统由城市污水原水水箱、硝酸盐废水水箱和厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化SBR反应器连接而成；城市污水原水水箱通过第一进水泵与厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化SBR反应器第一进水管相连,厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化SBR反应器设有搅拌器、放空阀和出水阀；硝酸盐废水水箱通过第二进水泵与厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化反应器第二进水管相连。The system is connected by the urban sewage raw water tank, the nitrate wastewater tank and the anammox-short-range denitrification SBR reactor; the urban sewage raw water tank is connected with the anammox-short-range denitrification SBR reactor through the first water inlet pump. The first water inlet pipe is connected, and the anammox-short-range denitrification SBR reactor is equipped with a stirrer, a vent valve and a water outlet valve; the nitrate wastewater tank is connected to the second inlet of the anammox-short-range denitrification reactor through the second inlet pump. Water pipes are connected.
三、利用包埋固定化得到的厌氧氨氧化凝胶小球实现厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水的方法，包括以下步骤：3. The method for treating urban sewage and nitrate wastewater by anammox-short-range denitrification using the anammox gel pellets obtained by embedding and immobilization comprises the following steps:
步骤一：接种亚硝积累率为80％-100％的短程反硝化污泥于厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化SBR反应器中，接种后污泥浓度为2500-3000mg/L。然后接种固定化的厌氧氨氧化凝胶小球，固定化小球填充比为20％-25％。Step 1: Inoculate the short-range denitrification sludge with a nitrite accumulation rate of 80%-100% in the anammox-short-range denitrification SBR reactor, and the concentration of the sludge after inoculation is 2500-3000 mg/L. Then inoculate the immobilized anaerobic ammonium oxidation gel beads, and the filling ratio of the immobilized beads is 20%-25%.
步骤二：城市污水原水水箱中的城市污水通过第一进水泵与硝酸盐废水水箱中的硝酸盐废水通过第二进水泵按体积比为7:1-12:1进入到厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化SBR反应器；进水后缺氧搅拌8-10h；沉淀30-40min，按照40％-50％的排水比排除上清液。Step 2: The urban sewage in the urban sewage raw water tank enters the anammox-short-range through the first water inlet pump and the nitrate wastewater in the nitrate wastewater water tank through the second water inlet pump at a volume ratio of 7:1-12:1 Denitrification SBR reactor; after water inflow, anoxic stirring for 8-10 hours; sedimentation for 30-40 minutes, and discharge of supernatant according to the drainage ratio of 40%-50%.
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1)采用上述包埋方法可以最大限度保留固定后厌氧氨氧化菌的活性且不流失。(1) The above-mentioned embedding method can preserve the activity of the anammox bacteria after fixation to the greatest extent without loss.
(2)利用厌氧氨氧化固定化技术启动的厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水系统，能够维持稳定运行。(2) The anammox-short-range denitrification treatment system for urban sewage and nitrate wastewater initiated by anaerobic ammonium oxidation immobilization technology can maintain stable operation.
(3)利用厌氧氨氧化固定化技术启动的厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水系统中污泥沉降性能好。(3) The anammox-short-range denitrification started by anaerobic ammonium oxidation immobilization technology has good sludge settlement performance in urban sewage and nitrate wastewater systems.
(4)利用短程反硝化污泥将硝酸盐废水中的硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐，为厌氧氨氧化提供稳定的反应基质。(4) Short-range denitrification sludge is used to reduce nitrate in nitrate wastewater to nitrite, providing a stable reaction substrate for anammox.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是包埋固定化厌氧氨氧化细菌在厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水SBR反应器中的示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of embedding immobilized anammox bacteria in an anammox-short-range denitrification SBR reactor for treating municipal sewage and nitrate wastewater.
图2是厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水装置示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an anammox-short-range denitrification device for treating urban sewage and nitrate wastewater.
图2中：城市污水原水水箱-1、硝酸盐废水水箱-2、第一进水泵-3、第二进水泵-4、厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化SBR反应器-5、搅拌器-6、放空阀-7、第一出水阀-8、第二出水阀-9.In Figure 2: urban sewage raw water tank-1, nitrate waste water tank-2, first water inlet pump-3, second water inlet pump-4, anammox-short-range denitrification SBR reactor-5, agitator-6 , Venting valve-7, first water outlet valve-8, second water outlet valve-9.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步具体的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
实施例1：Example 1:
厌氧氨氧化凝胶小球的制备，具体过程如下：The preparation of the anaerobic ammox gel beads, the specific process is as follows:
选取污泥浓度为9000mg/L的厌氧氨氧化污泥，用除氧后的去离子水清洗后备用。包埋剂的制备：按照15g/L和2g/L的质量-体积百分浓度配制200ml聚乙烯醇(PVA)和海藻酸钠(SA)混合溶液①，并在120℃中加热20min使其加速溶解；按照50g/L和2g/L的质量-体积百分浓度配制500ml硝酸钠(NaNO3)和氯化钙(CaCl2)的混合固定液②。浓度为9000mg/L的厌氧氨氧化污泥和混合溶液①分别取25ml，充分混合后得到菌-胶混合液，然后将其逐滴加到250ml混合固定液②中相对量，在室温下充分接触12h对其固定化交联，结束后用除氧的去离子水清洗固定化小球3-5次。将制备好的固定化小球在30-35℃和pH＝7.5的条件下用氨氮和亚硝浓度各为30mg/L的配水活化培养6-8天，使固定化小球内部的微生物活性得到恢复。实验结果表明固定后的厌氧氨氧化凝胶小球与未固定的厌氧氨氧化活性相同。Select the anammox sludge with a sludge concentration of 9000 mg/L, wash it with deionized water after deoxygenation, and set it aside. Preparation of embedding agent: Prepare 200ml of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) mixed solution ① according to the mass-volume percentage concentration of 15g/L and 2g/L, and heat it at 120°C for 20min to accelerate it. Dissolve; prepare 500ml of sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ) and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) mixed fixative solution ② according to the mass-volume percentage concentration of 50g/L and 2g/L. Anammox sludge with a concentration of 9000mg/L and the mixed solution ① take 25ml respectively, mix well to obtain the bacteria-glue mixed solution, and then add it dropwise to 250ml mixed fixative solution ② in relative amounts, and fully mix it at room temperature. After contacting for 12 hours, the immobilized beads were immobilized and cross-linked, and then the immobilized beads were washed with deoxygenated deionized water for 3-5 times. The prepared immobilized pellets were activated and cultivated for 6-8 days with water distribution with ammonia nitrogen and nitrous concentrations of 30mg/L each under the conditions of 30-35°C and pH=7.5, so that the microbial activity inside the immobilized pellets was obtained. recover. The experimental results showed that the fixed anammox gel beads had the same activity as the unfixed anammox gel beads.
实施例2：Example 2:
利用厌氧氨氧化固定化技术耦合短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水，具体过程如下：Using anammox immobilization technology coupled with short-range denitrification to treat urban sewage and nitrate wastewater, the specific process is as follows:
如图1所示，将上述活化后的厌氧氨氧化小球按体积填充率20％投加到厌氧氨氧化耦合短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水的SBR反应器(5)中，反应器有效容积10L；接种亚硝积累率为80％-100％的短程反硝化污泥于厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化SBR反应器(5)中，接种后污泥浓度为2500-3000mg/L；城市污水原水水箱(1)中的城市污水通过第一进水泵(3)与硝酸盐废水水箱(2)中的硝酸盐废水通过第二进水泵(4)按体积比为10:1进入到厌氧氨氧化-短程反硝化SBR反应器；进水后缺氧搅拌10h；沉淀40min，按照40％的排水比排除上清液。As shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned activated anammox pellets are added to the SBR reactor (5) of anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupling short-range denitrification treatment of urban sewage and nitrate wastewater according to the volume filling rate of 20%, The effective volume of the reactor is 10L; the short-range denitrification sludge with a nitrite accumulation rate of 80%-100% is inoculated in the anammox-short-range denitrification SBR reactor (5), and the sludge concentration after inoculation is 2500-3000mg/ L; the urban sewage in the urban sewage raw water tank (1) enters through the first water inlet pump (3) and the nitrate waste water in the nitrate waste water water tank (2) through the second water inlet pump (4) at a volume ratio of 10:1 To the anaerobic ammonium oxidation-short-range denitrification SBR reactor; after entering the water, stir anoxic for 10 hours; settle for 40 minutes, and discharge the supernatant according to the drainage ratio of 40%.
实验结果表明，运行稳定后厌氧氨氧化耦合短程反硝化处理城市污水和硝酸盐废水的SBR反应器出水COD浓度为40-6mg/L，NH+ 4-N浓度＜5mg/L，NO- 2-N浓度＜5mg/L，NO- 3-N浓度＜5mg/L，出水TN＜15mg/L，达到排放标准。The experimental results show that after stable operation, the concentration of COD in the effluent of the SBR reactor for the treatment of urban sewage and nitrate wastewater by coupling short-range denitrification with anaerobic ammonium oxidation is 40-6mg/L, the concentration of NH + 4 -N is less than 5mg/L, and the concentration of NO - 2 -N concentration < 5mg/L, NO - 3 -N concentration < 5mg/L, effluent TN < 15mg/L, meeting discharge standards.
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