CN105822275B - A method of for the pressure break seam of shale - Google Patents

A method of for the pressure break seam of shale Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105822275B
CN105822275B CN201610015847.6A CN201610015847A CN105822275B CN 105822275 B CN105822275 B CN 105822275B CN 201610015847 A CN201610015847 A CN 201610015847A CN 105822275 B CN105822275 B CN 105822275B
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microwave
line
feed
shale
pump group
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CN105822275A (en
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孙致学
姚军
李彦超
孙海
杨永飞
樊冬艳
聂海峰
刘继芹
曾青冬
蔡明玉
黄勇
徐杨
孙强
张明明
吕抒桓
董云振
刘熙远
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of technology and methods of pressure break seam for shale, the following steps are included: step 1: ground is equipped with shale well and pump group, shale well includes pit shaft, the borehole wall, shaft bottom and net horizontal section, the outside of the borehole wall is overlying rock and target zone, shale well is equipped with feed-line, the other end of feed-line is connected with packer, and the outer wall of net horizontal section is equipped with perforation tunnel;Step 2: ground is equipped with microwave generating apparatus, and shale well is equipped with microwave transmission route, and tubing string is equipped on the outside of transmission line, and microwave transmission route one end is connected with microwave receiving device;Step 3: ground is equipped with pump group, and shale well is equipped with feed-line, and feed-line is equipped with pitching shift sleeve structure.The present invention solves the problems, such as that fracturing fluid cost is huge in fracturing process, while solving the problems, such as that producing pressure differential is too small using the method for microwave heating and combination liquid nitrogen cooling causes near wellbore liquid phase evaporation rate to cause water lock blocking seepage channel more slowly.

Description

A method of for the pressure break seam of shale
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil exploration and development fields, in particular to the technology of a kind of pressure break seam for shale and side Method.
Background technique
With the development of energy industry, petroleum increasingly shows important role, and the exploitation of conventional oil can not Meet the needs of our industrial developments and life, therefore, the exploitation of unconventional oil and gas is increasingly taken seriously, especially shale The exploitation of gas is even more to receive unprecedented attention.But the permeability of shale bottom is extremely low, usually micro--nano grade pore Gap, exploitation must could form industrial capacity by large-sized artificial reservoir seam (net).So effectively forming fracture network Network is the key technology of shale gas exploitation.
Foreign countries, the especially U.S. use horizontal well technology, multistage fracturing technique, microseism skill in terms of shale gas exploitation Relatively advanced technology, these technologies such as art and the effective completion technique of success make the U.S. successfully exploit shale.
Due to shale gas reservoir ultralow permeability and low-porosity the features such as, shale gas horizontal well need to be by multistage extensive Hydraulic fracturing processing " just can guarantee shale gas reservoir economical production.External common hydraulic fracturing technology includes foam fracturing, multistage Pressure break, riverfrac treatment, hydraulic jetting fracturing, refracturing, synchronous pressure break.
N2 Foam Fracturing Technique is suitable for low pressure, hyposmosis water-sensitive reservoir fracturing operation, can mitigate fracturing fluid to stratum Injury, and flowback effect is good.Multistage fracturing is to separate reservoir different layers position using ball sealer or current limiting technique to carry out segmentation pressure The technology split is the major technique of shale gas hydraulic fracturing.Riverfrac treatment technology is using clear water addition drag reducer appropriate, clay Stabilizer and surfactant etc. are used as fracturing fluid, can improve the permeability of shale gas-bearing formation, improve flow conductivity, reduction stratum damage Evil, the technology are suitable for compact reservoir and the most important well stimulation of U.S.'s shale gas well.Hydraulic jetting fracturing is with high speed And after high-pressure fluid carries the channel that sand body carries out between perforation opening stratum and pit shaft, fluid displacement is improved, thus on stratum The middle hydraulic fracturing technology for opening crack, suitable for developing the shale reservoir of more intrinsic fracture.Refracturing is exactly old Hydraulic fracturing is carried out in well again, the refracturing in straight well can be in primary payzone perforation again, the fracturing fluid volume of injection At least the hydraulic fracturing more initial than its has more 25%, and recovery ratio can be made to increase 30-80%, and the refracturing of horizontal well must try to Initial fractured layer position is isolated, new fractured layer position must be the region that non-pressure break is crossed.Synchronous pressure break refers to 2 mouthfuls or 2 mouthfuls or more Pairing well carries out pressure break simultaneously, to promote to interact in hydraulic fracture expansion process, to adjacent and parallel horizontal well interaction Operation increases transformation volume, and the purpose of synchronous pressure break is to use bigger pressure and more complicated network fracture pressure break mud shale, from And improve initil output and recovery ratio.
China's shale gas reservoir buries depth, if the shale gas-bearing formation buried depth in the Sichuan Basin is in 2000-3000m, and the page in the U.S. Rock gas-bearing formation depth proposes requirements at the higher level in 800-2600m, to development technique.Industry thinks technology used by developing shale gas With equipment, big difference is had no with conventional gas exploitation, wherein the key core technologies such as horizontal drilling and fracturing yield increasing exist China's conventional gas and oil exploitation in be applied successfully, and the country in terms of the equipment manufacturings such as drilling machine, pump group, underground equipment also have compared with Strong technology, production and ability to provide the auxiliary items, but maturity and applicable ability do not catch up with needs much also.The improvement of pump group or to it The reduction of dependency degree has and can promote domestic fracturing technique.Meanwhile in fracturing process, need a large amount of or even up to ten thousand The fracturing fluid of side, the expensive of fracturing fluid directly influence us and exploit the cost problem of shale gas;Secondly, working solution Rejection ability deficiency causes reservoir clay hydration swelling, working solution intrusion, working solution residual, working fluid additive residual, work Make liquid and generate biofilm obstruction gas flowing, producing pressure differential is too small to cause near wellbore liquid phase evaporation rate to cause water to lock more slowly Block seepage channel.
For this purpose, it is proposed that a kind of technology and methods of the pressure break seam for shale solve the above problems.
Summary of the invention
A kind of technology of the pressure break seam for shale proposed the purpose of the present invention is to solve background technique and Method.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A kind of technology and methods of the pressure break seam for shale, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: ground is equipped with shale well and pump group, and shale well includes pit shaft, the borehole wall, shaft bottom and net horizontal section, described The outside of the borehole wall is overlying rock and target zone, and the purpose of horizon is in the downside of overlying rock, and net horizontal section is located at purpose Layer, the shale well are equipped with feed-line, and one end of the feed-line is connected in pump group, and the other end of feed-line connects It is connected to packer, the packer setting is in net horizontal section, and the outer wall of net horizontal section is equipped with perforation tunnel;
Step 2: ground is equipped with microwave generating apparatus, and the shale well is equipped with microwave transmission route, and outside transmission line Side is equipped with tubing string, and one end of the microwave transmission route is connected on microwave generating apparatus, and the other end of microwave transmission route It is connected with microwave receiving device, the microwave receiving device is located at net horizontal section;
Step 3: ground is equipped with pump group, and the shale well is equipped with feed-line, and one end of the feed-line is connected to In pump group, and the feed-line for being located at net horizontal section is equipped with 5 pitching shift sleeve structures.
Based on the above technical solution, there can be technical solution further below:
Pump group described in step 1 can provide higher pump pressure, can by microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material and it Liquid nitrogen afterwards is pumped into stratum, and the NT-1201-DF pump of S&S company, power 1103.25kW, maximum working pressure can be selected 70.0MPa, maximum pump discharge 862.24L/min.The microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material is by MoSi2It is strong with other microwaves Absorbing material is mutually compound and prepares, MoSi2Use form include powdery, pulp-like or plate-like, it is mutually multiple therewith The strong absorbing material of other microwaves closed is SiC, AlN, C, CuO, Fe3O4One or more of mixture.
Feed-line described in step 1 has the characteristics that high pressure resistant high temperature, selects high-temperature and high-presure resistent drill string;Meanwhile Outlet end is the tubing string containing numerous ducts.
Perforation tunnel described in step 1 is completed after horizontal well drilling, it is desirable that it is to penetrate out some cracks, it can Microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material is set to can smoothly enter into target zone.
Pump group described in step 1 is connected with microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material feed-line, and feed-line is sent into After net horizontal section, packer setting;By microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material by pump group, perforation tunnel is pressed into through feed-line And target zone.
Microwave transmission route described in step 2 should have remote transmittability, and the loss very little of microwave, Microwave can effectively be conveyed to microwave receiving device, and microwave receiving device can be with efficient reception microwave, while heating bottom More uniformly.
Tubing string described in step 2 has high temperature resistant and high voltage bearing characteristic, while should have and not do to microwave The effect disturbed.
Feed-line described in step 3 is liquid nitrogen feed-line, and liquid nitrogen feed-line should have high pressure resistant and low temperature resistant Feature, can be selected stepped setting fracture tubing string, and the liquid nitrogen feed-line is sent into net horizontal section, then by the ground pump group It is connected with liquid nitrogen feed-line;Start pump group, liquid nitrogen enters net horizontal section through pump group, liquid nitrogen conveyance conduit, through pitching sliding sleeve knot Structure cools down target zone segmentation.
The present invention by a kind of technology and methods of completely new shale pressure break seam solve in fracturing process fracturing fluid at This huge problem, while solving working solution rejection ability deficiency using the method for microwave heating and combination liquid nitrogen cooling and causing Reservoir clay hydration swelling, working solution intrusion, working solution residual, working fluid additive residual, working solution product hinder gas Body flowing, producing pressure differential is too small to cause near wellbore liquid phase evaporation rate that water is caused to lock the problem of blocking seepage channel more slowly.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of injection microwave high-temperature heating of the technology and methods of pressure break seam for shale proposed by the present invention Exothermic material schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a kind of microwave heating equipment signal of the technology and methods of pressure break seam for shale proposed by the present invention Figure;
Fig. 3 is a kind of liquid nitrogen cooling device signal of the technology and methods of pressure break seam for shale proposed by the present invention Figure.
1 pump group, 2 ground, 3 feed-lines, 4 pit shafts, 5 boreholes wall, 6 overlying rocks, 7 shaft bottoms, 8 packers, 9 perforation tunnels, 10 target zones, 11 net horizontal sections, 12 microwave generating apparatus, 13 microwave transmission routes, 14 tubing strings, 15 microwave receiving devices, 16 are thrown Ball shift sleeve structure.
Specific embodiment
It is next combined with specific embodiments below that the present invention is further described.
Referring to Fig.1-3, a kind of technology and methods of the pressure break seam for shale, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: ground 2 is equipped with shale well and pump group 1, and pump group 1 can provide higher pump pressure, can be by microwave height Warm heating heat-generating material and liquid nitrogen later are pumped into stratum, and the NT-1201-DF pump of S&S company can be selected, and power is 1103.25kW, maximum working pressure 70.0MPa, maximum pump discharge 862.24L/min.Microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material be by MoSi2It is mutually compound and prepare, MoSi with the strong absorbing material of other microwaves2Use form include powdery, pulp-like or Plate-like, the mutually compound strong absorbing material of other microwaves is SiC, AlN, C, CuO, Fe therewith3O4One or more of mixing Object, shale well include pit shaft 4, the borehole wall 5, shaft bottom 7 and net horizontal section 11, and the outside of the borehole wall 5 is overlying rock 6 and target zone 10, Target zone 10 is located at the downside of overlying rock 6, and net horizontal section 11 is located at target zone 10, and shale well is equipped with feed-line 3, conveying Pipeline 3 has the characteristics that high pressure resistant high temperature, and high-temperature and high-presure resistent drill string can be selected;Meanwhile numerous ducts are contained in outlet end Tubing string 14, one end of feed-line 3 are connected in pump group 1, and the other end of feed-line 3 is connected with packer 8, packer 8 Setting is in net horizontal section 11, and the outer wall of net horizontal section 11 is equipped with perforation tunnel 9, and perforation tunnel 9 is after horizontal well drilling It completes, it is desirable that be to penetrate out some cracks, microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material can be made to can smoothly enter into target zone;
Step 2: ground 2 is equipped with microwave generating apparatus 12, and shale well is equipped with microwave transmission route 13, and transmission line 13 outsides are equipped with tubing string 14, and tubing string 14 has high temperature resistant and high voltage bearing characteristic, while should have and not interfere with to microwave Effect, one end of microwave transmission route 13 is connected on microwave generating apparatus 12, and the other end of microwave transmission route 13 connects It is connected to microwave receiving device 15, microwave receiving device 15 is located at net horizontal section 11, and microwave transmission route 13 should have at a distance Transmittability, and the loss very little of microwave can effectively convey microwave to microwave receiving device 15, and microwave receiving device 15 can be with efficient reception microwave, while it is more uniform to heat bottom;
Step 3: ground 2 is equipped with pump group 1, and shale well is equipped with feed-line 3, and feed-line 3 is liquid nitrogen feed-line 3, One end of liquid nitrogen feed-line 3 is connected in pump group 1, and the liquid nitrogen feed-line 3 for being located at net horizontal section 11 is equipped with 5 pitchings Shift sleeve structure 16, liquid nitrogen feed-line 3 be sent into net horizontal section 11, then by ground pump group 1 and liquid nitrogen feed-line 3 connect;It opens Dynamic pump group 1, liquid nitrogen enter net horizontal section 11 through pump group 1, liquid nitrogen feed-line 3, divide through pitching shift sleeve structure 16 target zone 10 Duan Jinhang is cooling.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of method of the pressure break seam for shale, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Step 1: ground (2) are equipped with shale well and pump group (1), and shale well includes pit shaft (4), the borehole wall (5), shaft bottom (7) and water Horizontal well section (11), the outside of the borehole wall (5) are overlying rock (6) and target zone (10), and the target zone (10), which is located at, above to be covered The downside of rock stratum (6), and net horizontal section (11) is located at target zone (10), the shale well is equipped with feed-line (3), the conveying One end of pipeline (3) is connected on pump group (1), and the other end of feed-line (3) is connected with packer (8), the packer (8) setting is in net horizontal section (11), and the outer wall of net horizontal section (11) is equipped with perforation tunnel (9);
Step 2: the ground (2) is equipped with microwave generating apparatus (12), and the shale well is equipped with microwave transmission route (13), And tubing string (14) are equipped on the outside of the microwave transmission route (13), one end of the microwave transmission route (13) is connected to microwave hair On generating apparatus (12), and the other end of the microwave transmission route (13) is connected with microwave receiving device (15), and the microwave connects Receiving apparatus (15) is located at the net horizontal section (11);
Step 3: the ground (2) is equipped with the pump group (1), and the shale well is equipped with the feed-line (3), described defeated One end of pipeline (3) is sent to be connected on the pump group (1), and the feed-line (3) for being located at net horizontal section (11) is equipped with Pitching shift sleeve structure (16),
Microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material is pumped into after target zone by the pump group (1) is pumped into target zone for liquid nitrogen again.
2. a kind of method of pressure break seam for shale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the microwave high-temperature Heating heat-generating material is by MoSi2It is mutually compound and prepare, MoSi with the strong absorbing material of other microwaves2Use form packet Include powdery, pulp-like or plate-like, therewith mutually compound other strong absorbing materials of microwave be SiC, AlN, C, CuO, Fe3O4In multiple material mixture.
3. a kind of method of pressure break seam for shale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the institute in step 1 Stating feed-line (3) has the characteristics that high pressure resistant high temperature, including high-temperature and high-presure resistent drill string;Meanwhile outlet end is containing numerous The tubing string (14) in duct.
4. a kind of method of pressure break seam for shale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the institute in step 1 Stating perforation tunnel (9) is completed after horizontal well drilling, and some cracks are penetrated out, and keeps microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material smooth Into the target zone (10).
5. a kind of method of pressure break seam for shale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the institute in step 1 It states pump group (1) to be connected with microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material feed-line (3), the feed-line (3) is sent into the water After horizontal well section (11), the packer (8) is set;By microwave high-temperature heating heat-generating material by the pump group (1), through described Feed-line (3) is pressed into the perforation tunnel (9) and the target zone (10).
6. a kind of method of pressure break seam for shale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the institute in step 2 Microwave transmission route (13) are stated with remote transmittability, and the loss very little of microwave, the effective microwave that conveys is to described Microwave receiving device (15), and the microwave receiving device (15) efficient reception microwave, while it is more uniform to heat bottom.
7. a kind of method of pressure break seam for shale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the institute in step 2 Tubing string (14) are stated with high temperature resistant and high voltage bearing characteristic, while having the effect of not interfering with microwave.
8. a kind of method of pressure break seam for shale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the institute in step 3 Stating feed-line (3) is liquid nitrogen feed-line (3), and the liquid nitrogen feed-line (3) has the characteristics that high pressure resistant and low temperature resistant, use The liquid nitrogen feed-line (3) is sent into the net horizontal section (11) by stepped setting fracture tubing string, then by the pump group (1) It is connected with the liquid nitrogen feed-line (3);Start the pump group (1), liquid nitrogen is through the pump group (1), the liquid nitrogen feed-line (3) enter the net horizontal section (11), the target zone (10) segmentation is cooled down through the pitching shift sleeve structure (16).
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CN106837285A (en) * 2017-01-19 2017-06-13 中国矿业大学(北京) A kind of high temp jet strengthens liquid nitrogen vaporization fracturing process and device
CN107630693B (en) * 2017-10-25 2023-11-21 北京化工大学 Be applied to shale gas exploitation's electronic hydraulic fracturing device
CN108825197A (en) * 2018-06-19 2018-11-16 昆明理工大学 A method of strengthening shale gas recovery ratio
CN109138954A (en) * 2018-08-29 2019-01-04 中国石油大学(北京) A kind of refracturing method of Unconventional gas
CN110318755B (en) * 2019-06-13 2021-01-01 太原理工大学 Method and device for microwave heating of upstream cracking residual mining area remaining coal pillar
CN110159241A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-08-23 中国矿业大学(北京) A kind of microwave irradiation cooperates with the device of exploitation shale gas with hydraulic fracturing
CN110501145B (en) * 2019-07-03 2020-06-09 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Experiment system and experiment method for TBM tunneling auxiliary rock breaking
CN112343511B (en) * 2020-11-25 2022-02-11 东北大学 Cold and hot impact rock breaking device and method based on microwave heating and liquid nitrogen cooling
CN114575814A (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-06-03 徐州工程学院 Liquid nitrogen combined microwave fracturing coal seam permeability increasing method based on nano barium titanate

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US7543643B2 (en) * 2001-10-22 2009-06-09 Hill William L Down hole oil and gas well heating system and method for down hole heating of oil and gas wells
US20090173488A1 (en) * 2008-01-03 2009-07-09 Colorado Seminary High power microwave petroleum recovery
CN102261238A (en) * 2011-08-12 2011-11-30 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method and simulated experiment system for mining oil gas by heating underground oil shale with microwave
CN102747998B (en) * 2012-06-29 2015-11-25 中国石油大学(北京) Shale gas method for increasing and shale gas yield-increasing apparatus
CN204552720U (en) * 2015-04-17 2015-08-12 中国石油大学(北京) A kind of compact reservoir microcrack expansion and reservoir firing equipment

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