CN105837179B - 一种硅铝陶瓷质研磨石及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种硅铝陶瓷质研磨石及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 K246 parts of O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001938 gadolinium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940075613 gadolinium oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium oxide Chemical compound O=[Sc]O[Sc]=O HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
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- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 230000002742 anti-folding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种硅铝陶瓷质研磨石,其重量组成为Al2O3 20‑30份、SiO2 20‑30份、云石25‑35份、稀土金属氧化物12‑18份、K2O 4‑6份、Na2SiO3 3‑4份、TiCl4 0.4‑0.6份;使用Na2SiO3水溶液与TiCl4反应形成一种均匀的胶体,替代传统的高分子材料作为粘结剂,减少了制备过程中脱脂(脱粘结剂)步骤;由于使用Na2SiO3与TiCl4水解物形成钛硅酸盐胶体作为无机粘结剂,使用研磨石内部结构更加致密,同时加入稀土金属氧化物,这样提高了产品的抗折强度,抗折强度提高了5‑10MPa,提高了研磨石密度,密度为2.5‑2.8g/cm3,能够用于硬金属的切削加工,使得构件粗磨去毛刺功能大大增强耐磨度比常规磨石提高20%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉陶瓷制备技术领域,具体地说是一种硅铝陶瓷质研磨石及其制备方法。
背景技术
磨削既是一种古老的加工方法,又是一个崭新的技术领域。它在世界范围内被广泛使用,尤其在机械制造业的精密加工方面,磨削对许多部门产生着不可忽视的影响。
我国是世界上最早应用磨削方法的国家,进入21世纪后,磨料生产进入一个迅速发展的时期,产量增长很快,这一增长标志着机械制造业中精密加工部分的增加,但也反映出磨料的非磨削应用比例的大幅度增加。这主要是用于国防及制造精细陶瓷而使用的Al2O3和SiC微粉,其用量已达总产的40%。
目前市场上,针对零件表面处理的研磨抛光材料主要有棕刚玉(白刚玉)材质的研磨石、树脂材质的塑胶研磨石、高铝瓷(高频瓷)抛光石、振动抛光钢珠、各类研磨剂、各类光亮剂等,这些研磨抛光材料的主要功能如下表所示:
研磨介质包括研磨石、抛光石、研磨剂、光泽剂等研磨抛光材料,每种材料都有自己的应用范围,如塑胶研磨石用于材质较软的材料,如铝、锌、铜、塑料等;陶瓷类研磨石用于材质较硬的材料,如铁、不锈钢、白铁、钢材等;抛光材质为铁的零件,需要用到铁光泽剂,抛光材质为铜的零件,需要用到铜光泽剂,手工具切削剂用于各类扳手、套筒、批咀去黑膜、去氧化皮,如果用于其他零件,将可能会腐蚀、破坏零件。
陶瓷研磨石主要用于铝合金、锌合金、铜、树脂(塑料)等材质较软的产品表面抛光,电镀前细磨,常用于家私五金(如拉手、锁具等)及箱包(如皮带扣、箱包扣、鞋扣等),主要有园形、三角形、斜三角形、园柱形、斜园柱形。
陶瓷研磨石主要组成有氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化镁、氧化钙、氧化硅、氧化钛、氧化铁的氧化物类陶瓷;诸如氮化铝、氮化硅、氮化钛的氮化物类陶瓷;诸如碳化硅、碳化钛、碳化钨的碳化物类陶瓷;诸如硼化锆、硼化钛的硼化物类陶瓷等。
作为陶瓷研磨石粘结剂,例如,可以为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物等聚烯烃;聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯等丙烯酸类树脂;聚苯乙烯等苯乙烯类树脂;聚氯乙烯、聚偏氯乙烯、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯等聚酯;聚醚;聚乙烯醇;它们的共聚物等各种树脂;各种蜡;石蜡;高级脂肪酸(例如硬脂酸);高级醇;高级脂肪酸酯;高级脂肪酸酰胺等各种有机粘结剂。
使用高分子材料作为粘结剂,这就要求对成型实体进行脱脂处理(脱粘结剂处理),一般是加热成型体,从而从成型体中除去粘结剂。而且使用高分子材料作粘结剂,成型产品表面粗糙度大,研磨力不高,长期使用研磨力下降;并且产品硬度低,密度低,难以用于加工硬金属。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种密度高、切削效率高、适用于加工硬金属的研磨石及其制造方法。
实现上述发明目的技术方案:
一种硅铝陶瓷质研磨石,其重量组成为Al2O3 20-30份、SiO220-30份、云石25-35份、稀土金属氧化物12-18份、K2O 4-6份、Na2SiO3 3-4份、TiCl4 0.4-0.6份;
其制备步骤如下:
(1)根据配比进行计量称重;
(2)混料,将Al2O3、SiO220-30、云石、稀土金属氧化物、K2O通过搅拌和研磨混合均匀
(3)Na2SiO3和TiCl4加入,先将Na2SiO3配成重量浓度为5-10%水溶液,逐步加入TiCl4,加入过程中保持搅拌,形成一种均匀体系;
(4)将步骤2和步骤3的物料混合在一起,加水搅拌混合均匀;
(5)根据产品的要求,选择相应的模具,进行压铸成型;
(6)将压铸成型的产品烘干;
(7)将烘干后产品烧结成型。
其优选的配比为:Al2O3 25份、SiO225份、云石30份、稀土金属氧化物15份、K2O 5份、Na2SiO3 4份、TiCl4 0.5份。
稀土金属氧化物是指氧化钪、氧化铈、氧化钆、氧化钇等。
压铸成型压力为300MPa-400MPa。
烘干温度为300-350℃。
烧结成型温度1280℃-1350℃。
本发明的特点及效果
使用Na2SiO3水溶液与TiCl4反应形成一种均匀的胶体,替代传统的高分子材料作为粘结剂,减少了制备过程中脱脂(脱粘结剂)步骤;由于使用无机粘结剂,使用研磨石内部结构更加致密,Na2SiO3与TiCl4水解物形成钛硅酸盐胶体,提高了产品的抗折强度,抗折强度提高了5-10MPa,由于使用了稀土金属氧化物,降低了产品密度,密度为2.5-2.8g/cm3,能够用于硬金属的切削加工,提高切削效率15-20%。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例进一步描述本发明,但并不限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
按总重量为20kg,组成为Al2O3 25份、SiO225份、云石30份、稀土金属氧化物15份、K2O 5份、Na2SiO3 4份、TiCl4 0.5份分别计量称重;将称量好的Al2O3、SiO2、云石、稀土金属氧化物、K2O搅拌后,再研磨混合均匀;
粘结剂钛硅酸盐均匀盐的制备:先将Na2SiO3配成重量浓度为5%溶液,逐步加入TiCl4,加入过程中保持搅拌,形成一种均匀体系。
将研磨均匀的物料和上步制备的均匀胶体混合在一起,加水搅拌混合均匀;
选择底面直径5cm,高度为10cm模具进行压铸成型,压力为350MPa;
将压铸成型的产品在300℃烘干;
将烘干后产品在1450℃烧结成型。
制备产品抗折强度为170MPa,密度为2.8g/cm3,用于不锈钢等硬金属切削,切削效率比用高分子材料作粘结剂的高20%。
实施例2
按总重量为20kg,组成为Al2O3 30份、SiO220份、云石30份、稀土金属氧化物15份、K2O 5份、Na2SiO3 4份、TiCl4 0.5份分别计量称重;将称量好的Al2O3、SiO2、云石、稀土金属氧化物、K2O搅拌后,再研磨混合均匀;
粘结剂钛硅酸盐均匀盐的制备:先将Na2SiO3配成重量浓度为8%溶液,逐步加入TiCl4,加入过程中保持搅拌,形成一种均匀体系。
将研磨均匀的物料和上步制备的均匀胶体混合在一起,加水搅拌混合均匀;
选择底面直径10cm,高度为20cm模具进行压铸成型,压力为400MPa;
将压铸成型的产品在350℃烘干;
将烘干后产品在1500℃烧结成型。
制备产品抗折强度为165MPa,密度为2.6g/cm3,用于不锈钢等硬金属切削,切削效率比用高分子材料作粘结剂的高15%。
Claims (6)
1.一种硅铝陶瓷质研磨石,其重量组成为Al2O3 20-30份、SiO220-30份、云石25-35份、稀土金属氧化物12-18份、K2O 4-6份、Na2SiO3 3-4份、TiCl4 0.4-0.6份;
其制备步骤如下:
(1)根据配比进行计量称重;
(2)混料,将Al2O3、SiO220-30、云石、稀土金属氧化物、K2O通过搅拌和研磨混合均匀
(3)Na2SiO3和TiCl4 加入,先将Na2SiO3配成重量浓度为5-10%水溶液,逐步加入TiCl4,加入过程中保持搅拌,形成一种均匀体系;
(4)将步骤2和步骤3的物料混合在一起,加水搅拌混合均匀;
(5)根据产品的要求,选择相应的模具,进行压铸成型;
(6)将压铸成型的产品烘干;
(7)将烘干后产品烧结成型。
2.根据权利要求1硅铝陶瓷质研磨石,其特征为:Al2O3 25份、SiO225份、云石30份、稀土金属氧化物15份、K2O 5份、Na2SiO3 4份、TiCl4 0.5份。
3.根据权利要求1硅铝陶瓷质研磨石,其特征在于稀土金属氧化物是指氧化钪、氧化铈、氧化钆、氧化钇中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1硅铝陶瓷质研磨石,其特征在于压铸成型压力为300MPa-400MPa。
5.根据权利要求1硅铝陶瓷质研磨石,其特征在于烘干温度为300-350℃。
6.根据权利要求1硅铝陶瓷质研磨石,其特征在于烧结成型温度1280°C-1350°C。
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