CN105842265A - Surface treatment method of damage below machining face of carbon-fiber-reinforced composite material - Google Patents
Surface treatment method of damage below machining face of carbon-fiber-reinforced composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105842265A CN105842265A CN201610365481.5A CN201610365481A CN105842265A CN 105842265 A CN105842265 A CN 105842265A CN 201610365481 A CN201610365481 A CN 201610365481A CN 105842265 A CN105842265 A CN 105842265A
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007766 cera flava Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/2202—Preparing specimens therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
- G01N2223/646—Specific applications or type of materials flaws, defects
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a surface treatment method of damage below the machining face of carbon-fiber-reinforced composite material and belongs to the field of composite materials. The treatment method uses micro amount to remove the material layer by layer and includes: sampling; grinding, to be more specific, using a grinding machine to grinding the surface of a sample by using abrasive paper as the medium to expose the damaged surface, wherein the grinding includes coarse grinding, semi-finishing grinding and finishing grinding; cleaning, to be more specific, using an ultrasonic cleaning machine to clean the ground sample so as to remove the impurities on the surface of the material; airing; observing and evaluating. The surface treatment method has the advantages that the method is simple and easy to operate and unlimited by material shape; the surface damage of the obtained sample is clean and complete, and the problem that the damage of the machined observation sample, with the damage below the machining face, of the carbon-fiber-reinforced composite material easily expands to destroy the original shape during machining is solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of compound material, after relating to a kind of carbon fibre reinforced composite processing
Face under damage the surface treatment method of observation.
Background technology
Carbon fibre reinforced composite product is mostly global formation after a lay solidification, is full
Foot matching requirements, need further it to be carried out the machining such as drilling, trimming.But, due to
Carbon fibre composite is carefully seen in fiber, resin and interface composition multi phase state, macroscopically in
Multilamellar, multidirectional heterogeneous anisotropic characteristic, and fibre reinforced phase intensity, hardness are high,
And it is low to be wrapped in the resin matrix phase of fiber peripheral, interface phase intensity, in machining easily because of
Processing technique select improper and produce ftracture under serious face, the mechanical damage such as layering, reduce carbon
The mechanical property of fiber reinforcement compound material piece.Along with carbon fibre reinforced composite is high-end
Popularization and application in equipment primary load bearing component, control the strictest to its damage tolerance.Due to height
Substantial load complicated and changeable, mistake is often born during holding the primary load bearing component equipped under arms
Under big face, crack and damage easily extends during bearing complex load, causes component failure,
Even fatal crass.Therefore, in the evaluation of multiple material product crudy, microscopic observation is passed through
Under opposite, damage is quantitatively described, and then crack and damage degree and product mechanical property under acquisition face
Corresponding relation between energy, processing technique, and then by Rational choice processing technique, with primary load bearing
Component machining damage is control standard, selects rational processing technique reliable to guarantee that product is on active service
Property.But, under face, crack and damage is positioned at the material internal of below finished surface, it is impossible to directly see
Survey.Therefore, by certain means, skin-material need to be removed, make crack and damage under face the most sudden and the most violent
It is exposed in scanning electron microscope visual field, and then completes accurately to measure.
But, in carbon fibre composite, the size of each composition phase is micron order, damages under machined surface
Hinder scope in several microns-hundreds of micrometer range.During removing skin-material, easily
Causing damage propatagtion because removal power is excessive, damage morphologies distortion, measurement result no longer has ginseng
Examine value.Therefore, it is necessary to use small quantity successively to remove the mode of material, reduce as much as possible
Removal power, it is to avoid damage propatagtion under the face caused by external force, keeps original damage morphologies, it is ensured that damage
Hinder the accuracy of DATA REASONING.At present, have no and add for carbon fiber enhancement resin base composite material
The report of work damage exemplar preparation method;" big specification titanium and the titanium of the invention such as Wang Hai, Fan second place
Microstructure of the alloy preparation method of sample ", number of patent application 201310260852.X, it relates to homogenizing
The preparation method of metal material metallographic exemplar, but due to observed crystal particle scale mostly in 30 μm
Above, if directly using its preparation method and parameter, easily because removal power is excessive under induction face
Damage propatagtion, causes exemplar to be prepared unsuccessfully.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of prior art, a kind of fibre reinforced of invention is combined
The surface treatment method of damage under material face, uses grinder to increase carbon fiber with sand paper for medium
Strong composite carries out the grinding of different levels, to realize the trace removal of surfacing, in making
Portion's injury of primary has pattern complete table to reveal, and then utilizes scanning electron microscope to damage under inside face
Accurately measuring and evaluate, surface treatment method is simple to operation, do not limited by material shape.
The exemplar injured surface of surface gained is the most complete.
The technical solution used in the present invention is to damage under a kind of carbon fibre reinforced composite face
Surface treatment method, it is characterised in that processing method uses small quantity successively to remove the side of material
Formula, the method includes sampling, grinds, cleans, dries, observes evaluation;The concrete step of method
Rapid as follows:
The first step: sampling, is the carbon fibre reinforced composite sample after utilizing sawing machine Cutting indexes
Sample 1;Then saddle weight 2 is heated, utilize the Cera Flava of fusing that exemplar 1 is bonded at saddle weight 2
On, after cooling, exemplar 1 is fixed on saddle weight 2, and the quantity of the most fixing exemplar 1 must not
Less than three;
Second step: grind, grinds with face lapping mill, enters exemplar 1 for medium with sand paper 3
Row grinds, and carries out respectively roughly grinding, partly refines, refines three steps operations;Choose corase grind, half fine grinding,
Sand paper 3 model that fine grinding is used, and abrasive disk 6 is right in corase grind, partly fine grinding, fine grinding institute
The rotating speed answered;Parameter for each step is chosen, and sand paper 3 granularity is the biggest, and rotating speed is the biggest, grinds
Mill speed is the fastest, and milling time to shorten relatively;Sand paper 3 granularity is the least, and rotating speed is the lowest, grinds
Mill speed is the slowest, and milling time to increase relatively, makes surface quality increase;
3rd step: clean, is first placed on saddle weight 2 to add and heats in hot plate, melted by wax,
After exemplar 1 is taken off from saddle weight 2, put into the water in the beaker filling clear water, in beaker
Want submergence exemplar 1;Again beaker is put in ultrasonic washing unit, ground exemplar 1 is entered
Row is cleaned multiple times, and removes the impurity of material surface;Clean after terminating, by the water in beaker every time
It is changed to clear water;
4th step: dry, dries cleaned exemplar 1, makes moisture evaporate completely;
5th step: observation is evaluated, and is that the exemplar 1 after drying collects with sample sack, and
Carry out labelling, utilize scanning electron microscope to be observed through surface-treated exemplar,
Observe and under face, damage original pattern, and evaluate accurately.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that surface treatment method is simple to operation, do not limited by material shape
System, the exemplar injured surface of surface gained is totally complete, completely remains the original of machining damage
Pattern, including fiber bending, fibrous fracture, fibrous matrix Interface Cracking etc..Processing method solution
Determine and under carbon fibre reinforced composite face, damage observation exemplar preparation process has been damaged after processing
The problem easily extended and destroy original pattern.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the grinding mechanism schematic diagram of the present invention, in figure: 1. exemplar, 2. saddle weight, 3.
Sand paper, 4. bolt, 5. annulus, 6. abrasive disk,
Fig. 2 is to damage under the face using the inventive method to utilize scanning electronic microscope observation to arrive
Situation, in figure: 7-fibrous fracture, 8-fiber bending, 9-fibrous matrix Interface Cracking
Detailed description of the invention
Being embodied as of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the grinding mechanism schematic diagram of the present invention, a kind of carbon fibre reinforced composite face
The surface treatment method of lower damage observation, including sampling, grind, clean, dry, observe step
Suddenly.As a example by unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced composite material laminate after processing, specifically comprise the following steps that
The first step: sampling, after utilizing sawing machine sawing to be about 20mm × 20mm processing
Carbon fibre reinforced composite exemplar 1, is careful not to when sawing destroy machined surface.With
Time with sand paper by clean for the sanding burr at exemplar 1 edge, if exemplar 1 marginal existence adds man-hour
The projection caused, the most also polishes off the material of projection with sand paper, it is ensured that exemplar 1 surface
Flatness.
Second step: grind, is to be fixed on by the exemplar 1 of sawing on circular saddle weight 2, every time
Fixing exemplar 1 quantity must not be less than three.The method of fixing exemplar 1 is: by saddle weight 2
It is placed on warm table heating, when being heated to about 80 DEG C, smears Huang at saddle weight 2 upper surface
During wax, Cera Flava melts, and is bonded on Cera Flava by exemplar 1, by exemplar 1 machined surface face phase during operation
The center of circle, pushes away exemplar 1 from the center of circle to saddle weight 2 edge, for making wax can not infiltrate at machined surface
Edge, affects the observation of machined surface.Exemplar 1 same at circular saddle weight 2 upper surface as far as possible
On the center of circle, in order to during grinding, exemplar grinding rate one causes surfacing.Exemplar will be well placed
Saddle weight 2 is placed in water, for making saddle weight 2 fast cooling, notices that water can have solid simultaneously
The surface of random sample part 1.After saddle weight 2 temperature reduces, after Cera Flava solidification, exemplar 1 is fixed on
On saddle weight 2 surface.
Then, use grinder that exemplar is ground, grind schematic diagram as it is shown in figure 1, divide
Do not carry out roughly grinding, partly refine, refine three steps operations.Choose corase grind, partly fine grinding, fine grinding is made
The model of sand paper 3, and abrasive disk 6 is turning corresponding to corase grind, half fine grinding, fine grinding
Speed.
1) corase grind, first fixes P320 or P400 on the abrasive disk 6 be threaded hole
Sand paper 3, it is ensured that sand paper 3 is smooth lay on abrasive disk 6, then by tighting a bolt 4
Compress and be positioned at the annulus 5 on sand paper 3, thus utilize the thrust of annulus 5 by solid for sand paper 3
Fixed.Again the ballast 2 pieces fixing exemplar 1 is put on abrasive disk 6, make exemplar 1 surface with
Sand paper 3 contacts, and abrasive disk 6 rotates counterclockwise, and adjusts the angle revising wheel, so that revising
Wheel can drive exemplar rotation, exemplar 1 to make relative operation friction with abrasive disk 6, thus reach
The purpose ground.Adding appropriate clear water when grinding, abrasive disk 6 rotating speed is 20r/min,
The corase grind time is about 10min.Purpose is quickly to remove sample surface material.
2) half fine grinding, after having roughly ground, rinses well exemplar 1 with clear water, then by upper
Stating operation and sand paper 3 is changed to the sand paper of P600, this step abrasive disk 6 rotating speed is 18r/min, half
The fine grinding time is about 30min.Purpose is to remove the sample surface material that corase grind destroys.
3) fine grinding, after half has refined, rinses well exemplar 1 with clear water, still by upper
Stating operation and sand paper 3 is changed to the sand paper of P800, the rotating speed of this step abrasive disk 6 is 13r/min,
The fine grinding time is about 30min.Purpose is to remove the material surface that half fine grinding destroys, and makes processing
Damage under the face of Shi Zaocheng and be not damaged, show really.After having refined, use clear water
Exemplar 1 is rinsed well, can observe that ground exemplar 1 surface roughness is the least, friction
Face reflective is fine.
Parameter for each step is chosen, and sand paper granularity is the biggest, and rotating speed is the biggest, and grinding rate is more
Hurry up, milling time to shorten relatively;Sand paper granularity is the least, and rotating speed is the lowest, and grinding rate is the slowest,
Milling time to increase relatively, but surface quality is higher than the former.
3rd step: clean, is to be placed on saddle weight 2 to add to heat in hot plate, it is therefore an objective to melted by wax
Changing, then exemplar 1 just can be taken off from saddle weight 2.The exemplar 1 taken off is put into
Filling in the beaker of clear water, the water in beaker wants submergence exemplar.Next step, put into super by beaker
In sound wave cleaning machine, exemplar 1 is carried out.Carry out 3 times altogether to clean, clean every time and terminate
After, the water in beaker is changed to clear water.
4th step: dry, is that exemplar 1 tweezers after cleaning take out from beaker, is placed on
Dry in dust removing cloth.Ground sample surface is not pressed from both sides when noting with tweezers folder exemplar, in order to avoid
Destroy original damage.
5th step: observe and evaluate, is that the exemplar 1 after drying collects with sample sack,
And carry out labelling, damage observation can be carried out by scanning electron microscope at any time, observe exemplar 1
Damage original pattern under face, and evaluate accurately.Can clearly see in fig 2
To 1 lower degree of impairment of exemplar: fibrous fracture 7, fiber bending 8 and fibrous matrix interface are opened
Split 9.
Claims (1)
1. a surface treatment method for damage, its feature under carbon fibre reinforced composite face
Being, processing method uses small quantity successively to remove the mode of material, the method include sampling,
Grind, clean, dry, observe evaluation;Method specifically comprises the following steps that
The first step: sampling, is the carbon fibre reinforced composite sample after utilizing sawing machine Cutting indexes
Sample (1);Then saddle weight (2) is heated, utilize the Cera Flava of fusing to be bonded at by exemplar (1)
On saddle weight (2), after cooling, exemplar (1) is fixed on saddle weight (2), fixes every time
The quantity of exemplar (1) must not be less than three;
Second step: grind, grinds with face lapping mill, is that medium is to exemplar with sand paper (3)
(1) it is ground, carries out respectively roughly grinding, partly refine, refine three steps operations;Choose corase grind,
Half fine grinding, refine used sand paper (3) model, and abrasive disk (6) roughly grinding, partly
Rotating speed corresponding to fine grinding, fine grinding;Each step parameter is chosen, sand paper (3) granularity
The biggest, grinding rate is the fastest, and milling time shortens relatively;Sand paper (3) granularity is the least, grinds
Mill speed is the slowest, and milling time increases relatively, makes surface quality increase;
3rd step: clean, is first placed on saddle weight (2) to add and heats in hot plate, melted by wax,
After exemplar (1) is taken off from saddle weight (2), put in the beaker filling clear water, burn
Water in Bei wants submergence exemplar;Again beaker is put in ultrasonic washing unit, to ground sample
Part (1) is cleaned multiple times, and removes the impurity of material surface;Clean after terminating every time, will
Water in beaker is changed to clear water;
4th step: dry, dries cleaned exemplar (1), makes moisture evaporate completely;
5th step: observation is evaluated, and the exemplar (1) after drying collects with sample sack,
And carry out labelling, utilize scanning electron microscope to enter through surface-treated exemplar (1)
Row observation, observes and damages original pattern under face, and evaluate accurately.
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Cited By (4)
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CN109580683A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-05 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of fiberglass reinforced PTFE plate half bore microsection manufacture method |
CN111390654A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Treatment method for surface of carbon fiber resin matrix composite material |
CN112748115A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-04 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Evaluation method for subsurface damage of fiber reinforced composite material hole making |
CN115615782A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-01-17 | 大连理工大学 | Evaluation and prediction method for fiber reinforced composite subsurface damage |
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CN109580683A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-05 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of fiberglass reinforced PTFE plate half bore microsection manufacture method |
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CN111390654A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Treatment method for surface of carbon fiber resin matrix composite material |
CN112748115A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-04 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Evaluation method for subsurface damage of fiber reinforced composite material hole making |
CN112748115B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-08-30 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Evaluation method for subsurface damage of fiber reinforced composite material hole making |
CN115615782A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-01-17 | 大连理工大学 | Evaluation and prediction method for fiber reinforced composite subsurface damage |
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