CN105849560A - 集成测试装置中的流体控制 - Google Patents

集成测试装置中的流体控制 Download PDF

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CN105849560A
CN105849560A CN201480070335.9A CN201480070335A CN105849560A CN 105849560 A CN105849560 A CN 105849560A CN 201480070335 A CN201480070335 A CN 201480070335A CN 105849560 A CN105849560 A CN 105849560A
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test
fluid
bin
control container
container
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J.凯利
H.沃利斯
G.博尔托卢齐
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Atomo Diagnostics Ltd
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Atomo Diagnostics Ltd
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Priority to CN202110319160.2A priority Critical patent/CN113252884A/zh
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Abstract

描述了一种例如用于测试身体流体的集成测试装置。所述装置具有测试部件、包含测试流体的储存器和控制容器。储存器将测试流体排出到控制容器中,控制容器将测试流体以受控方式排出到测试部件。

Description

集成测试装置中的流体控制
技术领域
本发明涉及用于提供与诸如血液的身体流体有关的测试的装置和方法,并且特别地涉及促进这种测试的装置。
背景技术
已知用于较容易地执行相对直接的医疗测试、检定或者诊断的系统。这些可以例如是家用测试、医疗点,或者用在病理诊所或者医院中。但是,执行这些相对测试会需要复杂的指令和多个装置。以下讨论不涉及执行具体的生物化学或者化学测试,而是涉及收容和容纳测试条或类似部件的装置及相关机械系统。例如,这些装置和系统可结合侧流或者其它类型快速测试使用。
在典型的常规家用或护理点验血中,例如,用户被给予许多部件,包括测试装置本身、单独的刺血针、采血容器、缓冲剂或者其它测试流体的容器、胶布绷带、擦布以及可能的其它部件。用户被预期随后进行非常准确的步骤序列,典型地包括清洁部件产、操作刺血针、获得已知体积的血样并将其传送到所需的准确位置、在适当时间和位置并以正确体积施加缓冲溶液,并读取测试结果及解释结果。
许多测试被作为不经常或者一次性程序执行,使得用户无法通过有规律使用而变得熟练。在护理点执行的程序一般由熟练操作者进行,但准确进行测试所要求的复杂性和技巧给出了挑战,并且特殊测试可能很少进行。在这种情况下,如果测试装置能够更好地利于简单、可靠且准确的操作,将是有利的。
在PCT申请号PCT/AU2011/000315和PCT/AU2011/022321中,本申请人已经公开了集成测试装置,这些申请的公开内容通过引用并入本文。特别是,那些装置可以包括生理学上可接受流体的储存器或者小药囊,诸如缓冲液。对于许多测试,例如一些验血,需要在血样之后将缓冲液或者其它试剂施加到测试材料,以实现有效结果或者在可接受的一段时间内实现结果。这些公开的实施方式中公开的装置允许用户将流体(说明性地,缓冲液)从内部储存器排出到测试材料上。
本发明目的在于提供一种改进了缓冲液或者其它测试流体到测试材料的传送的测试装置和方法。
发明内容
在宽泛的形式上,本发明提供了包括用于缓冲液或者其它测试流体的储存器的测试单元。测试流体可以由用户选择性地释放。测试单元包括能够接收因此排出的流体的容器,然后将流体从容器以受控方式释放以接触测试材料。
根据一个方面,本发明提供了一种集成测试装置,包括:
测试部件;
储存器,所述储存器适于容纳测试流体;
控制容器;和
流体传送致动器,其中所述流体传送致动器的操作引起所述测试流体被从所述储存器释放到所述控制容器中,所述控制容器适于提供测试流体到所述测试部件上的受控排出。
根据另一方面,本发明提供了一种测试身体流体的方法,所述方法使用包括测试部件、适于容纳测试流体的储存器、控制容器和流体传送致动器的装置进行,所述方法至少包括下列步骤:
将身体流体的样品安置在测试部件上,操作流体传送致动器;
将流体从储存器释放到控制容器;将流体从控制容器释放到试验材料上作为受控排出。
根据另一方面,本发明的测试装置包括测试部件和适于接收测试流体的控制容器,测试流体从单独的或者一体的储存器释放到控制容器中,控制容器适于提供测试流体到测试部件上的受控排出。测试流体可以从一体的储存器排出到控制容器中,或者被从小药囊、滴管或者其它容器手动地分配到容器中。
申请人已经认识到,在有些情况下,流体到测试部件上的相对快速且可能非内含性的释放可降低测试精度,或者甚至完全破坏它。流体可能被过快地传送,可能未被传送到正确部位,和/或可能不具有与试样的适当关系。将理解,本发明的实现允许从流体储存器、例如小药囊的相对快速排出,同时允许到测试材料的较慢释放速率。该释放速率可以不是常量,并且可以简单地通过容器中的孔口提供。容器可以通常被密封,或者能够对外部开放,例如在形式上类似于碗。可以是一个或多个弯曲路径用以减缓或者限制流体到测试材料上的流速。流动中的一些部分能够直接到达测试材料,而一个或多个其它路则较缓慢地到达。术语“控制容器”旨在涵盖测试单元中包括的、具有控制从储存器到测试材料上的流动速率的作用的任何结构。
特别指出,本发明涵盖其中小药囊不是一体的而是被手动排出到控制容器中的测试单元。该控制容器能够即使在这种简单装置中也是有帮助的。
实现还可以简单地通过改变容器中开口的大小和/或形状,允许不同的释放速率。流体可以从控制容器直接释放到测试部件上,或者经由导管或者通道释放。
术语“受控排出”在本说明书和权利要求书中指与将小药囊的整个含量简单地在单个冲击中释放相比,将流体从容器中以在流速上更为受控的方式释放。在一种形式中,可以仅仅意思是放慢流动速率。在其它形式中,可以更紧密地控制排出速率,并使其紧密地适于测试要求。在许多形式中,排出速率将不是常量。
附图说明
现在将参考附图说明本发明的说明性实施方式,其中:
图1示出了本发明一个实施方式的透视图;
图2是图1中实施方式的纵向横截面;
图3是更细节的横截面图;
图4A、4B和4C例示了在图1的实施方式中的联锁部件的操作;
图5是图1的实施方式的平面图,其中移去了盖子;
图6A和6B是流体储存器的一个实施方式的透视图;
图7A、7B和7C以横截面示出了测试流体排出中的阶段;和
图8A和8B示出了具有一体式排出容器的可选择储存器。
具体实施方式
将参考若干可能实施方式说明本发明。将理解,除提供的示例之外,本发明能够以许多方式执行。这些实施方式旨在是说明性的,并且决不是限制本发明构思或者其可能实现。另外将清楚,不同实施方式的特征可形成为不同组合,或者添加在一起,以提供本发明的其它实施方式。
本发明主要涉及测试装置操作的具体方面,涉及到旨在接触测试材料的流体的排出。因此,虽然将提供且描述测试单元的其余机械结构的具体示例,但将理解,本发明原理上能够结合具有这种测试单元的任何设计使用。特别是,已知测试单元以及通过引用在本说明书中公开的那些可以修改以整合本发明的实施方式。
图1和2示出了本发明的一个实施方式,图2示出了横截面。测试单元10包括盖子15,盖子15包括用于释放测试流体的可降低区段26。测试流体41被包含在小药囊40中。测试单元10另外包括臂25,臂25具有身体流体(在本示例中,血液)的收集装置28。测试单元10另外具有用于接收血样的开口20,以及从中通过能够看到测试结果的指示器开口21。
如以下将更详细地描述的,在工作时,根据这一实施方式,操作者操作刺血针30以从身体上的合适部位释放血液,例如从手指释放。在这一实施方式中,刺血针30与所述单元整合,但在其它实施方式中,刺血针30能够是单独供给的装置。用户可能需要从切开部位挤取血液。
收集装置28被置于渗出的血液上,并且提取(在本示例中,通过毛细管作用)样品。在替代实施方式中,可使用其它试样收集布置,例如非一体的抽吸或者毛细管装置,或者将流体直接置于测试材料60上。
在集电设备被填充之后,臂25然后可以旋转(如以下将更详细地描述的)到传送位置。收集装置然后经由开口20接触测试材料60,并且样品被排出到测试材料60上。
用户然后可以下压区段26,区段26对小药囊40施加压力,使得测试流体41被释放。测试流体41流动到容器50中。容器50具有一个或多个开口(这些图中未示出),以允许将测试流体41以受制速率排出到测试材料60上。
要强调的是,本发明能够应用于其中需要控制测试流体的速率的、任何种类的测试。在本示例中,说明性地,测试是侧流测试(lateral flow test)。但是,可使用任何其它期望类型的色谱测试或者其它测试。类似地,测试流体可以是水,缓冲溶液,或者执行、支撑本测试或者另外地结合本测试使用的任何其它所需流体。
图6A和6B示出了小药囊40的一个实施方式,在本示例中为以类似于泡罩包装的方式形成的结构。流体被包含在凸泡区段42中。出口管43以密封件44封装,密封件44的强度相对于装置其余部分减弱,例如具有薄壁而减弱。该小药囊可以使用常规的泡罩包装技术制成。
当可降低区段26施加力时,凸泡中的压力增大,直至密封件44损坏,并且流体通过管43排出。在图6B中,能够看出凸泡42被下压,所有流体通过现在打开的管43被排出。
从图3和5中能够更好地理解整个系统的操作及其排出。在图3中,带有测试流体41的小药囊40能够看到位于可降低部分26以下。还能够看到承载收集装置28的臂25。当流体从小药囊40排出时,它经由排出导管52被收集在容器50中。容器50具有在它的底壁中的开口51,开口51直接排出到测试材料60的区域61上。区域62标示其中身体流体将经由开口20沉积的部位,因此能够看出,排出的测试流体被沉积以便允许测试流体在其沉积之后与样品汇合。
将理解,可以使用任何合适技术提供小药囊或者储存器,优选地包括称为压力排出故障方向(failure direction)。但是将理解,其它释放机构、例如切割或者穿刺能够用以释放流体。
图4A、4B和4C示出了联锁(interlock)的操作,该操作在用于血液应用的优选实施方式中确保测试流体在血样沉积之后仅排出在测试材料上。在图4A中,能够看到凸轮32。如将更详细地说明的,凸轮32的旋转位置确定储存器中的流体是否能够释放。
在图4A中,刺血针30处于静止位置,因此仍无血液已被抽出。凸轮32接合可降低部分26上的突出部33,并且突出部33不能向下移动。在图4B中,刺血针已被接合和操作,并且已经移动到安全静止位置31。现在血液能够收集在收集装置28中。凸轮32仍阻挡突出部33。
在图4C中,臂25已经旋转,使得血液能够经由开口20沉积到测试材料60上。凸轮32现在已经旋转使得凹进34位于突出部33附近,并且可降低部分26现在可以向下移动,以便于对小药囊施加压力并且释放流体(在该图中未示出)。因而,凸轮32作用为联锁以阻止测试流体的预先释放。将理解,可使用其它的机械系统来实现这一点。这种机构的示例在前面提到专利申请中提供。在很多情况下传送流体的时机(timing)对于获得适当结果是关键的,并且预先释放将使得试验无效。
图7A、7B、7C更详细地示出了在说明性装置中的测试流体排出的顺序。在图7A中,小药囊40包含测试流体41,并且还有待于通过可降低部分26的压力排出。能够看出,一些流体41还在管区段44中。
在图7B中,可降低部分26已被下压,并且测试流体41已被排出(如箭头所示)到容器50中。容器50近乎与测试材料60直接接合。将理解,在其它实施方式中,能够采用不同的流体流路和几何结构。
在图7C中,测试流体41通过开口51(该图中不可见)以受控方式排出到测试部件60上。由此,测试流体41以被测量的受控的方式排出到测试部件60上,而不是在非内含性速送(uncontained rush)中排出到测试部件60上。
将理解,虽然流体将随着时间排出,但它将不必要以恒速进行。速率将部分地通过容器中开口(或者多个开口)的大小以及测试材料的吸液性确定。例如随着更多的或者大部分的流体已经离开容器,流动可变得缓慢。
小药囊中的流体可以是执行或者核实测试所需或者期望的任何类型流体。将理解,流体可具有不同特性,例如密度、粘度和表面张力,并且可能需要对小药囊和易碎区域进行适当改变。本发明涉及如何传送流体,并且适用于结合测试使用的任何期望流体。
说明性地,测试材料可以是用于血液组分、电解质、血糖、胆固醇或者任何其它血液组分的侧流测试。它可适于检测特定的生物学响应或者免疫响应,例如病原体或者病原体抗体的存在。能够使用对于适于该类型测试单元的体液的任何种类测试。本发明非专指于任何类型或形式的测试材料,不管是侧流形式或者其它形式。类似地,其不局限于血液,而能够应用于关于任何合适身体流体的测试,例如尿、组织间隙液、粪便或者唾沫,不论是直接施加到测试单元或者在预处理之后。
将理解,将需要部分地用试凑法对于专门应用确定特定尺寸、形状和参数。所需的流体体积将确定小药囊的尺寸。特定流体的特性及所需的流动速率将确定所需的容器中开口的尺寸和特性。具体流体和流体将流过的材料之间的相互作用的表面性能需要被考虑。例如,在水状流体中,假定有较高的表面张力,则光滑形状在角部上是优选的,以确保流体的平稳流动。例示的滞留容器被全部容纳在测试单元中,但是将理解,如果需要,其能够是部分开放的。所需的流动速率和体积对于要使用的具体测试材料是专有的,并且将通常由测试材料制造商告知。
因此这一实施方式允许紧密地控制测试流体的传送速率。流体首先被释放到滞留容器中。出口的尺寸、数目和形状以及容器的形状将确定流体的释放速率(可变或恒定)。例如,如果出口较小,则流体将在较长时段上翻译。控制流体体积以及其流体路径的组合允许较精确地控制流体传送,进一步确保流体被传送到测试材料上的正确部位。
本发明可以以不结合关于以上示例指出的优选特征中的全部特征的方式来实现。例如,血液或者其它流体的样品能够直接置于测试单元中的合适凹进或者开口中,而不使用毛细管或者其它机构。缓冲液储存器可以不是一体的,而能够是单独的瓶子或者小药囊。在这一情况下,滞留容器将包括开口或者通路以用于来自外部容器的流体的进入。
本发明在其范围内包括一种装置,其中所有的流体成分–储存器、容器和其间的任何导管一体地形成在装置中。但是出于实际制造的原因,现在优选的是,储存器被单独地形成。这例如利于不同储存器或者小药囊针对不同测试部件的定尺寸以及这些在制造期间的串接替换。
虽然已经将小药囊描述为保持流体,但将理解,本发明决不局限于这样的布置。小药囊能够例如形成为泡罩包装类型的单元,以铝箔容器或者以任何其它合适方式形成。储存器能够简单地形成在测试单元中,并且在制造过程中被填充。能够使用将在压力或者其它刺激源作用下在选定部位处开放的另一类型易碎容器。能够提供多于一种流体,这些流体被立即传送、或相继地传送,或者以交替方式传送。
图8A和8B示出了其中容器设置为小药囊单元的一部分的实施方式。单元70包括储存器71、管72和密封件73,这与图6A中的那些类似。但是,容器75另外设置为凸泡类型结构的一部分,带有开口74。将理解,为说明性目的,这被倒置(upside down)示出。
一旦小药囊被下压,如图8B所示,密封件73损坏并且测试流体穿过容器75,其中在操作中,测试流体以受控方式排出到测试材料上(在本图中未示出)。在本示例中,测试单元将不包括集成的储存器,而是具有在可降低部分26下方的用于单元70的适当凹进,使得开口75直接排出到测试部件60上。
将理解,该说明性实施方式仅举例给出,并且可使用许多其它结构来实施本发明,并且特别地,实施控制容器。根据要采用它们的测试系统,这些实施方式将有必要在形式和机构上进行变化。

Claims (13)

1.一种集成测试装置,包括:
测试部件;
储存器,所述储存器适于容纳测试流体;
控制容器;和
流体传送致动器,其中所述流体传送致动器的操作引起所述测试流体从所述储存器被释放到所述控制容器中,所述控制容器适于提供测试流体到所述测试部件上的受控排出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的集成测试装置,其中所述控制容器包括一个或多个开口,以便于提供到所述测试部件上的受控排出。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的集成测试装置,其中所述控制容器与所述装置一体地形成,并且所述储存器和所述测试部件单独形成。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的集成测试装置,其中所述控制容器和所述储存器一起形成为单独部件。
5.根据先前权利要求中任一项所述的集成测试装置,其中所述致动器直到样品被输送到所述测试部件之后才能够操作。
6.根据先前权利要求中任一项所述的集成测试装置,其中所述受控排出由包括所述储存器、所述控制容器、所述控制容器中的开口、和在这些部件之间的以及来自这些部件的流体路径中的一个或多个的物理结构控制。
7.一种测试身体流体的方法,所述方法使用包括测试部件、适于容纳测试流体的储存器、控制容器、和流体传送致动器的装置而进行,所述方法至少包括下列步骤:
将身体流体的样品安置在所述测试部件上,操作所述流体传送致动器;
将流体从所述储存器释放到所述控制容器;
将流体从所述控制容器释放到所述试验材料上作为受控排出。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述受控排出由包括所述储存器、所述控制容器、所述控制容器中的开口、和在这些部件之间的以及来自这些部件的流体路径的物理结构中的一个或多个控制。
9.一种包括测试部件和适于接收测试流体的控制容器的测试装置,所述测试流体从单独的或者一体的储存器释放到所述控制容器中,所述控制容器适于提供测试流体到所述测试部件上的受控排出。
10.根据权利要求9所述的测试装置,其中所述测试部件接收用于测试的样品,并且所述测试流体在样品被接收之后排出。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的测试装置,其中所述受控排出由包括所述储存器、所述控制容器、所述控制容器中的开口、和在这些部件之间的以及来自这些部件的流体路径中的一个或多个的物理结构控制。
12.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的测试装置,其中所述控制容器和所述储存器一起形成为单独部件。
13.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的测试装置,其中所述控制容器与所述装置一体地形成,并且所述储存器和所述测试部件单独形成。
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