A kind of remove the processing method of ammonia nitrogen in sanitary wastewater
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of remove the processing method of ammonia nitrogen in sanitary wastewater, belong to the field of waste water treatment in environmental conservation.
Background technology
In recent years, along with improving constantly of China's cities and towns living standards of the people, the nitrogen content in urban life waste water steeply rises, and the arbitrarily discharge of increasing nitrogenous effluent causes harm greatly to environment.Nitrogen in waste water with organic nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4 +-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3 --N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2 --N) etc. various ways exist, and ammoniacal nitrogen is one of topmost existence form.Ammonia nitrogen in sanitary wastewater refers to the nitrogen existed with free ammonia and ion ammonium form, is mainly derived from food debris and washing sewage.The polluter of ammonia nitrogen is many, and discharge capacity is big, and the concentration change discharged is big.
From the perspective of environmental pollution, there is excess of ammonia nitrogen and dissolved oxygen concentration in water body can be caused to reduce, cause water body blackout smelly in water environment, deteriorating water quality, the existence to aquatic animals and plants impacts, and can cause body eutrophication.
At present, the technology that in sanitary wastewater, the utilization preferable, domestic of the process practicality of ammonia nitrogen is most is: biological denitrificaion method, ammonia aeration vaporizing extract process, break point chlorination, chemical precipitation method, ion exchange, liquid-film method, soil irrigation method etc..
(1) biological denitrificaion method: under aerobic condition, effect by aerobic nitrification bacterium, it is nitrite or nitrate by the ammonium oxidation in waste water, the most under anoxic conditions, utilizes denitrifying bacterium (denitrifier) to be nitrogen by nitrite and nitrate reduction and escape from waste water.
(2) ammonia aeration vaporizing extract process: stripping, vaporizing extract process are mainly used in removing useless gas dissolved water and some volatile substances.Will be passed through in water by gas, make gas be fully contacted mutually with aqueous phase, make gas dissolved water and volatile solutes through gas-liquid interface, shift to gas phase, thus reach to remove the purpose of pollutant.
(3) break point chlorination: break point chlorination is to be passed through chlorine in waste water to reach certain point, and in water, free chlorine contents is relatively low when this, and the concentration of ammonia reduces to zero.When chlorine intake exceedes this, the free chlorine in water will increase, and therefore, this point is referred to as break, and the chlorination under this state is referred to as breakpoint chlorination.
(4) chemical precipitation method: chemical precipitation method is to add Mg in waste water+And PO4 3-, it is allowed to generate indissoluble double salt MgNH with ammonia nitrogen4PO4*6H2O(is called for short MAP) crystallization, then make MAP separate from waste water by gravitational settling.
(5) ion exchange: the essence of ion exchange is the exchange reaction of the exchangeable ion on insoluble ionic compound (ion-exchanger) and other same sex ion in waste water, is a kind of special adsorption process, it is common that reversible chemical adsorbs.
(6) liquid-film method: it is that ammoniacal nitrogen is soluble in film phase that emulsion liquid membrane removes the mechanism of ammonia nitrogen, and it is from the outside of the high concentration of film, by the diffusive migration of film phase, arrives and occurs to solve dealkylation reaction, the NH of generation with the acid in interior boundary, with film internal phase inside film phase4 +Stable in film internal phase insoluble in oil phase, inside and outside film under the promotion of ammonia density difference, amino molecule is constantly by film surface adsorption, and diffusion migrates to desorbing inside film phase, thus reaches to separate the purpose removing ammonia nitrogen.
(7) soil irrigation method: soil irrigation is ammonia nitrogen waste water using low concentration (< 50mg/L) to be used as the fertilizer of crops, both provided stable water source for irrigating region agricultural, and turn avoid body eutrophication, and improve water utilization rate.But the waste water for soil irrigation has to pass through pretreatment, remove the harmful substances such as pathogenic bacteria, heavy metal, phenols, cyanide, oils.
There is the shortcomings such as cost height, technical sophistication, treatment effect instability due to above-mentioned traditional treatment method, therefore, it is necessary to break away from existing treatment technology thinking, hews out and process the new way of ammonia nitrogen in sanitary wastewater, and then develop NH3-N elimination method in the sanitary wastewater of a kind of new type.
Summary of the invention
nullFor solving the deficiencies in the prior art,The invention provides and a kind of remove the processing system of ammonia nitrogen in sanitary wastewater,Sanitary wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen enters sump by waste line,The outlet of sump connects coarse rack by waste line,The major diameter solid matter in sanitary wastewater is removed at this,The outlet of coarse rack connects primary sedimentation basin by waste line,The insoluble matter in waste water is removed further at this,The outlet of primary sedimentation basin connects pH value regulating reservoir by waste line,The outlet of pH value regulating reservoir connects crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system by waste line,Flue gas row's mouth of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system connects pickling tower by exhaust piping,Pickling processes is carried out to remove the ammonia in removing exhaust gas at this,Tail gas through purified treatment is entered atmospheric environment by exhaust piping by the outlet of pickling tower,The discharge outlet of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system connects Aeration tank by waste line simultaneously,At this by aerobic aeration process,The various phosphorus containg substances in waste water are made all to be converted into orthophosphate,The outlet of Aeration tank connects biological phosphate-eliminating pond by waste line,Its effect is the orthophosphate decomposition and inversion in waste water to be removed by biological activity course of reaction,The outlet in biological phosphate-eliminating pond is by waste line connecting secondary sedimentation tank,The outlet of secondary sedimentation tank connects water purifying tank by waste line,The outlet of water purifying tank will be arranged outside purification water outlet after treatment by waste line;Wherein, the cell body of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system uses stainless steel, it is fixedly arranged in the middle of a circle electronic net cage slide rail, 10 crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cages are installed on electronic net cage slide rail at equal intervals, cell body is arranged over the carrier net cage thermal treatment zone, upper and lower both sides, the thermal treatment zone are respectively arranged with electrical heating coil, crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cage is entered the thermal treatment zone by the entrance on the left of the thermal treatment zone, and the outlet through right side leaves the thermal treatment zone, thermal treatment zone upper right quarter is provided with condensing tube, cell body lower left quarter is provided with inlet valve, upper right quarter is provided with water discharging valve;nullAfter pH value regulation processes, pH value is about the sanitary wastewater of 6.5 ~ 8.0 and is entered inside cell body by the inlet valve of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system lower left quarter,Rotating clockwise at a slow speed made under the driving of electronic net cage slide rail by 10 crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cages,Waste water is made to contact with the carrier containing crospolyvinylpyrrolidone in carrier net cage,Crospolyvinylpyrrolidone can fully adsorb the ammoniacal nitrogen in waste water and portion of water,Adsorb the most saturated after crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cage prolong clockwise movement path and be raised to carrier net cage thermal treatment zone entrance,And enter inside the thermal treatment zone,Heating through electrical heating coil,Make crospolyvinylpyrrolidone generation thermal desorption,Ammoniacal nitrogen and the moisture of its absorption are discharged with the situation of ammonia-water vapor mixture body,Mixed gas is after the cooling of condensing tube,The water recovery that boiling point is higher is liquid water droplets,Heated district outlet return is in cell body,And the relatively low ammonia of boiling point will not be caught a cold and is condensed into liquid,And be to continue with keeping gas form in gas outlet enters into the pickling tower of next processing links,Crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cage after thermal desorption processes is regenerated,And prolong clockwise movement path and drop to inside cell body through exit, the carrier net cage thermal treatment zone,Again with waste water play adsorption,Waste water after native system purified treatment is discharged cell body by the water discharging valve of cell body upper right quarter.
Further, the cell body dischargeable capacity of its crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system is 350m3;Crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cage volume is 5.5m3, aperture is 12mm;The running voltage of electronic net cage slide rail is 380V, and rotating speed is 25min/ circle.
Further, crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier selects permutite as the support material of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone, and its crospolyvinylpyrrolidone mass content is 40.5%.
Further, the running voltage of the electrical heating coil of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system is 380V, and heating-up temperature can reach 225 DEG C;Condensing tube uses lithium bromide refrigerating agent, and refrigeration machine running voltage is 380V, and cryogenic temperature is up to 15 DEG C.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
(1) this method has broken away from existing sanitary wastewater ammonia nitrogen purified treatment principle, creative make use of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP) to the Selective adsorption of ammoniacal nitrogen in water, carbonyl in its molecular structure can form hydrogen bond complex with amino chemical combination, permutite containing crospolyvinylpyrrolidone is mixed with sanitary wastewater, it is made fully to adsorb ammonia nitrogen therein, so that the sanitary wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen is purified, its ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency is up to 98.8%
(2) material that this method uses is permutite and crospolyvinylpyrrolidone (crospolyvinylpyrrolidone), both avirulences, thus eliminates the risk introducing the pollutant new, harm is bigger;Meanwhile, both materials are simple and easy to get, and low price greatly reduces system operation cost.
(3) this method contains the tail gas of ammonia produced by it, and the mode that have employed pickling is purified except ammonia, and it is good that it purifies ammonia removal efficiency, and atmospheric environment will not cause extra pollution.
(4) this method principle is simple, and design and construction cost is relatively low, and treatment effect is preferable, and operation expense is the lowest, is conducive to popularization and application on a large scale.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the equipment schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1-sump, 2-coarse rack, 3-primary sedimentation basin, 4-pH value regulating reservoir, 5-crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system, 6-Aeration tank, 7-biological phosphate-eliminating pond, 8-secondary sedimentation tank, 9-water purifying tank, 10-pickling tower
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system.
51-rustless steel cell body, 52-crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cage, 53-electronic net cage slide rail, 54-electrical heating coil, 55-inlet valve, 56-water discharging valve, 57-carrier net cage thermal treatment zone entrance, the outlet of the 58-carrier net cage thermal treatment zone, 59-condensing tube.
Detailed description of the invention
nullThe processing method of ammonia nitrogen in removal sanitary wastewater as shown in Figure 1,Sanitary wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen enters sump 1 by waste line,Centralized collection and preliminarily stabilised regulation is carried out at this,The outlet of sump 1 connects coarse rack 2 by waste line,The major diameter solid matter in sanitary wastewater is removed at this,The outlet of coarse rack 2 connects primary sedimentation basin 3 by waste line,The insoluble matter in waste water is removed further at this,The outlet of primary sedimentation basin 3 connects pH value regulating reservoir 4 by waste line,Waste water is neutralized the accurate regulation processing and carrying out pH value at this,The pH value range of pH value regulating reservoir 4 water outlet is 6.5 ~ 8.0,Water pH value requirement is entered with meet crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system,The outlet of pH value regulating reservoir 4 connects crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system 5 by waste line,Flue gas row's mouth of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system 5 connects pickling tower 10 by exhaust piping,Pickling processes is carried out to remove the ammonia in removing exhaust gas at this,Tail gas through purified treatment is entered atmospheric environment by exhaust piping by the outlet of pickling tower 10,Simultaneously,The discharge outlet of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system 5 connects Aeration tank 6 by waste line,At this by aerobic aeration process,The various phosphorus containg substances in waste water are made all to be converted into orthophosphate,The outlet of Aeration tank 6 connects biological phosphate-eliminating pond 7 by waste line,Its effect is by biological activity course of reaction,Orthophosphate decomposition and inversion in waste water is removed,The outlet in biological phosphate-eliminating pond 7 is by waste line connecting secondary sedimentation tank 8,At this, residue insoluble matter in waste water is all removed,The outlet of secondary sedimentation tank 8 connects water purifying tank 9 by waste line,The outlet of water purifying tank 9 will be arranged outside the purification water outlet after native system processes by waste line;Wherein, the cell body of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system 5 uses stainless steel, it is fixedly arranged in the middle of a circle electronic net cage slide rail 53, 10 crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cages 52 are installed on electronic net cage slide rail 53 at equal intervals, cell body is arranged over the carrier net cage thermal treatment zone, upper and lower both sides, the thermal treatment zone are respectively arranged with electrical heating coil 54, crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cage 52 is entered the thermal treatment zone by the entrance 57 on the left of the thermal treatment zone, and the outlet 58 through right side leaves the thermal treatment zone, thermal treatment zone upper right quarter is provided with condensing tube 59, cell body lower left quarter is provided with inlet valve 55, upper right quarter is provided with water discharging valve 56;nullAfter pH value regulation processes, the sanitary wastewater of (after process, pH value is 6.5 ~ 8.0) is entered inside cell body by the inlet valve 55 of crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system 5 lower left quarter,Rotating clockwise at a slow speed made under the driving of electronic net cage slide rail 53 by 10 crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cages 52,Waste water is made to be fully contacted with the permutite containing crospolyvinylpyrrolidone in carrier net cage 52,Crospolyvinylpyrrolidone can fully adsorb the ammoniacal nitrogen in waste water and portion of water,Adsorb the most saturated after crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cage 52 prolong clockwise movement path and be raised to carrier net cage thermal treatment zone entrance 57,And enter inside the thermal treatment zone,Heating through electrical heating coil 54,Make crospolyvinylpyrrolidone generation thermal desorption,Ammoniacal nitrogen and the moisture of its absorption are discharged with the situation of ammonia-water vapor mixture body,Mixed gas is after the cooling of condensing tube 59,The water recovery that boiling point is higher is liquid water droplets,Heated district outlet 58 is back in cell body,And the relatively low ammonia of boiling point will not be caught a cold and is condensed into liquid,And be to continue with keeping gas form in gas outlet enters into the pickling tower 10 of next processing links,Crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cage 52 after thermal desorption processes is regenerated,And prolong clockwise movement path and export through the carrier net cage thermal treatment zone and drop to inside cell body at 58,Again with waste water play adsorption,Waste water after native system purified treatment is discharged cell body by the water discharging valve 56 of cell body upper right quarter,Enter next processing links;Wherein, the effect of pH value regulating reservoir 4 is to regulate the pH value of waste water through primary sedimentation to 6.5 ~ 8.0, enters water pH value requirement with meet crospolyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption cleaning system 5;Wherein, the effect of Aeration tank 6 is by aerobic aeration process, makes the phosphorus containg substances in waste water all be converted into orthophosphate;Wherein, the effect in biological phosphate-eliminating pond 7 is by biological activity course of reaction, by the orthophosphate decomposition and inversion in waste water, it is removed from waste water.
Sanitary wastewater after being processed by native system, its ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency is up to 98.8%.