CN105845194A - 一种低电力损耗的干式变压器 - Google Patents

一种低电力损耗的干式变压器 Download PDF

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CN105845194A
CN105845194A CN201610401261.3A CN201610401261A CN105845194A CN 105845194 A CN105845194 A CN 105845194A CN 201610401261 A CN201610401261 A CN 201610401261A CN 105845194 A CN105845194 A CN 105845194A
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沈宇杰
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Harbin Transformer Co ltd
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Suzhou Gaojing Tezhuan Information Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于变压器技术领域，尤其是涉及一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，包含有铁芯、套装在铁芯外的低压线圈、套装在低压线圈外的高压线圈、箱体、高压引出线、低压引出线、高压套管、低压套管，低压线圈中使用了低压漆包线，高压线圈中使用了高压漆包线；其特征在于，所述低压漆包线由导体层及包覆在导体层外的绝缘漆层构成，导体层的横截面是圆形，绝缘漆层的横截面是圆形；所述导体层及绝缘漆层是特殊的材料。本发明具有以下主要有益效果：变压器重量轻、成本低、运输及安装方便、漆包线的漆层粘结强度高且更耐高温、电力损耗更低。

Description

一种低电力损耗的干式变压器
技术领域
本发明属于变压器技术领域，尤其是涉及一种低电力损耗的干式变压器。
背景技术
随着电力行业的快速发展，干式变压器的使用量日益增加。现有技术中的干式变压器中使用的导体主要有铜箔和漆包线，漆包线中的导电材料主要是铜，由于铜的密度较大，因此，变压器的整体重量较重，且其为重金属，故价格比较昂贵；由于铜的固有特征，因此，对于漆包线的漆具有较高的要求，故漆层的材料也居高不下。因此，行业内需求具有重量更轻、成本更低的变压器。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的是揭示一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，它是采用以下技术方案来实现的。
本发明的第1实施例中，一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，包含有铁芯、套装在铁芯外的低压线圈、套装在低压线圈外的高压线圈、箱体、高压引出线、低压引出线、高压套管、低压套管，低压线圈中使用了低压漆包线，高压线圈中使用了高压漆包线；其特征在于，所述低压漆包线由导体层及包覆在导体层外的绝缘漆层构成，导体层的横截面是圆形，绝缘漆层的横截面是圆形，绝缘漆层的横截面积是导体层的横截面积的0.1～1.5倍，所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：铜20～30份、铝60～80份、硼2～4份、硅1～3份、锰1～2份、镁0.1～0.4份、银0.1～0.3份、锆0.1～0.2份、铬0.1～0.2份、锌0.3～0.6份、钇0.1～0.2份、钛0.2～0.4份、铍0.1～0.2份、铼0.1～0.2份、钨0.1～0.3份、镓0.1～0.3份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：（2～4）：(0.06～0.13): (0.03～0.15): (0.03～0.10)；所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：二甲基乙酰胺70～80份、乙醇8～10份、聚酰胺酸7～9份、环烷酸钴2～4份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯1～3份、碳化硅5～10份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯8～14份、聚氨基树脂3～7份、尼龙6或尼龙12：3～6份、醋酸乙酯6～9份、醋酸丁酯1～2份、乙酸3～5份、云母10～15份、三氧化二铝1～1.5份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆4～6份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2～4份。
本发明的第2实施例中，一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，包含有铁芯、套装在铁芯外的低压线圈、套装在低压线圈外的高压线圈、箱体、高压引出线、低压引出线、高压套管、低压套管，低压线圈中使用了低压漆包线，高压线圈中使用了高压漆包线；其特征在于，所述低压漆包线由导体层及包覆在导体层外的绝缘漆层构成，导体层的横截面是矩形，绝缘漆层的横截面是圆形，绝缘漆层的横截面积是导体层的横截面积的0.1～2.5倍，所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：铜20～30份、铝60～80份、硼2～4份、硅1～3份、锰1～2份、镁0.1～0.4份、银0.1～0.3份、锆0.1～0.2份、铬0.1～0.2份、锌0.3～0.6份、钇0.1～0.2份、钛0.2～0.4份、铍0.1～0.2份、铼0.1～0.2份、钨0.1～0.3份、镓0.1～0.3份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：（2～4）：(0.06～0.13): (0.03～0.15): (0.03～0.10)；所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：二甲基乙酰胺70～80份、乙醇8～10份、聚酰胺酸7～9份、环烷酸钴2～4份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯1～3份、碳化硅5～10份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯8～14份、聚氨基树脂3～7份、尼龙6或尼龙12：3～6份、醋酸乙酯6～9份、醋酸丁酯1～2份、乙酸3～5份、云母10～15份、三氧化二铝1～1.5份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆4～6份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2～4份。
本发明的第3实施例中，一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，包含有铁芯、套装在铁芯外的低压线圈、套装在低压线圈外的高压线圈、箱体、高压引出线、低压引出线、高压套管、低压套管，低压线圈中使用了低压漆包线，高压线圈中使用了高压漆包线；其特征在于，所述低压漆包线由导体层及包覆在导体层外的绝缘漆层构成，导体层的横截面是矩形，绝缘漆层的横截面是矩形，绝缘漆层的横截面积是导体层的横截面积的0.1～1.8倍，所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：铜20～30份、铝60～80份、硼2～4份、硅1～3份、锰1～2份、镁0.1～0.4份、银0.1～0.3份、锆0.1～0.2份、铬0.1～0.2份、锌0.3～0.6份、钇0.1～0.2份、钛0.2～0.4份、铍0.1～0.2份、铼0.1～0.2份、钨0.1～0.3份、镓0.1～0.3份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：（2～4）：(0.06～0.13): (0.03～0.15): (0.03～0.10)；所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：二甲基乙酰胺70～80份、乙醇8～10份、聚酰胺酸7～9份、环烷酸钴2～4份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯1～3份、碳化硅5～10份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯8～14份、聚氨基树脂3～7份、尼龙6或尼龙12：3～6份、醋酸乙酯6～9份、醋酸丁酯1～2份、乙酸3～5份、云母10～15份、三氧化二铝1～1.5份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆4～6份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2～4份。
本发明具有以下主要有益效果：变压器重量轻、成本低、运输及安装方便、漆包线的漆层粘结强度高且更耐高温、电力损耗更低。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施实例1中使用的漆包线的横截面结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施实例2中使用的漆包线的横截面结构示意图。
图3为本发明实施实例3中使用的漆包线的横截面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施实例1
请见图1，一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，包含有铁芯、套装在铁芯外的低压线圈、套装在低压线圈外的高压线圈、箱体、高压引出线、低压引出线、高压套管、低压套管，低压线圈中使用了低压漆包线，高压线圈中使用了高压漆包线；其特征在于，所述低压漆包线由导体层1及包覆在导体层1外的绝缘漆层2构成，导体层的横截面是圆形，绝缘漆层的横截面是圆形，绝缘漆层的横截面积是导体层的横截面积的0.1～1.5倍，所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：铜20～30份、铝60～80份、硼2～4份、硅1～3份、锰1～2份、镁0.1～0.4份、银0.1～0.3份、锆0.1～0.2份、铬0.1～0.2份、锌0.3～0.6份、钇0.1～0.2份、钛0.2～0.4份、铍0.1～0.2份、铼0.1～0.2份、钨0.1～0.3份、镓0.1～0.3份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：（2～4）：(0.06～0.13): (0.03～0.15): (0.03～0.10)；所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：二甲基乙酰胺70～80份、乙醇8～10份、聚酰胺酸7～9份、环烷酸钴2～4份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯1～3份、碳化硅5～10份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯8～14份、聚氨基树脂3～7份、尼龙6或尼龙12：3～6份、醋酸乙酯6～9份、醋酸丁酯1～2份、乙酸3～5份、云母10～15份、三氧化二铝1～1.5份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆4～6份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2～4份。
实施实例2
请见图2，一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，包含有铁芯、套装在铁芯外的低压线圈、套装在低压线圈外的高压线圈、箱体、高压引出线、低压引出线、高压套管、低压套管，低压线圈中使用了低压漆包线，高压线圈中使用了高压漆包线；其特征在于，所述低压漆包线由导体层1及包覆在导体层1外的绝缘漆层2构成，导体层的横截面是矩形，绝缘漆层的横截面是圆形，绝缘漆层的横截面积是导体层的横截面积的0.1～2.5倍，所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：铜20～30份、铝60～80份、硼2～4份、硅1～3份、锰1～2份、镁0.1～0.4份、银0.1～0.3份、锆0.1～0.2份、铬0.1～0.2份、锌0.3～0.6份、钇0.1～0.2份、钛0.2～0.4份、铍0.1～0.2份、铼0.1～0.2份、钨0.1～0.3份、镓0.1～0.3份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：（2～4）：(0.06～0.13): (0.03～0.15): (0.03～0.10)；所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：二甲基乙酰胺70～80份、乙醇8～10份、聚酰胺酸7～9份、环烷酸钴2～4份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯1～3份、碳化硅5～10份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯8～14份、聚氨基树脂3～7份、尼龙6或尼龙12：3～6份、醋酸乙酯6～9份、醋酸丁酯1～2份、乙酸3～5份、云母10～15份、三氧化二铝1～1.5份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆4～6份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2～4份。
实施实例3
请见图3，一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，包含有铁芯、套装在铁芯外的低压线圈、套装在低压线圈外的高压线圈、箱体、高压引出线、低压引出线、高压套管、低压套管，低压线圈中使用了低压漆包线，高压线圈中使用了高压漆包线；其特征在于，所述低压漆包线由导体层1及包覆在导体层1外的绝缘漆层2构成，导体层的横截面是矩形，绝缘漆层的横截面是矩形，绝缘漆层的横截面积是导体层的横截面积的0.1～1.8倍，所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：铜20～30份、铝60～80份、硼2～4份、硅1～3份、锰1～2份、镁0.1～0.4份、银0.1～0.3份、锆0.1～0.2份、铬0.1～0.2份、锌0.3～0.6份、钇0.1～0.2份、钛0.2～0.4份、铍0.1～0.2份、铼0.1～0.2份、钨0.1～0.3份、镓0.1～0.3份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：（2～4）：(0.06～0.13): (0.03～0.15): (0.03～0.10)；所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：二甲基乙酰胺70～80份、乙醇8～10份、聚酰胺酸7～9份、环烷酸钴2～4份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯1～3份、碳化硅5～10份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯8～14份、聚氨基树脂3～7份、尼龙6或尼龙12：3～6份、醋酸乙酯6～9份、醋酸丁酯1～2份、乙酸3～5份、云母10～15份、三氧化二铝1～1.5份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆4～6份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2～4份。
上述任一实施实例中所述的一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，其特征在于所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成时，能达到最优的性能：铜25份、铝70份、硼3份、硅2份、锰1.5份、镁0.25份、银0.2份、锆0.15份、铬0.15份、锌0.45份、钇0.15份、钛0.3份、铍0.15份、铼0.15份、钨0.2份、镓0.2份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：2.8：0.12: 0.08: 0.06。
上述任一实施实例中所述的一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，其特征在于所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成时，能达到最优的性能：二甲基乙酰胺75份、乙醇9份、聚酰胺酸8份、环烷酸钴3份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯2份、碳化硅7.5份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯11份、聚氨基树脂5份、尼龙6或尼龙12：4.5份、醋酸乙酯4.5份、醋酸丁酯1.5份、乙酸4份、云母12.5份、三氧化二铝1.25份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆5份、二月桂酸二丁基锡3份。
本发明中，导体层中加入锆与铝形成ZrAl3化合物，阻碍再结晶过程,细化再结晶晶粒；加入的银使铝合多的导电率大大提高，接近了铜的导电率；铬、钨、钛、锌等的加入，大大提高了导体的抗腐蚀能力；铜：铝：硼：硅：锰质量比为铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：（2～4）：(0.06～0.13): (0.03～0.15): (0.03～0.10), 导体的强度远大于铜材料的强度，保证了导体的强度比纯铝的强度高70～90MPa、收缩率比纯铝的小40%～60%、同样环境条件时120℃～250℃之间抗氧化的机率比纯铜降低300%～600%、同样环境条件时120℃～250℃之间抗氧化的机率比纯铝降低90%～150%； 20℃时电阻率为0.01773Ω·m～0.01856Ω·m，而20℃时铜线的标称电阻率为0.01724Ω·m、20℃时铝线的标称电阻率为0.0258Ω·m；同样的载流量，重量比铜的明显减轻；最优配方时，20℃时电阻率达到为0.01773Ω·m。
因此，本发明中的导体层材料具有导电率更高，抗腐蚀能力更强，强度更高，成本更低；重量更轻、运费更低、价格更便宜等优点。
本发明中，绝缘漆层的特殊配方，使得其具有更优良的粘结性能，表面光滑，绝缘漆层厚度为0.05mm时，与本发明中的导体层粘结后，8小时后，粘结力最小值为35g，连续150℃、720h试验后漆层无目力开裂、重量百分比换算挥发量≤0.35%；绝缘漆层厚度为0.10mm时，与本发明中的导体层粘结后，8小时后，粘结力最小值为30g，连续150℃、720h试验后漆层无目力开裂、重量百分比换算挥发量≤0.50%；采用最优配方时，绝缘漆层厚度为0.05mm时，与本发明中的导体层粘结后，8小时后，粘结力最小值为45g，连续150℃、720h试验后漆层无目力开裂、重量百分比换算挥发量≤0.20%；绝缘漆层厚度为0.10mm时，与本发明中的导体层粘结后，8小时后，粘结力最小值为38g，连续150℃、720h试验后漆层无目力开裂、重量百分比换算挥发量≤0.30%。
因此，本发明中的绝缘漆层不仅有较好的粘结强度，而且还具有优良的高温稳定性。
由于本发明中的导体层相比铝导体具有较低的电阻率，且与铜导体接近，故节能效果更加显著、电力损耗更低。
本发明中的变压器重量轻、成本低、运输及安装方便、漆包线的漆层粘结强度高且更耐高温、电力损耗更低。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，包含有铁芯、套装在铁芯外的低压线圈、套装在低压线圈外的高压线圈、箱体、高压引出线、低压引出线、高压套管、低压套管，低压线圈中使用了低压漆包线，高压线圈中使用了高压漆包线；其特征在于，所述低压漆包线由导体层及包覆在导体层外的绝缘漆层构成，导体层的横截面是圆形，绝缘漆层的横截面是圆形，绝缘漆层的横截面积是导体层的横截面积的0.1～1.5倍，所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：铜20～30份、铝60～80份、硼2～4份、硅1～3份、锰1～2份、镁0.1～0.4份、银0.1～0.3份、锆0.1～0.2份、铬0.1～0.2份、锌0.3～0.6份、钇0.1～0.2份、钛0.2～0.4份、铍0.1～0.2份、铼0.1～0.2份、钨0.1～0.3份、镓0.1～0.3份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：（2～4）：(0.06～0.13): (0.03～0.15): (0.03～0.10)；所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：二甲基乙酰胺70～80份、乙醇8～10份、聚酰胺酸7～9份、环烷酸钴2～4份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯1～3份、碳化硅5～10份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯8～14份、聚氨基树脂3～7份、尼龙6或尼龙12：3～6份、醋酸乙酯6～9份、醋酸丁酯1～2份、乙酸3～5份、云母10～15份、三氧化二铝1～1.5份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆4～6份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2～4份。
2.一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，包含有铁芯、套装在铁芯外的低压线圈、套装在低压线圈外的高压线圈、箱体、高压引出线、低压引出线、高压套管、低压套管，低压线圈中使用了低压漆包线，高压线圈中使用了高压漆包线；其特征在于，所述低压漆包线由导体层及包覆在导体层外的绝缘漆层构成，导体层的横截面是矩形，绝缘漆层的横截面是圆形，绝缘漆层的横截面积是导体层的横截面积的0.1～2.5倍，所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：铜20～30份、铝60～80份、硼2～4份、硅1～3份、锰1～2份、镁0.1～0.4份、银0.1～0.3份、锆0.1～0.2份、铬0.1～0.2份、锌0.3～0.6份、钇0.1～0.2份、钛0.2～0.4份、铍0.1～0.2份、铼0.1～0.2份、钨0.1～0.3份、镓0.1～0.3份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：（2～4）：(0.06～0.13): (0.03～0.15): (0.03～0.10)；所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：二甲基乙酰胺70～80份、乙醇8～10份、聚酰胺酸7～9份、环烷酸钴2～4份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯1～3份、碳化硅5～10份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯8～14份、聚氨基树脂3～7份、尼龙6或尼龙12：3～6份、醋酸乙酯6～9份、醋酸丁酯1～2份、乙酸3～5份、云母10～15份、三氧化二铝1～1.5份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆4～6份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2～4份。
3.一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，包含有铁芯、套装在铁芯外的低压线圈、套装在低压线圈外的高压线圈、箱体、高压引出线、低压引出线、高压套管、低压套管，低压线圈中使用了低压漆包线，高压线圈中使用了高压漆包线；其特征在于，所述低压漆包线由导体层及包覆在导体层外的绝缘漆层构成，导体层的横截面是矩形，绝缘漆层的横截面是矩形，绝缘漆层的横截面积是导体层的横截面积的0.1～1.8倍，所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：铜20～30份、铝60～80份、硼2～4份、硅1～3份、锰1～2份、镁0.1～0.4份、银0.1～0.3份、锆0.1～0.2份、铬0.1～0.2份、锌0.3～0.6份、钇0.1～0.2份、钛0.2～0.4份、铍0.1～0.2份、铼0.1～0.2份、钨0.1～0.3份、镓0.1～0.3份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：（2～4）：(0.06～0.13): (0.03～0.15): (0.03～0.10)；所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：二甲基乙酰胺70～80份、乙醇8～10份、聚酰胺酸7～9份、环烷酸钴2～4份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯1～3份、碳化硅5～10份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯8～14份、聚氨基树脂3～7份、尼龙6或尼龙12：3～6份、醋酸乙酯6～9份、醋酸丁酯1～2份、乙酸3～5份、云母10～15份、三氧化二铝1～1.5份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆4～6份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2～4份。
4.根据权利要求1或权利要求2或权利要求3所述的一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，其特征在于所述导体层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：铜25份、铝70份、硼3份、硅2份、锰1.5份、镁0.25份、银0.2份、锆0.15份、铬0.15份、锌0.45份、钇0.15份、钛0.3份、铍0.15份、铼0.15份、钨0.2份、镓0.2份，其中，按质量比，铜：铝：硼：硅：锰=1：2.8：0.12: 0.08: 0.06。
5.根据权利要求1或权利要求2或权利要求3所述的一种低电力损耗的干式变压器，其特征在于所述绝缘漆层按重量份计，由以下原材料构成：二甲基乙酰胺75份、乙醇9份、聚酰胺酸8份、环烷酸钴3份、对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯2份、碳化硅7.5份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯11份、聚氨基树脂5份、尼龙6或尼龙12：4.5份、醋酸乙酯4.5份、醋酸丁酯1.5份、乙酸4份、云母12.5份、三氧化二铝1.25份、型号为G60-95的防火清漆5份、二月桂酸二丁基锡3份。
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