CN105849511A - 用于测量容器中填料的料位的设备 - Google Patents

用于测量容器中填料的料位的设备 Download PDF

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CN105849511A
CN105849511A CN201480067522.1A CN201480067522A CN105849511A CN 105849511 A CN105849511 A CN 105849511A CN 201480067522 A CN201480067522 A CN 201480067522A CN 105849511 A CN105849511 A CN 105849511A
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level sensor
container
level
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measuring
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斯特凡·格伦弗洛
拉尔夫·赖梅尔特
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Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
    • G01F23/2845—Electromagnetic waves for discrete levels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/261—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields for discrete levels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
    • G01F23/292—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet
    • G01F23/2921—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels
    • G01F23/2928—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels using light reflected on the material surface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/296—Acoustic waves
    • G01F23/2962—Measuring transit time of reflected waves

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于测量容器中填料的料位的装置，包括料位传感器(1)，其设计成通过行进时间差测量方法或通过电容测量方法确定料位；限位传感器(2)，用于监视容器中填料的料位；电子单元(3)，被指配到料位传感器(1)和/或限位传感器(2)。电子单元(3)基于料位传感器(1)的测量数据确定容器中填料的料位，其中电子单元(3)基于限位传感器(2)的测量数据监视容器中填料的限位。

Description

用于测量容器中填料的料位的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于测量容器中填料的料位的设备，具有料位传感器、限位传感器以及电子单元。
背景技术
为了确定容器中填料的料位，应用测量不同物理变量的测量系统。基于这些变量，导出与料位有关的期望信息。除了机械检测器，还应用电容、导电及流体静力的测量探针，以及基于超声、微波或放射性辐射工作的测量装置。
在具有电磁高频脉冲(TDR方法或脉冲雷达方法)或具有连续频率调制微波(如FMCW雷达方法)的行进时间(travel-time)方法的情况下，测量信号在导电元件及相应的波导上是内耦合的，并且借助波导的方式引入定位填料的容器中。用作波导的是已知变种有Sommerfeld、Goubau和Lecher的表面波导。
电容料位测量使用当料位变化时部分由液体形成的电容器的电容变化来测量。为了测量，位于内部的探针和导电容器壁形成电容器。可替换地，两个单独的探针也可以浸入容器的液体中，使得形成电容器。
当探针位于空气中时，测量到某一较低的起始电容。如果容器被填充，则电容器的电容随着探针被遮盖的增加而上升。在连接电容探针作为限位开关的情况下，在校准中设置电容量时达到这些开关。
在大多数应用中，在连续的料位测量技术的情况下，在容器中安装辅助限位传感器，以避免在故障情况下溢出。通过这种增加的冗余，可以有力地最小化危及安全的风险。缺点是由额外的测量装置、连接、布线和电子单元引起的额外的复杂性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种设备，其确定容器中填料的料位，并且具有在容器溢出之前的低复杂性和低成本的警告。
根据本发明，通过本发明的主题实现该目的。本发明的主题是一种用于确定容器中的填料的料位的设备。该设备包括料位传感器，被实施成经由行进时间差测量方法或电容测量方法确定料位；限位传感器，用于监视容器中填料的限位；以及电子单元，该电子单元与料位传感器和/或限位传感器相关联。电子单元基于料位传感器的测量数据确定容器中填料的料位，并且基于限位传感器的测量数据监视容器中填料的限位。
本发明的目的通过在一个设备中集成限位传感器和料位传感器实现。由于该设备具有料位传感器和限位传感器，可以低成本和少劳动地确定容器中填料的料位，并且在填料从容器溢出之前及时地发出警告。
在优选的实施方式中，料位传感器被实施成TDR料位传感器，用于基于时域反射计来测量料位。
在优选的实施方式中，料位传感器被实施成金属杆或金属电缆。
在优选的实施方式中，料位传感器被实施成用于电容测量料位的同轴探针。
电容探针形成具有以填料作为电介质的电容器，其料位改变电容器的电容。
在实施方式的优选形式中，料位传感器被实施成雷达天线或超声波传感器。
雷达天线和超声传感器是向行进时间方法提供精度的组件。
在优选的变型中，料位传感器被实施成热、电阻、光学或电容限位传感器。
热限位传感器根据填料的覆盖改变其导热性。电阻限位传感器根据填料的覆盖改变其导电性。光学限位传感器根据填料的覆盖改变其光传输性。电容限位传感器根据填料的覆盖改变其电容。
在优选的变型中，限位传感器被实施成用于确定周围空气的测量变量的气体传感器。
基于光学或半导体的传感器可用于测量气体。一个实施方式的例子是金属氧化物气体传感器(MOX)，其基于pn结导电性测量气体浓度，其通过吸收气体分子而改变。如果这种pn结浸入填料中，则基于导电性被识别。借助气体传感器，可以辅助导出其他考虑用于诊断的过程属性。
附图说明
现在，基于附图更详细地解释本发明，其中：
附图1是具有金属杆和限位传感器的本发明设备的侧视纵截面，
附图2是具有共轴探针和两个限位传感器的本发明设备的侧视纵截面，以及
附图3是具有雷达天线和限位传感器的本发明设备的侧视纵截面。
具体实施方式
附图1表示本发明的设备10的侧视纵截面。设备10包括布置在板7第一表面上的电子单元3。板7具有与其第一表面反向对置的第二表面。从板7的第二表面中心延伸的是金属杆8。金属杆8是柱形的。还在板7的第二表面上布置限位传感器2。限位传感器2朝向板7的第二表面的边缘侧向布置。
金属杆8可以用作测量每时域反射计的料位以及还用于电容料位测量的TDR料位传感器。在电容料位测量的情况下，金属杆8形成第一电极，放置了填料的容器形成第二电极，在金属杆8和容器之间的填料作为电介质。填料的料位越高，金属管8(第一电极)和容器(第二电极)之间放置的电介质越多。如果作为电容器电极的金属杆8和容器被供应来自电子单元3的交流电压，则可以基于对交流电压的响应信号确定容器中填料的料位。
在操作金属杆8作为TDR料位传感器的情况下，电子单元3产生电脉冲，并且将电脉冲耦合到金属杆8上。一部分电脉冲在填料的表面上反射，并且以这种方式，经由金属杆8返回电子单元3。基于脉冲的行进时间，电子单元3可以确定容器中填料的料位。
如果料位到达限位传感器2，则限位传感器2由填料覆盖，并且限位传感器2将“覆盖”状态报告给电子单元3。
附图2表示本发明设备10的附加实施方式的侧视纵截面。设备10包括布置在板7的第一表面上的电子单元3。布置在板7的第二表面上的是料位传感器1，其中料位传感器1被实施成同轴探针5。同轴探针5被实施成在金属管9中心布置的金属杆8。金属杆8和金属管9形成两个电极，金属杆8和金属管9之间的填料形成电容器的电介质，其电容根据填料的料位而变化。
第一和第二限位传感器2布置在金属管9的外表面上。第一限位传感器2在板7的第二表面布置在金属管9的端部，第二限位传感器2在金属管9的下半部布置在金属管9上。两个限位传感器2可以在两个不同的料位监测填料的限位的超出。只要填料的料位达到两个限位探针2中的一个，则特定的限位探针2由填料覆盖。该限位探针2将“覆盖”状态报告给电子单元3，由此可以防止填料的进一步上升。借助分布的限位传感器，可以补充实现连续测量的结果。
附图3表示本发明设备10的实施方式的第三个例子的侧视纵截面。设备10包括板7的第一表面上的电子单元3。板7的第二表面包括用作料位传感器1的漏斗形雷达天线6。雷达天线6通过漏斗形状向着填料发射雷达波。如果雷达波冲击填料的表面，则反射，并且由雷达天线6接收。雷达天线6将接收的电磁波转换成电信号，并且转送到电子单元3。电子单元3根据电磁波的行进时间确定容器中填料的料位。
限位传感器2布置在板7的第二表面的外边缘附近。只要填料的料位达到限制探针2，填料就覆盖它，并且限位传感器2将“覆盖”状态报告给电子单元。这样，可以防止填料的进一步上升。
附图标记列表
1 料位传感器
2 限位传感器
3 电子单元
4 TDR料位传感器
5 同轴探针
6 雷达天线
7 板
8 金属杆
9 金属管
10 设备

Claims (7)

1.用于测量容器中填料的料位的设备，包括：
料位传感器(1)，将所述料位传感器实施成利用行进时间差测量方法或电容测量方法确定料位；
限位传感器(2)，用于监测容器中填料的限位；以及
电子单元(3)，与所述料位传感器(1)和/或限位传感器(2)相关联；
其中，所述电子单元(3)基于所述料位传感器(1)的测量数据确定所述容器中填料的料位；以及
其中，所述电子单元(3)基于所述限位传感器(2)的测量数据监测所述容器中填料的料位。
2.如权利要求1所述的料位测量装置，其中所述料位传感器(1)被实施成TDR料位传感器(4)，用于基于时域反射计来测量料位。
3.如权利要求2所述的料位测量装置，其中所述料位传感器(1)被实施成金属杆或金属线缆。
4.如权利要求1所述的料位测量装置，其中所述料位传感器(1)被实施成用于电容测量料位的同轴探针(5)。
5.如权利要求1所述的料位测量装置，其中所述料位传感器(1)被实施成雷达天线(6)或超声波传感器。
6.如前述权利要求中至少一个所述的料位测量装置，其中所述限位传感器被实施成热、电阻、光学或电容限位传感器。
7.如前述权利要求中至少一个所述的料位测量装置，其中所述限位传感器(2)被实施成用于确定周围空气的测量变量的气体传感器。
CN201480067522.1A 2013-12-10 2014-11-03 用于测量容器中填料的料位的设备 Pending CN105849511A (zh)

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US10712309B2 (en) * 2016-12-22 2020-07-14 Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg Electrochemical sensor
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DE102020114636A1 (de) 2020-06-02 2021-12-02 Vega Grieshaber Kg Integrierter Sensor zur Erfassung eines minimalen Grenzstandes und eines Füllstandes, Anordnung eines solchen Sensors an einem Behälter und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Sensors
DE102021113925A1 (de) 2021-05-28 2022-12-01 Vega Grieshaber Kg Füll- oder Grenzstandsensor mit optischer Überwachungseinrichtung
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DE102021115755A1 (de) 2021-06-17 2022-12-22 Vega Grieshaber Kg Sensorhalter und Messanordnung mit flexibler Behälterverbindung und/oder Sensoraufnahme
DE102021128333A1 (de) 2021-10-29 2023-05-04 Vega Grieshaber Kg Feldgerät mit graphischer Visualisierung der Prozessgröße

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