CN108341548B - Treatment method for removing ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater - Google Patents
Treatment method for removing ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method for removing ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater, which comprises a water collecting well, a coarse grid, a primary sedimentation tank, a pH value adjusting tank, a crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adsorption purification system, an aeration tank, a biological phosphorus removal tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a water purifying tank, an acid washing tower and the like. The system creatively utilizes the selective adsorbability of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP) to ammoniacal nitrogen in water, and carbonyl groups in the molecular structure of the PVPP can be combined with amino groups to form hydrogen bond complexes. Mixing the artificial zeolite containing the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone with the domestic wastewater to enable the artificial zeolite to fully adsorb ammonia nitrogen in the domestic wastewater, releasing the adsorbed ammonia nitrogen from the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone in a heating desorption mode, discharging the ammonia nitrogen in an ammonia gas mode, and discharging tail gas after acid cleaning and purifying treatment. Meanwhile, the domestic wastewater after ammonia nitrogen is removed by the adsorption of a cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone-artificial zeolite supporter enters the next treatment link.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a treatment method for removing ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater, belonging to the field of wastewater treatment in environmental protection.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the living standard of people in cities and towns in China, the nitrogen content in the domestic wastewater in cities and towns is increased rapidly, and more nitrogen-containing wastewater is discharged randomly to cause great harm to the environment. The nitrogen is organic nitrogen and ammonia Nitrogen (NH) in the wastewater4 +-N), nitrate Nitrogen (NO)3 --N) and nitrous Nitrogen (NO)2 --N), and the like, with ammoniacal nitrogen being one of the most predominant forms of presence. Ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater refers to nitrogen in the form of free ammonia and ionic ammonium, and is mainly derived from food residues and laundry sewage. The ammonia nitrogen has a plurality of pollution sources, large discharge amount and large change of the discharged concentration.
From the aspect of environmental pollution, the excessive ammonia nitrogen in the water environment can cause the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water body to be reduced, the water body to be blackened and smelled, the water quality to be reduced, the existence of aquatic animals and plants to be influenced, and the water body eutrophication to be caused.
At present, the technology that the treatment practicality of ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater is better, the domestic application is the most is: biological denitrification, ammonia stripping, breakpoint chlorination, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, liquid membrane method, soil irrigation, etc.
(1) A biological denitrification method: under the aerobic condition, ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater is oxidized into nitrite or nitrate through the action of aerobic nitrifying bacteria, and then under the anoxic condition, the nitrite and the nitrate are reduced into nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria (denitrifying bacteria) and are escaped from the wastewater.
(2) Ammonia stripping by stripping: the stripping and steam stripping method is mainly used for removing dissolved gas and some volatile substances in the waste water. The gas is introduced into the water to make the gas and the water fully contact with each other, so that the dissolved gas and the volatile solute in the water pass through a gas-liquid interface and are transferred to a gas phase, thereby achieving the purpose of removing pollutants.
(3) Breakpoint chlorination: the breakpoint chlorination process is to pass chlorine gas into the wastewater to a point where the free chlorine content in the water is low and the ammonia concentration drops to zero. When the amount of chlorine gas introduced exceeds this point, the amount of free chlorine in the water increases, and therefore this point is referred to as a break point, and chlorination in this state is referred to as break point chlorination.
(4) Chemical precipitation method: the chemical precipitation method is to add Mg into the wastewater+And PO4 3-To form insoluble double salt MgNH with ammonia nitrogen4PO4*6H2Crystallizing O (MAP), and separating MAP from waste water by gravity precipitation.
(5) Ion exchange method: the essence of ion exchange is the exchange reaction of exchangeable ions on an insoluble ionic compound (ion exchanger) with other like ions in the wastewater, a specific adsorption process, usually reversible chemical adsorption.
(6) Liquid membrane method: the mechanism of removing ammonia nitrogen by the emulsion membrane method is that the ammonia nitrogen is easily dissolved in a membrane phase, and reaches the interface between the inner side and the inner side of the membrane phase and the membrane inner phase from the outer side with high concentration outside the membrane phase through the diffusion and the migration of the membrane phaseThe acid in the solution is subjected to a desorption reaction to generate NH4 +Insoluble in oil phase and stable in membrane internal phase, ammonia molecules are continuously adsorbed by the membrane surface under the promotion of the ammonia concentration difference between the inner side and the outer side of the membrane, and are migrated to the inner side of the membrane phase for desorption through permeation and diffusion, thereby achieving the purpose of separating and removing ammonia nitrogen.
(7) A soil irrigation method: the soil irrigation uses low-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater (< 50 mg/L) as fertilizer of crops, which not only provides stable water source for agriculture in the sewage irrigation area, but also avoids water eutrophication and improves the utilization rate of water resource. However, the waste water used for soil irrigation needs to be pretreated to remove harmful substances such as germs, heavy metals, phenols, cyanides, oils and the like.
Because the traditional treatment method has the defects of high cost, complex technology, unstable treatment effect and the like, the existing treatment technical thought needs to be got rid of, a new way for treating the ammonia nitrogen in the domestic wastewater is developed, and a brand-new type of ammonia nitrogen treatment technology in the domestic wastewater is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a treatment system for removing ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater, the domestic wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen enters a water collecting well through a wastewater pipeline, the outlet of the water collecting well is connected with a coarse grating through the wastewater pipeline, large-diameter solid matters in the domestic wastewater are removed, the outlet of the coarse grating is connected with a primary sedimentation tank through the wastewater pipeline, insoluble matters in the wastewater are further removed, the outlet of the primary sedimentation tank is connected with a pH value adjusting tank through the wastewater pipeline, the outlet of the pH value adjusting tank is connected with a crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption and purification system through the wastewater pipeline, a flue gas discharge port of the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption and purification system is connected with an acid washing tower through a waste gas pipeline, the acid washing treatment is carried out to remove the ammonia in the waste gas, the outlet of the acid washing tower discharges the purified tail gas into the atmospheric environment through the waste gas pipeline, meanwhile, a water outlet of the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adsorption purification system is connected with an aeration tank through a wastewater pipeline, various phosphorus-containing substances in wastewater are converted into orthophosphate through an aerobic aeration process, an outlet of the aeration tank is connected with a biological phosphorus removal tank through a wastewater pipeline, the function of the aeration tank is to decompose and convert the orthophosphate in the wastewater to remove the orthophosphate through a biological activity reaction process, an outlet of the biological phosphorus removal tank is connected with a secondary sedimentation tank through a wastewater pipeline, an outlet of the secondary sedimentation tank is connected with a water purification tank through a wastewater pipeline, and an outlet of the water purification tank discharges purified effluent after treatment through the wastewater pipeline; the cell body of the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adsorption purification system is made of stainless steel, a circle of electric net cage slide rails are fixed in the middle of the cell body, 10 cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter net cages are installed on the electric net cage slide rails at equal intervals, a supporter net cage heating area is arranged above the cell body, electric heating coils are installed on the upper side and the lower side of the heating area, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter net cages enter the heating area from an inlet on the left side of the heating area and leave the heating area from an outlet on the right side of the heating area, a condenser pipe is installed on the upper right part of the heating area, a water inlet valve is arranged on the lower left; the domestic wastewater with the pH value of 6.5-8.0 after the pH value adjustment enters the tank body through a water inlet valve at the left lower part of a cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption purification system, 10 cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cages rotate clockwise at a slow speed under the drive of electric net cage slide rails to enable the wastewater to be in contact with carriers containing cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone in the carrier net cages, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone can fully adsorb ammonia nitrogen and partial moisture in the wastewater, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cages which are adsorbed and nearly saturated are lifted to an inlet of a heating zone of the carrier net cages along a clockwise motion path and enter the heating zone, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone is heated by an electric heating coil to be subjected to pyrolysis and adsorption, the adsorbed ammonia nitrogen and moisture are discharged in the form of ammonia-water vapor mixed gas, and the mixed gas is cooled by a condensing tube, the water vapor with higher boiling point is condensed into liquid water drops and flows back into the tank body through the outlet of the heating area, while the ammonia with lower boiling point is not condensed into liquid state by cooling, but continuously keeps the gas form and enters the pickling tower of the next treatment link through the gas outlet, the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cage after thermal desorption treatment is regenerated and descends to the inside of the tank body through the outlet of the heating area of the carrier net cage along the clockwise motion path, and contacts with the wastewater again and plays the adsorption role, and the wastewater purified by the system is discharged out of the tank body through the drainage valve at the right upper part of the tank body.
Furthermore, the effective volume of the tank body of the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adsorption purification system is 350m3(ii) a The volume of the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter net cage is 5.5m3The aperture is 12 mm; the working voltage of the electric net cage slide rail is 380V, and the rotating speed is 25 min/circle.
Furthermore, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adopts artificial zeolite as a supporter substance of the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the mass content of the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone is 40.5%.
Further, the working voltage of an electric heating coil of the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adsorption purification system is 380V, and the heating temperature can reach 225 ℃; the condensation pipe adopts lithium bromide refrigerant, the working voltage of the refrigerator is 380V, and the refrigerating temperature can reach 15 ℃.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the method gets rid of the existing ammonia nitrogen purification treatment principle of domestic wastewater, creatively utilizes the selective adsorbability of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPP) to ammonia nitrogen in water, carbonyl in the molecular structure of the PVPP can be combined with amino to form a hydrogen bond complex, and artificial zeolite containing the PVPP is mixed with the domestic wastewater to fully adsorb the ammonia nitrogen in the domestic wastewater, so that the domestic wastewater containing the ammonia nitrogen is purified, and the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency can reach 98.8%.
(2) The materials used in the method are artificial zeolite and crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone), and both of the materials are nontoxic, so that the risk of introducing new and more harmful pollutants is eliminated; meanwhile, the two materials are simple and easy to obtain, the price is low, and the system operation cost is greatly reduced.
(3) The method adopts the acid washing mode to purify and remove ammonia aiming at the generated tail gas containing ammonia, has good ammonia purifying and removing efficiency, and cannot cause additional pollution to the atmospheric environment.
(4) The method has the advantages of simple and easy principle, lower design and construction cost, better treatment effect and low operation and maintenance cost, and is favorable for large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a water collecting well, 2-a coarse grid, 3-a primary sedimentation tank, 4-a pH value adjusting tank, a 5-crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adsorption and purification system, 6-an aeration tank, 7-a biological phosphorus removal tank, 8-a secondary sedimentation tank, 9-a water purifying tank and 10-an acid washing tower.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone support adsorption purification system.
51-stainless steel tank body, 52-cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter net cage, 53-electric net cage slide rail, 54-electric heating coil, 55-water inlet valve, 56-drain valve, 57-supporter net cage heating zone inlet, 58-supporter net cage heating zone outlet and 59-condenser pipe.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the treatment method for removing ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater, the domestic wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen enters a water collecting well 1 through a wastewater pipeline, centralized collection and preliminary stable adjustment are carried out, an outlet of the water collecting well 1 is connected with a coarse grating 2 through a wastewater pipeline, large-diameter solid matters in the domestic wastewater are removed, an outlet of the coarse grating 2 is connected with a primary sedimentation tank 3 through a wastewater pipeline, insoluble matters in the wastewater are further removed, an outlet of the primary sedimentation tank 3 is connected with a pH value adjusting tank 4 through a wastewater pipeline, the wastewater is neutralized and the pH value is accurately adjusted, the pH value of the effluent of the pH value adjusting tank 4 is 6.5-8.0 so as to meet the requirement of the pH value of the influent of a crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption purification system, an outlet of the pH value adjusting tank 4 is connected with a crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption purification system 5 through a wastewater pipeline, the smoke outlet of the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption purification system 5 is connected with an acid cleaning tower 10 through a waste gas pipeline, the acid cleaning treatment is carried out to remove ammonia in waste gas, the purified tail gas is discharged into the atmospheric environment through the waste gas pipeline at the outlet of the acid cleaning tower 10, meanwhile, the water outlet of the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption purification system 5 is connected with an aeration tank 6 through a waste water pipeline, various phosphorus-containing substances in the waste water are converted into orthophosphate through an aerobic aeration process, the outlet of the aeration tank 6 is connected with a biological phosphorus removal tank 7 through a waste water pipeline, the function is to decompose and convert the orthophosphate in the waste water and remove the orthophosphate through a biological activity reaction process, the outlet of the biological phosphorus removal tank 7 is connected with a secondary sedimentation tank 8 through a waste water pipeline, the residual insoluble substances in the waste water are completely removed, the outlet of the secondary sedimentation tank 8 is connected with a water purification tank 9 through a waste water pipeline, the outlet of the water purifying tank 9 discharges the purified effluent treated by the system through a wastewater pipeline; wherein, the cell body of the absorption purification system 5 of cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adopts stainless steel material, its middle part is fixed with a circle of electric net cage slide rails 53, the electric net cage slide rails 53 are installed with 10 cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter net cages 52 at equal intervals, the upper part of the cell body is equipped with a supporter net cage heating zone, the upper and lower sides of the heating zone are equipped with electric heating coils 54, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter net cage 52 enters the heating zone from the inlet 57 at the left side of the heating zone and leaves the heating zone through the outlet 58 at the right side, the upper right part of the heating zone is equipped with a condenser tube 59, the lower left part of the cell body is equipped with a water inlet; the domestic wastewater after pH value adjustment treatment (the pH value after treatment is 6.5-8.0) enters the inside of the tank body through a water inlet valve 55 at the left lower part of a cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption purification system 5, 10 cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cages 52 rotate clockwise at a slow speed under the drive of electric net cage slide rails 53, so that the wastewater is fully contacted with the artificial zeolite containing cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone in the carrier net cages 52, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone can fully adsorb ammonia nitrogen and partial moisture in the wastewater, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cages 52 which are nearly saturated are adsorbed are lifted to a carrier net cage heating zone inlet 57 along a clockwise motion path and enter the inside of the heating zone, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone is thermally desorbed by heating of an electric heating coil 54, and the adsorbed ammonia and moisture are discharged in the form of ammonia-water vapor mixed gas, after the mixed gas is cooled by the condenser pipe 59, the water vapor with higher boiling point is condensed into liquid water drops, the liquid water drops flow back to the tank body through the outlet 58 of the heating zone, the ammonia gas with lower boiling point is not condensed into liquid by cooling, but the gas form is continuously kept to enter the pickling tower 10 of the next treatment link through the gas outlet, the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter net cage 52 after the thermal desorption treatment is regenerated and descends to the inside of the tank body through the outlet 58 of the heating zone of the supporter net cage along the clockwise motion path, and contacts and exerts the adsorption effect with the wastewater again, and the wastewater purified by the system is discharged out of the tank body through the drainage valve 56 at the right upper part of the tank body and enters the next treatment link; the pH value adjusting tank 4 is used for adjusting the pH value of the wastewater subjected to primary precipitation to 6.5-8.0 so as to meet the requirement of the pH value of inlet water of the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adsorption and purification system 5; wherein, the aeration tank 6 is used for converting phosphorus-containing substances in the wastewater into orthophosphate through an aerobic aeration process; wherein, the biological phosphorus removal tank 7 is used for decomposing and converting orthophosphate in the wastewater through a biological activity reaction process and removing the orthophosphate from the wastewater.
The ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency of the domestic wastewater treated by the system can reach 98.8%.
Claims (1)
1. A treatment method for removing ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater is characterized in that the domestic wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen enters a water collecting well through a wastewater pipeline, the outlet of the water collecting well is connected with a coarse grating through a wastewater pipeline, large-diameter solid matters in the domestic wastewater are removed, the outlet of the coarse grating is connected with a primary sedimentation tank through a wastewater pipeline, insoluble matters in the wastewater are further removed, the outlet of the primary sedimentation tank is connected with a pH value adjusting tank through a wastewater pipeline, the outlet of the pH value adjusting tank is connected with a crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption and purification system through a wastewater pipeline, a flue gas outlet of the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption and purification system is connected with an acid washing tower through a waste gas pipeline, the acid washing treatment is carried out to remove the ammonia in the waste gas, the outlet of the acid washing tower discharges purified tail gas into the atmosphere through a waste gas pipeline, and a water outlet of the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption and purification system is connected with an aeration tank through a wastewater pipeline, the aerobic aeration process is adopted, so that various phosphorus-containing substances in the wastewater are converted into orthophosphate, the outlet of the aeration tank is connected with the biological phosphorus removal tank through a wastewater pipeline, the biological phosphorus removal tank has the function of decomposing, converting and removing the orthophosphate in the wastewater through a biological activity reaction process, the outlet of the biological phosphorus removal tank is connected with the secondary sedimentation tank through the wastewater pipeline, the outlet of the secondary sedimentation tank is connected with the water purification tank through the wastewater pipeline, and the outlet of the water purification tank discharges the purified effluent after treatment through the wastewater pipeline; the cell body of the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adsorption purification system is made of stainless steel, a circle of electric net cage slide rails are fixed in the middle of the cell body, 10 cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter net cages are installed on the electric net cage slide rails at equal intervals, a supporter net cage heating area is arranged above the cell body, electric heating coils are installed on the upper side and the lower side of the heating area, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter net cages enter the heating area from an inlet on the left side of the heating area and leave the heating area from an outlet on the right side of the heating area, a condenser pipe is installed on the upper right part of the heating area, a water inlet valve is arranged on the lower left; the domestic wastewater with the pH value of 6.5-8.0 after the pH value adjustment treatment enters the tank body through a water inlet valve at the left lower part of a cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier adsorption purification system, 10 cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net boxes rotate clockwise at a slow speed under the drive of electric net box slide rails to enable the wastewater to be in contact with carriers containing cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone in the carrier net boxes, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone can fully adsorb ammonia nitrogen and partial moisture in the wastewater, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net boxes adsorbing nearly saturated are lifted to an inlet of a heating zone of the carrier net boxes along a clockwise motion path and enter the heating zone, the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone is heated by an electric heating coil to be adsorbed, the adsorbed ammonia nitrogen and moisture are discharged in the form of ammonia-water vapor mixed gas, and the mixed gas is cooled by a condensing tube, the water vapor with higher boiling point is condensed into liquid water drops and flows back into the tank body through the outlet of the heating area, while the ammonia with lower boiling point is not condensed into liquid state by cooling, but continuously keeps the gas form and enters the pickling tower of the next treatment link through the gas outlet, the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone carrier net cage after thermal desorption treatment is regenerated and descends to the inside of the tank body through the outlet of the heating area of the carrier net cage along the clockwise motion path, and contacts with the wastewater again and plays the adsorption role, and the wastewater purified by the system is discharged out of the tank body through the drainage valve at the right upper part of the tank body;
the effective volume of the tank body of the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adsorption purification system is 350m3The volume of the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter net cage is 5.5m3The aperture is 12mm, the working voltage of the electric net cage slide rail is 380V, and the rotating speed is 25 min/circle;
the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone supporter adopts artificial zeolite as a supporter substance of cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the mass content of the cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone is 40.5%.
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| CN201810133130.0A CN108341548B (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | Treatment method for removing ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater |
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| CN201810133130.0A CN108341548B (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | Treatment method for removing ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater |
| CN201610208087.0A CN105819622B (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | The processing method of ammonia nitrogen in a kind of removal sanitary wastewater |
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| CN201610208087.0A Division CN105819622B (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | The processing method of ammonia nitrogen in a kind of removal sanitary wastewater |
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| CN201610208087.0A Expired - Fee Related CN105819622B (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | The processing method of ammonia nitrogen in a kind of removal sanitary wastewater |
| CN201810133130.0A Active CN108341548B (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2016-04-06 | Treatment method for removing ammonia nitrogen in domestic wastewater |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN108328860A (en) | 2018-07-27 |
| CN105819622A (en) | 2016-08-03 |
| CN105819622B (en) | 2018-05-18 |
| CN108328860B (en) | 2020-09-18 |
| CN108218134A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
| CN108341548A (en) | 2018-07-31 |
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