CN105821298B - High-performance nodular cast iron winding drum and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance nodular cast iron winding drum and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105821298B CN105821298B CN201610357227.0A CN201610357227A CN105821298B CN 105821298 B CN105821298 B CN 105821298B CN 201610357227 A CN201610357227 A CN 201610357227A CN 105821298 B CN105821298 B CN 105821298B
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- apperance
- casing
- iron
- reel
- molten iron
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
- B22C7/023—Patterns made from expanded plastic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/15—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance nodular cast iron winding drum which is formed by machining nodular cast iron. The nodular cast iron comprises, by weight, 3.0%-3.3% of C, 3.6%-4.0% of Si, less than 0.02% of S, less than 0.03% of P, less than 0.3% of Mn, 0.02%-0.04% of Mg, 0.01%-0.025% of RE, 0.2%-0.3% of Mo, 0.12%-0.15% of Ni, 0.003%-0.010% of Ca, 0.005%-0.010% of Ba, less than or equal to 0.003% of Bi, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities, and the total content of Ca and Ba is no less than 0.010% and no more than 0.020%. The high-performance nodular cast iron winding drum has high strength and toughness and is suitable for large or super-large engineering equipment. The invention further discloses a manufacturing method of the high-performance nodular cast iron winding drum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering equipment technical field, more particularly, to a kind of high performance spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel and its preparation
Method.
Background technology
Reel is one of key components and parts of large lifting equipment, churning driven and hoisting speed reducer, due to the steel wire of load-bearing
Rope is directly wound on reel, and reel directly bears sling load, and its quality good or not slows down to crane gear, churning driven and elevator
The safe operation of machine has vital impact.As the developing trend of modern project is maximized, construction machinery industry is large-scale
Or the application of super large heavy-duty hoisting equipment, rig and hoisting speed reducer is more and more extensive, the weight and lift of lifting are significantly
Degree increases.For example：The hoisting weight of super large heavy-duty hoisting equipment has reached a few kiloton；The lift of ultra-large type hoist engine has reached hundreds of
Rice.Therefore, material of reel and preparation method thereof is put forward higher requirement.
At present, the reel for being manufactured using common spheroidal graphite cast-iron, compared with structural steel welding processing reel, tensile strength, is prolonged
When stretching a series of mechanical performance indexs such as rate low, therefore reel is used under the bad working environments such as high load capacity, HI high impact, easily occur
The failures such as brittle crack, grooving abrasion, cause potential safety hazard, seriously constrain reel in large-scale or ultra-large type construction machinery industry
Popularization and application.
In order to improve performance and the security performance that reel is used, recent year begins one's study high-performance nodular cast iron
Reel.The Chinese patent of Patent No. CN1900340 discloses a kind of as cast condition high strength high extensibility ductile cast iron material, and this is special
Sharp each component and its percentage by weight are：C 3.5～3.8%, Si 2.6～3.1%, Mn≤0.3%, S≤0.03%, P≤
0.05%, balance of Fe.The mechanical property of its foundry goods is tensile strength sigmab>=480MPa, yield strength σ0.2>=310MPa, extends
Rate δ >=20%, in 150-200, the metallographic structure matrix of foundry goods is ferrite >=85% to cloth hardness HB, cementite≤3%, phosphorus
Eutectic≤1%；The spheroidal graphite cast-iron intensity of the patent disclosure is lower slightly, it is impossible to meet the application technology index of high-performance reel.Patent
Number a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity ductile cast iron casting and preparation method thereof is disclosed for the Chinese patent of CN101603142, this is special
Sharp each component and its percentage by weight are：C 3.6～3.8%, Si 2.4～2.8%, Mn 0.8～0.9%, Cu 0.5～
0.6%, Cr 0.1～0.2%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.07%, balance of Fe.The mechanical property of its foundry goods be tensile strength >=
590MPa, yield strength >=380MPa, elongation percentage >=8%；The manganese of the foundry goods, copper content are higher, cause with elongation percentage as the main force
Learn performance indications low.The Chinese patent of Patent No. CN102747268B discloses a kind of high intensity, high-ductility spheroidal graphite cast-iron
And its manufacture method, the patent each component and its percentage by weight are：C 3.4～3.8%, Si 2.3～2.7%, Mn 0.3～
0.5%, Cu 0.3～0.5%, Cr 0.02～0.10%, S≤0.03%, P≤0.04%, Sb 0.001～0.005%, Mg
0.03～0.06%, Re 0.001～0.003%, balance of Fe；The matrix of its foundry goods is plain by the iron of certain proportion content
Body and pearlite are constituted, and with higher-strength and higher elongation, can meet heavy-duty truck Drive axle housing, support
The use requirement of class foundry goods.The matrix of the foundry goods contains carbide and generates element Cr, while containing substantial amounts of pearlite in matrix
Tissue, therefore the elongation percentage of foundry goods is low.
Therefore, how to provide it is a kind of there is high performance, especially high-intensity high-tenacity, and suitable for large-scale or super large
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel of heavy-duty hoisting equipment, churning driven and hoisting speed reducer is the skill of current those skilled in the art's urgent need to resolve
Art problem.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high performance spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron used by spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel
With higher intensity and higher toughness, and can subtract suitable for large-scale or super large heavy-duty hoisting equipment, churning driven and elevator
Fast machine.Another mesh of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention is provided is：
A kind of high performance spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, is processed by ductile cast iron material, and spheroidal graphite cast-iron used includes following
The component of percentage by weight：3.0%～3.3% C；3.6%～4.0% Si；S<0.02%；P<0.03%；Mn<0.3%；
0.02%～0.04% Mg；0.01%～0.025% RE；0.2%～0.3% Mo；0.12%～0.15% Ni；
0.003%～0.010% Ca, 0.005%～0.010% Ba, and 0.010%≤Ca+Ba≤0.020%, Bi≤
0.003%；Balance of Fe and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, the percentage by weight of the Mo is 0.22%～0.28%.
Preferably, the percentage by weight of the Ni is 0.125%～0.145%.
Preferably, the tensile strength sigma of spheroidal graphite cast-iron usedb>=540MPa, yield strength σ0.2>=400MPa, elongation percentage δ >=
14%.
The invention provides a kind of high performance spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, in composition proportion；By increasing Si contents, weight
Percentage has reached 3.6%～4.0%, promotes graphitization, fining ferrite, while Si serves solution strengthening in iron-based body
Effect, realizes higher intensity；Refined ferrite by increasing Mo, enhanced matrix, improvement improve intensity, hardness,
The combination properties such as toughness；By increasing Ni reinforced ferrites, graphite is refined, increase the number of graphite, improve nodularization effect, reinforcing
Matrix, eliminating the silicon fragility brought due to the increase of Si contents is affected, and improves the toughness of matrix.This formulated component makes ball
The quantity of black Graphite in Cast Iron ball, size, form and distribution, obtain more than 95% ferrite matrix and tiny, uniform, disperse
The as-cast structure of a large amount of globular graphites of distribution.Present invention process method is simple, and raw material and production cost are relatively low, it is easy to which promoting should
With.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, comprises the following steps：
1) reel apperance is produced：
The spool body of the reel including hollow tubular, upper block plate, lower block plate and positioned at spool body one end inner side
Chock hole portion；
The reel apperance includes upper apperance and lower apperance, and the upper apperance overlaps with the bonding Mosaic face of the lower apperance
In the spool body radial section and through the inferolateral surface of the chock hole portion；
Atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics are produced into the lower apperance by injection molding forming method；
Atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics are produced into the upper apperance by injection molding forming method, then by the upper apperance
Then surface impregnation coating in addition to lower annular end face, then stucco sinters, it is described during sintering on apperance gas
Change and lose mould, obtain the shell of the upper apperance, the lower annular end face of the shell is the opening for causing molten iron to flow into；
Atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics are produced into runner system apperance by injection molding forming method；
An atactic copolymerized polypropene plastic hoop is taken, by the upper annular end face of the lower apperance poly- with the random copolymerization third
The lower annular end face bonding connection of alkene plastics ring, and the upper annular end face of atactic copolymerized polypropene plastic hoop is inserted into the shell
Circular opening in, and cause the lower apperance upper annular end face it is seamless with the lower annular end face of the shell splicing with will
The lower apperance is spliced into integral piece for casting reel with the shell；
The lower apperance is integral by bonding connection with the runner system apperance, the runner system apperance bonding
On the bottom surface of the lower apperance, obtain including the apperance integral piece of the lower apperance, shell and runner system apperance；
2) first casing is taken, by step 1) in apperance integral piece be positioned in first casing with vertical；
Then lay from top to bottom in the way of around the apperance integral piece in the periphery of the apperance integral piece multiple
Cooling coil, each cooling coil has each independent import and outlet, by controlling multiple cooling coils and the apperance
The spacing size of integral piece outer wall controls the process of setting of molten iron；
Then multiple cooling coils are laid from top to bottom at the boring of the apperance integral piece, each cooling coil
With each independent import and outlet, by the spacing size control for controlling multiple cooling coils and the apperance integral piece inwall
The process of setting of molten iron processed；
Then upper stalk is set, and the upper stalk is passed through and is fixed in the lower bottom of first casing, described
The free end lower surface of runner system apperance is docked with the upper end open of the upper stalk, and the runner system apperance from
The upper end open of the upper stalk is completely covered by by end lower surface, the upper stalk and bottom under first casing is sealed
Junction；
Then vaccum suction tube is set, and the vaccum suction tube is passed through and is fixed on the side box wall of first casing,
One end of the vaccum suction tube keeps at a certain distance away with the apperance integral piece, and the other end of the vaccum suction tube is exposed at institute
State the outside of the first casing and connect with vacuum system, seal the connection of the vaccum suction tube and the first casing side box wall
Place；
Then to back-up sand in first casing, then it is compacted, obtains sand mold；
Then whole first casing is sealed；
3) smelting molten iron, then sequentially passes through molten iron spheroidising, an inoculation and late inoculation and processes, obtains
To the molten iron described in above-mentioned any one, then molten iron is contained with open containers；
4) by step 3) in open containers be placed in a second closed casing, and cause the upper stalk
In the molten iron that lower end is immersed in the open containers through the top case lid of second casing, seal the upper stalk with it is described
The junction of the second casing；
5) compressed gas are blowed into second casing, meanwhile, open vacuum system and produce vacuum, in open containers
Molten iron in the presence of the pressure of compressed gas and the suction force of vacuum, in the die cavity for flowing into sand mold along upper stalk,
Molten iron fills from the bottom up type, and first runner system apperance is gasified with lower apperance, subsequently into the hollow cavity in shell in, until opening
Liquid level in mouth container no longer declines and shows that molten iron fills whole sand mold die cavity, and the gas after gasification is true by vaccum suction tube
Empty set system is taken away, then keeps blowing gas and vacuumizing, until the molten steel solidification in sand mold die cavity；
After the liquid level in open containers no longer declines, in each cooling coil cooling medium is supplied successively from top to bottom
To carry out cooled and solidified and realization consecutive solidification from top to bottom to spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, meanwhile, the iron in sand mold die cavity
Water applies electromagnetic agitation；
6) after the entrance of cooling coil of bottom is less than 3 DEG C with the temperature difference of the cooling medium in exit, stop blowing
Send compressed gas and vacuumize, then from second casing extract the upper stalk out, then take described first apart
Casing, then abolishes sand mold, knocks out the shell, obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of high performance spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, is with traditional sand mould casting method
Basis, and many places improvement has been carried out on this basis, the present invention has following beneficial technique effect：
1) in script sand casting, reel apperance wooden model is adopted more, after making sand mold, wooden model is also taken out, in order to take out
Wooden model, needs to do some special designs, for example：Sand mold is at least two-layer and is beneficial to later stage taking-up wooden model, and wooden model needs to make
Pattern draft after casting, will also machine the pattern draft removed on foundry goods to facilitate the later stage to take out wooden model, etc., take
When it is laborious, increased production cost, production efficiency is reduced, for this purpose, the present invention adopts plastics apperance, because plastics apperance is connecing
Gasification is easy to when the molten iron for contacting high temperature, is become gas and is taken away by vacuum system, left behind outside one and reel structure
The similar sand mold die cavity of shape, therefore, in the present invention, without arranging die joint, whole sandbox is a complete sandbox to sand mold,
Without arranging pattern draft, without core at the hollow cavity arranged corresponding to spool body etc., by above-mentioned apperance one
Body part is directly embedded in back-up sand just can be with, time saving and energy saving, cost-effective, improves efficiency.
2) present invention adopts injection mo(u)lding, emphasizes that, using non-foam moulding process, the apperance obtained after shaping compares foam plastic
Material has higher density and intensity, can bear larger compaction force during compacting back-up sand below, and be unlikely to so that
There is deformation in upper apperance, lower apperance and casting system apperance, and foamed plastics is easily deformed under the compaction force.
3) in script sand casting, one core of placement is needed to cast out the hollow cavity to pour at the hollow cavity of chock hole portion,
Because the hollow cavity wall thickness is larger but hollow internal diameter is less so that the making of the core, positioning lay very inconvenient, it is easy to just
By the hollow cavity casting failure, even if using above-mentioned plastics apperance, be also required to place a core herein, still exist above-mentioned
Problem, for this purpose, the present invention is further, be divided into two pieces to be fabricated separately at chock hole whole reel apperance, lower apperance
Exactly above-mentioned produces atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics by injection molding forming method, and upper apperance is first by atactic copolymerized polypropene
Plastics are produced by injection molding forming method, then in the whole surface of upper apperance produce shell again, and the shell is a hollow shell, is led to
Cross above-mentioned atactic copolymerized polypropene plastic hoop lower apperance is stitched together with the shell, when casting, molten iron is from lower past
On fill type, first the gasification of lower apperance, subsequently into the hollow cavity in the shell in, finally solidify and obtain reel, be arranged such, just
It is above-mentioned with regard to not there is a problem of without arranging core again.
4) liquation fills from top to bottom type in original sand casting, and the gas in sand mold is moved from the bottom up so that gas
It is melt hydraulic pressure to live, is difficult the problem from sand mold effusion, causes volume gas serious in sand casting and pore problem, for this purpose, this
In invention, it is placed in apperance integral piece is vertical in sand mold, and the runner system apperance is bonded in the bottom surface of the lower apperance
On so that molten iron is to fill type from the bottom up, and apperance integral piece is to gasify from the bottom up, and the gas after gasification is also to transport from the bottom up
Dynamic, the direction of three is consistent, so as to avoid above-mentioned volume gas and pore problem.
5) sand casting now, foundry goods is all natural cooling, and the cast structure obtained after solidification is what is exactly
What, is not purposefully controlled completely, is a kind of cooled and solidified entirely without control, exists the solidified structure for obtaining more
The defects such as segregation, shrinkage cavity and porosity, cold shut, coarse grains, have had a strong impact on the mechanical property of foundry goods, for this purpose, it is of the invention, in sand
Imbed cooling coil in type in advance, by controlling the spacing size of multiple cooling coils and the reel apperance outer wall molten iron is controlled
Process of setting, the solidification of molten iron is controlled by controlling the spacing size of multiple cooling coils and the reel apperance inwall
Journey, and select suitably to be initially supplied the opportunity of cooling medium, and control to be initially supplied cooling medium in multiple cooling coils
Tandem, and corresponding cooling medium consumption and pressure in each cooling coil are controlled, to realize entering spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel
Row forces cooled and solidified, improves cooling and hastens, and with inhibiting grain growth, obtains crystal grain thinning, is significantly carried by refined crystalline strengthening
The mechanical properties such as the intensity and toughness of high foundry goods, and consecutive solidification from top to bottom is realized, the top of foundry goods first cools down, so
Solidify gradually downward afterwards, then the bottom solidification of foundry goods, is finally casting system solidification, in significantly reducing original sand casting
Shrinkage cavity and porosity and cold shut problem, improve casting quality.Because sand mold has larger gas permeability in the first casing, modeling
The extraneous air in the first closed casing can flow in the first casing in gas and cavity filling process after material gasification,
As a kind of heat transfer medium, the heat transfer of sections water will be filled to the cooling medium in cooling coil by flowing, realized above-mentioned
The pressure cooling effect of cooling coil, improves the structure property of foundry goods.
6) in traditional sand casting, liquation is entirely to fill type by the gravity flowing of itself, it is easy to misrun, cold occur
The problems such as, shrinkage cavity and porosity, for this purpose, of the invention, using the pressure of compressed gas and the suction force collective effect of vacuum by iron
Water fills whole sand mold die cavity, and before solidifying completely, holding blows gas and vacuumizes so that molten iron is all the time with a pressure
Sand mold die cavity is filled, and is cooled down therewith, significantly reduce the quality problems such as misrun, cold shut, shrinkage cavity and porosity.
7) present invention arranges electromagnetic agitation, rather than electric and magnetic oscillation, and electromagnetic agitation simply stirs liquid liquation, only to producing
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron of magnetisation works, and electromagnetic agitation can smash dendrite, crystal grain thinning and reduce segregation etc., and electromagnetism
Vibration is that whole first casing generation is acted on, it should be apparent that, vibration is easily destroyed ready-made sand mold, and destroys rising liquid
The sealing with the junction of the first casing such as pipe and vaccum suction tube, the vacuum destroyed in the first casing etc..
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of reel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the rearview of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the centre section topology view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the A-A faces cross section view in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the B-B faces cross section view in Fig. 3；
Fig. 6 is the splicing line position view of reel apperance includes in the present invention lower apperance and upper apperance；
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of upper apperance in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view of lower apperance in the present invention.
In figure：1 reel, 101 spool bodies, block plate on 102,103 times block plates, 104 chock hole portions, apperance on 2,3 times moulds
Sample, 4 splicing lines.
Specific embodiment
For a further understanding of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described with reference to embodiment, but
It should be appreciated that these descriptions simply further illustrate the feature and advantage of the present invention, rather than to the limit of the claims in the present invention
System.
The invention provides a kind of high performance spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, is processed, spheroidal graphite used by ductile cast iron material
Cast iron includes following components in percentage by weight：3.0%～3.3% C；3.6%～4.0% Si；S<0.02%；P<
0.03%；Mn<0.3%；0.02%～0.04% Mg；0.01%～0.025% RE；0.2%～0.3% Mo；
0.12%～0.15% Ni；0.003%～0.010% Ca, 0.005%～0.010% Ba, and 0.010%≤Ca+Ba
≤ 0.020%, Bi≤0.003%；Balance of Fe and inevitable impurity.
In one embodiment of the invention, the percentage by weight of the Mo is 0.22%～0.28%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the percentage by weight of the Ni is 0.125%～0.145%.
In one embodiment of the invention, tensile strength sigma b of spheroidal graphite cast-iron used >=540MPa, yield strength σ 0.2
>=400MPa, elongation percentage δ >=14%.
Now, it is molded using sand mould casting method more than spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, but is there are problems that more, for this purpose, of the invention
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel is additionally provided, is comprised the following steps：
1) reel apperance is produced：
As shown in figure Fig. 1-Fig. 5, the reel 1 includes spool body 101, upper block plate 102, the lower block plate of hollow tubular
103 and the chock hole portion 104 on the inside of the one end of spool body 101；Chock hole portion 104 includes that a wall thickness is larger but hollow
The less hollow cavity of internal diameter；
The reel apperance includes upper apperance 2 and lower apperance 3, the bonding connection face of the upper apperance 2 and the lower apperance 3
Coincide with the radial section of the spool body 101 and through the inferolateral surface of the chock hole portion 104；As shown in fig. 6, in figure
Dotted line is the splicing line 4 of upper apperance 2 and the bonding of lower apperance 3；Above-mentioned lower apperance 3 and upper apperance 2 and its true thing
Contour structures are similar, the magnification ratio that simply there is shrinkage factor in compensation casting solidification process, and there is no traditional sand casting
In pattern draft；
Atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics are produced into the lower apperance 3 by injection molding forming method；
Atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics are produced into the upper apperance 2 by injection molding forming method, then by the upper apperance 2
The surface impregnation coating in addition to lower annular end face, then then stucco sinter, it is described during sintering on apperance
Mould is lost in 2 gasifications, obtains the shell of the upper apperance 2, and the lower annular end face of the shell is the opening for causing molten iron to flow into；
Atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics are produced into runner system apperance by injection molding forming method；Preferably, runner system
Apperance is solid vertical column；
An atactic copolymerized polypropene plastic hoop is taken, the upper annular end face of the lower apperance 3 and the random copolymerization are gathered
The lower annular end face bonding connection of Acrylic plastic ring, and the upper annular end face of atactic copolymerized polypropene plastic hoop is inserted into the type
In the circular opening of shell, and cause the upper annular end face of the lower apperance 3 and the seamless splicing of lower annular end face of the shell
So that the lower apperance 3 and the shell are spliced into integral for casting reel；
The lower apperance 3 is integral by bonding connection with the runner system apperance, and the runner system apperance is glued
Knot obtains including the apperance integral piece of the lower apperance 3, shell and runner system apperance on the bottom surface of the lower apperance 3；
Preferably, by PUR bonding connection；
Above-mentioned atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics are addition stabilizer, lubricant, plasticising based on atactic copolymerized polypropene
Plastics made by agent etc..The present invention is not particularly limited to the formula of above-mentioned atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics, is led using this technology
Conventional formulation in domain；
The present invention adopts injection mo(u)lding, emphasizes that, using non-foam moulding process, the apperance obtained after shaping compares foamed plastics
With higher density and intensity, larger compaction force during compacting back-up sand below can be born, and be unlikely to so that on
There is deformation in apperance 2, lower apperance 3 and casting system apperance, and foamed plastics is easily deformed under the compaction force；
In script sand casting, reel apperance wooden model is adopted more, after making sand mold, wooden model is also taken out, in order to take out wood
Mould, needs to do some special designs, for example：Sand mold is at least two-layer and is beneficial to later stage taking-up wooden model, and wooden model needs to make
Mould gradient after casting, will also machine the pattern draft removed on foundry goods to facilitate the later stage to take out wooden model, etc., time-consuming
Arduously, production cost is increased, reduces production efficiency, for this purpose, the present invention adopts plastics apperance, because plastics apperance is in contact
To high temperature molten iron when be easy to gasification, become gas and taken away by vacuum system, leave behind one with reel structure profile
Similar sand mold die cavity, therefore, in the present invention, without arranging die joint, whole sandbox is a complete sandbox to sand mold, also not
With pattern draft is arranged, without core at the hollow cavity arranged corresponding to spool body 101 etc., by above-mentioned apperance one
Body part is directly embedded in back-up sand just can be with, time saving and energy saving, cost-effective, improves efficiency；
In script sand casting, one core of placement is needed to cast out the hollow cavity to pour at the hollow cavity of chock hole portion 104,
Because the hollow cavity wall thickness is larger but hollow internal diameter is less so that the making of the core, positioning lay very inconvenient, it is easy to just
By the hollow cavity casting failure, even if using above-mentioned plastics apperance, be also required to place a core herein, still exist above-mentioned
Problem, for this purpose, the present invention is further, be divided into two pieces to be fabricated separately at chock hole whole reel apperance, lower apperance 3
Exactly above-mentioned produces atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics by injection molding forming method, and upper apperance 2 is first by random copolymerization poly- third
Alkene plastics are produced by injection molding forming method, then in the whole surface of upper apperance 2 produce shell again, and the shell is hollow
Shell, is stitched together lower apperance 3 with the shell by above-mentioned atactic copolymerized polypropene plastic hoop, when casting, molten iron
Fill type from the bottom up, first lower apperance 3 gasified, subsequently into the hollow cavity in the shell in, finally solidify and obtain reel, so
Arrange, it is above-mentioned with regard to not there is a problem of just without arranging core again.Preparing raw material and system of the present invention to above-mentioned shell
Preparation Method is not particularly limited, using convenient source in the art and method；
2) first casing is taken, by step 1) in apperance integral piece be positioned in first casing with vertical；
Liquation fills from top to bottom type in original sand casting, and the gas in sand mold is moved from the bottom up so that gas quilt
Liquation is pushed down, and is difficult the problem from sand mold effusion, causes volume gas serious in sand casting and pore problem, for this purpose, this
In bright, it is placed in apperance integral piece is vertical in sand mold, and the runner system apperance is bonded in the bottom surface of the lower apperance 3
On so that molten iron is to fill type from the bottom up, and apperance integral piece is to gasify from the bottom up, and the gas after gasification is also to transport from the bottom up
Dynamic, the direction of three is consistent, so as to avoid above-mentioned volume gas and pore problem；
Then lay from top to bottom in the way of around the apperance integral piece in the periphery of the apperance integral piece multiple
Cooling coil, each cooling coil has each independent import and outlet, by controlling multiple cooling coils and the apperance
The spacing size of integral piece outer wall controls the process of setting of molten iron；
Then multiple cooling coils are laid from top to bottom at the boring of the apperance integral piece, each cooling coil
With each independent import and outlet, by the spacing size control for controlling multiple cooling coils and the apperance integral piece inwall
The process of setting of molten iron processed；
Sand casting now, foundry goods is all natural cooling, and it is exactly assorted that what the cast structure obtained after solidification is
Appearance, is not purposefully controlled completely, is a kind of cooled and solidified entirely without control, exists the solidified structure for obtaining inclined more
The defects such as analysis, shrinkage cavity and porosity, cold shut, coarse grains, have had a strong impact on the mechanical property of foundry goods, for this purpose, it is of the invention, in sand mold
In advance embedment cooling coil, control molten iron by controlling the spacing size of multiple cooling coils and the apperance integral piece outer wall
Process of setting, the solidification of molten iron is controlled by controlling the spacing size of multiple cooling coils and the apperance integral piece inwall
Journey, and select suitably to be initially supplied the opportunity of cooling medium, and control to be initially supplied cooling medium in multiple cooling coils
Tandem, and corresponding cooling medium consumption and pressure in each cooling coil are controlled, to realize entering spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel
Row forces cooled and solidified, improves cooling and hastens, and with inhibiting grain growth, obtains crystal grain thinning, is significantly carried by refined crystalline strengthening
The mechanical properties such as the intensity and toughness of high foundry goods, and consecutive solidification from top to bottom is realized, the top of foundry goods first cools down, so
Solidify gradually downward afterwards, then the bottom solidification of foundry goods, is finally casting system solidification, in significantly reducing original sand casting
Shrinkage cavity and porosity and cold shut problem, improve casting quality；Because sand mold has larger gas permeability in the first casing, modeling
The extraneous air in the first closed casing can flow in the first casing in gas and cavity filling process after material gasification,
As a kind of heat transfer medium, the heat transfer of sections water will be filled to the cooling medium in cooling coil by flowing, realized above-mentioned
The pressure cooling effect of cooling coil, improves the structure property of foundry goods；
Then upper stalk is set, and the upper stalk is passed through and is fixed in the lower bottom of first casing, described
The free end lower surface of runner system apperance is docked with the upper end open of the upper stalk, and the runner system apperance from
The upper end open of the upper stalk is completely covered by by end lower surface, the upper stalk and bottom under first casing is sealed
Junction；
Then vaccum suction tube is set, and the vaccum suction tube is passed through and is fixed on the side box wall of first casing,
One end of the vaccum suction tube keeps at a certain distance away with the apperance integral piece, and the other end of the vaccum suction tube is exposed at institute
State the outside of the first casing and connect with vacuum system, seal the connection of the vaccum suction tube and the first casing side box wall
Place；
Then to back-up sand in first casing, then it is compacted, obtains sand mold；In the sand mold and traditional sand casting process
Use sand species, the preparation method of sand mold etc. it is identical, it is not specifically limited to this for the present invention, using it is of the prior art i.e.
Can；
Then whole first casing is sealed to coordinate above-mentioned vacuum system extracting vacuum；Vacuum herein means whole
All it is negative-pressure vacuum in individual first casing, because the present invention is using the sand mold in traditional sand casting, the sand mold has higher
Gas permeability, can cause the air circulation of above-mentioned plastics gas and script, and eventually through vaccum suction tube by vacuum system
System is taken away；
3) smelting molten iron, then sequentially passes through molten iron spheroidising, an inoculation and late inoculation and processes, obtains
To above-mentioned molten iron, then molten iron is contained with open containers；
4) by step 3) in open containers be placed in a second closed casing, and cause the upper stalk
In the molten iron that lower end is immersed in the open containers through the top case lid of second casing, seal the upper stalk with it is described
The junction of the second casing；
5) compressed gas are blowed into second casing, meanwhile, open vacuum system and produce vacuum, in open containers
Molten iron in the presence of the pressure of compressed gas and the suction force of vacuum, in the die cavity for flowing into sand mold along upper stalk,
Molten iron fills from the bottom up type, and first runner system apperance is gasified with lower apperance 3, subsequently into the hollow cavity in shell in, until
Liquid level in open containers no longer declines and shows that molten iron fills whole sand mold die cavity, and the gas after gasification passes through vaccum suction tube quilt
Vacuum system is taken away, then keeps blowing gas and vacuumizing, until the molten steel solidification in sand mold die cavity；
In traditional sand casting, liquation is entirely to fill type by the gravity flowing of itself, it is easy to misrun, cold occur
The problems such as, shrinkage cavity and porosity, for this purpose, of the invention, using the pressure of compressed gas and the suction force collective effect of vacuum by iron
Water fills whole sand mold die cavity, and before solidifying completely, holding blows gas and vacuumizes so that molten iron is all the time with a pressure
Sand mold die cavity is filled, and is cooled down therewith, significantly reduce the quality problems such as misrun, cold shut, shrinkage cavity and porosity；
After the liquid level in open containers no longer declines, in each cooling coil cooling medium is supplied successively from top to bottom
To carry out cooled and solidified and realization consecutive solidification from top to bottom to spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, it is preferred that cooling medium is water；
Meanwhile, apply electromagnetic agitation to the molten iron in sand mold die cavity；
It is herein electromagnetic agitation, rather than electric and magnetic oscillation, electromagnetic agitation simply stirs liquid liquation, only to producing magnetic
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron work, electromagnetic agitation can smash dendrite, crystal grain thinning and reduce segregation etc., and electric and magnetic oscillation is
Whole first casing generation is acted on, it should be apparent that, vibration is easily destroyed ready-made sand mold, and destroy upper stalk and
The sealing of vaccum suction tube etc. and the junction of the first casing, the vacuum destroyed in the first casing etc.；
6) after the entrance of cooling coil of bottom is less than 3 DEG C with the temperature difference of the cooling medium in exit, stop blowing
Send compressed gas and vacuumize, then from second casing extract the upper stalk out, then take described first apart
Casing, then abolishes sand mold, knocks out the shell, obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel；Follow-up process is then proceeded to, such as hot place
Reason；
When in traditional sand casting, unpack complete with personal experience, easily determine error, and the present invention with most
The temperature difference of the cooling medium in entrance and the exit of the cooling coil of side as unpacking criterion, when the temperature difference is less than 3 DEG C
Afterwards, the temperature for showing the bottom of foundry goods is reduced to relatively low, can unpack, there is provided it is a kind of from scratch and side more directly perceived
Just determination methods.
The explanation of above example is only intended to help and understands the method for the present invention and its core concept.It should be pointed out that right
For those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, the present invention can also be carried out
Some improvement and modification, these are improved and modification is also fallen in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention.
For various modifications of these embodiments are for those skilled in the art it will be apparent that defined herein one
As principle can realize in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention will
Will not be intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and be to fit to consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty
Widest range.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of high performance spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, it is characterised in that processed by ductile cast iron material, spheroidal graphite cast-iron used
Including following components in percentage by weight：3.0%～3.3% C；3.6%～4.0% Si；S<0.02%；P<0.03%；
Mn<0.3%；0.02%～0.04% Mg；0.01%～0.025% RE；0.2%～0.3% Mo；0.12%～
0.15% Ni；0.003%～0.010% Ca, 0.005%～0.010% Ba, and 0.010%≤Ca+Ba≤
0.020%, Bi≤0.003%；Balance of Fe and inevitable impurity；
The preparation method of described spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel, comprises the following steps：
1) reel apperance is produced：
The reel includes spool body, upper block plate, lower block plate and the wedge on the inside of spool body one end of hollow tubular
Sub-aperture portion；
The reel apperance includes upper apperance and lower apperance, and the upper apperance coincides with institute with the bonding Mosaic face of the lower apperance
State the radial section of spool body and through the inferolateral surface of the chock hole portion；
Atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics are produced into the lower apperance by injection molding forming method；
Atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics are produced into the upper apperance by injection molding forming method, then by the upper apperance except
Then surface impregnation coating outside lower annular end face, then stucco sinters, it is described during sintering on apperance gasification lose
Mould, obtains the shell of the upper apperance, and the lower annular end face of the shell is the opening for causing molten iron to flow into；
Atactic copolymerized polypropene plastics are produced into runner system apperance by injection molding forming method；
An atactic copolymerized polypropene plastic hoop is taken, the upper annular end face of the lower apperance and the atactic copolymerized polypropene are moulded
The lower annular end face bonding connection of material ring, and the upper annular end face of atactic copolymerized polypropene plastic hoop is inserted into the ring of the shell
In shape opening, and the upper annular end face splicing seamless with the lower annular end face of the shell of the lower apperance is caused with will be described
Lower apperance is spliced into integral piece for casting reel with the shell；
The lower apperance is integral by bonding connection with the runner system apperance, and the runner system apperance is bonded in institute
State on the bottom surface of lower apperance, obtain including the apperance integral piece of the lower apperance, shell and runner system apperance；
2) first casing is taken, by step 1) in apperance integral piece be positioned in first casing with vertical；
Then multiple coolings are laid from top to bottom in the way of around the apperance integral piece in the periphery of the apperance integral piece
Coil pipe, each cooling coil has each independent import and outlet, by controlling multiple cooling coils with apperance one
The spacing size of part outer wall controls the process of setting of molten iron；
Then multiple cooling coils are laid from top to bottom at the boring of the apperance integral piece, each cooling coil has
Each independent import and outlet, iron is controlled by controlling multiple cooling coils with the spacing size of the apperance integral piece inwall
The process of setting of water；
Then upper stalk is set, and the upper stalk is passed through and is fixed in the lower bottom of first casing, the running channel
The free end lower surface of system apperance is docked with the upper end open of the upper stalk, and the free end of the runner system apperance
Lower surface is completely covered by the upper end open of the upper stalk, seals the company of the upper stalk and bottom under first casing
Meet place；
Then vaccum suction tube is set, and the vaccum suction tube is passed through and is fixed on the side box wall of first casing, described
One end of vaccum suction tube keeps at a certain distance away with the apperance integral piece, and the other end of the vaccum suction tube is exposed at described
The outside of one casing and connect with vacuum system, seal the junction of the vaccum suction tube and the first casing side box wall；
Then to back-up sand in first casing, then it is compacted, obtains sand mold；
Then whole first casing is sealed；
3) smelting molten iron, then sequentially passes through molten iron spheroidising, an inoculation and late inoculation and processes, obtains iron
Water, then contains molten iron with open containers；
4) by step 3) in open containers be placed in a second closed casing, and cause the upper stalk lower end
In the molten iron immersed in the open containers through the top case lid of second casing, the upper stalk and described second is sealed
The junction of casing；
5) compressed gas are blowed into second casing, meanwhile, open vacuum system and produce vacuum, the molten iron in open containers
In the presence of the pressure of compressed gas and the suction force of vacuum, in the die cavity for flowing into sand mold along upper stalk, molten iron
Fill type from the bottom up, first runner system apperance gasified with lower apperance, subsequently into the hollow cavity in shell in, until opening appearance
Liquid level in device no longer declines and shows that molten iron fills whole sand mold die cavity, and the gas after gasification is by vaccum suction tube by vacuum system
System is taken away, then keeps blowing gas and vacuumizing, until the molten steel solidification in sand mold die cavity；
After the liquid level in open containers no longer declines, from top to bottom successively in each cooling coil supply cooling medium with right
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel carries out cooled and solidified and realization consecutive solidification from top to bottom, meanwhile, apply to the molten iron in sand mold die cavity
Plus electromagnetic agitation；
6) after the entrance of cooling coil of bottom is less than 3 DEG C with the temperature difference of the cooling medium in exit, stopping blows band
Calm the anger and body and vacuumize, then from second casing extract the upper stalk out, then take first casing apart,
Then sand mold is abolished, the shell is knocked out, spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel is obtained.
2. spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the percentage by weight of the Mo is 0.22%～
0.28%.
3. spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the percentage by weight of the Ni is 0.125%
～0.145%.
4. spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tensile strength sigma of spheroidal graphite cast-iron usedb≥
540MPa, yield strength σ0.2>=400MPa, elongation percentage δ >=14%.
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| CN201610357227.0A CN105821298B (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2016-05-26 | High-performance nodular cast iron winding drum and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN201610357227.0A CN105821298B (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2016-05-26 | High-performance nodular cast iron winding drum and manufacturing method thereof |
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| JP4527304B2 (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2010-08-18 | アイシン精機株式会社 | High strength high toughness spheroidal graphite cast iron |
| CN102703802A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-03 | 上海宏钢电站设备铸锻有限公司 | High-strength high-toughness low-temperature-resistant ferritic nodular cast iron |
| CN105506440B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-01-05 | 山东汇丰铸造科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high-strength high-tractility spheroidal graphite cast-iron reel and preparation method thereof |
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