CN212469667U - Process device for producing as-cast traction sheave casting - Google Patents
Process device for producing as-cast traction sheave casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN212469667U CN212469667U CN202020212249.XU CN202020212249U CN212469667U CN 212469667 U CN212469667 U CN 212469667U CN 202020212249 U CN202020212249 U CN 202020212249U CN 212469667 U CN212469667 U CN 212469667U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a process units of production as-cast condition traction sheave foundry goods, it belongs to machinery. The utility model discloses the process units of driving sheave foundry goods includes gating system, driving sheave foundry goods and cooling rack, and the position of pouring into of gating system is poured into from the interior circle of driving sheave, and pours into the mode and pours into for interior circle tangent line formula multiple spot, and molten iron is rotatory flow in the circular shape casting mould externally during the pouring, and the upper and lower hardness uniformity of the whole excircle working face of driving sheave foundry goods is placed on the cooling rack from the driving sheave foundry goods after the iron mold separates. The utility model has the advantages of reasonable design, safe and reliable reduces driving sheave foundry goods manufacturing cost, shortens driving sheave production cycle, makes the hardness difference of driving sheave excircle working face need not heat treatment can satisfy the poor requirement of hardness.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a device and method especially relate to a process units of production as-cast condition traction sheave foundry goods, it belongs to machinery.
Background
The sand-coated iron mould casting is characterized by that a thin layer of coated sand is coated on the inner cavity of metal mould to form a casting mould. The sand-lined metal mold casting has the advantages of energy conservation, material conservation, high efficiency, high quality, green production and the like, and the application field is wider and wider. The elevator is used as special equipment, and the safety of the elevator is very important; the traction wheel is one of the transmission components in elevator products, and is used for drawing the steel rope running wheel for lifting the elevator cage, a plurality of steel rope running grooves are arranged on the excircle wheel surface of the traction wheel, the traction wheel has high requirements on the consistency of the hardness of the steel rope running grooves, and the consistency of the hardness directly influences the abrasion of the steel rope for drawing the elevator cage, thereby playing a very key role in the safety of the elevator.
The existing technology for producing traction sheave castings comprises a green sand mold casting technology, a resin sand casting technology and an iron mold sand-lined casting technology. The former two processes have low cooling speed of castings, and the hardness of the outer circle surface of the castings can basically meet the requirements of product drawings, but the internal quality, the external dimension precision, the surface roughness and the like of the castings are not satisfactory. The iron mold sand-lined casting traction sheave has the advantages that due to the special quick cooling characteristic of iron mold sand-lined casting, the hardness consistency of the outer circular surface of a traction sheave casting is difficult to realize under the as-cast condition, the hardness difference between the lower part and the upper part of the outer circular working surface often exceeds the range set by a drawing, particularly, the quality requirement of a casting product is improved along with the improvement of the quality of an elevator, the requirement of the hardness difference of the outer circular surface of the traction sheave is gradually reduced from HB20-30 to HB5-15, the traction sheave casting produced by the original iron mold sand-lined casting mode is difficult to realize under the as-cast condition, the requirement can be met only by carrying out heat treatment on the casting, and therefore, the production cost and the production period of the product are greatly increased.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new iron mold sand-lined casting production process device and a new iron mold sand-lined casting production process method for the as-cast traction sheave to meet the quality requirement of the traction sheave casting.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned not enough that exists among the prior art, and provide a structural design reasonable, safe and reliable, reduce driving sheave foundry goods manufacturing cost, shorten driving sheave production cycle, make the poor process units who can satisfy the poor production cast condition driving sheave foundry goods of hardness requirement of the hardness of driving sheave excircle working face without heat treatment.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that above-mentioned problem adopted is: the process device for producing the as-cast traction sheave casting comprises a pouring system and is characterized in that: the casting system is characterized by further comprising a traction sheave casting and a cooling rack, the casting position of the casting system is cast from the inner circle of the traction sheave, the casting mode is inner circle tangent type multi-point casting, molten iron flows in a rotary mode in a circular casting mold outside during casting, the upper hardness and the lower hardness of the whole outer circle working surface of the traction sheave casting are uniform, and the traction sheave casting separated from the iron mold is placed on the cooling rack.
Preferably, the size of dimension of driving sheave foundry goods matches each other with the size of dimension of cooling rack.
Preferably, the cooling rack is formed by mutually welding a plurality of casting pipes.
Preferably, the hardness difference of the whole excircle working surface of the traction sheave casting of the invention is in the range of HB 5-15.
Preferably, the traction sheave casting adopts high-temperature casting.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage and effect: 1. the overall structure is reasonable in design, safe and reliable, and the traction sheave casting meeting the drawing precision requirement of a traction sheave product is produced by adopting an iron mold sand-lined casting technology; 2. the produced traction sheave casting product can meet the requirement of hardness difference less than HB5-15 without heat treatment; 3. the production cost of the traction sheave casting is reduced, the production period of the traction sheave is shortened, and the use requirement is met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first process diagram of a prior gating system for an iron mold sand-lined casting traction sheave.
Fig. 2 is a second process diagram of the prior gating system for the sand lined metal mold casting traction sheave.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a casting system for producing an as-cast traction sheave casting with uniform hardness of the excircle working surface according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the casting system of the present invention for producing an as-cast traction sheave casting with uniform hardness of the outer cylindrical working surface.
Fig. 5 is a first diagram of the thickness of the sand-coated layer and the thickness of the iron mold wall for producing an as-cast traction sheave casting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a second diagram of the thickness of the sand-coated layer and the thickness of the iron mold wall for producing an as-cast traction sheave casting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a casting iron mold box for producing an as-cast traction sheave casting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling rack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the placement mode of the traction sheave casting of the embodiment of the present invention when the traction sheave casting is cooled after being taken out from the casting at a high temperature.
In the figure: an iron mold 1, an iron mold runner 2, an iron mold wall 3, a casting sand layer 4, a casting mold cavity 5, a casting mold parting surface 6, a traction sheave casting 7, a cooling placing frame 8, a traction sheave excircle working surface 9, a traction sheave casting mold cavity 10, a casting system cavity 11, an iron mold parting surface L,
1-1 part of upper iron mold, 1-2 parts of lower iron mold, 3-1 part of upper iron mold wall thickness, 3-2 parts of lower iron mold wall thickness, 4-1 part of upper casting sand coating and 4-2 parts of lower casting sand coating.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples are given.
Referring to fig. 3 to 9, the process equipment for producing the as-cast traction sheave casting of the present embodiment includes a pouring system, an iron mold 1 and a traction sheave casting 7, the pouring position of the pouring system is poured from the inner circle of the traction sheave in a manner of inner circle tangent multi-point pouring, molten iron flows in a rotating manner in a casting mold with a circular outer surface during pouring, and the upper and lower hardness of the entire outer circumferential surface of the traction sheave casting 7 is uniform; the traction sheave casting 7 separated from the iron mold 1 is placed on the cooling rack 8.
The size of the traction sheave casting 7 of the embodiment is matched with that of the cooling placing frame 8; the cooling rack 8 is formed by welding a plurality of casting pipes.
The iron mold 1 comprises an upper iron mold 1-1 and a lower iron mold 1-2, the upper iron mold 1-1 and the lower iron mold 1-2 are matched with each other, a casting mold parting surface 6 is arranged between the upper iron mold 1-1 and the lower iron mold 1-2, iron mold runner edges 2 are arranged on two sides of the iron mold 1, and the iron mold is provided with an iron mold parting surface L.
The thickness 3 of the iron mold comprises an upper iron mold wall thickness 3-1 and a lower iron mold wall thickness 3-2; the casting mold sand-coated layer 4 comprises an upper casting mold sand-coated layer 4-1 and a lower casting mold sand-coated layer 4-2; in the iron mold box of the traction sheave casting 7, the mold cavity 5 is divided into a traction sheave mold cavity 10 and a gating system cavity 11.
The principle of the process device and the production method of the embodiment is as follows: the elevator traction sheave casting is used for a travelling wheel of a steel rope for drawing an elevator cage in an elevator traction machine, and in the process of lifting the elevator, the traction machine rotates to drive the traction sheave to rotate, so as to drive a plurality of elevator cage drawing steel ropes to do tangential motion in a traction sheave rope groove under the action of friction force of the traction sheave rope groove, thereby drawing and driving the elevator cage to do ascending or descending motion. Theoretically, the surface hardness of each rope groove on the outer circle of the traction sheave is desired to be uniform, so that the friction force between each steel rope and the corresponding rope groove on the traction sheave is uniform, the stress of each steel rope is the same during the ascending or descending process of the elevator, and the elevator is best in operation safety. When the hardness of the excircle working surface 9 of the traction sheave is inconsistent, and the hardness difference of rope grooves on the excircle surface of the traction sheave is too large, the friction force between each steel rope and the corresponding wheel groove is inconsistent, when the elevator runs, some steel ropes are stressed greatly, some steel ropes are stressed slightly, the abrasion of the steel ropes and the wheel rope grooves is different in the past, the tightness of each steel rope is inconsistent in the elevator lifting process, the stress of some steel ropes is large, the stress of some steel ropes is small, the steel ropes in the past are seriously broken due to the fact that the steel ropes are long, potential safety hazards are caused, and the traction sheave or the steel ropes need to be replaced. Therefore, the uniformity of the hardness of the rope grooves on the outer circle of the traction sheave has a great influence on the safety of the elevator and influences the service life of the elevator. Along with the improvement of the quality requirement of the industry on the elevator, the requirement of the industry on the uniformity of the hardness of the excircle working surface 9 of the traction wheel is further improved, the hardness difference range of a plurality of tractor enterprises is improved from HB20-30 to HB5-15, so that the castings can not realize cast-state production by adopting the original production modes of common sand casting, resin sand casting, even iron mold sand-lined casting and the like, and the requirement of the small hardness difference can be met by carrying out heat treatment after the castings are produced.
The principle of the present embodiment for producing the traction sheave is as follows: the solidification and cooling of the excircle working surface of the traction sheave casting 7 under relatively consistent cooling conditions are realized by changing the existing iron mold sand-lined gating system and adopting an iron mold sand-lined casting process, changing the thickness of the sand-lined layer at each position of the excircle working surface 9 of the traction sheave, changing the wall thickness of the iron mold cavity at each height position of the excircle working surface 9 of the traction sheave and an appropriate solidification and cooling process for casting the traction sheave casting 7 by using the iron mold sand-lined casting process, so that the hardness difference of each position of the excircle working surface 9 of the traction sheave is kept within the range of HB 10-15. In addition, the sensitivity of the cooling temperature and speed to the hardness of the casting product is reduced by selecting proper chemical components and reasonable spheroidization and inoculation treatment, so that the hardness difference is reduced to the minimum within a certain cooling speed range, and meanwhile, the casting is separated from an iron mold under the high-temperature condition and is placed on a cooling placing frame 8 for air cooling.
The embodiment is mainly used for the iron mold sand-lined casting production of the as-cast traction sheave casting with small hardware degree difference; the hardness of the whole excircle working surface of the casting needs to be uniform, the hardness difference range is HB5-15, and the casting state production is difficult to realize in common sand casting, resin sand casting and iron mold sand-lined casting. In the embodiment, the hardness difference range of each part of the excircle working surface of the traction sheave under the casting condition is controlled to be HB5-15 by adjusting the casting position of the traction sheave, chemical components, spheroidizing inoculation conditions, excircle solidification crystallization, solid cooling conditions and other methods and adopting an iron mold sand-lined casting production mode.
Referring to fig. 3-4, the pouring position of the pouring system of this embodiment is changed from the original outer circle pouring to the inner circle pouring of the traction sheave, and the pouring mode is inner circle tangent multi-point pouring, so that molten iron flows in tangentially when entering the casting mold, and the molten iron flows in the casting mold which is circular outside in the arranging and pouring process, so that the temperature of the flow plane of the molten iron rising in the casting mold is as consistent as possible, and the outer circle working surface 9 of the traction sheave does not have the overheating phenomenon at the pouring gate of the existing pouring mode shown in fig. 1-2. When the molten iron is filled in the entire mold, the molten iron does not start to solidify. At this time, because of the time relation of molten iron pouring, the temperatures of the lower part of the outer circle of the traction sheave and the upper part of the outer circle of the traction sheave are different, generally speaking, the temperature of the upper part is higher than that of the lower part, and according to the general situation, because the time for the molten iron to enter the casting mold is different and the time for the molten iron to radiate and bake each part of the casting mold is short, each part of the upper part and the lower part of the casting mold gate has a certain temperature difference, and when the wall thickness and the sand coating layer of each part of the iron mold are consistent, the lower part begins to. Such a temperature difference, and a cooling rate cause a difference in hardness between the upper portion of the outer circumference of the traction sheave and the lower portion thereof. The sand lined metal mold casting technology has the advantages that the cooling conditions of all parts of a casting can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the sand lined metal mold and the thickness 3 of the metal mold wall, so that the molten iron at the upper position and the lower position of a casting mold can be uniformly cooled, and the molten iron can start to solidify at similar time.
Referring to fig. 5 to 6, the thickness of the sand coating layer and the thickness of the iron mold wall 3 of the traction sheave casting of the embodiment are schematically shown, the thickness of the sand coating layer and the thickness of the iron mold wall 3 are linearly proportional from bottom to top, and are in an opposite linear relationship, and the thickness of the sand coating layer and the thickness of the iron mold wall are maximized at the pouring position. The linear relation of the thickness of the sand-coated layer from top to bottom to the pouring position is as follows: t1=5+0.03H, and the linear relationship from casting position to: t2=5+ 0.03H; the linear relation from bottom to top of the iron mold wall thickness 3 to the pouring position is as follows: t3=20+0.05H, and the linear relationship from casting position to top is: t4=20+ 0.05H.
The molten iron smelting and treating method for producing the cast condition traction sheave casting with uniform hardness on the rope surface comprises the following steps: special specifications and designs need to be made on the chemical components, melting process, spheroidization and inoculation process of the casting products so as to reduce the hardness sensitivity of the molten iron during solidification and crystallization. Smelting of molten iron adopts a scrap steel recarburization mode to obtain low-silicon molten iron, and the molten iron before spheroidization and inoculation comprises the following components: c: 3.7-3.85%; and (3) SI: 0.8 to 1.0 percent; s: < 0.02%; p: < 0.08%; MN: 0.3 to 0.5 percent; spheroidizing molten iron by using a low-rare-earth nodulizer for spheroidizing, inoculating, and adopting high-dose ferrosilicon, wherein the final silicon content SI of the molten iron is as follows: 2.4-2.6%; the pouring temperature is 1450-1400 ℃.
The time for opening the box and taking out the casting after the traction sheave casting 7 is solidified and the subsequent air cooling method are as follows: in order to ensure that the upper hardness and the lower hardness of the excircle working surface of the traction wheel casting 7 are uniform, when sand-lined iron mold casting is adopted, the casting needs to be separated out at a high temperature, generally, the casting is separated from the iron mold after casting for 5-6min, the temperature of the casting is at 950 ℃ and 1000 ℃, the casting is placed on a cooling placing frame 8, and the casting is placed and cooled to be below 500 ℃ according to the mode shown in the attached figure 5.
The pouring process of the casting adopts an internal pouring mode, so that the problem that molten iron is poured from the outer circle working surface to cause that the cooling speed of a pouring gate part is low and the hardness is low is avoided; the cooling speed of each part of the excircle working surface of the traction wheel is uniform through differentiation of sand-coated layers, the thickness of iron-type walls and other iron-type sand-coated tools, so that each part of the excircle is in a similar cooling condition, and the hardness of each part of the excircle is uniform; the chemical components and the molten iron treatment process adopt components with low sensitivity to the cooling speed and the molten iron treatment process to reduce the hardness difference; the casting is separated from the iron mold heat transfer cooling mode as soon as possible and is in relatively consistent air cooling conditions by adopting a high-temperature box opening casting mode and a specific cooling arrangement mode of the casting.
The process device and the production method for producing the cast-state traction sheave casting are used for producing the cast-state traction sheave casting 7, and the hardness difference range of the excircle working surface 9 of the traction sheave is smaller than HB 5-15.
And will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may be different in the components, the shapes of the components, the names of the components, and the like, and the above description is only an example of the structure of the present invention. All the equivalent changes or simple changes made according to the structure, characteristics and principle of the utility model are included in the protection scope of the utility model. Various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (3)
1. A process units for producing as-cast traction sheave casting, including the gating system, its characterized in that: the casting position of the pouring system is the inner circle of the traction wheel, the traction wheel casting separated from the iron mold is placed on the cooling placing frame, and the size of the traction wheel casting is matched with that of the cooling placing frame; the cooling placing frame is formed by mutually welding a plurality of casting pipes.
2. The process installation for producing an as-cast traction sheave casting according to claim 1, wherein: the hardness difference of the whole outer circle working surface of the traction sheave casting ranges from HB 5-15.
3. The process installation for producing an as-cast traction sheave casting according to claim 1, wherein: the traction sheave casting is made by high-temperature unpacking.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113458734A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-01 | 南通联翔机械有限公司 | Self-balancing elevator traction sheave and production method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113458734A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-01 | 南通联翔机械有限公司 | Self-balancing elevator traction sheave and production method thereof |
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