CN105826473B - A kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type solar batteries, including conductive substrates, electron transfer layer, insulating buffer layer, perovskite light absorbing layer, hole transmission layer, metal electrode, the perovskite light absorbing layer is prepared using gas phase assisted solution method, and the hole transmission layer is acetylacetone copper and Spiro-OMeTAD composite layer.The invention also discloses the preparation methods of the high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type solar battery.Ca-Ti ore type solar cell photoelectric high conversion efficiency prepared by the present invention, stability is good, and preparation process is simple, at low cost.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to area of solar cell, are specifically related to a kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery.
Background technique:
Perovskite solar battery is a kind of one kind to grow up on the basis of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC)
Novel solar battery.It is to be equal to 2009 to propose by Japanese Scientists Kojima earliest, and structure is applied completely
DSSC battery, only common organic dyestuff is by CH3NH3PbI3Or CH3NH3PbBr3Substitution, general incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency are more than
3%.Halogenation methylamine lead (CH3NH3PbX3) there is perovskite structure, therefore this kind of solar battery is referred to as perovskite solar energy
Battery.Halogenation methylamine lead has suitable forbidden bandwidth (CH3NH3PbI3Forbidden bandwidth is 1.5eV, CH3NH3PbBr3Forbidden bandwidth
For 2.3eV) and the higher absorption coefficient of light, along with the introducing of organic hole semiconductor pass material, especially with
Spiro-OMeTAD replaces traditional liquid electrolyte, the photoelectricity of the novel solar battery device based on halogenation methylamine lead material
Transformation efficiency is greatly improved, so that this kind of solar battery be made to show very tempting application prospect, becomes
Numerous researchers and solar battery industry focus of attention in recent years.
But Spiro-OMeTAD material price is expensive, stability is bad, and thin using perovskite made from conventional method
Film pin hole is more, and roughness is big, poor quality, has seriously affected the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar battery, and perovskite light absorption
The interface of layer and electron transfer layer can also occur that electrons and holes are compound, to influence the photoelectric properties of solar battery.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of perovskite solar batteries, and the solar cell stability is good, photoelectric conversion
High-efficient, preparation cost is low.
It is a further object to provide the preparation methods of the perovskite solar battery.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery, the Ca-Ti ore type solar battery include conductive substrates, electron transfer layer, absolutely
Edge buffer layer, perovskite light absorbing layer, hole transmission layer, metal electrode, the perovskite light absorbing layer are assisted molten using gas phase
The preparation of liquid method, the hole transmission layer are acetylacetone copper and Spiro-OMeTAD composite layer.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the electron transfer layer is multilayered structure, including n-type doping semiconductor oxide
Nitride layer and N-shaped intrinsic semiconductor oxide skin(coating), n-type doping semiconductor oxide nitride layer with a thickness of 10-30nm, N-shaped is intrinsic partly to lead
Bulk oxide layer with a thickness of 30-50nm.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the N-shaped intrinsic semiconductor oxide is zinc oxide, one in titanium oxide
Kind, the doped chemical is one of aluminium, manganese, magnesium elements.
A kind of preparation method of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery, comprising the following steps:
(1) conductive substrates are successively used deionized water, acetone and aqueous isopropanol to impregnate and ultrasound, finally with being dried with nitrogen
And 15min is handled through UV ozone, for use；
(2) solution of n-type doping conductor oxidate is spun in conductive substrates with 2000-4000 revs/min of revolving speed,
70-75 DEG C of low-temperature annealing 10-15min, then by the solution of N-shaped intrinsic semiconductor oxide with 3000-5000 revs/min of revolving speed
It is spun in n-type doping semiconductor oxide nitride layer, 70-75 DEG C of annealing 15min obtains electron transfer layer；
(3) by Al2O3Precursor solution is added drop-wise on electron transfer layer, 30-50s is stood, then at 1000-3000 revs/min
In the state of spin coating 30s, be sintered 50-100min at 450-500 DEG C, be cooled to room temperature, obtain insulating buffer layer；
(4) by PbX2Precursor solution is spin-coated on insulating buffer layer, then heats 15-30min at 80-100 DEG C, from
It being placed in vacuum oven together with iodide powder after so cooling, is 10-20KPa in pressure, temperature is at 150-170 DEG C,
Heat iodide powder, after evaporation with PbX2Film reacts 50-120min, generates perovskite, after natural cooling with isopropanol into
Row cleaning, finally the dry 15-30min at 150-170 DEG C, obtains perovskite light absorbing layer；
(5) the spin coating acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione precursor solution on perovskite light absorbing layer, the heating crystalline at 80-100 DEG C
20min is cooled to room temperature, then the Spiro-OMeTAD of 20 μ l of spin coating, obtains composite hole transporting layer；
(6) metal electrode that vapor deposition a layer thickness is 60-100nm on the hole transport layer, obtains Ca-Ti ore type solar energy
Battery.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in step (4), the PbX2The solvent of precursor solution is N, N- dimethyl
One of formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, gamma-butyrolacton, the PbX2PbX in precursor solution2Concentration be 400-500mg/
mL。
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in step (5), the concentration of the acetylacetone copper precursor solution is 1.5-
3mg/ml, the revolving speed of spin coating are 4500r/s, time 30s.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in step (5), the revolving speed of the Spiro-OMeTAD solution spin coating is
4000r/s, time 20s.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in step (3), the Al2O3The solvent of precursor solution is ethyl alcohol, isopropyl
The mixing of one or both of alcohol, concentration 10-30mmol/L.
The invention has the following advantages:
The present invention using n-type doping semiconductor oxide nitride layer and N-shaped intrinsic semiconductor oxide skin(coating) as electron transfer layer,
And perovskite light absorbing layer is prepared using gas phase solution auxiliary law, there is alumina insulation among ability light absorbing layer and electron transfer layer
Buffer layer improves the quality of perovskite light absorbing layer, and perovskite solar cell photoelectric conversion ratio obtained greatly improves, surely
It is qualitative good；
On the other hand the present invention uses inorganic material and the compound hole transmission layer as solar battery of organic material,
Hole mobility is high, reduces the compound of photo-generated carrier, substantially increases the photoelectric properties of solar battery, and its price is just
Preferably, the production cost of perovskite solar battery is substantially increased.
Specific embodiment:
In order to better understand the present invention, below by embodiment, the present invention is further described, and embodiment is served only for solving
The present invention is released, any restriction will not be constituted to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type solar battery, comprising the following steps:
(1) deionized water, acetone and aqueous isopropanol is successively used to impregnate and ultrasound FTO substrate, finally with being dried with nitrogen
And 15min is handled through UV ozone, for use；
(2) aluminium is mixed to the solution of zinc oxide to be spun in conductive substrates with 2000 revs/min of revolving speed, 70-75 DEG C of low temperature moves back
Then the solution of zinc oxide is spun to magnalium with 3000 revs/min of revolving speed and mixed on zinc oxide film by fiery 10min, 70-75 DEG C of annealing
15min obtains electron transfer layer；
(3) Al for being 10mmol/L by concentration2O3Precursor solution is added drop-wise on electron transfer layer, is stood 30s, is then existed
Spin coating 30s in the state of 1000 revs/min, is sintered 50min at 450 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, obtain insulating buffer layer；
(4) PbCl for being 400mg/mL by concentration2N,N-Dimethylformamide solution be spin-coated on insulating buffer layer, so
15min is heated at 80 DEG C afterwards, is placed in vacuum oven together with iodide powder after natural cooling, is 10- in pressure
20KPa, temperature be 150 DEG C at, heat iodide powder, after evaporation with PbCl2Film reacts 50min, generates perovskite, natural
It is cleaned after cooling with isopropanol, finally the dry 15min at 150 DEG C, obtains perovskite light absorbing layer；
(5) the acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione precursor solution that spin coating concentration is 1.5mg/ml on perovskite light absorbing layer, spin coating turn
Speed is 4500r/s, time 30s, and then the heating crystalline 20min at 80 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, then in the revolving speed of 4000r/s
The Spiro-OMeTAD of lower 20 μ l of spin coating, spin-coating time 20s obtain composite hole transporting layer；
(6) the Au electrode that vapor deposition a layer thickness is 60nm on the hole transport layer, obtains high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type
Solar battery.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type solar battery, comprising the following steps:
(1) deionized water, acetone and aqueous isopropanol is successively used to impregnate and ultrasound FTO substrate, finally with being dried with nitrogen
And 15min is handled through UV ozone, for use；
(2) manganese is mixed to the solution of zinc oxide to be spun in conductive substrates with 4000 revs/min of revolving speed, 70-75 DEG C of low temperature moves back
Then the solution of zinc oxide is spun to manganese with 5000 revs/min of revolving speed and mixed on zinc oxide film by fiery 15min, 70-75 DEG C of annealing
15min obtains electron transfer layer；
(3) Al for being 30mmol/L by concentration2O3Precursor solution is added drop-wise on electron transfer layer, is stood 50s, is then existed
Spin coating 30s in the state of 3000 revs/min, is sintered 100min at 500 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, obtain insulating buffer layer；
(4) PbCl for being 500mg/mL by concentration2N,N-Dimethylformamide solution be spin-coated on insulating buffer layer, so
30min is heated at 100 DEG C afterwards, is placed in vacuum oven together with iodide powder after natural cooling, is 10- in pressure
20KPa, temperature be 170 DEG C at, heat iodide powder, after evaporation with PbCl2Film reacts 120min, generates perovskite, from
It is so cleaned after cooling with isopropanol, finally the dry 30min at 170 DEG C, obtains perovskite light absorbing layer；
(5) the acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione precursor solution that spin coating concentration is 3mg/ml on perovskite light absorbing layer, the revolving speed of spin coating
For 4500r/s, time 30s, then the heating crystalline 20min at 100 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, then under the revolving speed of 4000r/s
The Spiro-OMeTAD of 20 μ l of spin coating, spin-coating time 20s obtain composite hole transporting layer；
(6) the Au electrode that vapor deposition a layer thickness is 100nm on the hole transport layer, obtains high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type
Solar battery.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type solar battery, comprising the following steps:
(1) deionized water, acetone and aqueous isopropanol is successively used to impregnate and ultrasound FTO substrate, finally with being dried with nitrogen
And 15min is handled through UV ozone, for use；
(2) magnalium is mixed to the solution of titanium oxide to be spun in conductive substrates with 2500 revs/min of revolving speed, 70-75 DEG C of low temperature
Anneal 11min, and the solution of titanium oxide is then spun to aluminium with 3500 revs/min of revolving speed and is mixed on titanium oxide layer, 70-75 DEG C of annealing
15min obtains electron transfer layer；
(3) Al for being 15mmol/L by concentration2O3Precursor solution is added drop-wise on electron transfer layer, is stood 35s, is then existed
Spin coating 30s in the state of 1500 revs/min, is sintered 60min at 455 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, obtain insulating buffer layer；
(4) PbBr for being 420mg/mL by concentration2N,N-Dimethylformamide solution be spin-coated on insulating buffer layer, so
20min is heated at 85 DEG C afterwards, is placed in vacuum oven together with iodide powder after natural cooling, is 10- in pressure
20KPa, temperature be 150 DEG C at, heat iodide powder, after evaporation with PbBr2Film reacts 60min, generates perovskite, natural
It is cleaned after cooling with isopropanol, finally the dry 20min at 150 DEG C, obtains perovskite light absorbing layer；
(5) the acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione precursor solution that spin coating concentration is 1.8mg/ml on perovskite light absorbing layer, spin coating turn
Speed is 4500r/s, time 30s, and then the heating crystalline 20min at 85 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, then in the revolving speed of 4000r/s
The Spiro-OMeTAD of lower 20 μ l of spin coating, spin-coating time 20s obtain composite hole transporting layer；
(6) the Au electrode that vapor deposition a layer thickness is 70nm on the hole transport layer, obtains high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type
Solar battery.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type solar battery, comprising the following steps:
(1) deionized water, acetone and aqueous isopropanol is successively used to impregnate and ultrasound FTO substrate, finally with being dried with nitrogen
And 15min is handled through UV ozone, for use；
(2) manganese is mixed to the solution of titanium oxide to be spun in conductive substrates with 3000 revs/min of revolving speed, 70-75 DEG C of low temperature moves back
Then the solution of titanium oxide is spun to manganese with 4000 revs/min of revolving speed and mixed on titanium oxide layer by fiery 12min, 70-75 DEG C of annealing
15min obtains electron transfer layer；
(3) Al for being 18mmol/L by concentration2O3Precursor solution is added drop-wise on electron transfer layer, is stood 40s, is then existed
Spin coating 30s in the state of 2000 revs/min, is sintered 70min at 470 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, obtain insulating buffer layer；
(4) PbCl for being 4400mg/mL by concentration2Dimethyl sulphoxide solution be spin-coated on insulating buffer layer, then exist
25min is heated at 90 DEG C, is placed in vacuum oven together with iodide powder after natural cooling, is 10-20KPa in pressure,
Temperature be 160 DEG C at, heat iodide powder, after evaporation with PbCl2Film reacts 90min, perovskite is generated, after natural cooling
It is cleaned with isopropanol, finally the dry 25min at 160 DEG C, obtains perovskite light absorbing layer；
(5) the acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione precursor solution that spin coating concentration is 2mg/ml on perovskite light absorbing layer, the revolving speed of spin coating
For 4500r/s, time 30s, then the heating crystalline 20min at 90 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, then under the revolving speed of 4000r/s
The Spiro-OMeTAD of 20 μ l of spin coating, spin-coating time 20s obtain composite hole transporting layer；
(6) the Ag electrode that vapor deposition a layer thickness is 80nm on the hole transport layer, obtains high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type
Solar battery.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type solar battery, comprising the following steps:
(1) deionized water, acetone and aqueous isopropanol is successively used to impregnate and ultrasound FTO substrate, finally with being dried with nitrogen
And 15min is handled through UV ozone, for use；
(2) magnesium is mixed to the solution of zinc oxide to be spun in conductive substrates with 3500 revs/min of revolving speed, 70-75 DEG C of low temperature moves back
Then the solution of zinc oxide is spun to magnesium with 4000 revs/min of revolving speed and mixed on zinc oxide film by fiery 13min, 70-75 DEG C of annealing
15min obtains electron transfer layer；
(3) Al for being 25mmol/L by concentration2O3Precursor solution is added drop-wise on electron transfer layer, is stood 45s, is then existed
Spin coating 30s in the state of 3000 revs/min, is sintered 80min at 480 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, obtain insulating buffer layer；
(4) PbCl for being 460mg/mL by concentration2Gamma-butyrolacton solution be spin-coated on insulating buffer layer, then 95
30min is heated at DEG C, is placed in vacuum oven together with iodide powder after natural cooling, is 10-20KPa, temperature in pressure
Degree to heat iodide powder at 165 DEG C, after evaporation with PbCl2Film reacts 100min, perovskite is generated, after natural cooling
It is cleaned with isopropanol, finally the dry 30min at 165 DEG C, obtains perovskite light absorbing layer；
(5) the acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione precursor solution that spin coating concentration is 2.5mg/ml on perovskite light absorbing layer, spin coating turn
Speed is 4500r/s, time 30s, and then the heating crystalline 20min at 100 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, then in the revolving speed of 4000r/s
The Spiro-OMeTAD of lower 20 μ l of spin coating, spin-coating time 20s obtain composite hole transporting layer；
(6) the Ag electrode that vapor deposition a layer thickness is 90nm on the hole transport layer, obtains high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type
Solar battery.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type solar battery, comprising the following steps:
(1) deionized water, acetone and aqueous isopropanol is successively used to impregnate and ultrasound FTO substrate, finally with being dried with nitrogen
And 15min is handled through UV ozone, for use；
(2) magnesium is mixed to the solution of titanium oxide to be spun in conductive substrates with 3800 revs/min of revolving speed, 70-75 DEG C of low temperature moves back
Then the solution of titanium oxide is spun to magnesium with 4800 revs/min of revolving speed and mixed on titanium oxide layer by fiery 14min, 70-75 DEG C of annealing
15min obtains electron transfer layer；
(3) Al for being 28mmol/L by concentration2O3Precursor solution is added drop-wise on electron transfer layer, is stood 50s, is then existed
Spin coating 30s in the state of 2800 revs/min, is sintered 90min at 490 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, obtain insulating buffer layer；
(4) PbI for being 480mg/mL by concentration2N,N-dimethylacetamide solution be spin-coated on insulating buffer layer, so
30min is heated at 95 DEG C afterwards, is placed in vacuum oven together with iodide powder after natural cooling, is 10- in pressure
20KPa, temperature be 170 DEG C at, heat iodide powder, after evaporation with PbI2Film reacts 110min, generates perovskite, natural
It is cleaned after cooling with isopropanol, finally the dry 20min at 170 DEG C, obtains perovskite light absorbing layer；
(5) the acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione precursor solution that spin coating concentration is 2.8mg/ml on perovskite light absorbing layer, spin coating turn
Speed is 4500r/s, time 30s, and then the heating crystalline 20min at 90 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, then in the revolving speed of 4000r/s
The Spiro-OMeTAD of lower 20 μ l of spin coating, spin-coating time 20s obtain composite hole transporting layer；
(6) the Ag electrode that vapor deposition a layer thickness is 95nm on the hole transport layer, obtains high-efficiency and low-cost Ca-Ti ore type
Solar battery.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery, which is characterized in that the Ca-Ti ore type solar battery includes conductive substrates, electronics
Transport layer, insulating buffer layer, perovskite light absorbing layer, hole transmission layer, metal electrode, the perovskite light absorbing layer use gas
The preparation of phase assisted solution method, the hole transmission layer are acetylacetone copper and Spiro-OMeTAD composite layer；
Preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) conductive substrates are successively used deionized water, acetone and aqueous isopropanol to impregnate and ultrasound, finally with being dried with nitrogen and pass through
UV ozone handles 15min, for use；
(2) solution of n-type doping conductor oxidate is spun in conductive substrates with 2000-4000 revs/min of revolving speed, 70-
Then 75 DEG C of low-temperature annealing 10-15min are revolved the solution of N-shaped intrinsic semiconductor oxide with 3000-5000 revs/min of revolving speed
It is coated onto n-type doping semiconductor oxide nitride layer, 70-75 DEG C of annealing 15min obtains electron transfer layer；
(3) by Al2O3Precursor solution is added drop-wise on electron transfer layer, 30-50s is stood, then in 1000-3000 revs/min of shape
Spin coating 30s under state is sintered 50-100min at 450-500 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, obtains insulating buffer layer；
(4) by PbCl2Precursor solution is spin-coated on insulating buffer layer, and 15-30min is then heated at 80-100 DEG C, naturally cold
But it is placed in vacuum oven together with iodide powder after, is 10-20KPa in pressure, temperature is heating at 150-170 DEG C
Iodide powder, after evaporation with PbCl2Film reacts 50-120min, generates perovskite, is carried out clearly after natural cooling with isopropanol
It washes, finally the dry 15-30min at 150-170 DEG C, obtains perovskite light absorbing layer；
(5) the spin coating acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione precursor solution on perovskite light absorbing layer, heating crystalline 20min, cold at 80-100 DEG C
But to room temperature, then the Spiro-OMeTAD of 20 μ l of spin coating, composite hole transporting layer is obtained；
(6) metal electrode that vapor deposition a layer thickness is 60-100nm on the hole transport layer, obtains Ca-Ti ore type solar battery.
2. a kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the electron transfer layer is multilayer
Structure, including n-type doping semiconductor oxide nitride layer and N-shaped intrinsic semiconductor oxide skin(coating), n-type doping semiconductor oxide nitride layer
With a thickness of 10-30nm, N-shaped intrinsic semiconductor oxide skin(coating) with a thickness of 30-50nm.
3. a kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the N-shaped intrinsic semiconductor oxygen
Compound is one of zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and the doped chemical is one of aluminium, manganese, magnesium elements.
4. a kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), the PbCl2Before
The solvent for driving liquid solution is one of n,N-Dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, gamma-butyrolacton, the PbCl2Presoma
PbCl in solution2Concentration be 400-500mg/mL.
5. a kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (5), the levulinic
The concentration of ketone precursor solution is 1.5-3mg/ml, and the revolving speed of spin coating is 4500r/s, time 30s.
6. a kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (5), the Spiro-
The revolving speed of OMeTAD solution spin coating is 4000r/s, time 20s.
7. a kind of Ca-Ti ore type solar battery as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), the Al2O3Before
The solvent of liquid solution is driven as the mixing of one or both of ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, concentration 10-30mmol/L.
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| CN108305948B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2020-01-24 | 南京工业大学 | Perovskite material multi-quantum well structure regulation method and application and device thereof |
| CN107564728A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-09 | 东莞市联洲知识产权运营管理有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of new dye sensitized cells |
| CN108682702A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-10-19 | 北京大学 | A kind of photoelectric device composite hole transporting layer material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112002814A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-27 | 隆基绿能科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of perovskite solar cell based on solid-phase reaction |
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