CN105837212A - 一种化学式为La3TaO7的热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料 - Google Patents

一种化学式为La3TaO7的热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料 Download PDF

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CN105837212A
CN105837212A CN201610164955.XA CN201610164955A CN105837212A CN 105837212 A CN105837212 A CN 105837212A CN 201610164955 A CN201610164955 A CN 201610164955A CN 105837212 A CN105837212 A CN 105837212A
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barrier coating
thermal barrier
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tao
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陈晓鸽
杨树森
魏媛
张红松
张昊明
刘彦旭
廖肃然
李刚
李振军
张仙平
段焕林
王迎辉
陈爱东
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Henan Institute of Engineering
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料，及其在航空涡轮发动机中用作热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料的用途，属于结构陶瓷材料领域；所述材料具有萤石晶体结构，其在室温‑1200℃时的热导率在0.96‑1.61W/m.K之间，1200℃时的热膨胀系数为11.50×10‑6/K，同时在室温至1200℃之间具有良好的高温相稳定性能，可作为热障涂层材料用于航空涡轮发动机叶片、燃烧室等关键金属部件。

Description

一种化学式为La3TaO7的热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料
技术领域
本发明属于结构陶瓷材料领域，具体涉及一种化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料，该材料具有萤石晶体结构，可作为热障涂层用于航空涡轮发动机叶片、燃烧室等关键金属部件。
背景技术
在先进航空涡轮发动机中，为保护高温下工作的发动机叶片、燃烧室等关键金属部件并提高燃油经济性，需要在这些关键金属部件上面制备陶瓷涂层，这层陶瓷涂层称为热障涂层；典型的热障涂层主要包括三部分，从外向里依次为表面陶瓷层、金属粘结层和金属基体；表面陶瓷层主要起隔热作用，金属粘结层主要功能是缓解表面陶瓷层与金属基体因热膨胀不匹配而产生的热应力，同时还可以保护金属基体不被氧化。
热障涂层的制备方法主要有等离子喷涂法和电子束物理气相沉积技术，无论哪一种制备方法，热障涂层要想更好的发挥其隔热作用，必须牢固附着在金属基体之上。
在已有的热障涂层中，由于氧化钇部分稳定氧化锆(Y2O3stabilized zirconia，简称YSZ)陶瓷具有较低的热导率(平均约为2.3W/m.K)，较高的热膨胀系数(9×10-6/℃)及良好的高温相稳定性能(＜1200℃)，而成为现役应用最广的热障涂层。
然而，随着航空发动机向高流量比、高推重比、高涡轮进口温度方向发展，其燃烧室关键热端部件的工作温度将超过1500℃。在这样的高温下，现役的YSZ热障涂层，由于其表层陶瓷材料YSZ在高温下会发生相转变，且烧结收缩严重等一系列问题，不仅使涂层的隔热性能下降，而且涂层的工作寿命也急剧降低，该类涂层已难于满足航空发动机技术发展的需要。
为此，必须设法克服现役YSZ热障涂层的这一缺陷，就此问题而言，目前公认的有三种途径：
(1)采用叶片冷却技术，如巧妙设计空心叶片的几何形状或叶片的冷气膜设计等；
(2)采用真空熔炼和精密铸造技术研制新型的高温合金，如定向凝固和单晶叶片；
(3)开发新型的热障涂层陶瓷材料。
就(1)而言，随着叶片设计和制造技术的改进，人们得到的效益增长速率正在下降，目前要想通过单一的冷却结构设计使发动机叶片工作温度再提高几百摄氏度极端困难；而对于高温合金材料而言，既要具有高强度以满足设计许用应力的要求，又要在长期的运转中具备较高的化学稳定性(即耐高温氧化、抗腐蚀性能)，这两方面的要求很难同时达到；最好的途径是在采用先进冷却技术和开发高温合金的前提下，开发新型的热障涂层陶瓷材料以替代YSZ陶瓷。
新型的热障涂层用陶瓷材料需满足以下几点主要要求：
(1)较低的热导率(＜2.0W/m.K)；
(2)较高的热膨胀系数(＞9×10-6/℃)；
(3)良好的高温想稳定性能(＞1200℃)。
目前，已经报道的新型热障涂层陶瓷材料，主要有三类，一类是稀土掺杂的ZrO2基陶瓷材料；第二类是化学式为Ln2Zr2O7(Ln代表三价稀土元素)的稀土锆酸盐；第三类是近3-5年中报道的其它新型陶瓷，主要有Nd2Ce2O7，La2Ce2O7、稀土改性的Ba1-xLnxNd2(Ti1-yLny)3O10类陶瓷、钡镧钛Ba1-xLnxSm2(Ti1-yLny)3O10、钡钕钛Ba1-xLnxNd2(Ti1-yLny)3O10、铬酸镧La2.0～ 3.0Cr2.0～2.5O6.0～7.5，以及InFeZnO4等，尚无A2LaTaO7用作热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料的报道。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料，其具有较高热膨胀系数和较低热导率，以及良好高温相稳定性能，可在航空涡轮发动机中用作热障涂层。
所述一种化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料，其分子式为La3TaO7，具有萤石晶体结构；对其进行XRD分析表明，典型衍射峰对应的2θ角分别为26.28°、28.56°、30.87°、32.21°、33.15°、36.96°、40.21°、41.92°、42.40°、43.26°、43.95°、44.43°、45.57°、46.79°、47.93°、49.43°、50.77°、52.23°、54.83°、55.81°、56.41°、58.04°、58.81°、60.52°、62.99°、63.60°、64.05°、67.10°、75.06°、75.58°、78.30°、81.72°、87.16°，晶格参数为5.5033nm；原子量为709.66。
所述材料采用固相高温反应法制备，所用原材料为La2O3和Ta2O5等氧化物，纯度均为99.9％，制备方法包括：1.在制备之前，先将各种氧化物在800℃煅烧4小时，以除去各种氧化物所吸附的CO2和水蒸气；2.根据生成物的化学式计算所需要的每种化合物的量；3.根据计算出的每一种氧化物的质量，用分析天平称量所需的氧化物，而后将称取的各种氧化物置于玛瑙研钵中进行人工研磨，使其充分混合，每次研磨时间不少于25分钟；4.将研磨好的氧化物混合粉体，在陶瓷粉末压片机上压制成型，其中，圆片压力为8MPa，长条试样压力为6MPa；5.压制后的试样在冷等静压机上，在100MPa的压力下进行冷等静压处理；6.经冷等静压处理后的样品在1600℃下常压烧结10小时，随炉冷却，即可得到化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料。
本发明还涉及一种化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料在航空涡轮发动机中用作热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料的用途。
有益效果
本发明所述化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料，其在室温-1200℃时的热导率在0.96-1.61W/m.K之间，1200℃时的热膨胀系数为11.50×10-6/K，与7-8％氧化钇部分稳定的氧化锆相比，在高温时具有更低的热导率和更高的热膨胀系数，同时在室温至1200℃之间具有良好的高温相稳定性能，可用作热障涂层陶瓷材料。
附图说明
图1 La3TaO7陶瓷的XRD图谱。
图2 La3TaO7陶瓷的热膨胀率。
图3 La3TaO7陶瓷在不同温度下的热膨胀系数。
图4 La3TaO7陶瓷在不同温度下的热扩散系数。
图5 La3TaO7陶瓷在不同温度下的热导率。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料，具有萤石晶体结构，晶格参数为5.5033nm；其在高温时具有热导率低、热膨胀系数高及高温相稳定性能好等优点，可用作热障涂层表面层陶瓷材料。
实施例2
化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料的制备方法，所用原材料为La2O3和Ta2O5等氧化物，纯度均为99.9％，制备方法包括：
1.将La2O3和Ta2O5在800℃煅烧4小时，以除去各种氧化物所吸附的CO2和水蒸气；
2.根据化学式La3TaO7计算所需要的每种化合物的量，反应方程式如下：
1.5La2O3+0.5Ta2O5→La3TaO7；
3.根据计算出的每一种氧化物的质量，用分析天平称量所需的氧化物，而后将称取的各种氧化物置于玛瑙研钵中进行人工研磨，使其充分混合，每次研磨时间不少于25分钟；
4.将研磨好的氧化物混合粉体，在陶瓷粉末压片机上压制成型，其中，圆片压力为8MPa，长条试样压力为6MPa；
5.压制后的试样在冷等静压机上，在100MPa的压力下进行冷等静压处理；
6.经冷等静压处理后的样品在1600℃下常压烧结10小时，随炉冷却，即可得La3TaO7陶瓷材料。

Claims (2)

1.一种化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料，其特征在于，所述材料的分子式为La3TaO7，具有萤石晶体结构；对其进行XRD分析表明，其典型衍射峰对应的2θ角分别为26.28°、28.56°、30.87°、32.21°、33.15°、36.96°、40.21°、41.92°、42.40°、43.26°、43.95°、44.43°、45.57°、46.79°、47.93°、49.43°、50.77°、52.23°、54.83°、55.81°、56.41°、58.04°、58.81°、60.52°、62.99°、63.60°、64.05°、67.10°、75.06°、75.58°、78.30°、81.72°、87.16°，晶格参数为5.5033nm；原子量为709.66。
2.权利要求1所述的一种化学式为La3TaO7的陶瓷材料在热障涂层中的用途，其特征在于，所述陶瓷材料在航空涡轮发动机中用作热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料。
CN201610164955.XA 2016-03-21 2016-03-21 一种化学式为La3TaO7的热障涂层表面陶瓷层材料 Pending CN105837212A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109437927A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-08 昆明理工大学 稀土钽/铌酸盐（RE3Ta/NbO7）陶瓷粉体及其制备方法
CN110304919A (zh) * 2019-08-16 2019-10-08 湘潭大学 一种陶瓷材料的制备方法和热障涂层的制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
NICOLAS PREUX等: "La3TaO7 derivatives with Weberite structure type: Possible electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells and high temperature electrolysers", 《COMPTES RENDUS CHIMIE》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109437927A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-08 昆明理工大学 稀土钽/铌酸盐（RE3Ta/NbO7）陶瓷粉体及其制备方法
CN110304919A (zh) * 2019-08-16 2019-10-08 湘潭大学 一种陶瓷材料的制备方法和热障涂层的制备方法

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