CN105814375A - Cold head for cryogenic refrigerating machine - Google Patents
Cold head for cryogenic refrigerating machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105814375A CN105814375A CN201480061773.9A CN201480061773A CN105814375A CN 105814375 A CN105814375 A CN 105814375A CN 201480061773 A CN201480061773 A CN 201480061773A CN 105814375 A CN105814375 A CN 105814375A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cold head
- refrigeration machine
- cold
- freezing refrigeration
- work chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/006—Gas cycle refrigeration machines using a distributing valve of the rotary type
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
A cold head for cryogenic machines comprises a displacer (72, 76) mounted in a working chamber (38, 40, 46) of a housing (34, 36). The cold head also has a high-pressure connection (64) for supplying highly compressed refrigerant and a low-pressure connection (60) for discharging expanded refrigerant. Also provided is a control valve arrangement (58) for controlling the supply and discharge of refrigerant. According to the invention there is a bypass channel (80) connecting the high-pressure connection to the low-pressure connection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine.
Background technology
WO94/29653 describes a kind of cold head for freezing refrigeration machine, its with together with the helium of working gas, operate and be connected to high-voltage power supply and low pressure source.This cold head includes Multi-way control valve, and it controls the corresponding connection to the work chamber of piston cylinder unit and the cold finger on warm side of high-pressure inlet and low pressure inlet.At one of its multiple ends, it is possible to the displacer including regenerator defines Nuan Ce work chamber, and in end opposite, it defines Leng Ce work chamber.Although regenerator is periodically moved back and forth by piston cylinder unit, heat constantly obtains from the housing of cold head.Utilize the cold head with single stage displacement device, it is possible to produce to be down to the temperature of about 30K.Utilize two grades or three grades of displacers, it is possible to produce the temperature lower than 1K.Use place process gases (usual helium) to perform thermodynamic cycle in cold head and is processed (Stirling processes or Ji Fude-McMahon processes), and this place's process gases guides in the closed circuit.As a result, heat obtains from an end regions of the housing surrounding displacer.
Cold head is connected to compressor.Owing to loop is closed-loop path, the high pressure of cold head connects and low pressure connection is all connected to compressor.This type of compressor generally includes overflow valve.This overflow valve is disposed in the return-flow catheter being arranged between high-pressure side and low-pressure side.Generally, overflow valve is the check-valves of spring load, pressure reduction between its high pressure being generally directed to the such as compressor of 18 bars and low pressure and design.When the cold head that resistance is significantly high is connected to compressor, the operating pressure on the high-pressure side at compressor place excessively increases.In order to discharge this excessive power, overflow valve is opened, thus cold-producing medium (being specially helium) flows to the low-pressure side of compressor via return-flow catheter.Circular treatment due to cold head, it is achieved the pulsed gas supply from compressor to cold head.Here, gas concussion it may happen that.Particularly spending the longer period, this is likely to result in frequently opening and closing of overflow valve.Thus, overflow valve will stand significant overload.This may result in the destroying or even for the damage of valve seat of the valve seat to overflow valve.Further, this causes the loss produced in obvious noise and performance.When overflow valve is destroyed, it may occur however that oil enters refrigerating circuit.Further drawback is in that performance loss occurs in the existing hysteresis opened between pressure and closing presure due to overflow valve.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to reduce the load on overflow valve.
According to the present invention, this purpose utilizes the cold head defined in claim 1 to solve.
Cold head for the freezing refrigeration machine of the present invention has the work chamber in housing (being likely manifold housing).Single-stage or multi-level permutation device are disposed in work chamber.Cold head farther includes the high pressure of the cold-producing medium for supplying high compression to work chamber and connects and for discharging expansion or low pressure refrigerant low pressure connection.Further, it is provided that control valve gear.Control valve gear and serve the supply and discharge that control to commute the cold-producing medium of work chamber.Here, control device and can include multiple valve, for instance induction valve and dump valve.Preferably controlling valve gear and have Multi-way control valve, it controls, and high pressure connects, low pressure connects the connection between work chamber.According to the present invention, cold head has the bypass channel being arranged between high pressure connection with low pressure connection and connecting the two connection.If it is required, excessive cold-producing medium directly can connect through described passage from high pressure flow to low pressure connection without flowing through cold head.Therefore the excess energy of this type of appearance can discharge via bypass.As a result, integrated overflow valve within the compressor is alleviated.Possibly, overflow valve can omit completely from compressor, or it can be only used as safety device and provide.As a result, the overflow valve of obvious low cost can at least be used.
In the particularly preferred exploitation of the present invention, bypass channel is arranged through-flow adjusting apparatus.Can be such as nozzle and/or valve.Logical flow modulation device can be adjustable.In this context, it is possible to make before the procedure and being fixedly installed, thus valve is opened when such as exceeding pressure reduction.Further, it is possible to allow from outside (such as from cold head), through-flow adjusting apparatus to be adjusted.As such, it is possible to allow also to make corresponding adjustment during operation.
Owing to the present invention provides bypass in the cold head preferably including pressure regulation device, for the compressor used, it is possible to be substantially reduced cost.Further, it is possible to strengthen the operation safety of compressor and compressor performance can be increased.The risk that the oil caused by the overflow valve of the destruction in compressor penetrates also is reduced.Further, service life is extended and can realize constant noise characteristic.
In the preferred development of the present invention, cold head has the mobile device for moving displacer.Mobile device can be motor.By being such as the motor of motor, it is possible to use grooved guider moves displacer.This can such as be realized by eccentric, thus the in rotary moving of motor can convert vertically moving of displacer in a straightforward manner to.As an alternative, piston/cylinder unit can be provided for mobile displacer.Piston-cylinder unit can such as drive via independent hydraulic system.But, for the purpose of movement, it is preferred that piston-cylinder unit is connected to high pressure and connects and low pressure connection.In a preferred embodiment, the cold-producing medium that is moved through of the braking of piston-cylinder unit and therefore displacer realizes.
Further preferably cold head has the dispensing body (" distributorbody ") wherein providing at least the first interface channel.First interface channel is served connection high pressure and is connected to working cavity.Preferably, this connection is made via controlling valve gear, thus the first interface channel is arranged between control valve gear and working cavity.Preferably, dispensing body additionally has the second interface channel, and it is arranged between control valve gear and low pressure connection.
In particularly preferred embodiments, valve design becomes to make it also to include controlling passage.Control channel service in mobile device (that is, particularly piston-cylinder unit) supply and emission control medium.Control medium preferably cold-producing medium.
The present invention will explain in detail below with reference to preferred implementation and reference accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the freezing refrigeration machine of prior art,
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the freezing refrigeration machine of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the schematic section of the embodiment of the cold head according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The freezing refrigeration machine (Fig. 1) of prior art includes compressor 10, and it compresses the cold-producing medium of such as helium.In high-pressure side, the high pressure that compressor 10 is connected to cold head 16 via conduit 12 connects 14.The low pressure of cold head 16 connects 18 low-pressure sides being connected to compressor 10 via conduit 20.In order to avoid the overload on compressor 10, check-valves 24 is arranged in return-flow catheter 22, and the high-pressure side of compressor 10 is connected to the low-pressure side of compressor 10 by this return-flow catheter 22.
Work chamber 26 is provided in cold head 16, is wherein provided with unshowned displacer piston in FIG.Induction valve 28 is connected to high pressure and connects 14, thus when induction valve 28 is opened, the cold-producing medium of compression flows into into work chamber 26.The cold-producing medium expanded can be directed to low pressure via dump valve 30 and connect 18.
In the basic configuration of the system of the present invention shown in figure 2, the assembly that class Sihe is identical is identified by identical Ref. No..
According to the present invention schematically shown, bypass channel 32 provides between the induction valve 28 and the dump valve 30 of cold head 16 of cold head 16, can be provided with through-flow adjusting apparatus in this bypass channel 32.As illustrated by the dotted line in fig. 2, it is provided that the bypass channel 32 of the present invention allows to omit return-flow catheter 22 and overflow valve 24.
Preferred implementation at cold head 16 shown in the schematic sectional view of Fig. 3.
Cold head 16 has the housing formed by two housing parts 34 and 36.In housing parts 34, two cylinder Leng Ce work chamber 38 and 40 are provided for two displacer levels 42 and 44.
Upper replacement device level 42 define Nuan Ce work chamber 46 and be provided with the cylinder 50 being arranged in dispensing body 52 in driving piston 48.Therefore, displacer 42 and 44 is arranged in the work chamber 38,40,46 formed by multiple Topical chambers.
Dispensing body 52 defines warm side work space 46, and it is provided with and forms the boring controlling passage the 54, first interface channel 56 and the second interface channel 57.First interface channel 56 leads to work chamber 46 and serves to this chamber supply working gas.All of these three passage is controlled by controlling valve 58.Control valve 58 is connected to Nuan Ce work chamber 46 by the first interface channel 56, controls passage 54 and control valve 58 is connected to cylinder 50, and control valve 58 is connected to low pressure and connects 60 by the second interface channel 57.Control valve 58 and be connected further to be connected with high pressure the chamber 62 of 64 connections.High pressure connects 64 supply pressure and is about the helium of 20 bars, and pressure is about the helium of 5 bars, and to connect 18 places in low pressure general.Two kinds of pressure connect (not shown) accordingly via what chamber 62 and the second interface channel 57 were supplied to control valve 58 respectively.All of conduit is incorporated into the upside of dispensing body 52 and arrives valve 58 from that.
Housing parts 36 holds the motor 66 via axle 68 drive control valve 58.By compressing spring 70, described valve is worked.
In the illustrated embodiment, the place's process gases standing thermodynamic cycle process is identical with the driving gas for piston cylinder unit 48,50.It is suitable for using helium.The gas different from locating process gases can be used as driving gas.
Being alternative in the piston cylinder unit 48,50 provided in the illustrated embodiment for moving displacer 72,76, displacer 72,76 can also be moved by motor, for instance uses motor.For this, motor can be provided with eccentric and grooved guider, thus eccentric rotation is converted into linear movement.
In cylinder work chamber 46, displacer level 42 has tubulose displacer 72, and it is filled with has infiltrative hot regenerator 74 for gas.Storage cold air served by regenerator 74, and send the cold air of storage to the warm gas flowed into.
Similarly, have than the displacer level 44 of displacer level 42 more minor diameter include can in cylinder work chamber 40 axially in the tubulose displacer 76 of skew, described displacer is connected to displacer 72 and is also filled with the regenerator 78 of permeable gas.
In the operation of cold finger, first the work chamber 46 on warm side is connected to high pressure via the first interface channel 56 and control valve 58 and connects 64.Meanwhile, high pressure is incorporated into cylinder 50 by controlling passage 54.Displacer 72 and 76 offsets (downwards) to cold side.Gas under high pressure also flows to cold side by regenerator 74 and 78.In doing so, it is expansion while cooling, and further expands through the heat exchange with regenerator and realize.
In second stage, control passage 54 and be connected to low pressure connection.Under the effect of high pressure, displacer 72 and 76 offsets to warm side, thus the work chamber 46 on warm side becomes the work chamber 40 that less and gas is flowed on cold side by regenerator 74 and 78.
In the phase III, control valve 58 and cause work chamber 40 to be connected to low pressure connection 60 via conduit 56.Thus, while cooling, the gas expansion in all working chamber of cold head.
Hereafter displacer 72 and 76 is by cold side shifting, and the thus volume contraction of Leng Ce work chamber 40, thus being ready for subsequent cycle.In this stage, cold air flows to regenerator 74 and 78 from work chamber 40, and is cooled down further by it.
The frequency of described cycle of operation is approximately 2Hz.
Further, in shown embodiment, it is provided in dispensing body 52 according to the bypass channel 80 of the present invention.Bypass channel 80 controls passage 57 by second and is connected to chamber 62.Therefore high pressure is connected 64 and is connected to low pressure connection 60 by bypass channel 80.As illustrated shown in property, for instance the through-flow adjusting apparatus of valve 82 is disposed in bypass channel 80.If it occur that less desirable high pressure increases in chamber 62, then therefore a part for cold-producing medium is directly flowed back to into being connected to the passage 57 that low pressure connects 60 by bypass channel 80.
Claims (13)
1. for a cold head for freezing refrigeration machine, including:
Displacer (72,76), it is disposed in the work chamber (38,40,46) of housing (34,36)；
High pressure connects (64), and it for supplying the cold-producing medium of high compression to described work chamber (38,40,46)；
Low pressure connects (60), its cold-producing medium for expanding from described work chamber (38,40,46) discharge；And
Control valve gear (28,30；58), it commutes the supply of cold-producing medium and the discharge of described work chamber (38,40,46) for control,
It is characterized in that,
Bypass channel (80), described high pressure is connected (64) and is connected to described low pressure connection (60) by it.
2. the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that arrange through-flow adjusting apparatus (82) in described bypass channel (80).
3. the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described logical flow modulation device (82) is specifically adjustable during operation.
4. the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that be used for moving the mobile device (48,50) of described displacer (72,76).
5. the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described mobile device is configured to piston cylinder unit (48,50), and in order to brake, described piston cylinder unit is connected to described high pressure and connects (64) and described low pressure connection (60).
6. the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described mobile device has motor, is specially motor.
7. the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine according to claim 6, wherein said motor drives eccentric, and described eccentric acts on grooved guider to cause the linear mobile of described displacer (72,76).
8. according to the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine one of claim 1-7 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that described control valve gear (28,30；58) having the Multi-way control valve (58) cyclically operated, it controls work chamber (38,40,46) and connects (64) to high pressure and connect the connection of (60) to low pressure.
9. the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described control valve (58) controls the connection of described piston cylinder unit (48,50).
10. according to the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine one of claim 1-9 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that dispensing body (52), at least a part of which the first interface channel (56) is provided for and described high pressure connection (64) is connected to described work chamber (38,40,46).
11. the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described first interface channel (56) is arranged between described control valve (58) and described work chamber (38,40,46).
12. the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that described dispensing body (52) has described control valve (58) and described low pressure connects the second interface channel (57) between (60).
13. according to the cold head for freezing refrigeration machine one of claim 10-12 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that described dispensing body (52) has go to for supply and/or discharge and/or come from described piston cylinder unit (48,50) the control passage (54) controlling medium, described control medium is specially cold-producing medium.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202013010352.3U DE202013010352U1 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Cold head for cryogenic refrigerator |
| DE202013010352.3 | 2013-11-18 | ||
| PCT/EP2014/074623 WO2015071418A1 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2014-11-14 | Cold head for cryogenic refrigerating machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105814375A true CN105814375A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| CN105814375B CN105814375B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
Family
ID=51900440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480061773.9A Active CN105814375B (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2014-11-14 | For freezing the cold head of refrigeration machine |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20160273809A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3071903B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6525998B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102248108B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105814375B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE202013010352U1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015071418A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5878580A (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1999-03-09 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Method of operating a cryogenic cooling device, and a cryogenic cooling device suitable for operation by this method |
| TW552385B (en) * | 2001-10-20 | 2003-09-11 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | A cold head for a cryogenic refrigerator |
| CN1675509A (en) * | 2002-08-17 | 2005-09-28 | 西门子磁体技术有限公司 | Oil carry-over prevention from helium gas compressor |
| US20060254288A1 (en) * | 2005-01-29 | 2006-11-16 | Bruker Biospin Gmbh | Magnetic resonance apparatus with phase-aligned coupling-in of working gas pressure pulses |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2127166A5 (en) * | 1971-02-26 | 1972-10-13 | Air Liquide | |
| US4366676A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1983-01-04 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Cryogenic cooler apparatus |
| DE3836884C2 (en) * | 1988-10-29 | 1997-10-02 | Leybold Ag | Method for examining a sample on the cold head of a cryostat and refrigerator cryostat |
| JPH0384368A (en) * | 1989-08-25 | 1991-04-09 | Toshiba Corp | Refrigerator |
| DE4318406A1 (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1994-12-08 | Leybold Ag | Method for operating a refrigerator and refrigerator suitable for carrying out this method |
| JP2663247B2 (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1997-10-15 | 岩谷産業株式会社 | Pulse tube refrigerator |
| US5711157A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1998-01-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Cooling system having a plurality of cooling stages in which refrigerant-filled chamber type refrigerators are used |
| JP3806185B2 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 2006-08-09 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Thermal storage type refrigerator with fluid control mechanism and pulse tube type refrigerator with fluid control mechanism |
| JP3729684B2 (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2005-12-21 | 東海旅客鉄道株式会社 | Cryogenic refrigerator |
| US20070261416A1 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2007-11-15 | Raytheon Company | Hybrid cryocooler with multiple passive stages |
| US8490414B2 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2013-07-23 | Raytheon Company | Cryocooler with moving piston and moving cylinder |
| JP2009121786A (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2009-06-04 | Ihi Corp | Cryogenic refrigerator and control method for it |
| JP5378050B2 (en) * | 2009-04-23 | 2013-12-25 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Compressor for regenerator type refrigerator |
| JP5575875B2 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2014-08-20 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Regenerator, GM refrigerator and pulse tube refrigerator |
| JP5738174B2 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2015-06-17 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Cryopump system, cryogenic system, control device for compressor unit, and control method therefor |
-
2013
- 2013-11-18 DE DE202013010352.3U patent/DE202013010352U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2014
- 2014-11-14 EP EP14798872.9A patent/EP3071903B1/en active Active
- 2014-11-14 US US15/036,612 patent/US20160273809A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-11-14 WO PCT/EP2014/074623 patent/WO2015071418A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-11-14 CN CN201480061773.9A patent/CN105814375B/en active Active
- 2014-11-14 JP JP2016532129A patent/JP6525998B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-14 KR KR1020167012996A patent/KR102248108B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5878580A (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1999-03-09 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Method of operating a cryogenic cooling device, and a cryogenic cooling device suitable for operation by this method |
| TW552385B (en) * | 2001-10-20 | 2003-09-11 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | A cold head for a cryogenic refrigerator |
| CN1675509A (en) * | 2002-08-17 | 2005-09-28 | 西门子磁体技术有限公司 | Oil carry-over prevention from helium gas compressor |
| US20060254288A1 (en) * | 2005-01-29 | 2006-11-16 | Bruker Biospin Gmbh | Magnetic resonance apparatus with phase-aligned coupling-in of working gas pressure pulses |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2016537604A (en) | 2016-12-01 |
| KR102248108B1 (en) | 2021-05-03 |
| JP6525998B2 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
| EP3071903B1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
| CN105814375B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
| DE202013010352U1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
| US20160273809A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
| WO2015071418A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
| KR20160086841A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
| EP3071903A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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Address after: Cologne, Germany Applicant after: LEYBOLD Co. Ltd. Address before: Cologne, Germany Applicant before: OERLIKON LEYBOLD VACUUM GMBH |
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