CN105820375A - 一种复合阻燃剂 - Google Patents

一种复合阻燃剂 Download PDF

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CN105820375A
CN105820375A CN201610346169.1A CN201610346169A CN105820375A CN 105820375 A CN105820375 A CN 105820375A CN 201610346169 A CN201610346169 A CN 201610346169A CN 105820375 A CN105820375 A CN 105820375A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合阻燃剂，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵30～40份、三聚氰胺20～35份、季戊四醇为4～10份、氢氧化镁6～13份、氢氧化铝5～12份、硼酸锌4～6份、氧化锌2～4份、八钼酸铵0.5～5份、碳酸钙3～5份、膨胀石墨2～5份、硅烷偶联剂0.02～3份。本发明的复合阻燃剂在聚灵酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇、膨胀石墨的协同作用下构成膨胀型阻燃剂，不产生有毒气体，抑烟性能良好，阻燃效果好。

Description

一种复合阻燃剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种阻燃剂，具体涉及一种复合阻燃剂。
背景技术
随着高分子材料工业的发展，塑料愈来愈广泛地应用于生产和生活的各个领域，与此同时，由于塑料的可燃性引起的火灾也给人们酿成了惨重的人员伤亡和巨大的经济损失，一些工业发达国家开始生产和应用阻燃塑料。随着电器、电子、机械、汽车、船舶、航空和航天的发展，对产品材质的阻燃要求也愈来愈高，是阻燃剂和阻燃材料的研制、生产及推广应用得以迅速发展。
膨胀型阻燃剂是近年来开发的以磷、氮为主要组成的阻燃剂，具有绿色环保、高效、低烟低毒、添加量低及对聚合物机械性能影响较小等优点，含这类阻燃剂的材料受热时表面能形成一层致密泡沫炭层，起到隔热、隔氧、抑烟作用，又能防止熔滴，在阻燃聚丙烯塑料中应用越来越广泛。目前，以聚磷酸铵为基础的磷氮体系无卤膨胀型阻燃剂研究较多，但是当阻燃剂添加量较小时，阻燃效果不明显，达不到国家建筑材料标准；当阻燃剂添加量较大时，虽然解决了阻燃问题，但严重影响到材料的性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种复合阻燃剂，阻燃效果好，无毒环保。
为实现上述目的，本发明的一种复合阻燃剂，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵30～40份、三聚氰胺20～35份、季戊四醇为4～10份、氢氧化镁6～13份、氢氧化铝5～12份、硼酸锌4～6份、氧化锌2～4份、八钼酸铵0.5～5份、碳酸钙3～5份、膨胀石墨2～5份、硅烷偶联剂0.02～3份。
优选的，所述的复合阻燃剂，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵32～37份、三聚氰胺25～32份、季戊四醇为5～8份、氢氧化镁7～11份、氢氧化铝8～10份、硼酸锌4～6份、氧化锌2～3.5份、八钼酸铵2～3.5份、碳酸钙3～4份、膨胀石墨3～4份、硅烷偶联剂0.8～2份。
优选的，所述的复合阻燃剂，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵35份、三聚氰胺28份、季戊四醇为6份、氢氧化镁10份、氢氧化铝8份、硼酸锌5份、氧化锌3份、八钼酸铵3份、碳酸钙4份、膨胀石墨3份、硅烷偶联剂1.5份。
优选的，所述的聚磷酸铵为高聚合度、水难溶的磷酸铵聚合物，聚合度为1000～1500。
优选的，所述的硅烷偶联剂选自γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨乙基-β-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。
上述复合阻燃剂的制备方法为：将各组分原料按比例投入到高速混料机内混合均匀，即可得到该阻燃剂。
本发明的复合阻燃剂采用的是经过热处理后的高聚合度聚磷酸铵，其热稳定性好，阻燃性能持久，无毒抑烟，属于磷系阻燃剂。三聚氰胺是一种常用的氮系阻燃剂，含氮阻燃剂受热放出二氧化碳、氮气、氨气等不燃气体，这类阻燃剂还可用作其它阻燃剂如磷系阻燃剂的协效剂，在磷-氮协同体系中作为发泡剂。季戊四醇的加入，与磷系、氮系阻燃剂可形成膨胀型阻燃剂。添加膨胀型阻燃剂的聚合物燃烧时会在表面上形成一层均匀的炭质泡沫层，此炭层在凝聚相能起到隔热、隔氧、抑烟和防熔滴的作用。本发明的复合阻燃剂不产生有毒气体，抑烟性能良好，阻燃效果好。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
一种复合阻燃剂，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵35份、三聚氰胺28份、季戊四醇为6份、氢氧化镁10份、氢氧化铝8份、硼酸锌5份、氧化锌3份、八钼酸铵3份、碳酸钙4份、膨胀石墨3份、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基三甲氧基硅烷1.5份。
上述复合阻燃剂的制备方法为：将各组分原料按比例投入到高速混料机内混合均匀，即可得到该阻燃剂。
实施例2
一种复合阻燃剂，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵30份、三聚氰胺20份、季戊四醇为4份、氢氧化镁6份、氢氧化铝5份、硼酸锌4份、氧化锌2份、八钼酸铵0.5份、碳酸钙3份、膨胀石墨2份、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷0.02份。
其制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
一种复合阻燃剂，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵40份、三聚氰胺35份、季戊四醇为10份、氢氧化镁13份、氢氧化铝12份、硼酸锌6份、氧化锌4份、八钼酸铵5份、碳酸钙5份、膨胀石墨5份、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷3份。
其制备方法同实施例1。
实施例4
一种复合阻燃剂，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵32份、三聚氰胺25份、季戊四醇为5份、氢氧化镁7份、氢氧化铝8份、硼酸锌4份、氧化锌2份、八钼酸铵2份、碳酸钙3份、膨胀石墨4份、γ-乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷0.8份。
其制备方法同实施例1。
实施例5
一种复合阻燃剂，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵37份、三聚氰胺32份、季戊四醇为8份、氢氧化镁11份、氢氧化铝10份、硼酸锌6份、氧化锌3.5份、八钼酸铵3.5份、碳酸钙4份、膨胀石墨4份、γ-氨乙基-β-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷2份。
其制备方法同实施例1。

Claims (5)

1.一种复合阻燃剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵30～40份、三聚氰胺20～35份、季戊四醇为4～10份、氢氧化镁6～13份、氢氧化铝5～12份、硼酸锌4～6份、氧化锌2～4份、八钼酸铵0.5～5份、碳酸钙3～5份、膨胀石墨2～5份、硅烷偶联剂0.02～3份。
2.如权利要求1所述的复合阻燃剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵32～37份、三聚氰胺25～32份、季戊四醇为5～8份、氢氧化镁7～11份、氢氧化铝8～10份、硼酸锌4～6份、氧化锌2～3.5份、八钼酸铵2～3.5份、碳酸钙3～4份、膨胀石墨3～4份、硅烷偶联剂0.8～2份。
3.如权利要求1所述的复合阻燃剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的组分组成：聚磷酸铵35份、三聚氰胺28份、季戊四醇为6份、氢氧化镁10份、氢氧化铝8份、硼酸锌5份、氧化锌3份、八钼酸铵3份、碳酸钙4份、膨胀石墨3份、硅烷偶联剂1.5份。
4.如权利要求1至3任一项所述的复合阻燃剂，其特征在于，所述的聚磷酸铵为高聚合度、水难溶的磷酸铵聚合物，聚合度为1000～1500。
5.如权利要求1至3任一项所述的复合阻燃剂，其特征在于，所述的硅烷偶联剂选自γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨乙基-β-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。
CN201610346169.1A 2016-05-23 2016-05-23 一种复合阻燃剂 Pending CN105820375A (zh)

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CN106317463A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2017-01-11 成都米特瑞新材料科技有限公司 一种具有阻燃性的柠檬酸增塑剂
CN106589656A (zh) * 2016-10-12 2017-04-26 广州市德錾科技有限公司 一种阻燃母粒及其制备得到的阻燃型pvc木塑墙板
CN106835833A (zh) * 2017-02-21 2017-06-13 浙江科技学院 一种环保型阻燃填料及其制备方法
CN106868916A (zh) * 2017-02-21 2017-06-20 浙江科技学院 一种环保型阻燃纸板及其制备方法
CN107266890A (zh) * 2017-07-11 2017-10-20 济南泰星精细化工有限公司 一种不饱和聚酯树脂无卤阻燃剂及其制备方法和应用
CN107881576A (zh) * 2017-12-23 2018-04-06 湖南辰砾新材料有限公司 一种有机复合阻燃剂及其制备方法
CN108642962A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2018-10-12 浙江鸿浩科技有限公司 一种耐高温纸张无卤阻燃剂
CN109135208A (zh) * 2018-08-30 2019-01-04 宏佩（上海）建筑科技有限公司 一种pet抗菌母粒及其制备方法
CN109401406A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-03-01 巩义市宏盛稀有金属有限公司 一种水性涂料用膨胀型抑烟阻燃剂及其制备方法
CN112266501A (zh) * 2020-10-29 2021-01-26 刘士福 一种阻燃性消烟剂

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CN107266890A (zh) * 2017-07-11 2017-10-20 济南泰星精细化工有限公司 一种不饱和聚酯树脂无卤阻燃剂及其制备方法和应用
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CN109135208A (zh) * 2018-08-30 2019-01-04 宏佩（上海）建筑科技有限公司 一种pet抗菌母粒及其制备方法
CN109401406A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-03-01 巩义市宏盛稀有金属有限公司 一种水性涂料用膨胀型抑烟阻燃剂及其制备方法
CN112266501A (zh) * 2020-10-29 2021-01-26 刘士福 一种阻燃性消烟剂

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