CN105834442B - Liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device and method - Google Patents

Liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device and method Download PDF

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CN105834442B
CN105834442B CN201610381126.7A CN201610381126A CN105834442B CN 105834442 B CN105834442 B CN 105834442B CN 201610381126 A CN201610381126 A CN 201610381126A CN 105834442 B CN105834442 B CN 105834442B
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methane
heat
vapor
dry granulation
liquid alloy
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CN105834442A (en
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吕学伟
张颖异
邱杰
吕炜
贺文超
李生平
汪金生
党杰
白晨光
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Chongqing University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device and method,The liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device structure are relatively simple,Production is implemented and uses operation all relatively simple,And with reference to its liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming exhaust heat recovering method,While using dry granulation method preferably to ensure the refinement granulation effect to liquid alloy,The required resource for being converted into methane-steam reforming can also be reclaimed by the multistage of Physical joint chemical method to the waste heat of state liquid alloy,It can help to improve the recovery utilization rate to liquid alloy residual heat resources,So as to effectively solve the granulation difficult processing of liquid alloy in the prior art to meet follow-up alloy smelting technological requirement,And its residual heat resources recovery utilization rate it is low the problem of,With good industrial application value,Can smelter popularization and application at home.

Description

Liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical engineering, environmental protection and energy saving field, the energy-saving and emission-reduction of metallurgical process, liquid alloy are related generally to Dry granulation, more particularly to a kind of liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device and method.
Background technology
The appearance of last century the eighties, steel-smelting technology AOD, VOD and RH etc. causes metallargist to put forward Alloy Plant Alloying pellet of the supply with certain particle size is gone out（Generally 10~40 mm）, and alloy production person wish to reach common Target is：Production efficiency is improved, avoids time-consuming casting and broken operation；Reduce to greatest extent rubble generation and it is high into The loss of this alloy product；A kind of single and clean alloy product is created, to meet the requirement of clean steel；It is a kind of easy to obtain Carry, transport, being dissolved into the alloy product of metallurgical process；One is defined to repeat, automate, safe and environment-friendly process；It is maximum Limit reduces newly-built paces to improve existing alloy factory.
However, the granular ferroalloy of fragility of the domestic production annual production more than 10,000,000 tons is generally or using traditional at present Molding+Mechanical Crushing and the method for hand breaking obtain required granularity, and this method has the problem of following several respects： First, broken pulverization rate is very high, and cost can be increased by handling these tiny powder again；Secondly, the component segregation of alloy compared with Crush obtained agglomerate grains, the difference of the silicon content between its top and the bottom up to 20% with On；Furthermore it is that the alloy that some hardness are big, toughness is high is difficult to crush, such as middle-low-carbon ferrochrome, ferronickel etc.；It is exactly finally broken Noise is big, and caused dust pollution is serious.Result of calculation shows, by the method for molding+broken come produce granular iron alloy can Cause more than 30% spoilage；Caused by economic loss up to 200~250 yuan/ton, if total according to China's ferroalloy in 2014 3786.25 ten thousand tons of yield is calculated, caused by direct economic loss be up to 76~9,500,000,000 yuan, therefore, in this case, just go out The direct granulation technique of ferroalloy is showed.
It is developed so far, for the mainly Blobulator techniques of the extensive industrial applications of ferroalloy direct granulation technique energy With GRANSHOT techniques, although the granulation efficiency high of both techniques, alloy loss is few, and obtained alloying pellet particle diameter is general All in 20~70 mm scopes, but the two existing common issue is as follows：
（1）All it is to cool down metal drop, it is necessary to consume substantial amounts of new water resource directly by way of water cooling.
（2）When being granulated ferrosilicon fluid-like state alloy, powder phenomenon-tion easily occurs, causes fine dusts in granulated product excessive, It is difficult to directly meet follow-up alloy smelting technological requirement；The reason for causing powder phenomenon-tion, mainly includes two aspects：On the one hand it is Caused by phase transformation, by ferrosilicon phasor, ξ phases can be separated out in ferrosilicon process of setting（Le Beiaoyi special body sizes）, meeting when ξ phases cool down Eutectoid generates FeSi2And Si, cause volumetric expansion, produce powder phenomenon-tion, this can be limited by being subcooled, according to both the above Technique is granulated Antaciron, water cooling at once after granulation, subsequently also alloying pellet is dried, but remaining moisture is still also Have 2% or so, this just provides convenience for efflorescence；On the other hand, some impurity elements in Antaciron also result in efflorescence and showed As, such as the P ＞ 0.02% in Antaciron, Al ＜ 0.5%, it may occur that reaction：2AlP+3H2O→Al2O3+2PH3, namely It result in efflorescence, and caused PH3、AsH3It is harmful etc. belonging to toxic gas.
（3）Water as obtained after cooling agent and metal stream exchanged heat be low heat value vapor and water, such thermal source It is difficult recovery to be, although can be used to generate electricity by the waste heat of heat exchanger recovered steam, hot water, the energy of its cogeneration Effect utilization rate generally can only reach 20 ~ 25%, and residual heat resources utilization rate is very low.
Therefore, in face of the granulation difficult processing of liquid alloy in the prior art with directly meet follow-up alloy smelting technique will Ask and the problem of its residual heat resources recovery utilization rate is low, be badly in need of a kind of grain that can either preferably realize liquid alloy in industry Change, and can enough possess the technology of higher residual heat resources recovery utilization rate.
The content of the invention
For above shortcomings in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of liquid alloy dry granulation And methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, while it is used to realize liquid alloy granulation processing, additionally it is possible to state liquid The waste heat of alloy is subject to the required resource that multistage recovery is converted into methane-steam reforming, can help to improve and liquid is closed The recovery utilization rate of golden residual heat resources, to solve the granulation difficult processing of liquid alloy in the prior art to meet follow-up alloy smelting The problem of sweetening process requirement and its low residual heat resources recovery utilization rate.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, including dry granulation device, convection current Heat exchange bed, slag particle collector, Reforming catalyst reactor, water circulation evaporative condenser, water circulation heat exchanger and methane separation device；
The top of the dry granulation device is provided with liquid alloy entrance and gas vent, and the middle part in dry granulation device is located at Centrifugal granulation device, the bottom of dry granulation device and the heat convection bed are provided with the position directly below of liquid alloy entrance Top connects connection；The bottom of heat convection bed is provided with funnelform discharging opening, and the bottom of heat convection bed is close to funnel The side wall of shape discharging opening opening position is provided with methane vapor air inlet；The slag particle collector face is arranged at heat convection bed Discharging opening below unloading position at, the water circulation evaporative condenser is arranged at the bottom of slag particle collector and can be with slag Heat transfer is carried out between grain collector, and the steam outlet of water circulation evaporative condenser is communicated to the methane water of heat convection bed Steam air inlet；
It is filled with methane-steam reforming catalyst in the Reforming catalyst reactor, the gas at the top of dry granulation device Body outlet is to the air inlet of Reforming catalyst reactor, and the gas outlet of Reforming catalyst reactor is by being provided with the gas of air exhauster Circulation road is communicated to the air-flow heat exchanger channels entrance of water circulation heat exchanger, by air exhauster certain driving air-flow from Reforming catalyst reactor Flow to the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger；The air-flow heat exchanger channels outlet of the water circulation heat exchanger is to first The air inlet of alkane separator, and the recirculated water heat exchange steam (vapor) outlet of water circulation heat exchanger is communicated to the methane water of heat convection bed Steam air inlet；The methane separation device is used to isolate methane from the gas of entrance, and by isolated methane and mixes Tail gas is closed respectively from the outlet of its methane gas and mixed tail gas outlet discharge, and the methane gas outlet of methane separation device also connects To the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed.
In above-mentioned liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, as improvement project, institute State rotary drive motor that the centrifugal granulation device in dry granulation device sets straight up by drive shaft and installed in rotation Porous centrifugation revolving cup in the drive shaft of motor is formed；It is described it is porous centrifugation revolving cup have a horizontally disposed bottom of a cup and The wall of cup extended straight up along bottom of a cup edge, the liquid that is opening up and being right against dry granulation device of porous centrifugation revolving cup are closed Golden entrance, circumferentially arranged with the through hole for being arranged into some rows from bottom to top from bottom of a cup opening position on the wall of cup of porous centrifugation revolving cup, The thickness of the wall of cup is 5 ~ 20mm, and the aperture of the through hole is 10 ~ 40mm, is arranged in the two neighboring through hole edge of same a line Between spacing be 5 ~ 20mm, the spacing being arranged between the two neighboring through hole edge of adjacent rows is 6 ~ 30mm, and per phase The through hole of adjacent two rows is staggered.
In above-mentioned liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, as improvement project, institute State water circulation heat exchanger and be additionally operable to collect vapor in its air-flow heat exchanger channels and cool down condensed condensed water and pass through condensation Water output is discharged, and the recirculated water water leg phase of the condensation water output and water circulation evaporative condenser of water circulation heat exchanger Connection.
In above-mentioned liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, preferably, institute It is moving bed or fluid bed to state heat convection bed.
In above-mentioned liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, preferably, institute State methane separation device and use stage variable pressure adsorption tower.
In above-mentioned liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, as improvement project, institute State and plate feed is provided between the discharging opening of heat convection bed and slag particle collector, to carry out the discharging opening of heat convection bed Feeding to slag particle collector.
Correspondingly, present invention also offers liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming exhaust heat recovering method；For This, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming exhaust heat recovering method, are done using above-mentioned liquid alloy Method is granulated and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device is implemented as follows：
1）Startup optimization liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, control its dry granulation Centrifugal granulation device rotary speed is 100 ~ 300rpm in device, and is passed through first into heat convection bed by its methane vapor air inlet Alkane vapor, liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device are driven by the air exhauster on gas channel Interior airflow circulating；
2）The liquid alloy entrance that liquid alloy is injected at the top of dry granulation device, the centrifugation grain flowed into dry granulation device Makeup is put, and is thrown out of under the action of the centrifugal force, is subsequently broken up, is granulated into molten drop, and liquid alloy molten drop in-flight is on surface Tension force and the air-flow with rising in dry granulation device carry out heat convection, are frozen into alloying pellet, fall into heat convection bed；
3）Alloying pellet into heat convection bed is continuing whereabouts and the process of stop is piled up in heat convection bed In, the air-flow with rising in heat convection bed carries out heat convection again so that alloying pellet cools, then from heat convection bed The discharging opening of bottom is emitted into slag particle collector and collected, and in the alloying pellet and water circulation evaporative condenser of slag particle collector Device carries out heat exchange so that the recirculated water in water circulation evaporative condenser, which is heated, to be evaporated vapor and incited somebody to action by steam outlet Vapor is delivered to the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed, hence into being participated in heat convection bed and dry granulation device Reforming reaction；
4）In step 2）~3）During, under the swabbing action of the air exhauster on gas channel, enter from methane vapor The methane vapor that gas port enters heat convection bed is flowed upwardly into dry granulation device, and in heat convection bed and dry granulation device It is interior to be heated up with alloying pellet contact heat-exchanging, Reforming catalyst reactor then is flowed into from the gas vent at the top of dry granulation device, is made Reforming reaction generation carbon monoxide occurs in the presence of methane-steam reforming catalyst for the methane vapor that must be heated And hydrogen, the mixed gas that then carbon monoxide, hydrogen and the complete methane vapor of unreacted are formed are entered by gas channel Enter and exchanged heat in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger, the vapor in mixed gas is in water circulation heat exchanger Be condensed separation in air-flow heat exchanger channels, while causes the recirculated water of water circulation heat exchanger is heated to evaporate vapor and pass through Vapor is delivered to the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed by recirculated water heat exchange steam (vapor) outlet, hence into heat convection Reforming reaction is participated in bed and dry granulation device；The mixed gas for removing vapor is changed by the air-flow of water circulation heat exchanger again Passage of heat outlet flows into methane separation device so that removes the methane in the mixed gas of vapor and is divided in methane separation device Export and discharge from methane gas from after, heat convection bed is then come back to by the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed With reforming reaction is participated in dry granulation device, and remove the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas of vapor, hydrogen in methane separation Discharged in device with being exported after methane separation from mixed tail gas.
Compared to prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
1st, liquid alloy dry granulation of the invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device and method, are employed dry Method shotting preferably to ensure the refinement granulation effect to liquid alloy, and additionally uses on this basis to more than liquid alloy The Physical of thermal resource reclaims with the united three-level of chemical method so that the residual heat resources of liquid alloy are used to steam as methane water Gas reforming reaction heat energy supply and chemical energy supply, and liquid alloy reforming reaction is delivered heat to as physics after obtained by gaseous mixture The waste heat of itself after heat energy and the alloy heat transfer of body, then it is used for conversion generation vapor by two different phases and returns Reforming reaction is participated in, so as to which the supply that new vapor is passed through into heat convection bed be greatly decreased, has reached reduction methane water The purpose of the production cost of vapor resource needed for steam reforming reaction, effectively increases the recovery to liquid alloy residual heat resources Efficiency and utilization rate.
2nd, using the liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device and method of the present invention, from liquid Discharged mixed the outlet of the methane separation device mixed tail gas of state alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device Close the mixed gas that the main component in tail gas is carbon monoxide, hydrogen（That is water-gas）, wherein not containing industrial refuse not only Gas, avoid extra industrial refuse processing cost, and water-gas or a kind of more conventional industrial fuel and hydrogen manufacturing Raw material, right and wrong further embody the present invention program for more than liquid alloy often with the industrial products for having industrial application value The Optimum utilization of thermal resource.
3rd, liquid alloy dry granulation of the invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device and method can be used for AlMg systems alloy, AlSi systems alloy, CaSi systems alloy, MnSi systems alloy, FeSi systems alloy, FeMn systems alloy, FeCr systems are closed The granulation processing of the liquid alloy such as gold, FeNi systems alloy, FeV systems alloy, FeMo systems alloy, FeW systems alloy, FeTi systems alloy, Application field is very extensive.
4th, liquid alloy dry granulation of the invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device and method, not only may be used For realizing the reformation of methane vapor, the alkanes such as propane light hydrocarbon and vapor are also implemented for Reform.
5th, in liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device of the invention, additionally it is possible to by right The structure of centrifugal granulation device is improved in its dry granulation device, and porous centrifugation revolving cup is granulated liquid alloy, substantially increase from Utilization efficiency of the heart granulating device to rotational energy, and then it is favorably improved granulated processed efficiency.
6th, liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device structure of the invention are relatively simple, raw Production is implemented and uses operation all relatively simple, and combines its liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste heat recovery Method, while realizing to liquid alloy granulation processing, additionally it is possible to pass through Physical amalgamation to the waste heat of state liquid alloy The multistage recovery of method is converted into the required resource of methane-steam reforming, can help to improve to liquid alloy waste heat money The recovery utilization rate in source, so as to effectively solve the granulation difficult processing of liquid alloy in the prior art to meet follow-up alloy smelting work The problem of skill requirement and its low residual heat resources recovery utilization rate, there is good industrial application value, metallurgical at home can look forward to Industry popularization and application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is preferable to carry out for one kind of liquid alloy dry granulation of the present invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device Structural representation.
Fig. 2 is centrifugal granulation device in liquid alloy dry granulation of the present invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device The cross section structure diagram of the porous centrifugation revolving cup specific implementation structure of prioritization scheme.
Fig. 3 is the cooling slag particle figure of gained in the embodiment of the present invention three.
Embodiment
Be directed to the granulation difficult processing of liquid alloy in the prior art with meet follow-up alloy smelting technological requirement and remaining The problem of thermal resource recovery utilization rate is low is solved, it is necessary to start with terms of granulating technique, waste heat recovery two simultaneously.With " casting The molten alloy granulating method of iron machine ingot casting+Mechanical Crushing " is compared, and dry granulation method is to get rid of molten alloy by centrifugal force Go out so that the molten alloy droplets thrown away are particle with cooling and solidifying after convection gas heat exchange, granulation are realized, according to the table of molten alloy Face tension force and viscous force, by the rotating speed of centrifugal granulation device in appropriate control dry granulation device, then be readily obtained 50mm with The granulated product of lower particle diameter, and powder phenomenon-tion will not occur, influence of the efflorescence to granulated product is avoided, for liquid alloy Granulation processing for, such granulation granularity condition can preferably meet the requirement of follow-up alloy smelting technique.But The waste heat recovery efficiency how lifted during liquid alloy dry granulation is a new technical barrier again, because if only The waste heat for by convection gas and liquid alloy absorbed using gas after physics heat exchange carries out generation mode, still exists Residual heat resources are taken physics by the problem of cogeneration efficiency is limited, residual heat resources recovery utilization rate is relatively low so must take into consideration Method reclaims the mode of joint chemical recovering method, could improve residual heat resources recovery utilization rate, meanwhile, the united waste heat chemical method of institute Recovery scheme also needs to avoid the pollution to alloying pellet product, also, as the technical requirements in higher level face, waste heat chemistry Product obtained by method recovery scheme itself, had better not contain industrial refuse, to avoid because increasing the place to gained industrial refuse Manage cost and cause the holistic cost of waste heat recovery scheme to increase, or even waste heat chemical recovering method scheme itself products therefrom is best Can be as the industrial products with industrial application value, the exploitation value that can so cause liquid alloy residual heat resources to reclaim It is worth to maximize as far as possible.
Based on above-mentioned technical thought, in order to preferably solve the granulation difficult processing of liquid alloy in the prior art to meet The problem of follow-up alloy smelting technological requirement and its low residual heat resources recovery utilization rate, the invention provides a kind of liquid alloy Dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, and carry out liquid alloy dry granulation and methane using the device The method of steam reforming waste heat recovery processing, while realizing to liquid alloy granulation processing, additionally it is possible to closed to state liquid The waste heat of gold is subject to the required resource that multistage recovery is converted into methane-steam reforming, realizes the physics to residual heat resources The combined recovery of method and chemical method, so as to help to improve the recovery utilization rate to liquid alloy residual heat resources, and waste heat chemistry Method recovery scheme products therefrom is water-gas（Main component is carbon monoxide and hydrogen）, it is the industry with industrial application value Product and be free of industrial refuse product.
Technical scheme is described in detail below.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device mainly by Dry granulation device 10, heat convection bed 20, slag particle collector 30, Reforming catalyst reactor 80, water circulation evaporative condenser 40, water Recycle heat exchanger 50 and the part of methane separation device more than 60 are formed.Wherein, the top of dry granulation device 10 enters provided with liquid alloy Mouthfuls 11 and gas vent 12, the middle part in dry granulation device 10, which be located to be provided with the position directly below of liquid alloy entrance, centrifuges grain Makeup puts 70, and the bottom of dry granulation device 10 connects with the top of the heat convection bed 20 and is connected；Heat convection bed 20 Bottom is provided with funnelform discharging opening 21, and the bottom of heat convection bed 20 is set in the side wall of funnel-form discharging opening opening position There is methane vapor air inlet 22, herein, methane vapor air inlet can be provided only with one, can also be provided with more It is individual, and each methane vapor air inlet is used to be passed through methane vapor, methane gas or vapor；Slag particle collector 30 is then Face is arranged at the unloading position of the lower section of discharging opening 21 of heat convection bed, and water circulation evaporative condenser 40 is arranged at slag particle The bottom of collector 30 simultaneously can carry out heat transfer between slag particle collector, and the water vapour of water circulation evaporative condenser 40 goes out Mouth 41 is communicated to the methane vapor air inlet 22 of heat convection bed 20.Methane vapor is filled with Reforming catalyst reactor 80 Reforming reaction catalyst, the gas vent 12 at the top of dry granulation device 10 are communicated to the air inlet of Reforming catalyst reactor 80, weight The gas outlet of whole catalytic reactor 80 is communicated to the gas of water circulation heat exchanger 50 by being provided with the gas channel of air exhauster 13 Heat exchanger channels entrance is flowed, flows to the air-flow of water circulation heat exchanger 50 from Reforming catalyst reactor 80 by the certain driving air-flow of air exhauster 13 Heat exchanger channels；The air-flow heat exchanger channels outlet of water circulation heat exchanger 50 is to the air inlet of methane separation device 60, and water follows The recirculated water heat exchange steam (vapor) outlet 51 of ring heat exchanger 50 is communicated to the methane vapor air inlet 22 of heat convection bed 20；Methane Separator 60 is then used to isolate methane from the gas of entrance, and by isolated methane and mixed tail gas respectively from Qi Jia Alkane gas vent 61 and the discharge of mixed tail gas outlet 62, and the methane gas outlet 61 of methane separation device is also communicated to heat convection The methane vapor air inlet 22 of bed.
For specific implementation, in the liquid alloy dry granulation of the present invention and methane vapor reforming waste heat recovery dress In putting, according to the surface tension and viscous force of liquid alloy, pass through centrifugal granulation device in appropriate control dry granulation device Rotating speed, is easier to obtain the liquid alloy granulated product of below 50mm particle diameters, while avoids influence of the efflorescence to granulated product, The requirement of follow-up alloy smelting technique can preferably be met.But in order to preferably ensure the granulation effect to liquid alloy, do Centrifugal granulation device in method pelletizer can use the structure design of optimization, the centrifugal granulation device of the optimizing structure design by The rotary drive motor that drive shaft is set straight up and the porous centrifugation in the drive shaft of rotary drive motor turn Cup is formed；As shown in Fig. 2 the porous centrifugation revolving cup 71 has a horizontally disposed bottom of a cup 71a and vertical along bottom of a cup edge The wall of cup 71b upwardly extended, the liquid alloy entrance that is opening up and being right against dry granulation device of porous centrifugation revolving cup 71 are more It is described circumferentially arranged with the through hole 71c for being arranged into some rows from bottom to top from bottom of a cup opening position on the wall of cup 71b of hole centrifugation revolving cup The thickness of wall of cup is 5 ~ 20mm, and the aperture of the through hole is 10 ~ 40mm, is arranged between the two neighboring through hole edge of same a line Spacing be 5 ~ 20mm, the spacing being arranged between the two neighboring through hole edge of adjacent rows is 6 ~ 30mm, and per adjacent two Capable through hole is staggered.The centrifugal granulation device of the optimization structure employs the porous centrifugation revolving cup of Unique physical design, more Hole centrifugation revolving cup wall of cup extend straight up along bottom of a cup edge, and on wall of cup circumferentially arranged with from bottom of a cup opening position from bottom to top The through hole of some rows is arranged into, so as to which during centrifugal granulation, the liquid alloy into porous centrifugation revolving cup is difficult to from cup The top edge of wall is thrown away, but rotary centrifugal force effect under be forced from the through hole on wall of cup squeeze gush, formed diameter with The suitable slag liquidus of through-hole aperture, and subsequently break up, be granulated into molten drop, so as to which the generation of block slag and slag wool be greatly reduced； The aperture of through hole is 10 ~ 40mm on the wall of cup of porous centrifugation revolving cup, and the liquid alloy molten drop size being thrown out of is by through-hole aperture Limitation, hence in so that the cooling granulation particle diameter obtained after the cooling of liquid alloy molten drop is also mainly distributed on 10 ~ 40mm section （It can ensure that alloying pellet mass percent of the granularity in aperture size X ~ (X+10) mm of revolving cup through hole accounts for 80 ~ 90%）, nothing Pulverization process need to be carried out again just can be directly used for stainless steel smelting production；Also, due on porous centrifugation revolving cup wall of cup Through hole is provided with multilayer from bottom to top from bottom of a cup opening position, during centrifugal granulation, no matter it is porous centrifugation revolving cup in liquid close When the accumulation of gold is less or more, well liquid alloy through hole of different height from wall of cup can be caused to gush out and obtain With granulation, so that porous centrifugation revolving cup can be good at adapting to the change of different liquid alloy feed rates, reduce and set The standby limitation to liquid alloy feed rate, while also enable the rotational energy for rotating porous centrifugation revolving cup in granulation to obtain Utilized to sufficient, centrifugal granulation device can be run with higher rotating speed, to improve granulated processed efficiency；It is in addition, porous The thickness for centrifuging revolving cup wall of cup is 5 ~ 20mm, because wall of cup thickness is unsuitable excessive, otherwise the axial length of through hole is long on wall of cup Easily cause slag to adhere in through-holes, and then easily through hole is blocked, cause through hole utilization rate to decline；And porous centrifugation revolving cup Between through hole on wall of cup, the spacing being arranged between the two neighboring through hole edge of same a line is 5 ~ 20mm, is arranged in adjacent Spacing between the two neighboring through hole edge of two rows is 6 ~ 30mm, and the through hole per adjacent rows is staggered, and is so to protect The distribution situation for demonstrate,proving through hole on porous centrifugation revolving cup will not be excessively intensive and cause the slag liquidus gushed out from different through holes or molten Drip the mutual conglomeration again because of hypotelorism, influence be granulated effect, also ensure through hole distribution situation will not be excessively sparse and lead The less slag for causing accumulation in revolving cup of number of openings on porous centrifugation revolving cup wall of cup is caused not discharge quickly.As can be seen here, have The centrifugal granulation apparatus structure for having the porous centrifugation revolving cup of the optimization design can preferably ensure the granulation effect to liquid alloy Fruit, and liquid alloy is granulated by porous centrifugation revolving cup, utilization of the centrifugal granulation device to rotational energy can be greatly improved Efficiency, and then it is favorably improved granulated processed efficiency.
In addition, the specific implementation of the liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device in the present invention In, moving bed or fluid bed can be used to carry out the heat convection bed of methane-steam reforming, is avoided because completely Redesign heat convection bed and increase device manufacturing cost.And methane separation device is mainly used for the one of reforming reaction generation Methane in the mixed gas that carbonoxide, hydrogen and the complete methane vapor of unreacted are formed is separated with other gases, can To be achieved using stage variable pressure adsorption tower, its specific methane separation implementation belongs to prior art, is not the present invention Innovation point, no longer add to describe herein.
Liquid alloy is implemented using the liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device of the present invention Dry granulation and the method for methane vapor reforming waste heat recovery, specific implementation step are as follows：
1）Startup optimization liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, control its dry granulation Centrifugal granulation device rotary speed is 100 ~ 300rpm in device, and is passed through first into heat convection bed by its methane vapor air inlet Alkane vapor, liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device are driven by the air exhauster on gas channel Interior airflow circulating；
2）The liquid alloy entrance that liquid alloy is injected at the top of dry granulation device, the centrifugation grain flowed into dry granulation device Makeup is put, and is thrown out of under the action of the centrifugal force, is subsequently broken up, is granulated into molten drop, and liquid alloy molten drop in-flight is on surface Tension force and the air-flow with rising in dry granulation device carry out heat convection, are frozen into alloying pellet, fall into heat convection bed；
3）Alloying pellet into heat convection bed is continuing whereabouts and the process of stop is piled up in heat convection bed In, the air-flow with rising in heat convection bed carries out heat convection again so that alloying pellet cools, then from heat convection bed The discharging opening of bottom is emitted into slag particle collector and collected, and in the alloying pellet and water circulation evaporative condenser of slag particle collector Device carries out heat exchange so that the recirculated water in water circulation evaporative condenser, which is heated, to be evaporated vapor and incited somebody to action by steam outlet Vapor is delivered to the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed, hence into being participated in heat convection bed and dry granulation device Reforming reaction；
4）In step 2）~3）During, under the swabbing action of the air exhauster on gas channel, enter from methane vapor The methane vapor that gas port enters heat convection bed is flowed upwardly into dry granulation device, and in heat convection bed and dry granulation device It is interior to be heated up with alloying pellet contact heat-exchanging, Reforming catalyst reactor then is flowed into from the gas vent at the top of dry granulation device, is made Reforming reaction generation carbon monoxide occurs in the presence of methane-steam reforming catalyst for the methane vapor that must be heated And hydrogen, the mixed gas that then carbon monoxide, hydrogen and the complete methane vapor of unreacted are formed are entered by gas channel Enter and exchanged heat in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger, the vapor in mixed gas is in water circulation heat exchanger Be condensed separation in air-flow heat exchanger channels, while causes the recirculated water of water circulation heat exchanger is heated to evaporate vapor and pass through Vapor is delivered to the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed by recirculated water heat exchange steam (vapor) outlet, hence into heat convection Reforming reaction is participated in bed and dry granulation device；The mixed gas for removing vapor is changed by the air-flow of water circulation heat exchanger again Passage of heat outlet flows into methane separation device so that removes the methane in the mixed gas of vapor and is divided in methane separation device Export and discharge from methane gas from after, heat convection bed is then come back to by the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed With reforming reaction is participated in dry granulation device, and remove the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas of vapor, hydrogen in methane separation Discharged in device with being exported after methane separation from mixed tail gas.
Pass through the above-mentioned liquid alloy dry granulation of the present invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device and its liquid Alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming exhaust heat recovering method can see, and come present invention employs dry granulation method more preferable Refinement granulation effect of the guarantee to liquid alloy, and control in dry granulation device centrifugal granulation device rotary speed for 100 ~ 300rpm, reason are, are analyzed according to the surface tension of liquid alloy and viscous force, the energy under 100 ~ 300rpm speed conditions Enough preferably control liquid alloy granulation particle diameters are mainly distributed on below 50mm, also, if with reference to above-mentioned optimization structure from Heart granulating device, can by design the aperture of through hole on wall of cup preferably control to the granulation particle diameter of liquid alloy, Neng Goubao Demonstrate,prove alloying pellet mass percent of the granularity in aperture size X ~ (X+10) mm of revolving cup through hole and account for 80 ~ 90% so that gained closes Gold grain granularity can better meet the requirement of follow-up alloy smelting technique.Meanwhile dry granulation is being carried out to liquid alloy Under conditions of, Physical three-level recovery united with chemical method also has been carried out to the residual heat resources of liquid alloy.Wherein, the first order Waste heat recovery is to combine to carry out in heat convection bed, dry granulation device and Reforming catalyst reactor, from methane vapor air inlet Mouthful enter methane vapor directly contacted with liquid alloy in heat convection bed and dry granulation device, by physics conduct heat and It is heated, the temperature conditionss needed for methane-steam reforming can be reached（More than 750 DEG C）, the process also cause inject dry method The liquid alloy of pelletizer, which is cooled, to be granulated into after alloying pellet further by absorbing and cooling temperature, then passes through heat convection bed bottom The discharging opening in portion is emitted into slag particle collector, and the methane vapor after being heated is urged because the swabbing action of air exhauster flows into reformation Change reactor, reforming reaction occurs under the catalytic action of methane-steam reforming catalyst so that methane and vapor Highly endothermic reforming reaction generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen occurs：CH4+ H2O → CO+3H2,ΔH=205.7kJ/mol；Herein During, the waste heat of liquid alloy is used to the chemical heat energy as methane-steam reforming, and waste heat is then converted into instead The mixed gas of gained after answering（Main component is carbon monoxide, hydrogen and the complete methane vapor of unreacted）A large amount of gases Sensible heat.And second level waste heat recovery is used as, under the swabbing action of the air exhauster on gas channel, in wholly liquid state alloy dry method In granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, it can be formed from heat convection bed to dry granulation device, be urged again to reformation The circulating current change reactor, arrive water circulation heat exchanger again, arrive methane separation device again, being returned to heat convection bed, so as to promote Make the mixed gas after reforming reaction in Reforming catalyst reactor with a large amount of sensible heats（Main component be carbon monoxide, Hydrogen and the complete methane vapor of unreacted）Entered by gas channel in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger, Exchanged heat with the recirculated water in the recirculated water heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger, during being somebody's turn to do, the water in mixed gas steams Gas is condensed separation in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger, at the same cause the recirculated water of water circulation heat exchanger by Thermal evaporation goes out vapor and vapor is delivered to the methane vapor of heat convection bed entered by the recirculated water steam (vapor) outlet that exchanges heat Gas port, as the vapor resource for entering participation reforming reaction in heat convection bed and dry granulation device, and due to gaseous mixture The temperature of body is high, contained sensible heat amount is big, therefore can be exchanged heat by water circulation heat exchanger and produce substantial amounts of vapor and be supplied in Reforming reaction.Third level waste heat recovery is carried out between slag particle collector and water circulation evaporative condenser, because slag particle is collected Alloying pellet collected by device still has higher temperature, therefore further reclaims slag particle collector by water circulation evaporative condenser The waste heat of interior alloying pellet, and vapor caused by the heat absorption of water circulation evaporative condenser will be delivered to pair by its steam outlet The methane vapor air inlet of heat exchange bed is flowed, also serves as entering the water that reforming reaction is participated in heat convection bed and dry granulation device Steam resource.It can thus be seen that the three-level waste heat recovery being combined by above-mentioned Physical and chemical method, liquid alloy it is remaining Thermal resource is used to heat energy supply and chemical energy supply as methane-steam reforming, and liquid alloy is passed by physics Heat then passes through two different phase quilts to the waste heat of itself after the heat energy of gained mixed gas after reforming reaction and alloy heat transfer For converting generation vapor and returning to participation reforming reaction, new vapor is passed through so as to be greatly decreased into heat convection bed Supply, the purpose for reducing the production cost of vapor resource needed for methane-steam reforming is reached, has effectively increased To the organic efficiency and utilization rate of liquid alloy residual heat resources.Moreover, after above-mentioned processing, from liquid alloy dry method grain The methane separation device mixed tail gas of change and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device exports the master in discharged mixed tail gas Want the mixed gas that composition is carbon monoxide, hydrogen（That is water-gas）, wherein not containing industrial refuse gas not only, avoid volume Outer industrial refuse processing cost, and water-gas or a kind of more conventional industrial fuel and hydrogen feedstock, right and wrong often with There are the industrial products of industrial application value, further embody optimization profit of the present invention program for liquid alloy residual heat resources With.And the solution of the present invention can be used for AlMg systems alloy, AlSi systems alloy, CaSi systems alloy, MnSi systems alloy, FeSi It is alloy, FeMn systems alloy, FeCr systems alloy, FeNi systems alloy, FeV systems alloy, FeMo systems alloy, FeW systems alloy, FeTi systems The granulation processing of the liquid alloys such as alloy, application field are very extensive.In addition, the liquid alloy dry granulation and methane of the present invention Steam reforming waste-heat recovery device and method, it not only can be only used for realizing the reformation of methane vapor, also can be used in reality The reformation of the alkanes light hydrocarbons such as existing propane and vapor, and there is similar technical principle and effect.
Technical principle based on liquid alloy dry granulation of the present invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, as Further improvement project, as shown in figure 1, the water circulation heat exchanger 50 in device is additionally operable to collect in its air-flow heat exchanger channels Vapor cools down condensed condensed water and discharged by condensing water output 52, and the condensed water output of water circulation heat exchanger Mouth 52 is connected with the recirculated water water leg 42 of water circulation evaporative condenser 40；Since so, the air-flow of water circulation heat exchanger The condensed water that mixed gas in heat exchanger channels is condensed by heat exchange, which can be then collected, is delivered to water circulation evaporative condenser Recirculated water water leg so that these condensed waters be used in water circulation evaporative condenser with slag particle collector heat exchange be evaporated to Vapor, and then be delivered back into again in heat convection bed and dry granulation device and participate in reforming reaction, realize to condensed water and Its cold resource recycles.And it is used as liquid alloy dry granulation of the present invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device The improvement project of another aspect, as shown in figure 1, in device between the discharging opening 21 and slag particle collector 30 of heat convection bed 20 also Plate feed 90 can be had additional, is handled to carry out the discharging opening of heat convection bed to the feeding and distributing material of slag particle collector； Since so, plate feed can be passed through so that fall into the slag particle of slag particle collector in slag from the discharging opening of heat convection bed Laid more uniformly in grain collector, avoid collection of the slag particle in slag particle collector in heat convection bed discharging opening lower position In pile up and cause radiating uneven, so as to the heat between the slag particle and water circulation evaporative condenser that are more beneficial in slag particle collector Conduction, can preferably ensure heat exchange efficiency of the alloying pellet with water circulation evaporative condenser in slag particle collector.Above-mentioned two The improvement project of aspect, improved by the structure of not ipsilateral so that liquid alloy dry granulation of the invention and methane water steam Gas, which reforms waste-heat recovery device, can possess more preferable heat recovery efficiency.
In addition it should be noted that methane-steam reforming involved in technical solution of the present invention, has been The more ripe technology of one application, thus be passed through needed for its reaction methane, the usage ratio of vapor, and methane water steams Gas reforming reaction catalyst it is specifically chosen, be that those skilled in the art can be grasped according to its technological know-how, in addition Further related to liquid alloy UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN in technical solution of the present invention in generation vapor resource provisioning in reforming reaction, therefore In practical operation, those skilled in the art can be according to the supply of liquid alloy waste heat output vapor, and appropriate adjustment is extra Be passed through methane, vapor is supplied in the usage ratio of reforming reaction, to meet actual processing operational requirements.
Technical scheme and its effect are further described in conjunction with embodiment below.It should be appreciated that It is that these embodiments are only used for further illustrating embodiment of the present invention, rather than for limiting the present invention.
Embodiment one：Liquid magnesium alloy dry granulation and waste heat recovery.
Using liquid alloy dry granulation of the present invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device to liquid magnesium alloy Granulation and waste heat recovery operation are carried out, and using the centrifugal granulation device of optimization structure proposed by the present invention in dry granulation device. Startup optimization liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, and pass through its methane vapor air inlet Methane vapor is passed through into heat convection bed, liquid alloy dry granulation and methane water are driven by the air exhauster on gas channel Airflow circulating in steam reforming waste-heat recovery device；Then 800 ~ 900 DEG C of liquid magnesium alloy is injected into dry granulation device The liquid alloy entrance at top, the centrifugal granulation device flowed into dry granulation device, centrifugal granulation device used is using the present invention The optimization structure of proposition, a diameter of 55 mm of its porous centrifugation revolving cup, is highly 135 mm, and wall of cup thickness is 20mm, on wall of cup The aperture of through hole is 40mm, and the spacing being arranged between the two neighboring through hole edge of same a line is 20mm, is arranged in adjacent two Spacing between capable two neighboring through hole edge is 30mm, and it is 100rpm to control centrifugal granulation device rotary speed, flows into centrifugation grain Disguise the liquid magnesium alloy put to be thrown out of under the action of the centrifugal force, subsequently break up, be granulated into molten drop, and liquid magnesium in-flight Aluminium alloy molten drop carries out heat convection in surface tension and with the air-flow that rises in dry granulation device, is frozen into magnesium alloy Grain, falls into heat convection bed to pile up and is emitted into slag particle from the funnelform discharging opening in heat convection bed bottom after a period of time and collects Device is collected, and the air-flow risen during being somebody's turn to do in magnesium alloy particle convection heat transfer bed carries out heat convection again so that magnesium Aluminum alloy granule temperature is down to 500 DEG C or so, therefore the magnesium alloy particle in slag particle collector is cold with water circulation evaporation again Condenser carries out heat exchange, and its remaining sensible heat is converted into the vapor needed for reforming reaction；And during above-mentioned, in air-flow Under the swabbing action of air exhauster on passage, enter the methane vapor of heat convection bed to upstream from methane vapor air inlet Enter in dry granulation device, and in heat convection bed and dry granulation device with magnesium alloy particle contact heat-exchanging heat up, then from Gas vent at the top of dry granulation device flows into Reforming catalyst reactor so that heated methane vapor is in methane vapor weight Reforming reaction generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen occur in the presence of whole catalysts, then carbon monoxide, hydrogen and unreacted The mixed gas that complete methane vapor is formed is entered by gas channel in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger Exchanged heat, the vapor in mixed gas is condensed separation in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger, makes simultaneously Water circulation heat exchanger recirculated water it is heated evaporate vapor, so as to which the sensible heat of mixed gas is converted into reforming reaction institute The vapor needed, and remove the mixed gas of vapor（Main component is CH4, CO and H2）Pass through water circulation heat exchanger again The outlet of air-flow heat exchanger channels flows into methane separation device so that and methane therein is exported from methane gas after being separated and discharged, and Continue to cool down magnesium alloy with another same flow back in heat convection bed and dry granulation device of vapor generated using waste heat afterwards Grain simultaneously participate in reforming reaction, and remove the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas of vapor, hydrogen in methane separation device with methane Export and discharge from mixed tail gas after separation, and then the mixed gas to carbon monoxide, hydrogen can be exported by mixed tail gas（Water Coal gas）Collected and utilized, such as to as fuel energy or hydrogen feedstock etc..The present embodiment is to liquid magnesium alloy grain In the magnesium alloy particle for changing processing gained, particle diameter is that 40 ~ 50mm alloying pellet mass percent accounts for 83.6%.
Embodiment two：Liquid Antaciron dry granulation and waste heat recovery.
Using liquid alloy dry granulation of the present invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device to liquid Antaciron Granulation and waste heat recovery operation are carried out, and using the centrifugal granulation device of optimization structure proposed by the present invention in dry granulation device. Startup optimization liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, and pass through its methane vapor air inlet Methane vapor is passed through into heat convection bed, liquid alloy dry granulation and methane water are driven by the air exhauster on gas channel Airflow circulating in steam reforming waste-heat recovery device；Then 1450 DEG C or so of liquid Antaciron is injected into dry granulation device The liquid alloy entrance at top, the centrifugal granulation device flowed into dry granulation device, centrifugal granulation device used is using the present invention The optimization structure of proposition, a diameter of 55 mm of its porous centrifugation revolving cup, is highly 135 mm, and wall of cup thickness is 10mm, on wall of cup The aperture of through hole is 20mm, and the spacing being arranged between the two neighboring through hole edge of same a line is 10mm, is arranged in adjacent two Spacing between capable two neighboring through hole edge is 15mm, and it is 200rpm to control centrifugal granulation device rotary speed, flows into centrifugation grain Disguise the liquid Antaciron put to be thrown out of under the action of the centrifugal force, subsequently break up, be granulated into molten drop, and liquid-state silicon in-flight Ferroalloy molten drop carries out heat convection in surface tension and with the air-flow that rises in dry granulation device, is frozen into Antaciron Grain, falls into heat convection bed to pile up and is emitted into slag particle from the funnelform discharging opening in heat convection bed bottom after a period of time and collects Device is collected, and the air-flow risen during being somebody's turn to do in Antaciron particle convection heat transfer bed carries out heat convection again so that silicon Ferroalloy particles temperature is down to 800 DEG C or so, therefore the Antaciron particle in slag particle collector is cold with water circulation evaporation again Condenser carries out heat exchange, and its remaining sensible heat is converted into the vapor needed for reforming reaction；And during above-mentioned, in air-flow Under the swabbing action of air exhauster on passage, enter the methane vapor of heat convection bed to upstream from methane vapor air inlet Enter in dry granulation device, and in heat convection bed and dry granulation device with Antaciron particle contact heat-exchanging heat up, then from Gas vent at the top of dry granulation device flows into Reforming catalyst reactor so that heated methane vapor is in methane vapor weight Reforming reaction generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen occur in the presence of whole catalysts, then carbon monoxide, hydrogen and unreacted The mixed gas that complete methane vapor is formed is entered by gas channel in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger Exchanged heat, the vapor in mixed gas is condensed separation in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger, makes simultaneously Water circulation heat exchanger recirculated water it is heated evaporate vapor, so as to which the sensible heat of mixed gas is converted into reforming reaction institute The vapor needed, and remove the mixed gas of vapor（Main component is CH4, CO and H2）Pass through water circulation heat exchanger again The outlet of air-flow heat exchanger channels flows into methane separation device so that and methane therein is exported from methane gas after being separated and discharged, and Continue to cool down Antaciron with another same flow back in heat convection bed and dry granulation device of vapor generated using waste heat afterwards Grain simultaneously participate in reforming reaction, and remove the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas of vapor, hydrogen in methane separation device with methane Export and discharge from mixed tail gas after separation, and then the mixed gas to carbon monoxide, hydrogen can be exported by mixed tail gas（Water Coal gas）Collected and utilized, such as to as fuel energy or hydrogen feedstock etc..The present embodiment is to liquid Antaciron grain In the Antaciron particle for changing processing gained, particle diameter is that 20 ~ 30mm alloying pellet mass percent accounts for 84.8%.
Embodiment three：Liquid vanadium iron dry granulation and waste heat recovery.
Using liquid alloy dry granulation of the present invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device to liquid vanadium iron Granulation and waste heat recovery operation are carried out, and using the centrifugal granulation device of optimization structure proposed by the present invention in dry granulation device. Startup optimization liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, and pass through its methane vapor air inlet Methane vapor is passed through into heat convection bed, liquid alloy dry granulation and methane water are driven by the air exhauster on gas channel Airflow circulating in steam reforming waste-heat recovery device；Then 1750 DEG C or so of liquid vanadium iron is injected into dry granulation device The liquid alloy entrance at top, the centrifugal granulation device flowed into dry granulation device, centrifugal granulation device used is using the present invention The optimization structure of proposition, a diameter of 55 mm of its porous centrifugation revolving cup, is highly 135 mm, and wall of cup thickness is 5mm, on wall of cup The aperture of through hole is 10mm, and the spacing being arranged between the two neighboring through hole edge of same a line is 5mm, is arranged in adjacent rows Two neighboring through hole edge between spacing be 6mm, it is 300rpm to control centrifugal granulation device rotary speed, flow into centrifugal granulation dress The liquid vanadium iron put is thrown out of under the action of the centrifugal force, is subsequently broken up, is granulated into molten drop, and liquid vanadium iron in-flight closes Golden molten drop carries out heat convection in surface tension and with the air-flow that rises in dry granulation device, is frozen into vanadium iron particle, Fall into heat convection bed to pile up and be emitted into slag particle collector from the funnelform discharging opening in heat convection bed bottom after a period of time Collected, the air-flow risen during being somebody's turn to do in vanadium iron particle convection heat transfer bed carries out heat convection again so that vanadium iron Alloying pellet temperature is down to 1100 DEG C or so, thus the vanadium iron particle in slag particle collector again with water circulation evaporative condenser Device carries out heat exchange, and its remaining sensible heat is converted into the vapor needed for reforming reaction；And during above-mentioned, lead in air-flow Under the swabbing action of air exhauster on road, the methane vapor that heat convection bed is entered from methane vapor air inlet flows upwardly into In dry granulation device, and heated up in heat convection bed and dry granulation device with vanadium iron particle contact heat-exchanging, then from dry Gas vent at the top of method pelletizer flows into Reforming catalyst reactor so that heated methane vapor is in methane vapor reforming Reforming reaction generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen occur in the presence of catalysts, then carbon monoxide, hydrogen and unreacted are complete The mixed gas that is formed of methane vapor enter in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger by gas channel Row heat exchange, the vapor in mixed gas are condensed separation in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger, simultaneously so that The recirculated water of water circulation heat exchanger is heated to evaporate vapor, so as to which the sensible heat of mixed gas is converted into needed for reforming reaction Vapor, and remove the mixed gas of vapor（Main component is CH4, CO and H2）Pass through the gas of water circulation heat exchanger again The outlet of stream heat exchanger channels flows into methane separation device so that methane therein is exported from methane gas after being separated and discharged, then Continue to cool down vanadium iron particle with another same flow back in heat convection bed and dry granulation device of vapor generated using waste heat And reforming reaction is participated in, and remove the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas of vapor, hydrogen and divide in methane separation device with methane Export and discharge from mixed tail gas from after, and then the mixed gas to carbon monoxide, hydrogen can be exported by mixed tail gas（Water coal Gas）Collected and utilized, such as to as fuel energy or hydrogen feedstock etc..The present embodiment is granulated to liquid vanadium iron In the vanadium iron particle for handling gained, particle diameter is that 10 ~ 20mm alloying pellet mass percent accounts for 87.2%.
Fig. 3, which is shown, is granulated resulting cooling slag particle in embodiment three., can by the cooling slag particle situation shown in Fig. 3 It is the cooling that method obtains using liquid alloy dry granulation of the present invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device to see Slag particle, its vitrifying degree is very high, and its slag particle particle diameter distribution is uniform, and sphericity is good, and slag wool and efflorescence thing are few, and grain Degree is mainly distributed on 10 ~ 20mm scopes, can directly meet follow-up alloy smelting technological requirement, and the utilization rate for cooling down slag particle is high.
In summary, liquid alloy dry granulation of the invention and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device structure be more Simply, production is implemented and uses operation all relatively simple, and combines its liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming Exhaust heat recovering method, while realizing to liquid alloy granulation processing, additionally it is possible to pass through physics to the waste heat of state liquid alloy The multistage recovery of method joint chemical method is converted into the required resource of methane-steam reforming, can help to improve and liquid is closed The recovery utilization rate of golden residual heat resources, so as to effectively solve the granulation difficult processing of liquid alloy in the prior art to meet subsequently to close The problem of golden smelting process requirement and its low residual heat resources recovery utilization rate, there is good industrial application value, can be in state Interior smelter popularization and application.
Finally illustrate, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to compared with The present invention is described in detail good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention Art scheme is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departing from the objective and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover at this Among the right of invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, it is characterised in that including dry method grain Change device, heat convection bed, slag particle collector, Reforming catalyst reactor, water circulation evaporative condenser, water circulation heat exchanger and first Alkane separator；
The top of the dry granulation device is provided with liquid alloy entrance and gas vent, and the middle part in dry granulation device is located at liquid Centrifugal granulation device, the bottom of dry granulation device and the top of the heat convection bed are provided with the position directly below of alloy inlet Connect connection；The bottom of heat convection bed is provided with funnelform discharging opening, and the bottom of heat convection bed goes out close to funnel-form The side wall of material mouth opening position is provided with methane vapor air inlet；The slag particle collector face is arranged at going out for heat convection bed At unloading position below material mouth, the water circulation evaporative condenser is arranged at the bottom of slag particle collector and can received with slag particle Heat transfer is carried out between storage, and the steam outlet of water circulation evaporative condenser is communicated to the methane vapor of heat convection bed Air inlet；
It is filled with methane-steam reforming catalyst in the Reforming catalyst reactor, the gas at the top of dry granulation device goes out Mouth is communicated to the air inlet of Reforming catalyst reactor, and the gas outlet of Reforming catalyst reactor is led to by being provided with the air-flow of air exhauster Road is communicated to the air-flow heat exchanger channels entrance of water circulation heat exchanger, is flowed to by air exhauster certain driving air-flow from Reforming catalyst reactor The air-flow heat exchanger channels of water circulation heat exchanger；The air-flow heat exchanger channels outlet of the water circulation heat exchanger to methane divides Recirculated water heat exchange steam (vapor) outlet from the air inlet of device, and water circulation heat exchanger is communicated to the methane vapor of heat convection bed Air inlet, the water circulation heat exchanger are additionally operable to collect vapor in its air-flow heat exchanger channels and cool down condensed condensed water simultaneously Discharged by condensing water output, and the recirculated water of the condensation water output and water circulation evaporative condenser of water circulation heat exchanger Water leg is connected；The methane separation device is used to isolate methane from the gas of entrance, and by isolated methane and Mixed tail gas is respectively from the outlet of its methane gas and mixed tail gas outlet discharge, and the methane gas outlet of methane separation device also connects Pass to the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed.
2. liquid alloy dry granulation according to claim 1 and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, its feature It is, the rotary drive motor and installation that the centrifugal granulation device in the dry granulation device is set straight up by drive shaft Porous centrifugation revolving cup in the drive shaft of rotary drive motor is formed；The porous centrifugation revolving cup has a horizontally disposed cup Bottom and the wall of cup extended straight up along bottom of a cup edge, it is porous to centrifuge the opening up of revolving cup and be right against dry granulation device Liquid alloy entrance, circumferentially arranged with from bottom of a cup opening position some rows is arranged into from bottom to top on the wall of cup of porous centrifugation revolving cup Through hole, the thickness of the wall of cup is 5 ~ 20mm, and the aperture of the through hole is 10 ~ 40mm, is arranged in the two neighboring logical of same a line Spacing between bore edges is 5 ~ 20mm, and the spacing being arranged between the two neighboring through hole edge of adjacent rows is 6 ~ 30mm, And the through hole per adjacent rows is staggered.
3. liquid alloy dry granulation according to claim 1 and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, its feature It is, the heat convection bed is moving bed or fluid bed.
4. liquid alloy dry granulation according to claim 1 and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, its feature It is, the methane separation device uses stage variable pressure adsorption tower.
5. liquid alloy dry granulation according to claim 1 and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, its feature It is, plate feed is provided between the discharging opening and slag particle collector of the heat convection bed, to carry out heat convection bed Feeding of the discharging opening to slag particle collector.
6. a kind of liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming exhaust heat recovering method, it is characterised in that using such as right It is required that the liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device described in 1 are implemented as follows：
1）Startup optimization liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device, control in its dry granulation device Centrifugal granulation device rotary speed is 100 ~ 300rpm, and methane water is passed through into heat convection bed by its methane vapor air inlet Steam, driven by the air exhauster on gas channel in liquid alloy dry granulation and methane vapor reforming waste-heat recovery device Airflow circulating；
2）The liquid alloy entrance that liquid alloy is injected at the top of dry granulation device, the centrifugal granulation dress flowed into dry granulation device Put, be thrown out of under the action of the centrifugal force, subsequently break up, be granulated into molten drop, and liquid alloy molten drop in-flight is in surface tension And the air-flow with rising in dry granulation device carries out heat convection, is frozen into alloying pellet, falls into heat convection bed；
3）Into heat convection bed alloying pellet during continuing to fall and in heat convection bed pile up stop, with The air-flow risen in heat convection bed carries out heat convection again so that alloying pellet cools, then from heat convection bed bottom Discharging opening be emitted into slag particle collector and collected, and enter in the alloying pellet of slag particle collector with water circulation evaporative condenser Row heat exchange so that the recirculated water in water circulation evaporative condenser, which is heated, to be evaporated vapor and steamed water by steam outlet Gas is delivered to the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed, is reformed hence into participation in heat convection bed and dry granulation device Reaction；
4）In step 2）~3）During, under the swabbing action of the air exhauster on gas channel, from methane vapor air inlet Methane vapor into heat convection bed is flowed upwardly into dry granulation device, and in heat convection bed and dry granulation device with Alloying pellet contact heat-exchanging heats up, and then flows into Reforming catalyst reactor from the gas vent at the top of dry granulation device so that by Reforming reaction generation carbon monoxide and hydrogen occur in the presence of methane-steam reforming catalyst for the methane vapor of heat Gas, the mixed gas that then carbon monoxide, hydrogen and the complete methane vapor of unreacted are formed enter water by gas channel Exchanged heat in the air-flow heat exchanger channels of recycle heat exchanger, air-flow of the vapor in mixed gas in water circulation heat exchanger Be condensed separation in heat exchanger channels, while causes the recirculated water of water circulation heat exchanger is heated to evaporate vapor and pass through circulation Vapor is delivered to the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed by water heat exchange steam (vapor) outlet, hence into heat convection bed and Reforming reaction is participated in dry granulation device；The mixed gas for removing vapor is logical by the air-flow heat exchange of water circulation heat exchanger again Road outlet flow into methane separation device so that remove the methane in the mixed gas of vapor in methane separation device be separated after Export and discharge from methane gas, heat convection bed is then come back to by the methane vapor air inlet of heat convection bed and done Reforming reaction is participated in method pelletizer, and removes the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas of vapor, hydrogen in methane separation device Discharged with being exported after methane separation from mixed tail gas.
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