CN103374561A - Preparation and water treatment using method of immobilized nitrifying bacteria - Google Patents
Preparation and water treatment using method of immobilized nitrifying bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN103374561A CN103374561A CN 201210107665 CN201210107665A CN103374561A CN 103374561 A CN103374561 A CN 103374561A CN 201210107665 CN201210107665 CN 201210107665 CN 201210107665 A CN201210107665 A CN 201210107665A CN 103374561 A CN103374561 A CN 103374561A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation and water treatment using method of immobilized nitrifying bacteria. The preparation and water treatment using method by directly using aerobic sludge or residual sludge as a strain for immobilization comprises the following steps of: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alga acid and other additives in water by heating, fully mixing to obtain a certain proportion of mixed colloid, cooling the mixed colloid to 5 DEG C-40 DEG C, fully mixing the strain and the mixed colloid in certain proportions, dropwise adding mixed liquid to stationary liquid, fully contacting for a certain time under a low-temperature condition so as to immobilize and crosslink the mixed liquid; and after crosslinking, dehydrating immobilized balls to a certain proportion at an appropriate temperature, thus ending the preparation process. The preparation and water treatment using method of the immobilized nitrifying bacteria, provided by the invention, is simple, convenient and economic and can be used for solving the shortcomings that the nitrifying bacteria slowly grow, are long in generation cycle and easy to run off, have no advantages in biochemistry systems and heterotrophic bacteria competition and the like, simplifying the preparation process of a carrier and avoiding the problems of relatively large size for a required cultivation tank (jar), relatively high cost and the like existing in the conventional preparation method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water treatment field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation and water treatment using method of using immobilized nitrifying bacteria.
Background technology
Ammonia nitrogen waste water derives from a plurality of industries such as chemical industry, metallurgy, iron and steel, the direct discharging of a large amount of ammonia nitrogen waste waters can stimulate the waterplant hypertrophy such as algae, the contamination phenomenon that the eutrophication such as Chi Hu, red tide occur, some of them algae protein matter toxin can be enriched in the water generates object, and by food chain the people is poisoned.At present domestic treatment process to ammonia nitrogen waste water mainly is by biological denitrificaion, utilizes the denitrogenation of the nitrification of nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacterium to realize the removal of nitrogen in the waste water.Yet, nitrobacteria poor growth, generation cycle be long, compete traditional biochemical system and heterotrophic bacterium and do not preponderate and easily be eliminated, the nitrobacteria proportion is often lower in the routine biochemistry treatment system, and for addressing the above problem, the using immobilized nitrifying bacteria technology arises.Immobilized microorganism technique is an emerging technology in the modern biological project field, is in the area of space that free cell or enzyme are positioned to limit of the means by chemistry or physics, makes it keep active method.It can prolong nitrobacteria at intrasystem solid retention time and keep higher bacterial concentration, thereby improves system's rate of nitrification.But ordinary method be adopt after the enrichment or single nitrobacteria as the preparation of being fixed of original strain nitrobacteria, this mode exist early stage tamed strain, comparatively loaded down with trivial details, the required cultivation pool of enrichment process (tank) volume too large, cost is higher and be difficult for the deficiency such as mass production, thereby have influence on popularization and the application of technology.Therefore, seeking a kind of easy, economic using immobilized nitrifying bacteria method of preparation and use is to solve the basic way that this technology is used and promoted.
Summary of the invention
Key in herein summary of the invention and describe paragraph.The objective of the invention is for solve nitrobacteria poor growth, generation cycle long, compete with heterotrophic bacterium at traditional biochemical system do not preponderate, the easy deficiency such as loss, and the problem such as comparatively loaded down with trivial details, the required cultivation pool of existing using immobilized nitrifying bacteria method tamed strain, enrichment process before preparation (tank) volume is too large, cost is higher, a kind of easy, economic using immobilized nitrifying bacteria method of preparation and use is provided.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of preparation of using immobilized nitrifying bacteria and water treatment using method, and step is as follows:
(1) adopt aerobic sludge in the traditional activated sludge process system, or the excess sludge in the traditional activated sludge process system is after the clear water of 1-5 times of volume cleans, through dewater to water ratio be 50% ~ 90%, as the immobilization bacterial classification;
(2) polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and other additive heating for dissolving are mixed in water and fully, obtain a certain proportion of colloid mixture, and cooling;
(3) bacterial classification that (1) step is obtained fully mixes by a certain percentage with the colloid mixture that (2) step obtained, and obtains bacterium glue mixed solution;
(4) the bacterium glue mixed solution that (3) step was obtained is added drop-wise in the stationary liquid, fully contacts certain hour under cold condition, to its curing cross-linked;
(5) after curing finishes, the immobilization spheroid that clean preparation is finished, and it is dewatered to certain proportion, preparation process is finished;
(6) the immobilization spheroid after preparation is finished places under the suitable temp to be preserved;
When (7) the immobilization spheroid uses, it is put into biochemical treatment system and through after the activation of certain hour, the domestication, can finish the enrichment of nitrobacteria.
Described traditional activated sludge process system refers to that the system sludge settling ratio is 20% ~ 30%, sludge volume index SVI is that 50mL/g ~ 150mL/g, MLVSS/MLSS are 0.75 ~ 0.85 life or industrial sewage Wastewater Treated by Activated Sludge Process system.
Described bacterial classification is active sludge in traditional biochemical system, has wherein comprised the multiple-microorganisms such as nitrobacteria, nitrite bacteria, and the water quality in the time of can utilizing the actual use of immobilization spheroid and operational conditions are carried out enrichment to one or more microorganisms wherein.
The modes such as that described bacterial classification dewatering type comprises is centrifugal, heat pump drying case drying, natural mummification.
In the described colloid mixture, the polyvinyl alcohol mass percent is 1% ~ 15%, and the sodium alginate mass percent is 0.1%-5%, and other additives comprise one or more in the inorganic particles such as silicon-dioxide, gac, zeolite, and mass percent is 0.1% ~ 5%; Temperature is 5 ℃ ~ 40 ℃ after the cooling.
In the described bacterium glue mixed solution, bacterial classification weight (in oven dry weight) is 0.5 ~ 5:10 with the ratio of colloid mixture weight.
Described stationary liquid is the mixed solution of aluminium salt or calcium salt and boric acid, and aluminium salt comprises Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride etc., and mass percent is 0.1%-10%; Calcium salt is calcium chloride, and mass percent is 0.1%-10%; Boric acid is saturated boric acid.
The curing cross-linked of described bacterium glue mixed solution and stationary liquid is to carry out in 0 ℃ ~ 10 ℃ temperature ranges, and fixedly crosslinking time is 5h ~ 24h.
The dehydration of described immobilization spheroid is to carry out in 15 ℃ ~ 40 ℃ temperature ranges, and dewatering type comprises baking oven baking, heat pump drying case drying, natural air drying etc.Immobilization spheroid water ratio is 35% ~ 80% after the dehydration.
The preservation of described immobilization spheroid is carried out in 0 ℃ ~ 10 ℃ temperature ranges.
The activation of described immobilization spheroid, domestication refer to that the immobilization spheroid that preparation is finished puts into routine biochemistry system (comprising conventional activated sludge method system, biomembrance process system etc.), the mode of cultivating nitrobacteria or nitrite bacteria according to conventional activated sludge activates, tames, after domestication is finished, the system that has added the immobilization spheroid according to the routine biochemistry system nitrated-denitrification or short distance nitration-denitrification operating parameter carry out.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1. preparation process is easy, economical, flexible.Nitrobacteria after the bacterial classification that traditional using immobilized nitrifying bacteria technology adopts or employing screening purification, the enrichment, otherwise employing nitrobacteria after domestication accounts for the active sludge of main body.The preparation cost of last class bacterial classification is higher, and kind is single, and bacterial classification is variation, inactivation in open system easily; The culturing process of a rear class bacterial classification is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, often needs 15 ~ 30 days culture cycle, during can consume a large amount of substratum, and large-scale cultivation pool (tank) need to be set.The present invention directly adopts aerobic sludge or excess sludge in the traditional activated sludge process system, has saved a large amount of spawn culture steps in early stage, and can realize on the spot the preparation of immobilization spheroid in Large Sewage Treatment Plant, and preparation process is easy, economical and flexible.
The present invention utilize immobilization technology make microorganism especially nitrobacteria be kept at and can increase its residence time in biochemical system in the immobilization spheroid, effectively solve nitrobacteria poor growth in the biochemical system, generation cycle long, compete with heterotrophic bacterium at traditional biochemical system do not preponderate, the easy problem such as loss.In addition, for the diversity of Pollutants in Wastewater, bacterial classification self has diversity and stronger adaptive faculty from traditional biochemical system, and it also has other pollutents beyond the ammonia nitrogen in the waste water removes ability preferably.
3. along with the increase of domestic sewage work quantity, the sewage treatment plant residual disposal of sludge has become a difficult problem.Bacterial classification of the present invention is from traditional biochemical system, on the one hand in process of production can " consume " and the excess sludge of sewage work, on the other hand, bacterial classification is grown in the immobilization spheroid, autophage, the excess sludge discharge amount seldom is conducive to alleviate a sludge treatment difficult problem.
4. the present invention can also effectively solve the problems such as the anti-load impact ability of traditional biochemical system is weak, the easy expansion of active sludge.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be the present invention when adopting active sludge preparation and use schema.
Fig. 2 be the present invention when adopting excess sludge preparation and use schema.
Embodiment
(1) obtains active sludge from sewage work's aerobic unit, detect SV and be 30%, SVI is that 100mL/g, MLVSS/MLSS are 0.75.Obtain dewatered sludge 40g(over dry mud 10g, water ratio 75% by whizzer).
(2) polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and silicon-dioxide are dissolved in the 100 mL hot water, make in the colloid that the polyvinyl alcohol mass percent is 6.0%, the sodium alginate mass percent is 1.0%, silicon-dioxide quality per-cent is 1.0%, and at room temperature makes colloid be cooled to 30 ℃.
(3) dewatered sludge that (1) step was obtained mixes with the colloid that (2) step obtained, and fully stirs, and dewatered sludge is uniformly distributed in the colloid.
(4) configuration 300mL saturated boric acid solution, and add 1.6gAl2 (SO4) 3.12H2O makes that Tai-Ace S 150 content is 1% in the stationary liquid, and stationary liquid is transferred to just produces alumen ustum by adding NaCO3.The bacterium glue mixed solution that (3) step was made is added drop-wise in this stationary liquid, places 4 ℃ of environment to solidify 24h.
(5) behind the curing 24h, the spheroid after solidifying is cleaned, and placed 30 ℃ of baking ovens that its water ratio is down to about 75%, the using immobilized nitrifying bacteria preparation is finished.
(6) immobilization bacterium of preparation being finished places the waste water that contains ammonia nitrogen to activate, and behind the activation 20d, using immobilized nitrifying bacteria ammonia nitrogen degradation speed tends towards stability, and reactivation process is finished.
Comparative Examples
(1) obtains active sludge intermixture 3L from sewage work's aerobic unit, detect SV and be 30%, SVI is that 100mL/g, MLVSS/MLSS are 0.75.Change twice nutrient solution every day nitrobacteria is carried out enrichment, change the 2L supernatant liquor at every turn, the nutrient solution composition is: NH4Cl 1.1g/L, glucose 0.5 g/L, NaHCO3 2.5g/L, K2HPO4 0.5g/L regulates about pH=8.2 with NaOH, add an amount of Fe, Mg, the trace elements such as Ca.After the 15d enrichment culture, nitrobacteria ammonia nitrogen degradation speed tends towards stability, and the domestication process is finished.Obtain dewatered sludge 40g(over dry mud 10g, water ratio 75% by whizzer).
(2) polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and silicon-dioxide are dissolved in the 100 mL hot water, make in the colloid that the polyvinyl alcohol mass percent is 6.0%, the sodium alginate mass percent is 1.0%, silicon-dioxide quality per-cent is 1.0%, and at room temperature makes colloid be cooled to 30 ℃.
(3) dewatered sludge that (1) step was obtained mixes with the colloid that (2) step obtained, and fully stirs, and dewatered sludge is uniformly distributed in the colloid.
(4) configuration 300mL saturated boric acid solution, and add 1.6gAl2 (SO4) 3.12H2O makes that Tai-Ace S 150 content is 1% in the stationary liquid, and stationary liquid is transferred to just produces alumen ustum by adding NaCO3.The bacterium glue mixed solution that (3) step was made is added drop-wise in this stationary liquid, places 4 ℃ of environment to solidify 24h.
(5) behind the curing 24h, the spheroid after solidifying is cleaned, and placed 30 ℃ of baking ovens that its water ratio is down to about 75%, the using immobilized nitrifying bacteria preparation is finished.
(6) immobilization bacterium of preparation being finished places the waste water that contains ammonia nitrogen to activate, and behind the activation 5d, using immobilized nitrifying bacteria ammonia nitrogen degradation speed tends towards stability, and reactivation process is finished.
Technology and economic target that the embodiment of the invention and Comparative Examples prepare using immobilized nitrifying bacteria in table 1, have been enumerated.
Table 1 embodiment of the invention and Comparative Examples economy, technical indicator are relatively
Table 1 embodiment of the invention and Comparative Examples economy, technical indicator are relatively
The spawn culture cost is pressed each composition usage quantity and calculation of price gained in the nutrient solution, NH in the table 1
4The Cl price is by 2000 yuan/t, and the glucose price is by 18000 yuan/t, NaHCO
3Price is by 2000 yuan/t, K
2HPO
4Price is calculated by 2000 yuan/t, and does not consider the power consumption of the facilities such as aeration, heating.By the economy of table 1 embodiment and Comparative Examples, the comparative illustration of technical indicator: the method for preparation and use of using immobilized nitrifying bacteria of the present invention is more or less the same with Comparative Examples on the ammonia nitrogen treatment effect, and to COD
CrThe removal ability improve.Although the biochemical system sludge quality has been had high requirement, can save 33000 yuan/t(dewatered sludge) cultivation cost and 75m3/ t(dewatered sludge) cultivation pool (tank).In addition, the longer spawn culture time of needs when conventional using immobilized nitrifying bacteria prepares, be unfavorable for the consecutive production of product, this problem is also overcome in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation of a using immobilized nitrifying bacteria and water treatment using method is characterized in that comprising following steps and processing condition:
(1) adopt aerobic sludge in the traditional activated sludge process system, or the excess sludge in the traditional activated sludge process system is after the clear water of 1-5 times of volume cleans, through dewater to water ratio be 50% ~ 90%, as the immobilization bacterial classification;
(2) polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and other additive heating for dissolving are mixed in water and fully, obtain a certain proportion of colloid mixture, and be cooled to 5 ℃ ~ 40 ℃;
(3) bacterial classification that (1) step is obtained fully mixes by a certain percentage with the colloid mixture that (2) step obtained, and obtains bacterium glue mixed solution;
(4) the bacterium glue mixed solution that (3) step was obtained is added drop-wise in the stationary liquid, fully contacts certain hour under cold condition, to its curing cross-linked;
(5) after curing finishes, the immobilization spheroid that clean preparation is finished, and it is dewatered to certain proportion, preparation process is finished;
(6) the immobilization spheroid after preparation is finished places under 0 ℃ ~ 10 ℃ temperature to be preserved;
When (7) the immobilization spheroid uses, it is put into biochemical treatment system and through after the activation of certain hour, the domestication, can finish the enrichment of nitrobacteria.
2. the preparation of using immobilized nitrifying bacteria according to claim 1 and water treatment using method, the activated sludge system that it is characterized in that uniting refer to that the system sludge settling ratio is 20% ~ 30%, sludge volume index SVI is that 50mL/g ~ 150mL/g, MLVSS/MLSS are 0.75 ~ 0.85 life or industrial sewage Wastewater Treated by Activated Sludge Process system.
3. the according to claim 1 preparation of the using immobilized nitrifying bacteria of described biography and water treatment using method is characterized in that the bacterial classification dewatering type comprises the modes such as centrifugal, heat pump drying case drying, natural mummification.
4. the according to claim 1 preparation of the using immobilized nitrifying bacteria of described biography and water treatment using method, it is characterized in that in the colloid mixture, the polyvinyl alcohol mass percent is 1% ~ 15%, the sodium alginate mass percent is 0.1%-5%, other additives comprise one or more in the inorganic particles such as silicon-dioxide, gac, zeolite, and mass percent is 0.1% ~ 5%.
5. the according to claim 1 preparation of the using immobilized nitrifying bacteria of described biography and water treatment using method is characterized in that in the bacterium glue mixed solution, and bacterial classification weight (in oven dry weight) is 0.5 ~ 5:10 with the ratio of colloid mixture weight.
6. the according to claim 1 preparation of the using immobilized nitrifying bacteria of described biography and water treatment using method is characterized in that stationary liquid is the mixed solution of aluminium salt or calcium salt and boric acid, and aluminium salt comprises Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride etc., and mass percent is 0.1%-10%; Calcium salt is calcium chloride, and mass percent is 0.1%-10%; Boric acid is saturated boric acid.
7. the according to claim 1 preparation of the using immobilized nitrifying bacteria of described biography and water treatment using method, the curing cross-linked that it is characterized in that bacterium glue mixed solution and stationary liquid is to carry out in 0 ℃ ~ 10 ℃ temperature ranges, fixedly crosslinking time is 5h ~ 24h.
8. the according to claim 1 preparation of the using immobilized nitrifying bacteria of described biography and water treatment using method, the dehydration that it is characterized in that the immobilization spheroid is to carry out in 15 ℃ ~ 40 ℃ temperature ranges, dewatering type comprises baking oven baking, heat pump drying case drying, natural air drying etc., and immobilization spheroid water ratio is 35% ~ 80% after the dehydration.
9. the according to claim 1 preparation of the using immobilized nitrifying bacteria of described biography and water treatment using method, the activation, the domestication that it is characterized in that the immobilization spheroid refer to that the immobilization spheroid that preparation is finished puts into routine biochemistry system (comprising conventional activated sludge method system, biomembrance process system etc.), the mode of cultivating nitrobacteria or nitrite bacteria according to conventional activated sludge activates, tames, after domestication is finished, the system that has added the immobilization spheroid according to the routine biochemistry system nitrated-denitrification or short distance nitration-denitrification operating parameter carry out.
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Application publication date: 20131030 |