CN105815347A - 一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂 - Google Patents

一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂 Download PDF

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CN105815347A
CN105815347A CN201610226221.XA CN201610226221A CN105815347A CN 105815347 A CN105815347 A CN 105815347A CN 201610226221 A CN201610226221 A CN 201610226221A CN 105815347 A CN105815347 A CN 105815347A
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parts
herba
portions
chickling
disinfectant
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史自鹏
史自顺
史胜风
顾世青
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Wuhe Shunpeng Agricultural And Sideline Products Co Ltd
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Wuhe Shunpeng Agricultural And Sideline Products Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂，由如下重量份的物质制成：15~20份桉树叶、8~13份艾叶、6~10份佩兰、5~7份满山香、5~8份白花蛇舌草、4~6份款冬花、3~7份香根草、4~7份香叶天竹葵、5~10份石香薷、2~6份山楂、3~5份飞扬草、5~8份紫锥菊、2~4份七里香、4~8份麦冬、1~3份纳米甲壳质。本发明消毒剂具有灭菌消毒效果好、见效快、无副作用，又可提高雏鸡机体体质的效果。

Description

一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种禽类养殖消毒剂，具体涉及一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂。
背景技术
在鸡的饲养过程中，需要经常对鸡舍进行消毒，目前在40余种主要传染病中占首位的疾病传播媒介是空气，空气中有大量的细菌、真菌和放线菌等微生物，附着在灰尘粒子上，以微生物气溶胶的形式存在，严重危害着鸡的正常生长发育，因此对鸡舍的空气进行消毒，是预防传染性疾病、防止病原微生物感染的重要措施，也是鸡舍环境卫生一项重要内容。目前畜禽舍内常用的空气消毒方法虽有多种，但各有缺点，如紫外线照射法产生的臭氧，不但气味难闻，而且空气中臭氧超过一定含量时还会使人畜感到呼吸困难、皮炎、结膜炎甚至发生肺水肿、窒息等严重毒副反应；化学消毒剂则对人畜皮肤、粘膜会产生一定的刺激。寻求一种经济方便，有较好的消毒效果，而且不会给畜禽带来影响及不适的空气消毒方法成为亟待解决的生产实际问题，尤其是对于抵抗力较差、对环境舒适程度要求较高的雏鸡来说，此举显得尤为重要，而应用中药制剂的空气消毒方法具有使用简便、材料低廉、无毒副作用等特点，正日益受到广大养殖工作者的重视，但多数中药制剂仍存在着制备成本高、灭菌效果差的问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂，具有灭菌消毒效果好、无副作用，可提高雏鸡机体体质的效果。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂，由如下重量份的物质制成：
15~20份桉树叶、8~13份艾叶、6~10份佩兰、5~7份满山香、5~8份白花蛇舌草、4~6份款冬花、3~7份香根草、4~7份香叶天竹葵、5~10份石香薷、2~6份山楂、3~5份飞扬草、5~8份紫锥菊、2~4份七里香、4~8份麦冬、1~3份纳米甲壳质。
进一步的，所述纳米甲壳质的粒径为5~10nm。
一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将15~20份桉树叶、8~13份艾叶、6~10份佩兰、5~7份满山香、5~8份白花蛇舌草、4~6份款冬花、3~7份香根草、4~7份香叶天竹葵、5~10份石香薷、2~6份山楂、3~5份飞扬草、5~8份紫锥菊、2~4份七里香、4~8份麦冬放入其总质量3~4倍的蒸馏水中，沸煮1.2~1.4h后过滤得第一滤液和滤渣备用；
（2）将步骤（1）所得的滤渣放入其总质量5~6倍的无水乙醇中，在提取时施加超声波处理，提取3~4h后过滤得第二滤液备用；
（3）将上述步骤所得的第一滤液和第二滤液混合后，再向其中加入1~3份纳米甲壳质，搅拌均匀后即可。
进一步的，步骤（2）所述超声波的频率为26~32KHz。
本发明成分中：桉树叶：具有抗菌消炎，治疗上呼吸道感染的作用。艾叶：对金黄色葡萄球菌、α-溶血性链球菌、结核杆菌、绿脓杆菌、白喉杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌，和大肠杆菌等10多种常见细菌有杀菌或抑菌作用，还有抗真菌、抗病毒、抗支原体作用。白花蛇舌草：具有清热解毒、利尿消肿、活血止痛等功效。紫锥菊：对金黄色葡萄球菌、B族链球菌、克雷伯杆菌和表皮葡萄球菌等均有较好的抑制作用，具有抗菌消炎、增强机体免疫力的功能。石香薷：对金黄色葡萄球菌、脑脂类双球菌和伤寒杆菌等有较强的抑制作用。甲壳质：是自然界中唯一自带正电荷的天然高分子材料，是一种天然碱性多糖，加工成纳米级别时，具有一定的灭菌效果。其余成分的中草药均含有挥发油、黄酮类等物质，对常见的细菌均有一定的抑制作用。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
（1）本发明消毒剂是将从天然中草药中提炼出的有效成分配制成液体药剂，所含成分对常见的传染性细菌、真菌、病毒等有很好的抑制、杀灭作用，消毒效果好，添加的纳米甲壳质本身具有一定的杀菌效果，混入药剂中与有效成分吸附，进一步增强了药效的发挥。
（2）本消毒剂具有淡淡的芳香，改善了鸡舍的空气环境，且对人畜的皮肤、黏膜、眼睛、呼吸道等无刺激性，对人畜无毒、无害，利于雏鸡的生长发育，此外，雏鸡吸入本消毒剂后，常患的白痢病、慢性呼吸道疾病、流行性感冒等疾病的发病率均有所下降，机体体质得到改善，成活率大大提高。
（3）添加的香根草、香叶天竹葵和七里香成分，对蚊蝇等害虫有强烈的刺激作用，有很好的驱逐效果，长期施用本消毒剂的鸡舍内，蚊蝇等害虫的数量以及活动量大大降低，进一步保证了雏鸡的健康发育。
（4）本发明先对中草药类进行水提，对有效成分进行粗略提取，并将组织结构进行破坏，然后再用乙醇提取，并在乙醇提取时辅以超声波协助，可大大提高原料的利用率，又可分离出常规提取无法得到的有效成分，增强了消毒剂的使用效果，间接降低了制造成本。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂，由如下重量份的物质制成：
18份桉树叶、10份艾叶、6份佩兰、5份满山香、6份白花蛇舌草、5份款冬花、4份香根草、5份香叶天竹葵、8份石香薷、3份山楂、3份飞扬草、5份紫锥菊、2份七里香、6份麦冬、2份纳米甲壳质。
进一步的，所述纳米甲壳质的粒径为5~10nm。
一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将18份桉树叶、10份艾叶、6份佩兰、5份满山香、6份白花蛇舌草、5份款冬花、4份香根草、5份香叶天竹葵、8份石香薷、3份山楂、3份飞扬草、5份紫锥菊、2份七里香、6份麦冬放入其总质量3倍的蒸馏水中，沸煮1.2~1.4h后过滤得第一滤液和滤渣备用；
（2）将步骤（1）所得的滤渣放入其总质量5倍的无水乙醇中，在提取时施加超声波处理，提取3~4h后过滤得第二滤液备用；
（3）将上述步骤所得的第一滤液和第二滤液混合后，再向其中加入2份纳米甲壳质，搅拌均匀后即可。
进一步的，步骤（2）所述超声波的频率为26~32KHz。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例1相比，除了不含纳米甲壳质外，其余成分与制备方法均相同。
对比例2
浓度为4%的甲醛消毒液。
选取三间临近的雏鸡鸡舍，房间面积为20平米，高2.6米，分别用实施例1、对比例1和对比例2所述的消毒液进行喷洒消毒，在喷洒前20min、喷洒后的30min、60min、90min、120min分别对相应的鸡舍进行空气取样，并对取样空气中的细菌进行培养，计算菌落数以对比消毒效果，下表为相应的数据：
实施例1 对比例1 对比例2
喷洒前20min取样 700.50±95.42 690.50±105.01 710.50±86.37
喷洒后30min取样 412.70±64.51 498.70±72.31 530.91±73.60
喷洒后60min取样 300.87±34.24 372.94±56.71 367.53±54.62
喷洒后90min取样 210.65±22.37 283.55±31.40 250.73±23.49
喷洒后120min取样 154.50±15.32 213.70±19.44 192.60±17.32
从表中可以看出，本发明消毒剂与传统的甲醛消毒液相比，具有前期消毒见效快、最终消毒效果好的特点，当除去了纳米甲壳质的成分后，其药效无法发挥更大的效力，杀毒效果也有所下降。

Claims (4)

1.一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂，其特征在于，由如下重量份的物质制成：
15~20份桉树叶、8~13份艾叶、6~10份佩兰、5~7份满山香、5~8份白花蛇舌草、4~6份款冬花、3~7份香根草、4~7份香叶天竹葵、5~10份石香薷、2~6份山楂、3~5份飞扬草、5~8份紫锥菊、2~4份七里香、4~8份麦冬、1~3份纳米甲壳质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂，其特征在于，所述纳米甲壳质的粒径为5~10nm。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）将15~20份桉树叶、8~13份艾叶、6~10份佩兰、5~7份满山香、5~8份白花蛇舌草、4~6份款冬花、3~7份香根草、4~7份香叶天竹葵、5~10份石香薷、2~6份山楂、3~5份飞扬草、5~8份紫锥菊、2~4份七里香、4~8份麦冬放入其总质量3~4倍的蒸馏水中，沸煮1.2~1.4h后过滤得第一滤液和滤渣备用；
（2）将步骤（1）所得的滤渣放入其总质量5~6倍的无水乙醇中，在提取时施加超声波处理，提取3~4h后过滤得第二滤液备用；
（3）将上述步骤所得的第一滤液和第二滤液混合后，再向其中加入1~3份纳米甲壳质，搅拌均匀后即可。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种雏鸡鸡舍空气消毒剂的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（2）所述超声波的频率为26~32KHz。
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