CN105814375B - For freezing the cold head of refrigeration machine - Google Patents
For freezing the cold head of refrigeration machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105814375B CN105814375B CN201480061773.9A CN201480061773A CN105814375B CN 105814375 B CN105814375 B CN 105814375B CN 201480061773 A CN201480061773 A CN 201480061773A CN 105814375 B CN105814375 B CN 105814375B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cold head
- refrigeration machine
- head according
- freeze refrigeration
- work chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/006—Gas cycle refrigeration machines using a distributing valve of the rotary type
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of cold head for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, including displacer (72,76), it is installed in the work chamber of housing (34,36) (38,40,46).The high pressure connection (64) that cold head also has the refrigerant for being used to supply high compression connects (60) with the low pressure of the refrigerant for discharging expansion.The control valve gear (58) of supply and discharge for controlling refrigerant is also provided.According to the present invention, the bypass channel (80) that connection high pressure is connected to low pressure connection also be present.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine.
Background technology
WO 94/29653 describes a kind of cold head for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, and it is together with the helium as working gas
Operate and be connected to high-voltage power supply and low pressure source.The cold head includes Multi-way control valve, and it controls high-pressure inlet and low pressure inlet
The corresponding connection of the work chamber of cold finger to piston cylinder unit and on warm side.At one of its multiple end, can include back
The displacer of hot device defines Nuan Ce work chamber, and in opposite end, it defines cold side work chamber.Although regenerator passes through work
Plug cylinder unit periodically moves back and forth, and heat constantly obtains from the housing of cold head.Using the cold head with single stage displacement device,
The temperature for being down to about 30K can be produced.Using two level or three-level displacer, the temperature less than 1K can be produced.Use processing gas
Body (usual helium) to perform thermodynamic cycle processing (Stirling handles or Ji Fude-McMahon processing) in cold head, at this
Process gases guides in the closed circuit.As a result, heat obtains from an end regions of the housing for surrounding displacer.
Cold head is connected to compressor.Because loop is closed-loop path, the high pressure connection of cold head connects with low pressure to be all connected to
Compressor.Such compressor generally includes overflow valve.The overflow valve, which is disposed in, to be arranged between high-pressure side and low-pressure side
In return-flow catheter.Generally, overflow valve is the check-valves of spring load, its generally directed to such as 18 bars of compressor high pressure and
Pressure difference between low pressure and design.When the very high cold head of resistance is connected to compressor, the work on the high-pressure side at compressor
Make excessive pressure increase.In order to discharge the excessive power, overflow valve is opened, so as to which refrigerant (being specially helium) is led via backflow
Pipe flows to the low-pressure side of compressor.Due to the circular treatment of cold head, the pulsed gas supply from compressor to cold head is realized.This
In, gas concussion may occur.The longer period particularly is being spent, this may cause the frequent opening and closing of overflow valve.
Thus, overflow valve will be subjected to significantly overloading.This may cause the destruction to the valve seat of overflow valve or ruining even for valve seat
Damage.Further, this causes to produce the loss in obvious noise and performance.When overflow valve is destroyed, it may occur however that oil enters
Refrigerating circuit.Further drawback is existing hysteresis of the performance loss due to overflow valve between Opening pressure and closing presure
And occur.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the load on overflow valve.
According to the present invention, the purpose solves using the cold head being defined in claim 1.
Cold head for the freezing refrigeration machine of the present invention has the working chamber in housing (may be manifold housing)
Room.Single-stage or multi-level permutation device are disposed in work chamber.Cold head further comprises being used to supply height pressure to work chamber
The high pressure connection of the refrigerant of contracting connects with for discharging expansion or low pressure refrigerant low pressure.Further, there is provided control valve
Device.Control valve gear serves the supply and discharge that control commutes the refrigerant of work chamber.Here, control device can be with
Including multiple valves, such as induction valve and dump valve.Preferably control valve gear has Multi-way control valve, and it controls high pressure to connect
Connect, the connection between low pressure connection and work chamber.According to the present invention, cold head connects it with high pressure connection is arranged in low pressure
Between and connect the two connection bypass channels.If desired, excessive refrigerant directly can connect through institute from high pressure
State passage and flow to low pressure connection without flowing through cold head.Therefore the excess energy of such appearance can discharge via bypass.Knot
Fruit, integrated overflow valve within the compressor are alleviated.Possibly, overflow valve can omit completely from compressor, or it can be with
Only provided as safety device.As a result, the overflow valve of obvious low cost can at least be used.
In the particularly preferred exploitation of the present invention, through-flow adjusting apparatus is arranged in bypass channel.It may, for example, be spray
Mouth and/or valve.Through-flow adjusting means can be adjustable.In this context, fixed setting can be made before the procedure,
So as to which valve is opened when for example more than pressure difference.Further, it is possible to allow from outside (such as outside cold head) to through-flow adjusting apparatus
It is adjusted.So, can allow also make corresponding regulation during operation.
Because the present invention provides bypass in the preferably cold head including pressure regulation device, for the compressor used,
Cost can be substantially reduced.Further, it is possible to strengthen the safe operation of compressor and compressor performance can be increased.By compressing
The risk that oil caused by the overflow valve of destruction in machine penetrates also is reduced.Further, service life is extended and can be with
Realize constant noise characteristic.
In the preferred development of the present invention, cold head has the mobile device for being used for moving displacer.Mobile device can be
Motor.By may, for example, be the motor of motor, displacer can be moved using groove profile guider.This can be for example by inclined
Heart wheel is realized, so as to which motor in rotary moving can be converted into vertically moving for displacer in a straightforward manner.Alternatively,
Piston/cylinder unit can be provided for moving displacer.Piston-cylinder unit can be for example via single hydraulic system
To drive.However, for mobile purpose, piston-cylinder unit is preferably connected to high pressure connection and connected with low pressure.
In preferred embodiment, the braking of piston-cylinder unit and therefore displacer are moved through refrigerant to realize.
Further preferably cold head has the dispensing body (" distributor for wherein providing at least the first interface channel
body”).First interface channel serves connection high pressure and is connected to working cavity.Preferably, the connection is via control valve gear
Make, so as to which the first interface channel is arranged between control valve gear and working cavity.Preferably, dispensing body additionally has the
Two interface channels, it is arranged between control valve gear and low pressure connection.
In particularly preferred embodiments, valve design is into causing it also to include control passage.Control passage is served
To mobile device (that is, particularly piston-cylinder unit) supply and emission control medium.Medium is controlled preferably to freeze
Agent.
The present invention will explain in detail below with reference to preferred embodiment and refer to the attached drawing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the freezing refrigeration machine of prior art,
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the freezing refrigeration machine of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the schematic section according to the embodiment of the cold head of the present invention.
Embodiment
The freezing refrigeration machine (Fig. 1) of prior art includes compressor 10, and it compresses the refrigerant of such as helium.In high pressure
Side, compressor 10 are connected to the high pressure connection 14 of cold head 16 via conduit 12.The low pressure connection 18 of cold head 16 connects via conduit 20
It is connected to the low-pressure side of compressor 10.In order to avoid the overload on compressor 10, check-valves 24 is arranged in return-flow catheter 22, this time
The high-pressure side of compressor 10 is connected to the low-pressure side of compressor 10 by conductance pipe 22.
Work chamber 26 is provided in cold head 16, wherein being disposed with unshowned displacer piston in Fig. 1.Induction valve 28
High pressure connection 14 is connected to, so as to which when induction valve 28 is opened, the refrigerant of compression is flowed into work chamber 26.The refrigeration of expansion
Agent can be directed to low pressure connection 18 via dump valve 30.
In the basic configuration of system of the invention shown in figure 2, similar and identical component is referred to by identical
Number-mark.
According to the present invention schematically shown, bypass channel 32 provides the discharge in the induction valve 28 and cold head 16 of cold head 16
Between valve 30, through-flow adjusting apparatus can be disposed with the bypass channel 32.As illustrated by the dotted line in fig. 2, there is provided this
The bypass channel 32 of invention allows to omit return-flow catheter 22 and overflow valve 24.
The preferred embodiment of cold head 16 is shown in Fig. 3 schematic sectional view.
Cold head 16 has the housing formed by two housing parts 34 and 36.In housing parts 34, two cylinders are cold
Side work chamber 38 and 40 is provided for two displacer levels 42 and 44.
Upper replacement device level 42 defines Nuan Ce work chamber 46 and is provided with the cylinder 50 for being arranged in dispensing body 52
Drive piston 48.Therefore, displacer 42 and 44 is arranged in the work chamber 38,40,46 formed by multiple Topical chambers.
Dispensing body 52 defines warm side working space 46, its be provided with to be formed control passage 54, the first interface channel 56 and
The drilling of second interface channel 57.First interface channel 56, which leads to work chamber 46 and served to the chamber, supplies work gas
Body.These three all passages are controlled by control valve 58.Control valve 58 is connected to warm side working chamber by the first interface channel 56
Room 46, control valve 58 is connected to cylinder 50 by control passage 54, and control valve 58 is connected to low pressure by the second interface channel 57
Connection 60.Control valve 58 is connected further to the chamber 62 that 64 connections are connected with high pressure.The supply pressure of high pressure connection 64 is about 20
Bar helium, and the helium that pressure is about 5 bars low pressure connection 18 at it is universal.Two kinds of pressure connect via chamber 62 and second respectively
Connect the corresponding connection (not shown) that road 57 is supplied to control valve 58.All conduits be incorporated into the upside of dispensing body 52 and from
That reaches valve 58.
Housing parts 36 accommodate the motor 66 via the drive control valve 58 of axle 68.The valve is acted as by compression spring 70
With.
In the illustrated embodiment, the processing gas of thermodynamic cycle process is subjected to being used for piston cylinder unit 48,50
It is identical to drive gas.Suitably use helium.The gas different from processing gas can be used as driving gas.
Instead of providing the piston cylinder unit 48,50 for moving displacer 72,76 in the illustrated embodiment, displacement
Device 72,76 can also be moved by motor, such as use motor.Therefore, motor can be provided with eccentric wheel and groove profile is oriented to
Device, linear movement is converted into so as to the rotation of eccentric wheel.
In cylinder work chamber 46, displacer level 42 has tubulose displacer 72, and it is filled with has for gas
Infiltrative hot regenerator 74.Regenerator 74 serves storage cold air, and the cold air of storage is sent to the warm gas of inflow.
Similarly, the displacer level 44 having than the smaller diameter of displacer level 42 includes can be in cylinder work chamber 40
Axial direction in the tubulose displacer 76 that offsets, the displacer is connected to displacer 72 and is also filled with returning for permeable gas
Hot device 78.
In the operation of cold finger, the work chamber 46 on warm side connects via the first interface channel 56 and control valve 58 first
It is connected to high pressure connection 64.Meanwhile high pressure is incorporated into cylinder 50 by control passage 54.Displacer 72 and 76 to cold side offset (to
Under).Gas under high pressure also flows to cold side by regenerator 74 and 78.In doing so, it expands while cooling, and enters
One step expands through the heat exchange with regenerator to realize.
In second stage, control passage 54 is connected to low pressure connection.Under the effect of high pressure, displacer 72 and 76 is to warm
Side is offset, and is flowed into so as to which the work chamber 46 on warm side becomes smaller and gas by regenerator 74 and 78 in cold side
Work chamber 40.
In the phase III, control valve 58 causes work chamber 40 to be connected to low pressure connection 60 via conduit 56.Thus, exist
While cooling, the gas expansion in all working chamber of cold head.
Hereafter displacer 72 and 76 is moved to cold side, thus the volume contraction of cold side work chamber 40, so as to prepare to use
In subsequent cycle.In this stage, cold air flows into regenerator 74 and 78 from work chamber 40, and is further cooled down by it.
The frequency of the working cycles is about 2Hz.
Further, in shown embodiment, it is provided at according to the bypass channel 80 of the present invention in dispensing body 52.
Second control passage 57 is connected to chamber 62 by bypass channel 80.Therefore high pressure connection 64 is connected to low pressure and connected by bypass channel 80
Connect 60.As illustrated shown in property, such as the through-flow adjusting apparatus of valve 82 is disposed in bypass channel 80.In the event of the not phase
The high pressure of prestige increases in chamber 62, then therefore a part for refrigerant is directly flowed back into being connected to low pressure by bypass channel 80
The passage 57 of connection 60.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of cold head for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, including：
Displacer, it is disposed in the work chamber of housing；
High pressure connects, and it is used for the refrigerant to work chamber supply high compression；
Low pressure connects, and it is used for the refrigerant from work chamber discharge expansion；And
Valve gear is controlled, it is used for the supply and discharge that control the refrigerant for commuting the work chamber,
Characterized in that,
Induction valve, it is connected to the high pressure connection；
Dump valve, it is connected to the low pressure connection；
Bypass channel, it is connected to the low pressure between the induction valve and the dump valve, by the high pressure and connected
Connect.
2. the cold head according to claim 1 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that arranged in the bypass channel
Through-flow adjusting apparatus.
3. the cold head according to claim 2 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that the through-flow adjusting means is specific
It is adjustable during operation.
4. the cold head according to claim 1 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that for moving the displacer
Mobile device.
5. the cold head according to claim 4 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that the mobile device is configured as
Piston cylinder unit, and in order to brake, the piston cylinder unit is connected to the high pressure connection and connected with the low pressure.
6. the cold head according to claim 4 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that the mobile device has motor,
Specially motor.
7. the cold head according to claim 6 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, wherein the motor drives eccentric wheel, the bias
Wheel acts on groove profile guider to cause the linear movement of the displacer.
8. the cold head according to claim 1 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that the control valve gear, which has, to follow
The Multi-way control valve operated, it controls the connection that work chamber connects to high pressure connection with to low pressure ring.
9. the cold head according to claim 8 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that the control valve controls the work
Fill in the connection of cylinder unit.
10. the cold head according to claim 1 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that dispensing body, wherein at least first
Interface channel is provided for the high pressure being connected to the work chamber.
11. the cold head according to claim 10 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that the first interface channel cloth
Put between the control valve and the work chamber.
12. the cold head according to claim 8 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that the dispensing body has the control
The second interface channel between valve processed and low pressure connection.
13. the cold head according to claim 10 for being used to freeze refrigeration machine, it is characterised in that the dispensing body, which has, to be used for
The control passage of the control medium of the piston cylinder unit, the control medium are gone to and/or come from supply and/or discharge
Specially refrigerant.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202013010352.3U DE202013010352U1 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Cold head for cryogenic refrigerator |
| DE202013010352.3 | 2013-11-18 | ||
| PCT/EP2014/074623 WO2015071418A1 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2014-11-14 | Cold head for cryogenic refrigerating machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105814375A CN105814375A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| CN105814375B true CN105814375B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
Family
ID=51900440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480061773.9A Active CN105814375B (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2014-11-14 | For freezing the cold head of refrigeration machine |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20160273809A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3071903B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6525998B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102248108B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105814375B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE202013010352U1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015071418A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5878580A (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1999-03-09 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Method of operating a cryogenic cooling device, and a cryogenic cooling device suitable for operation by this method |
| TW552385B (en) * | 2001-10-20 | 2003-09-11 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | A cold head for a cryogenic refrigerator |
| CN1675509A (en) * | 2002-08-17 | 2005-09-28 | 西门子磁体技术有限公司 | Oil carry-over prevention from helium gas compressor |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2127166A5 (en) * | 1971-02-26 | 1972-10-13 | Air Liquide | |
| US4366676A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1983-01-04 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Cryogenic cooler apparatus |
| DE3836884C2 (en) * | 1988-10-29 | 1997-10-02 | Leybold Ag | Method for examining a sample on the cold head of a cryostat and refrigerator cryostat |
| JPH0384368A (en) * | 1989-08-25 | 1991-04-09 | Toshiba Corp | Refrigerator |
| DE4318406A1 (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1994-12-08 | Leybold Ag | Method for operating a refrigerator and refrigerator suitable for carrying out this method |
| JP2663247B2 (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1997-10-15 | 岩谷産業株式会社 | Pulse tube refrigerator |
| US5711157A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1998-01-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Cooling system having a plurality of cooling stages in which refrigerant-filled chamber type refrigerators are used |
| JP3806185B2 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 2006-08-09 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Thermal storage type refrigerator with fluid control mechanism and pulse tube type refrigerator with fluid control mechanism |
| JP3729684B2 (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2005-12-21 | 東海旅客鉄道株式会社 | Cryogenic refrigerator |
| DE102005004269B4 (en) * | 2005-01-29 | 2006-11-02 | Bruker Biospin Gmbh | Magnetic resonance apparatus with in-phase coupling of pressure pulses of a working gas |
| US20070261416A1 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2007-11-15 | Raytheon Company | Hybrid cryocooler with multiple passive stages |
| US8490414B2 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2013-07-23 | Raytheon Company | Cryocooler with moving piston and moving cylinder |
| JP2009121786A (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2009-06-04 | Ihi Corp | Cryogenic refrigerator and control method for it |
| JP5378050B2 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2013-12-25 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Compressor for regenerator type refrigerator |
| JP5575875B2 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2014-08-20 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Regenerator, GM refrigerator and pulse tube refrigerator |
| JP5738174B2 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2015-06-17 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Cryopump system, cryogenic system, control device for compressor unit, and control method therefor |
-
2013
- 2013-11-18 DE DE202013010352.3U patent/DE202013010352U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2014
- 2014-11-14 EP EP14798872.9A patent/EP3071903B1/en active Active
- 2014-11-14 US US15/036,612 patent/US20160273809A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-11-14 WO PCT/EP2014/074623 patent/WO2015071418A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-11-14 CN CN201480061773.9A patent/CN105814375B/en active Active
- 2014-11-14 JP JP2016532129A patent/JP6525998B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-14 KR KR1020167012996A patent/KR102248108B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5878580A (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1999-03-09 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Method of operating a cryogenic cooling device, and a cryogenic cooling device suitable for operation by this method |
| TW552385B (en) * | 2001-10-20 | 2003-09-11 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | A cold head for a cryogenic refrigerator |
| CN1675509A (en) * | 2002-08-17 | 2005-09-28 | 西门子磁体技术有限公司 | Oil carry-over prevention from helium gas compressor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2016537604A (en) | 2016-12-01 |
| KR102248108B1 (en) | 2021-05-03 |
| JP6525998B2 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
| EP3071903B1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
| CN105814375A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| DE202013010352U1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
| US20160273809A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
| WO2015071418A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
| KR20160086841A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
| EP3071903A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: Cologne, Germany Applicant after: LEYBOLD Co. Ltd. Address before: Cologne, Germany Applicant before: OERLIKON LEYBOLD VACUUM GMBH |
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