CN105845018A - Highway tunnel ventilation system simulation platform building method and highway tunnel ventilation system simulation platform - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a highway tunnel ventilation system simulation platform building method which comprises the following steps: S1, determining the geometric similarity ratio, kinematic similarity ratio and dynamic similarity ratio between a tunnel prototype p and a simulation model m based on the principle of flow similarity; S2, setting the initial conditions of a tunnel prototype ventilation system based on a simulation objective; S3, establishing the similarity boundary conditions of a simulation platform based on S1 and S2; and analyzing the simulation platform and the tunnel prototype based on the critical Reynolds number to build the simulation platform. The invention further discloses a highway tunnel ventilation system simulation platform. Through the technical scheme of the invention, the problem that the existing highway tunnel ventilation physical model platform is of no general applicability or universality is solved, function extension is achieved, and highway tunnel fire physical model test under the ventilation mode can be conducted effectively.

Description

The emulation platform construction method of a kind of Highway Tunnel Ventilation System and emulation platform

Technical field

The present invention relates to vcehicular tunnel Simulation Application, particularly relate to emulation platform construction method and the emulation platform of a kind of big cross section Extra-long Highway Tunnel monocline well plenum ventilation system.

Background technology

Opening tunnel, drop of water highway watershed is separate type two-way six-lane speciality highway tunnel, Tunnel Right Line pile No. K46+618～K53+416, total length 6798 meters, left tunnel line pile No. ZK46+539.29～ZK53+430, total length 6890.71 meters.It is-3.12%/30.71m, 1.5%/6890.71m that left and right line vertical alignment is both designed as the left line gradient/length of grade, and the right line gradient/length of grade is-1.5%/6789m.This left tunnel line utilizes construction inclined shaft as ventilation shaft, uses ventilation shaft longitudinal pressure-suction ventilation；Right line uses pure fluidics blower fan longitudinal ventilation, if Fig. 7-1 is to shown in 7-3.

Owing to left and right, tunnel, watershed line is all close to 7000m, tunnel mileage is long, before and after traffic operating mode, difference is big the phase, in addition inexperienced in terms of China's Extra-long Highway Tunnel operation ventilation, the especially research in terms of multiple-unit longitudinal pressure-suction ventilation also lacks experiment, measured data, and the model investigation work carrying out operation ventilation and fire-fighting system hence around this engineering is the most necessary.A drop of water highway watershed permanent ventilation of tunnel technology and ventilation fire-fighting are carried out model investigation, by research diverse location, the ventilation situation of different wind speed, tunnel flow field flow velocity and flue-gas temperature range of scatter, simulate different fire locations simultaneously, under different wind speed, the temperature field in tunnel, the distribution of flue gas stream concentration and spreading range thereof, propose tunnel, watershed rational ventilation allocation plan.

Relative to numerical computations and the emulation of highway tunnel ventilation and fire-fighting, tunnel ventilation fire-fighting physical model test is the most less, and existing tunnel ventilation fire-fighting physical experiments is carried out for a certain concrete engineering mostly, does not have universality and versatility.Though numerical computations and emulation are achieved with rapid progress, but still being not enough to replace physical experiments, additionally numerical computations and emulation remain a need for physical experiments and on-the-spot test provides basic calculating parameter, its analysis result carried out checking etc. simultaneously.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide one more highly versatile, the emulation platform construction method of simulated effect more preferably big cross section Extra-long Highway Tunnel monocline well plenum ventilation system and emulation platform.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide emulation platform construction method and the emulation platform of a kind of big cross section Extra-long Highway Tunnel monocline well plenum ventilation system, to solve prior art does not have universality and versatility for vcehicular tunnel analog simulation, it is impossible to the problem accurately situation of actual vcehicular tunnel being simulated emulation.

For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention uses following technical proposals:

The emulation platform construction method of a kind of Highway Tunnel Ventilation System, the step of the method includes

Step S1, based on Similarity of Flow principle, determine geometric similarity ratio, kinematic similitude ratio and the dynamic similarity ratio of tunnel prototype p and phantom m；

Step S2, based on simulation objectives, set the initial condition of tunnel prototype ventilating system；

Step S3, based on step S1 and step S2, set up the similarity boundary condition of emulation platform；

Step S4, based on critical Reynolds number, emulation platform and tunnel prototype are analyzed, build emulation platform.

Preferably, described step S1 includes

S11, corresponding with phantom m for tunnel prototype p immeasurable schedule of proportion is shown as C_q, i.e. scale $C_q=\frac{q_p}{q_m};$

S12, setting up the geometric similarity scale of tunnel prototype p and phantom m, geometric similarity scale includes length l scale:Cross-sectional area A scale:Volume V scale:Wherein, l a certain lineal measure in being tunnel prototype；

S13, setting up the kinematic similarity scale of tunnel prototype p and phantom m, kinematic similarity scale includes motion pixel u scale:Time t scale:Acceleration a scale: $C_a=\frac{a_p}{a_m}=\frac{C_u}{C_t}=\frac{C_u^2}{C_l};$

S14, set up the scale of power F of the same name of the corresponding point of tunnel prototype p and phantom m, meet tunnel prototype p the most identical with the scale of the power of the Same Physical character of the corresponding point of phantom m simultaneously.

Preferably, described power F of the same name includes gravity F_G, viscous force F_μ, pressure F_p, elastic force F_E, surface tension F_T,

$C_F=\frac{F_{Gp}}{F_{Gm}}=\frac{F_{pp}}{F_{pm}}=\frac{F_{\mathrm{\μ}p}}{F_{\mathrm{\μ}m}}=\frac{F_{Ep}}{F_{Em}}=\frac{F_{Tp}}{F_{Tm}}=\frac{F_{Ip}}{F_{\mathrm{Im}}}.$

Preferably, in institute's step S2, initial condition includes

1) fluid is incompressible；

2) fluid be isothermal Flow of Single, fluid density and viscosity be definite value；

3) fluid flowing is in stationary flow, i.e. process fluid flow, and the pressure of any point and flow velocity not time to time change, i.e. pressure and flow velocity are the function of point coordinates；

4) fluid is continuous media；

5) law of conservation of energy is observed in fluid flowing.

Preferably, in simulation process, it is ensured that tunnel prototype and emulation platform are in same from mould district.

A kind of emulation platform of Highway Tunnel Ventilation System, this emulation platform include proportional to actual tunnel can vertical shaft air supply section, vertical shaft exhaustion section, burning zone, standard paragraphs and the jet segment of split dismounting/splicing；

Described vertical shaft air supply section, vertical shaft exhaustion section, burning zone and standard paragraphs are the space of the 3.19% of the latter half, inner space and fill the Lucite pipe of cement mortar；

Offer blowing shaft and air draft well, described downcast and air draft well on described vertical shaft air supply section and vertical shaft exhaustion section respectively and form the supply and exhaust system of gas channel；

Adhesive tape is arranged every 1 meter along the inwall of described vertical shaft air supply section, vertical shaft exhaustion section and the equal axial direction of standard paragraphs；Described burning zone has been applied ointment or plaster flexible asbestos board and sheet iron on the inner-walls of duct that cement mortar is not filled successively；

Described burning zone, vertical shaft air supply section and vertical shaft air draft segment length are 0.5 meter；Described standard paragraphs includes the standard paragraphs of tri-kinds of length of 0.5m, 1m and 2m respectively；

The a length of 2m of described jet segment, is provided with blower fan and is placed in this emulation platform two ends.

Preferably, at the non-burning section of the emulation platform overlapped by simulated condition, 24 it are provided with for the section measuring the internal simulated environment parameter of emulation platform；Described simulated environment parameter includes rate of flow of fluid, pressure, CO concentration and temperature.

Preferably, the total length of this platform is 15m, and horizontal section geometric proportion is 1:50, axial geometric proportion 1:100；

Described adhesive tape pastes the inwall that fills in the non-cement mortar of described Lucite pipe one week every 1m hoop vertically, and described tape width is 3-6cm.

Preferably, described 24 Measure section include

5 are tested the speed and pressure measurement section, and this section is provided with total head meter 3；

2 CO measurement of concetration sections, this section is provided with CO gas detecting and alarming instrument；

17 temperature survey sections, 32 temperature measuring points are set in 17 sections, wherein, measure point for 17 and be arranged at the vault in Lucite pipe 1 road of burning things which may cause a fire disaster upstream and downstream, measure point for 15 and be fixed at the differing heights of tunnel center position of burning things which may cause a fire disaster upstream and downstream.

Preferably, described 15 measurement points utilize 3 thermocouple trees to be fixed in 3 in described 17 temperature survey sections.

Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:

Technical scheme of the present invention uses the universal test platform of advanced combination type design concept exploitation, this platform is by vertical shaft air supply section, vertical shaft exhaustion section, the combination of standard paragraphs and jet segment can carry out pure fluidics, concentrate and send into, vertical shaft is pressed into, vertical shaft sucking-off and vertical shaft send the tunnel ventilation model test of the multiple longitudinal ventilation modes such as row, diverse location can be carried out additionally by the removable burning zone arranged in model tunnel, the tunnel fire test of different rates of heat release, solve the problem that Current Highway tunnel ventilation physical model platform does not have universality and versatility, extendable functions can effectively carry out the Tunnel Fire physical experiments under above-mentioned draft type simultaneously.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail；

Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic diagram of emulation platform constructing method of the present invention；

Fig. 2 illustrates the overall structure principle schematic of emulation platform of the present invention；

Fig. 3 illustrates the outward appearance sketch of emulation platform of the present invention；

Fig. 4 illustrates the diagrammatic sectional view of emulation platform of the present invention；

Fig. 5 illustrates the axial section sketch of emulation platform of the present invention

Fig. 6 illustrates the layout schematic diagram of thermocouple tree of the present invention；

Fig. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram in tunnel, drop of water highway watershed；

Fig. 8 illustrates a kind of overlap joint example of emulation platform of the present invention.

1, Lucite pipe, 2, cement mortar fill, 3, total head meter, 4, blowing shaft, 5, air draft well, 6, blowing shaft, 7, burning zone, 8, cement mortar fill and Lucite pipe intersection, 9, CO sensor suction pipe and thermocouple tree, 10, flexible asbestos board+sheet iron overcoat, 11, burning things which may cause a fire disaster, 12, thermocouple tree, 13, vertical shaft air supply section, 14, vertical shaft exhaustion section, 15, standard paragraphs, 16, jet segment.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to be illustrated more clearly that the present invention, below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described further.Parts similar in accompanying drawing are indicated with identical reference.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that following specifically described content is illustrative and be not restrictive, should not limit the scope of the invention with this.

As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses the emulation platform construction method of a kind of big cross section Extra-long Highway Tunnel monocline well plenum ventilation system, the method utilizes Similarity of Flow principle, learn physical quantity of the same name in two flowing corresponding point, such as lineal measure, speed, pressure, various pressure etc., should have respective proportionate relationship, geometric similarity, kinematic similitude and the dynamic similarity and the initial condition that meet two flowings are similar with boundary condition.The step of the method includes

Step S1, based on Similarity of Flow principle, determine geometric similarity ratio, kinematic similitude ratio and the dynamic similarity ratio of tunnel prototype p and phantom m；Described step S1 includes

S11, corresponding with phantom m for tunnel prototype p immeasurable schedule of proportion is shown as C_q, i.e. scale $C_q=\frac{q_p}{q_m};$

S12, setting up the geometric similarity scale of tunnel prototype p and phantom m, geometric similarity scale includes length l scale:Cross-sectional area A scale:Volume V scale:Wherein, l a certain lineal measure in being tunnel prototype；

S13, setting up the kinematic similarity scale of tunnel prototype p and phantom m, kinematic similarity scale includes motion pixel u scale:Time t scale:Acceleration a scale: $C_a=\frac{a_p}{a_m}=\frac{C_u}{C_t}=\frac{C_u^2}{C_l};$

S14, set up the scale of power F of the same name of the corresponding point of tunnel prototype p and phantom m, meet tunnel prototype p the most identical with the scale of the power of the Same Physical character of the corresponding point of phantom m simultaneously.

Preferably, described power F of the same name includes gravity F_G, viscous force F_μ, pressure F_p, elastic force F_E, surface tension F_T,

$C_F=\frac{F_{Gp}}{F_{Gm}}=\frac{F_{pp}}{F_{pm}}=\frac{F_{\mathrm{\μ}p}}{F_{\mathrm{\μ}m}}=\frac{F_{Ep}}{F_{Em}}=\frac{F_{Tp}}{F_{Tm}}=\frac{F_{Ip}}{F_{\mathrm{Im}}}.$

Step S2, based on simulation objectives, set the initial condition of tunnel prototype ventilating system；In institute's step S2, initial condition includes

1) fluid is incompressible；

2) fluid be isothermal Flow of Single, fluid density and viscosity be definite value；

3) fluid flowing is in stationary flow, i.e. process fluid flow, and the pressure of any point and flow velocity not time to time change, i.e. pressure and flow velocity are the function of point coordinates；

4) fluid is continuous media；

5) law of conservation of energy is observed in fluid flowing.

5, emulation platform construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in simulation process, it is ensured that tunnel prototype and emulation platform are in same from mould district.

Step S3, based on step S1 and step S2, set up the similarity boundary condition of emulation platform；

Step S4, based on critical Reynolds number, emulation platform and tunnel prototype are analyzed, build emulation platform.

Make a concrete analysis of as follows:

1, Similarity of Flow

Definition C_qRepresent the ratio of prototype physical quantity q corresponding with model, referred to as scale, it may be assumed that

$C_q=\frac{q_p}{q_m}---\left(1\right)$

1), geometric similarity

The lineal measure ratio that there is fixing proportionate relationship, i.e. prototype corresponding with model between the linear variable of two flowings is equal, then the two flowing is geometric similarity.

To represent a certain lineal measure, then there is a scale of length:

$C_l=\frac{l_p}{l_m}---\left(2\right)$

Thus can be derived from tunnel prototype and the scale of model tunnel cross-section area and volume ratio chi, be respectively as follows:

$C_A=\frac{A_p}{A_m}={\left(\frac{l_p}{l_m}\right)}^2---\left(3\right)$

$C_V=\frac{V_p}{V_m}={\left(\frac{l_p}{l_m}\right)}^3---\left(4\right)$

When, after selected geometric similarity ratio, according to the cross-sectional area of tunnel prototype, i.e. can determine that cross-sectional area and the volume in model tunnel.

2), kinematic similitude

Motion pixel refers to that the speed of fluid (distinguished and admirable with flue gas stream) is similar.I.e. refer to that two each corresponding point sizes that flow are fixed proportion C_u。

$C_u=\frac{u_p}{u_m}---\left(5\right)$

Flowing is difference quotient dl/dt of displacement versus time t, and time scale ratio is:

$C_t=\frac{t_p}{t_m}=\frac{C_l}{C_u}---\left(6\right)$

In like manner under conditions of kinematic similitude, in wind flow field, the acceleration scale of corresponding position fluid particle is:

$C_a=\frac{a_p}{a_m}=\frac{C_u}{C_t}=\frac{C_u^2}{C_l}---\left(7\right)$

3), dynamic similarity

Two flowing corresponding point position fluid particles are identical by the direction of power F of the same name, and the ratio of its size all becomes to fix ratio chi C_F, then claiming the two flowing is dynamic similarity.Power of the same name refers to the power with Same Physical character.Mainly there is gravity F_G, viscous force F_μ, pressure F_p, elastic force F_E, surface tension F_T, inertia force F_IDeng.

If acting on making a concerted effort on fluid particle to be not equal to zero, according to Newton's second law, fluid particle produces speed, according to rational mechanics reaches bright BELL'S THEOREM, introduce fluid particle inertia force, then all dynamic balances suffered by inertia force and particle, constitute seal force polygon in form, so, to may be characterized as again the seal force polygon of two similar flow correspondence particles similar for dynamic similarity.Assuming that two flowings have fluid similarity, the power of any particle on fluid that acts on has gravity F_G, viscous force F_μ, pressure F_p, elastic force F_E, surface tension F_T, inertia force F_IDeng, then two mobilization dynamics are similar just requires that following formula is set up:

$\frac{F_{Gp}}{F_{Gm}}=\frac{F_{pp}}{F_{pm}}=\frac{F_{\mathrm{\μ}p}}{F_{\mathrm{\μ}m}}=\frac{F_{Ep}}{F_{Em}}=\frac{F_{Tp}}{F_{Tm}}=\frac{F_{Ip}}{F_{\mathrm{Im}}}---\left(8\right)$

In formula, subscript p, m represent prototype and model respectively.

If two fluid similarities, then in two flowing corresponding point, physical quantity of the same name (such as lineal measure, speed, pressure, various power etc.) should have proportionate relationship, and geometric similarity, kinematic similitude and dynamic similarity and the initial condition that should meet two flowings are similar with boundary condition.Geometric similarity is kinematic similitude and the premise of dynamic similarity and foundation, and dynamic similarity is the leading factor determining two fluid similarities, and kinematic similitude is the performance of geometric similarity and dynamic similarity.Therefore, under geometric similarity premise, it is ensured that fluid similarity, dynamic similarity is mainly seen.

2, tunnel prototype ventilating system initial condition

In simulating model test designs, need to be according to the essence of studied phenomenon, catch the marginal influence factor of the overall situation, the factor occuping back burner, not affecting the overall situation is only used as similar guarantee or ignores, makes modelling result not produce bigger error.For highway tunnel ventilation simulating model test, therefore most of condition of similarity can be made to suppose as follows not as principal element:

(1) fluid is incompressible

(2) fluid be isothermal Flow of Single, fluid density and viscosity be definite value.

(3) fluid flowing is stationary flow

In process fluid flow, the pressure of any point and flow velocity not time to time change, i.e. pressure and flow velocity are the function of point coordinates.

(4) fluid is continuous media

(5) law of conservation of energy is observed in fluid flowing

When incompressible stationary flow fluid makees gradual change flowing in pipeline, its pressure and speed, along change (including friction loss) the obedience law of conservation of energy, referred to as Bernoulli's theorem of each section of flow process, represent with equation and are Bernoulli equation.

3, similarity criterion is chosen, similarity boundary condition

By assumed above, highway tunnel ventilation can be idealized as the pressure flow in pipe motion in gravitational field of the constant incompressible fluid of viscosity.The dynamic similarity condition of two running systems can have the Na Weiye of Dimensionless Form-RANS to derive, and sees below formula:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{\∂u^0}{\∂x^0}+\frac{\∂v^0}{\∂y^0}+\frac{\∂w^0}{\∂z^0}=0\\ \frac{\∂u^0}{\∂t^0}+u^0\frac{\∂u^0}{\∂x^0}+v^0\frac{\∂u^0}{\∂y^0}+w^0\frac{\∂u^0}{\∂z^0}=-{\mathrm{Fr}}^2\frac{\∂h^0}{\∂x^0}-\frac{\∂p^0}{\∂x^0}+\frac{1}{\mathrm{Re}}\[\frac{{\∂}^2{u}^0}{\∂{\left(x^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{u}^0}{\∂{\left(y^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{u}^0}{\∂{\left(z^0\right)}^2}\]\\ \frac{\∂v^0}{\∂t^0}+u^0\frac{\∂v^0}{\∂x^0}+v^0\frac{\∂v^0}{\∂y^0}+w^0\frac{\∂v^0}{\∂z^0}=-\frac{1}{{\mathrm{Fr}}^2}\frac{\∂h^0}{\∂y^0}-\frac{\∂p^0}{\∂y^0}+\frac{1}{\mathrm{Re}}\[\frac{{\∂}^2{v}^0}{\∂{\left(x^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{v}^0}{\∂{\left(y^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{v}^0}{\∂{\left(z^0\right)}^2}\]\\ \frac{\∂w^0}{\∂t^0}+u^0\frac{\∂w^0}{\∂x^0}+v^0\frac{\∂w^0}{\∂y^0}+w^0\frac{\∂w^0}{\∂z^0}=-\frac{1}{{\mathrm{Fr}}^2}\frac{\∂h^0}{\∂z^0}-\frac{\∂p^0}{\∂z^0}+\frac{1}{\mathrm{Re}}\[\frac{{\∂}^2{w}^0}{\∂{\left(x^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{w}^0}{\∂{\left(y^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{w}^0}{\∂{\left(z^0\right)}^2}\]\end{array}\right.---\left(9\right)$

Above formula does not draw additional condition of similarity.

If the non dimensional coefficient of two geometric similarity systems has identical value, then formula (9) will provide identical solution to two systems, therefore incompressible viscous fluid be used as power in gravitational field similar movement time two systems of common demands there is identical Froude number (Fr) and Reynolds number (Re).

In the equation of motion, it is acceleration, viscosity and the synthesis result of gravity generation dynamic effect that pressure changes.For the isodensity fluid in closed system, action of gravity simply causes super static pressure distribution, is superimposed upon on the variable pressure caused by other active force.The definition of closed system is: fluid is all regarded as infinitely-great system by the cingens system of fixed boundary or fluid range.The former is probably a closed conduct, and the latter can be the low-speed motion of the object being immersed in gas.Highway tunnel ventilation belongs to submergence and the low-speed motion in gas.For the flowing in closed system, if motion transfers to suddenly static, pressure should be distributed by hydrostatics rule.At this point it is possible to pressure gauge is shown as two parts sum:

P=p_d+p_s (10)

Wherein, p_sBy hydrostatics (p_s+ γ h)=constant determines, and p_dIt it is the part embodying " dynamic effect ".Constant value is only the most relevant with datum level selection.Formula (10) is substituted into Na Weiye-RANS, eliminates gravity item, and pressure term is converted toThen formula (9) rewritable one-tenth:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{\∂u^0}{\∂x^0}+\frac{\∂v^0}{\∂y^0}+\frac{\∂w^0}{\∂z^0}=0\\ \frac{\∂u^0}{\∂t^0}+u^0\frac{\∂u^0}{\∂x^0}+v^0\frac{\∂u^0}{\∂y^0}+w^0\frac{\∂u^0}{\∂z^0}=-\frac{\∂p_d^0}{\∂x^0}+\frac{1}{\mathrm{Re}}\[\frac{{\∂}^2{u}^0}{\∂{\left(x^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{u}^0}{\∂{\left(y^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{u}^0}{\∂{\left(z^0\right)}^2}\]\\ \frac{\∂v^0}{\∂t^0}+u^0\frac{\∂v^0}{\∂x^0}+v^0\frac{\∂v^0}{\∂y^0}+w^0\frac{\∂v^0}{\∂z^0}=-\frac{\∂p_d^0}{\∂y^0}+\frac{1}{\mathrm{Re}}\[\frac{{\∂}^2{v}^0}{\∂{\left(x^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{v}^0}{\∂{\left(y^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{v}^0}{\∂{\left(z^0\right)}^2}\]\\ \frac{\∂w^0}{\∂t^0}+u^0\frac{\∂w^0}{\∂x^0}+v^0\frac{\∂w^0}{\∂y^0}+w^0\frac{\∂w^0}{\∂z^0}=-\frac{\∂p_d^0}{\∂z^0}+\frac{1}{\mathrm{Re}}\[\frac{{\∂}^2{w}^0}{\∂{\left(x^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{w}^0}{\∂{\left(y^0\right)}^2}+\frac{{\∂}^2{w}^0}{\∂{\left(z^0\right)}^2}\]\end{array}\right.---\left(11\right)$

Above formula shows, make incompressible fluid dynamic similarity in the closed system of two geometric similarities, the Reynolds number only needing these two systems is identical, therefore represents that the Reynolds criterion (Reynolds criterion) of internal friction similarity relation is vcehicular tunnel prototype uniquely the shape criterion similar to air-flow in model.

Incompressible fluid in the closed system of geometric similarity, only two system Reynolds numbers of need are identical just can meet all condition of similarity.For highway tunnel ventilation simulating model test, the fluid media (medium) of two systems is air, and the two system temperature difference are less, minimum, so ignoring the temperature contrast of two systems, it is believed that two system temperatures are equal on result of the test impact, it may be assumed that

ρ_p=ρ_m=ρ (12)

μ_p=μ_m=μ (13)

The Reynolds number making model and prototype two system is equal:

$R_{ep}=\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_p{v}_{0p}{L}_p}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_p}=R_{em}=\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_m{v}_{0m}{L}_m}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_m}---\left(14\right)$

Formula (12) and formula (13) are substituted into above formula obtain:

v_0pL_p=v_0mL_m (15)

$C_l=\frac{L_p}{L_m}=\frac{v_{0m}}{v_{0p}}=\frac{1}{C_v}---\left(16\right)$

Subscript p, m in formula represent prototype and model respectively.

Being obtained by formula (16), as made model equal with the Reynolds number of prototype, then model and prototype speed are the model prototype length inverses than chi than chi.When model reduces n times than prototype, then in model, wind speed is n times of prototype wind speed.When Reynolds number is bigger in prototype, model being accomplished, identical Reynolds number is highly difficult.In the case of high reynolds number, model flow velocity just reaches very objectively numerical value, and the blower fan of laboratory is difficult to this flow velocity, even if strengthening power of fan to meet flow rates demand, now compressibility of fluid may reach the degree can not ignore.In order to make, prototype, model analog simulation are proud to be carried out, the method generally using approximative modelling.According to Ni Gulazi in 1933, the result of study of the fluid flow test that the artificial pipe (six kinds of relative roughness) scribbling different sand grains on inside pipe wall is carried out is shown; viscous fluid has self moulding; when reynolds number Re big the most to a certain extent time; the reynolds number Re of prototype is within mould district; resistance is similar, and to be not required for reynolds number Re equal; then model Reynolds number Re just need not be equal with prototype reynolds number Re, i.e. reynolds number Re nothing to do with, and this flow behavior is referred to as " self-modeling state ".In the region, owing to resistance coefficient is not affected by reynolds number Re size, model Reynolds number Re need not be equal with reynolds number Re, as long as being in the same fluid similarity that just can automatically ensure from mould district with prototype.

For viscous fluid flow, by the numerical value of its critical Reynolds number Re be divided into first from mould district and second from mould district.During viscous fluid flow, reynolds number Re is referred to as first from mould district more than scope during the first marginal value.During viscous fluid flow, when reynolds number Re is more than the second marginal value, rate of flow of fluid distribution, flow regime no longer change, and the most similar, and unrelated with reynolds number Re, referred to as second from mould district.During test, the reynolds number Re when prototype is in mould district, as long as ensureing that model and prototype are in same from mould district, just the reynolds number Re without requiring model and prototype is equal, so can be greatly reduced power of fan, reduce model cost and meet requirement of similarity, bringing convenience for highway tunnel ventilation Study on simulation model.

As shown in Figure 2, the present invention further discloses the emulation platform of a kind of big cross section Extra-long Highway Tunnel monocline well plenum ventilation system, this emulation platform include proportional to actual tunnel can vertical shaft air supply section 13, vertical shaft exhaustion section 14, burning zone 7, standard paragraphs 15 and the jet segment 16 of split dismounting/splicing；Described vertical shaft air supply section 13, vertical shaft exhaustion section 14, burning zone 7 and standard paragraphs 15 are the space of the 3.19% of inner space lower part and fill the Lucite pipe 1 of cement mortar.Blowing shaft 4 and air draft well 5 is offered respectively on described vertical shaft air supply section 13 and vertical shaft exhaustion section 14, described standard paragraphs 15 is symmetricly set in short-track section of center of vertical shaft the air supply section 13 and vertical shaft exhaustion section 14 with air draft well 5 with blowing shaft 4, the most whole model is symmetrical in short-track center, wherein, short-track center is the center of the tunnel paragraph between blowing shaft 4 and air draft well 5；Described downcast 4 and air draft well 5 form the supply and exhaust system of gas channel.Described jet segment 16 is arranged in model two ends, and it installs blower fan.All on the inwall of axial direction, adhesive tape is arranged every 1 meter along described vertical shaft air supply section 13, vertical shaft exhaustion section 14 and standard paragraphs 7, and paste the inwall that fills in the non-cement mortar of described Lucite pipe one week, described tape width is 3-6cm, the adhesive faces of this adhesive tape is in the face of the air delivery duct of Lucite pipe, deviate from Lucite pipe inwall, the purpose arranging this adhesive tape is that tunnel surface adds rough process, model frictional resistant coefficient is made to increase to 0.025, consistent with tunnel prototype frictional resistant coefficient；In this programme, preferred tape width is 4cm.Apply ointment or plaster successively on the inwall of the lucite glass pipe that described burning zone 7 does not fills in cement mortar flexible asbestos board and sheet iron, to avoid burning zone 7 lucite glass high temperature deformation.In this programme, described burning zone 7 inwall need not tape, and flexible asbestos board and sheet iron are all arranged along burning zone entire axial length, asbestos board upper, sheet iron under.Described burning zone 7, vertical shaft air supply section 13 and vertical shaft exhaustion section 14 are long is 0.5 meter；Described standard paragraphs 15 includes sliceable section of tri-different lengths of 0.5m, 1m and 2m；The a length of 2m of described jet segment 16, is provided with blower fan and is placed in these emulation platform two ends to meet the splicing of tunnel model, form air-supply source.In this programme, the ratio according to emulation platform Yu actual tunnel makes vertical shaft air supply section 13 and the vertical shaft exhaustion section 14 position in model platform, according to the ratio of actual tunnel the size corresponding blowing shaft of fabrication design 4 and air draft well 5 on vertical shaft air supply section 13 and vertical shaft exhaustion section 14, the a length of 15m of this Lucite pipe 1, laterally section geometric proportion is 1:50, and axial geometric proportion is 1:100.As shown in Figure 8, in this programme, can be according to actual fire working to be imitated, the position that burning zone 7 is assembled into requirement with vertical shaft air supply section 13, vertical shaft exhaustion section 14 and standard paragraphs 15 flexibly is formed new fire working, need not and imitate fire working when, may utilize standard paragraphs 15 replace the position of burning zone 7, the emulation platform in tunnel when making this emulation platform form normal ventilation state.The present invention uses circular food tray as test burning things which may cause a fire disaster, and test controls fire scale by increase and decrease 93# gasoline every time.In figure, black round dot is thermocouple assay point, and in figure, rectangle grid is CO test point and arranges CO sensor.

24 measuring sections are arranged along longitudinal non-cement mortar place of filling on the Lucite pipe 1 of the non-burning section of emulation platform of the present invention, wherein, 5 sections be utilize total head meter 3 to test the speed, pressure measurement, these total head meters 3 lay respectively at burning things which may cause a fire disaster downstream 0.5m, 3.0m, 5.5m and 2.5m, 5m tunnel, upstream center position, are 5cm away from tunnel floor height；Two CO concentration monitor points, are respectively arranged tunnel center position at 15cm and 30cm of burning things which may cause a fire disaster downstream, are 3.6cm away from tunnel floor height；32 temperature monitoring points are distributed on 17 measuring sections, wherein 17 vaults being arranged in burning things which may cause a fire disaster upstream and downstream, i.e. along 17 measuring sections of vault, at 15 tunnel center position differing heights being arranged in burning things which may cause a fire disaster upstream and downstream, three galvanic couple trees are divided to arrange, within 3 measuring sections belong to 17 measuring sections.

The JCYB-2000A total head meter 3 (intelligent pressure wind speed Air Flow Rate Instrument) that the present invention selects Shanghai Reynolds instrument Science and Technology Ltd. to produce joins pitot tube test bed Lucite pipe 1 interior flow field wind speed and pressure, design the most exquisite, impact when arranging inside physical model produced physical similarity pilot system interior flow field is negligible, and this test instrunment can normally use in less than 800 degrees Celsius environment of high temperature, thus ensure that and also be able to normal reading when fire working is tested；Under fire working, GT901 Series Intelligent gas detecting and alarming instrument (CO) selecting Shenzhen Cole promise Electronic Science and Technology Co., Ltd. to produce tests Lucite pipe 1 inside smoke stream CO concentration；At testing stand key position, (in burning things which may cause a fire disaster upstream 1m to downstream 2m interval), smoke layer height measured by spaced set rule, if special messenger uses video camera that smoke diffusion is carried out record every 30s；Choose one, burning things which may cause a fire disaster upstream section in a left side (right) line model tunnel, two, downstream section, the special vertical distribution making 3 thermocouple trees measurement hot smoke layer temperature, the thermocouple probe of varying number it is provided with on every thermocouple tree, spacing between probe is 0.03m or 0.05m, every thermocouple removes probe positions and is all adhesively fixed on the measurement bar of a diameter of 2mm with resistant to elevated temperatures tinfoil adhesive tape, measure bar to be perpendicularly fixed on model tunnel inverted arch through the most prefabricated aperture at vault, thermocouple diameter

2mm, a length of 15mm, use the special wire of high temperature resistant 400 degrees Celsius；Arranging a number of thermocouple in order to measure temperature at a certain distance from model tunnel vault distance burning things which may cause a fire disaster, as shown in Figure 6, the port of each thermocouple couples with 16 road temperature patrol inspection Acquisition Instruments, by patrolling and examining Acquisition Instrument collection each point temperature.

This simulating model test platform is respectively disposed with a Fans in the jet segment 16 of the inlet and outlet in inclined shaft blowing shaft 4, air draft well 5 and tunnel, and be that the EV500 magnetic flux vector converter that Nanjing Oulu Electric Transmission Co., Ltd. that every Fans outfit power is identical produces controls to realize four Fans air quantity and the accurate of blast, reach model similar to the height of motion to prototype power.

Below by one group of embodiment, the present invention will be further described:

Select ratio as shown in table 1 using watershed Extra-long Highway Tunnel ventilating system and fire-fighting as the present embodiment scene:

The likelihood ratio of the table 1 tunnel each physical quantity of simulating model test system

This emulation platform is along longitudinally arranging 24 measuring sections altogether, wherein, 5 sections are to utilize total head meter 3 to test the speed, pressure measurement (lays respectively at burning things which may cause a fire disaster downstream 0.5m, 3.0m, 5.5m and upstream 2.5m, at 5m tunnel center position, it is 5cm away from tunnel floor height), two CO concentration monitor points (are respectively arranged tunnel center position at 15cm and 30cm of burning things which may cause a fire disaster downstream, it is 3.6cm away from tunnel floor height), 32 temperature monitoring points are distributed on 17 measuring sections, wherein 17 are arranged on burning things which may cause a fire disaster, the vault (i.e. along 17 measuring sections of vault) in downstream, 15 are arranged on burning things which may cause a fire disaster, at the tunnel center position differing heights in downstream, (point three galvanic couple trees are arranged, within 3 measuring sections belong to 17 measuring sections).It addition, identical with prototype in order to ensure Physical Simulation Platform friction loss coefficient, longitudinally use adhesive tape, by 1 meter equidistant, Lucite pipe 1 inner surface is added rough process along tunnel.Prototype is as shown in table 2 with the tunnel size of main body of emulation platform.

Tunnel, table 2 watershed prototype and the member and main geometric of emulation platform

Test instrument system is mainly made up of JCYB-2000A total head meter 3 (intelligent pressure wind speed Air Flow Rate Instrument), GT901 Series Intelligent gas detecting and alarming instrument (carbon monoxide), thermocouple and XMD-100 type monitoring temperature logging etc., is the applicable test instrunment carrying out tunnel ventilation and fire-fighting Research on Simulation Platform.

(1) JCYB-2000A total head meter 3

Tunnel ventilation physics and fire-fighting Physical Simulation Platform interior flow field wind speed and stress test instrument select the JCYB-2000A total head meter 3 (intelligent pressure wind speed Air Flow Rate Instrument) that Shanghai Reynolds instrument Science and Technology Ltd. produces, this instrument is a kind of multi-functional measuring instrument of high stable, it is applicable to wind speed air quantity malleation, negative pressure and the measurement of differential pressure of gas, Shi Ge environmental monitoring station, laboratory, medical and health, building air conditioning heating, ventilation, dust free room test or the preferable instrument of nominal pressure, mixing pitot tube can direct reading measurement gas flow rate and air quantity.Need especially it is emphasised that, the supporting pitot tube diameter of JCYB-2000A total head meter 3 that the said firm produces only has 6mm, the smallest and the most exquisite, impact when arranging inside emulation platform produced physical similarity pilot system interior flow field is negligible, and this test instrunment can normally use in less than 800 degrees Celsius environment of high temperature, thus ensure that and also be able to the normal number of degrees when fire working is tested.

(2) GT901 Series Intelligent gas detecting and alarming instrument (carbon monoxide CO)

Physical Simulation Platform inside smoke flow carbon monoxide concentration selects Shenzhen Cole promise electronics technology to have

GT901 Series Intelligent gas detecting and alarming instrument (carbon monoxide) test that limit company produces, this alarm is the intrinsically safe equipment of carbonomonoxide concentration in a continuous detecting surrounding air, instrument uses carbon monoxide transducer and the microcontroller technology of the world-renowned sensor manufacturer of import, fast response time, certainty of measurement is high, stability and reproducible, overall performance occupy in top standard, parameters user can customize setting, simple to operate.Internal employing Large Copacity ni-mh chargeable lithium battery, super long standby time；Surface Mounting Technology encapsulates, the most attractive in appearance；Digital LCD backlight liquid crystal screen shows, clear and intuitive；There are two grades of sound and light of alarm, to preset alarm concentration can in time, accurately, alarm intuitively；Instrument outward appearance uses special high intensity ABS engineering plastics, fashion configuration design, attractive in appearance, good hand touch, durable.Instrument has recovery and dispatches from the factory default setting function, and operation and maintenance is convenient, greatly meets industry spot and the laboratory experiment safety monitoring requirement to equipment high reliability.The built-in forced inspiratory pump opened and closed of GT901 Series Intelligent gas detecting and alarming instrument (CO), and join outward connection flexible pipe, probe and condensing tube (being used for measuring high-temperature gas).

(3) smoke diffusion speed and flue gas layer thickness measure

Smoke layer height is measured, and arranges rule at crucial or location of interest, after fire occurs, with video camera, smoke diffusion is carried out record, sets special messenger simultaneously again and carries out estimating record according to set labelling every 30s, records tunnel fire disaster fume spread condition.

(4) Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature

In fire test, make 3 thermocouple trees specially for measuring in the vertical distribution test of hot smoke layer temperature, namely three sections have measured in choosing tunnel, arrange a section, downstream setting in burning things which may cause a fire disaster upstream

Two sections.Because this time the fire scale of test is less, affecting being limited in scope in tunnel, mainly study the change of burning things which may cause a fire disaster temperature field surrounding, three selected Measure section are all proximate near burning things which may cause a fire disaster.The thermocouple probe of varying number it is provided with on every thermocouple tree, the spacing between the probe of position according to section distance burning things which may cause a fire disaster is 0.03m or 0.05m, every thermocouple removes probe positions and is all adhesively fixed on the iron bar of a diameter of 2mm with resistant to elevated temperatures tinfoil adhesive tape, and iron bar is perpendicularly fixed on tunnel inverted arch through the most prefabricated aperture at tunnel vault.In test, all thermocouples are the special processing of producer, thermocouple diameter 2mm, a length of 15mm, additionally for preventing high temperature in process of the test from adversely affecting thermocouple wire, and then affect temperature data acquisition, use the special wire of high temperature resistant 400 degrees Celsius.The regularity of distribution that during in order to study fire working, temperature is longitudinal along tunnel, arranges a number of thermocouple in order to measure temperature, to study the regularity of distribution of temperature at a certain distance from tunnel vault distance burning things which may cause a fire disaster.In test, the port of each thermocouple and 16 tunnels are patrolled and examined Acquisition Instrument and are coupled, and gather each point temperature by patrolling and examining Acquisition Instrument.

(5) dynamical system

Physical simulation experiment system arranges 4 Fans altogether, is respectively arranged vertical shaft blowing shaft 4, vertical shaft air draft well 5 and tunnel model outlet and porch is used as axial flow fan, exhaust blower and jet blower and uses.Pilot system use two tablecloths be placed in the main air blower simulation centralized arrangement at emulation platform two ends, tunnel in the boosting effect of the jet blower of entry and exit, tunnel.This two Fans can realize speed governing after Frequency Conversion Modification, thus can realize the simulation to same jet blower startup group number.Additionally for blast, wind speed, temperature field and the regularity of distribution of flue gas flow field, the flow field situation of short-track section in tunnel emulation platform under the different operating mode of research, also it is necessary the blower fan of simulation vertical shaft supply and exhaust is carried out Frequency Conversion Modification.For accurately controlling air quantity and the blast of four Fans, being respectively equipped with the EV500 magnetic flux vector converter that Nanjing Oulu Electric Transmission Co., Ltd. of equal-wattage produces for it, the regulation of this frequency converter frequency can be accurate to arithmetic point two digits.

(6) burning zone 7 and burning things which may cause a fire disaster are arranged

This test platform uses the design philosophy of composite assembly, and i.e. in simulation tunnel, the burning zone 7 of burning things which may cause a fire disaster can form a kind of new operating mode by any position of sound production in whole emulation platform.Heat according to the release of pre-stage test burning things which may cause a fire disaster can make 1 section of top of Lucite pipe that thermal deformation occurs, and therefore burning zone 7 need to be carried out protective treatment during test, and overcoat selects flexible asbestos board and sheet iron after investigative test for several times.The circular food tray of employing, as test burning things which may cause a fire disaster, fills the 93# gasoline of 6 milliliters every time during test.

According to watershed Extra-long Highway Tunnel shape and the requirement of lining cutting characteristic, set up tunnel, the watershed emulation platform of transverse section 1:50 drawdown ratio chi, this platform is formed by 1 section of assembling combination of Lucite pipe of difference in functionality, Lucite pipe 1 section can be divided into following four classes, i.e. standard ventilation section, jet blower equivalence boosting section, vertical shaft air blowing function section, vertical shaft air-exhausting function section, burning zone 7 according to function.When simulating vertical shaft and jet blower synergy when the ventilation of tunnel normal operation and fire working, the Lucite pipe 1 section utilizing above-mentioned three kinds of functions is combined into tunnel ventilation and fire-fighting emulation platform, when simulating left line, vertical shaft supply and exhaust function enables simultaneously, when simulating right line, the most do not enable vertical shaft supply and exhaust functional section.For ease of observing fire and smoke spread situation, the 1 section of simulation of tunnel emulation platform main employing Lucite pipe, pipe interior is by laying bed course, approximate the section configuration close to actual tunnel, tunnel internal air quantity provides by being arranged in four variable ratio frequency changer blower fans of vertical shaft air outlet, vertical shaft exhaust outlet and tunnel exit and porch, so can realization air feed position and the wind supply quantity impact on tunnel flow field, temperature field and flue gas flow field.Thermocouple, gas detector and total head meter 3, point fire working and two kinds of situations of non-fire working are set at inner tube segment diverse location and carry out physical modeling.The standard ventilation section of an a length of 0.5m in tunnel ventilation Physical Simulation Platform short-track section is replaced into burning zone 7 or burning zone 7 is placed in other positions can form the watershed tunnel fire hazard emulation platform under different operating mode.

Watershed Extra-long Highway Tunnel ventilates and after the assembling of fire-fighting Physical Simulation Platform, stability and reliability for inspection Physical Simulation Platform bulk testing system under actual working conditions, according to highway tunnel ventilation emulation platform test requirements document, JP has opened up the key property testing experiment of Physical Simulation Platform, tests wind speed stability test, friction loss ratio test, the test of jet blower equivalent action, dynamical system test etc. including total head meter 3.

(1) wind speed test stabilization time tested by total head meter 3

In order to avoid wind speed tester device is to the disturbance of wind flow field in tunnel emulation platform, it is ensured that accurately measure wind speed, this test is elite measures the wind speed of specified point in emulation platform with the JCYB-2000A type total head meter 3 of supporting miniature pitot tube.Measuring No. 1 point, i.e. tunnel portal end apart from short-track center model distance when vertical shaft blowing and discharging fan, two ends, tunnel jet blower work by predetermined power at different time is 2.5m for 2m and the wind speed of No. 5 points, i.e. tunnel exit end apart from short-track center model distance.The most basicly stable by the reading of total head meter 3 after testing 15 seconds, this test reads the surveyed wind speed of total head meter 3 after general 30s after fan frequency conversion regulates, now the airflow field within tunnel emulation platform the most fully develops, the change of dynamical system can accurately be reflected, therefore choosing of this test total head meter 3 reading duration is rational.

(2) emulation platform friction drag ratio test

Emulation platform wall friction drag coefficient friction drag coefficient test result between about 0.025 fuctuation within a narrow range, 1, No. 2 measuring points chosen in emulation platform in tunnel, watershed is that between 0.02538,4, No. 5 measuring points, friction drag coefficient test result is 0.02497.According to above-mentioned result of the test, watershed Extra-long Highway Tunnel ventilates and fire-fighting emulation platform frictional resistant coefficient is more or less the same, need not adjust again, illustrate that the on-way resistance of tunnel emulation platform has reached resistance requirement of similarity, tunnel emulation platform can ensure with prototype fluid similarity.

(3) jet blower equivalent action test

The practical situation of the almost equal jet blower group of quantity is configured in view of tunnel's entrance and exit end, the air quantity that the wind speed that natural ventilation pressure and traffic piston blast cause is produced in emulation platform by the two ends certain rotating speed of coaxial blower fan in tunnel emulation platform embodies, and the coaxial blower fan in emulation platform two ends, tunnel respectively undertakes the boosting of 1.4m/s.In test, emulation platform port of export blower fan frequency is 50Hz full rotating speed operation, the coaxial blower fan of emulation platform inducer and send discharge pipe blower fan all to close the stopping time, the sectional wind velocity of measuring point is 5.262m/s, in this wind speed and 26 jet blowers of this section rise the Tunnel that pressure, natural ventilation pressure and traffic Piston Action Wind pressure superposition cause, wind speed 5.28m/s is closer to, it can be considered that the coaxial blower fan of the emulation platform port of export can the situation of more real simulation tunnel prototype.The coaxial blower fan of emulation platform inducer also can realize 24 jet blowers by VFC and rise pressure, natural ventilation pressure and the superposition of traffic piston blast.

(4) dynamical system test

Upcast ventilation pipe friction drag effect is added through two-stage reducing deflation neck from fan outlet to emulation platform furred ceiling air delivery duct, tunnel 6, when the tunnel emulation platform full rotating speed of air-supply coaxial pipes blower fan runs, air delivery duct 6 air outlet velocity only has 19.8m/s after tested, the smooth one-faced tapes of external application is processed to reduce reducing pass-out local resistance by plasticine filling, air delivery duct 6 air outlet velocity increases to 23.7m/s, this velocity amplitude is close to prototype air delivery duct 6, tunnel muzzle velocity, select YWR2E-200 type coaxial pipes blower fan simulation tunnel air-supply inclined shaft axial flow blower can meet the requirement of tunnel ventilation emulation platform test.When the tunnel emulation platform full rotating speed of air-supply coaxial pipes blower fan runs, exhaust outlet wind speed is 9.56m/s after tested, the coaxial pipes blower fan of rear simulation air draft exhaust outlet wind speed after variable frequency adjustment is down to 6.53m/s, therefore selects YWR2E-160 type coaxial pipes matched with blower converter simulation tunnel air draft inclined shaft axial flow blower can meet the requirement of tunnel ventilation emulation platform test.For accurately controlling the air quantity of four Fans in emulation platform pilot system, two pipeline fans (simulation tunnel two ends jet blower group), two coaxial pipes blower fans (simulation inclined shaft send row's axial flow blower) are respectively adopted the Frequency Converter Control of corresponding power, fundamental property test and follow-up ventilation simulation platform test show that this converter can make blower fan wind speed change between 0m/s and maximum wind velocity, and wind speed, air quantity can be made in arbitrfary point stable, so four converters all can meet tunnel ventilation and imitate emulation platform test requirements document.

Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for clearly demonstrating example of the present invention; and it is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot all of embodiment be given exhaustive, every belong to obvious change that technical scheme extended out or the variation row still in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the emulation platform construction method of a Highway Tunnel Ventilation System, it is characterised in that the method Step includes

Step S1, based on Similarity of Flow principle, determine the geometric similarity of tunnel prototype p and phantom m Ratio, kinematic similitude ratio and dynamic similarity ratio；

Step S2, based on simulation objectives, set the initial condition of tunnel prototype ventilating system；

Step S3, based on step S1 and step S2, set up the similarity boundary condition of emulation platform；

Step S4, based on critical Reynolds number, emulation platform and tunnel prototype are analyzed, build emulation flat Platform.

Emulation platform construction method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step S1 Including

S11, corresponding with phantom m for tunnel prototype p immeasurable schedule of proportion is shown as C_q, i.e. scale $C_q=\frac{q_p}{q_m};$

S12, set up the geometric similarity scale of tunnel prototype p and phantom m, geometric similarity sex ratio Chi includes length l scale:Cross-sectional area A scale:Volume V ratio Example chi:Wherein, l a certain lineal measure in being tunnel prototype；

S13, set up the kinematic similarity scale of tunnel prototype p and phantom m, kinematic similitude sex ratio Chi includes motion pixel u scale:Time t scale:Acceleration a ratio Example chi: $C_a=\frac{a_p}{a_m}=\frac{C_u}{C_t}=\frac{C_u^2}{C_l};$

S14, set up the scale of power F of the same name of the corresponding point of tunnel prototype p and phantom m, simultaneously Meet tunnel prototype p the most identical with the scale of the power of the Same Physical character of the corresponding point of phantom m.

Emulation platform construction method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described power F of the same name Including gravity F_G, viscous force F_μ, pressure F_p, elastic force F_E, surface tension F_T,

$C_F=\frac{F_{Gp}}{F_{Gm}}=\frac{F_{pp}}{F_{pm}}=\frac{F_{\mathrm{\μ}p}}{F_{\mathrm{\μ}m}}=\frac{F_{Ep}}{F_{Em}}=\frac{F_{Tp}}{F_{Tm}}=\frac{F_{Ip}}{F_{\mathrm{Im}}}.$

Emulation platform construction method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in institute's step S2 Initial condition includes

1) fluid is incompressible；

2) fluid be isothermal Flow of Single, fluid density and viscosity be definite value；

3) fluid flowing is in stationary flow, i.e. process fluid flow, and the pressure of any point and flow velocity are the most at any time Between and change, i.e. pressure and flow velocity is the function of point coordinates；

4) fluid is continuous media；

5) law of conservation of energy is observed in fluid flowing.

Emulation platform construction method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in simulation process, Ensure that tunnel prototype and emulation platform are in same from mould district.

6. the emulation platform of a Highway Tunnel Ventilation System, it is characterised in that this emulation platform include with What actual tunnel was proportional can the split dismounting/vertical shaft air supply section of splicing, vertical shaft exhaustion section, burning zone, mark Quasi-section and jet segment；

Described vertical shaft air supply section, vertical shaft exhaustion section, burning zone and standard paragraphs are the latter half, inner space The Lucite pipe of cement mortar is filled in the space of 3.19%；

Blowing shaft and air draft well, described downcast is offered respectively on described vertical shaft air supply section and vertical shaft exhaustion section With the supply and exhaust system that air draft well forms gas channel；

Every 1 meter of cloth along the inwall of described vertical shaft air supply section, vertical shaft exhaustion section and the equal axial direction of standard paragraphs Put adhesive tape；Described burning zone has been applied ointment or plaster flexible asbestos board on the inner-walls of duct that cement mortar is not filled successively And sheet iron；

Described burning zone, vertical shaft air supply section and vertical shaft air draft segment length are 0.5 meter；Described standard paragraphs wraps respectively Include the standard paragraphs of tri-kinds of length of 0.5m, 1m and 2m；

The a length of 2m of described jet segment, is provided with blower fan and is placed in this emulation platform two ends.

Emulation platform the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that overlapping by simulated condition Emulation platform non-burning section at be provided with 24 for measuring the disconnected of the internal simulated environment parameter of emulation platform Face；Described simulated environment parameter includes rate of flow of fluid, pressure, CO concentration and temperature.

Emulation platform the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that

The total length of this platform is 15m, and horizontal section geometric proportion is 1:50, axial geometric proportion 1:100；

Described adhesive tape is pasted every 1m hoop vertically and is filled in the non-cement mortar of described Lucite pipe Inwall one week, described tape width is 3-6cm.

Emulation platform the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described 24 Measure section bags Include

5 are tested the speed and pressure measurement section, and this section is provided with total head meter 3；

2 CO measurement of concetration sections, this section is provided with CO gas detecting and alarming instrument；

17 temperature survey sections, arrange 32 temperature measuring points, wherein, 17 in 17 sections Measure point and be arranged at the vault in Lucite pipe 1 road of burning things which may cause a fire disaster upstream and downstream, measure point for 15 and fix At the differing heights of the tunnel center position of burning things which may cause a fire disaster upstream and downstream.

Emulation platform the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that measure some profit for described 15 It is fixed in 3 in described 17 temperature survey sections with 3 thermocouple trees.