CN105810927B - Lead-carbon battery negative electrode material - Google Patents

Lead-carbon battery negative electrode material Download PDF

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CN105810927B
CN105810927B CN201410849455.0A CN201410849455A CN105810927B CN 105810927 B CN105810927 B CN 105810927B CN 201410849455 A CN201410849455 A CN 201410849455A CN 105810927 B CN105810927 B CN 105810927B
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lead
carbon
negative electrode
battery
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CN105810927A (en
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胡晨
刘皓
杨凯
高飞
李大贺
王丽娜
惠东
来小康
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses lead carbonThe battery negative electrode material is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of lead powder, TinO2n‑10.1-15 parts of flat double-walled carbon nano-tube, 0.05-0.5 part of flat double-walled carbon nano-tube, 4-15 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.3-2.8 parts of barium sulfate, 0.5-10 parts of activated carbon, 0.05-1 part of polyester fiber, 0.1-5 parts of graphite, 0.1-2 parts of lignin, 0.1-2 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of water and 0.1-1 part of barium stearate. The lead-carbon battery cathode material prepared by the invention can reduce the using amount of the carbon material, effectively inhibit hydrogen evolution of the cathode, improve the conductivity of the battery cathode and the utilization rate of active substances, improve the charge acceptance of a lead storage battery, and further improve the specific power and the cycle performance of the lead-acid battery. The technology is expected to be applied to novel lead-carbon batteries in the fields of new energy storage, electric vehicles, electric tools, pulse emission and the like.

Description

Lead-carbon battery negative electrode material
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to a lead-carbon battery cathode material, in particular to a Ti-containing cathode materialnO2n-1And the lead-carbon battery cathode material is mixed with the flat double-wall carbon nano tube.
[ background of the invention ]
Carbon materials such as carbon black and active carbon are added into the negative electrode of the lead-carbon battery so as to improve the conductivity of the negative electrode material, increase the specific surface area of the negative electrode, limit the growth of sulfate grains, inhibit the irreversible sulfation of the negative electrode and improve the cycle life and the rate capability of the battery. Carbon materials such as carbon black, activated carbon and the like are powdery particles, so that the particles are not contacted sufficiently, and gaps exist among the powdery particles, so that a good conductive network cannot be formed; and carbon materials such as carbon black, active carbon and the like have low hydrogen evolution overpotential, and hydrogen is easily generated at the negative electrode of the battery in the charging process, so that the battery loses water. In addition, the chemical property of the carbon material in sulfuric acid is not stable, and particularly when the battery is charged to a higher potential, the carbon material is gradually oxidized to generate carbon dioxide to cause loss of the carbon material and water, so that the beneficial effect of the carbon material in inhibiting sulfation in a negative electrode is reduced, and the cycle life and rate performance of the lead-carbon battery are limited to be improved.
A series of molecular formulas of TinO2n-1(generally 4. ltoreq. n < 10, n is a natural number, when n>Poor conductivity at 10) is also known as Magneli phase titania, typically a mixture of multiple titanium oxides. The Magneli phase titanium oxide has good chemical stability, and the static corrosion rate of the titanium suboxide at 50 ℃ is only 0.019 g/(m) in 42% concentrated sulfuric acid according to the literature report2Day), and the half-life period is estimated to be 50 years in 4mol/L sulfuric acid solution at normal temperature; 1mol/L of H at room temperature2SO4In the solution, the difference between the oxygen evolution potential and the hydrogen evolution potential of the titanium suboxide electrode is about 4.0V. All titanium suboxide materials have higher electrical conductivity than titanium dioxide, generally comparable to graphite materials, while Ti4O7The conductivity of the graphite is up to 1000S/cm, which is close to that of metal and is several times of that of graphite.
The flat double-walled carbon nanotube that has appeared in recent years is a new type of carbon nanotube. Research work shows that in a tube bundle formed by the flat carbon nano tubes through spontaneous synthesis, the distance between the carbon nano tubes is 0.34nm and is close to the distance between graphite layers, the contact surface between the adjacent carbon nano tubes is large, the macroscopic body conductivity reaches 1000S/cm and is far higher than that of other carbon nano tube materials, and the carbon nano tube bundle has good conductivity, extremely large specific surface area and good chemical inertness.
[ summary of the invention ]
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a lead-carbon battery cathode material which is prepared to contain TinO2n-1The lead-carbon battery cathode material mixed with the flat double-wall carbon nano tube forms a three-dimensional conductive network in the cathode, so that the using amount of the carbon material can be reduced, the hydrogen evolution of the cathode is effectively inhibited, the conductivity of the cathode of the battery and the utilization rate of active substances are improved, the charge acceptance of the lead-acid battery can be improved, and further the specific power and the cycle performance of the lead-acid battery are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the lead-carbon battery negative electrode material is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of lead powder, TinO2n- 10.1-15 parts of flat double-walled carbon nano-tube, 0.05-0.5 part of flat double-walled carbon nano-tube, 4-15 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.3-2.8 parts of barium sulfate, 0.5-10 parts of activated carbon, 0.05-1 part of polyester fiber, 0.1-5 parts of graphite, 0.1-2 parts of lignin, 0.1-2 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of water and 0.1-1 part of barium stearate, wherein n is more than or equal to 4 and less than 10, and n is a natural number.
Preferably, the preparation components of the negative electrode material are as follows: tinO2n-10.2 to 4.8 parts, 0.06 to 0.4 part of flat double-walled carbon nanotube, 9 to 12 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of barium sulfate, 0.5 to 5.0 parts of activated carbon, 0.1 to 0.5 part of polyester fiber, 0.2 to 1.0 part of graphite, 0.1 to 2 parts of lignin, 0.1 to 0.5 part of humic acid, 12 to 18 parts of water and 0.15 to 0.5 part of barium stearate.
In another preferred embodiment, the preparation composition of the negative electrode material is as follows: tinO2n-10.4 to 1.0 part, 0.08 to 0.32 part of flat double-walled carbon nanotube, 4 to 8 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.8 to 1.0 part of barium sulfate, 0.5 to 2.5 parts of activated carbon, 0.2 to 0.4 part of polyester fiber, 0.25 to 0.35 part of graphite, 0.3 to 0.5 part of lignin, 0.1 to 0.2 part of humic acid, 14 to 16 parts of water and 0.18 to 0.25 part of barium stearate.
Preferably, the average particle size of the lead powder is 2-5 μm.
Still preferably, the Ti isnO2n-1The average grain diameter is 10 nm-10 mu m. The TinO2n-1The specific surface area is 100-1200 m2A pore volume of 0.1 to 2.0cm3/g。
Preferably, the specific surface area of the flat double-wall carbon nanotube is 100-1300 m2A pore volume of 0.1-2.0 cm3(ii) in terms of/g. The flat double-wall carbon nano tube consists of a carbon nano tube bundle consisting of mutually parallel flat carbon nano tubes, and the graphite layer of the carbon nano tube is 2 layers.
Preferably, the density of the sulfuric acid is 1.20-1.40 ml/g.
Preferably, the average particle size of the barium sulfate is 0.1 to 1.0 μm.
The flat double-wall carbon nano tube has a great length-diameter ratio, the diameter of the flat double-wall carbon nano tube is only a few nanometers, and the length of the flat double-wall carbon nano tube reaches a few micrometers, so that the flat double-wall carbon nano tube can be connected with more negative electrode particles, can serve as a node of a conductive network in a battery, can play a role of a wire in the conductive network, improves the electronic conductivity of an active material, and simultaneously has an electric double layer effect and plays a role of high rate capability of a super capacitor; the granular titanium dioxide has large specific surface area and developed gaps, and can play a role in absorbing and retaining liquid in the negative active material, thereby improving the ionic conductivity.
Flat double-walled carbon nanotube and granular conductive agent TinO2n-1The composite has the advantages that the composite and the electrode plate are used as a single conductive additive, the improvement of the mechanical property of the electrode plate and the formation of a good space conductive network are facilitated, and the ionic conductivity and the electronic conductivity of the active material are improved; meanwhile, the composite conductive agent has strong corrosion resistance and stable performance in a sulfuric acid solution, and is beneficial to the improvement of the electrochemical performance of the electrode, especially the rate performance. In addition, the use of the composite conductive additive can reduce the use amount of the conductive agent and the carbon material to a certain extent, effectively inhibit hydrogen evolution of the negative electrode, and remarkably improve the conductivity of the negative electrode of the battery and the utilization rate of the active substance.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
the technical scheme provided by the invention is that Ti dispersed in the negative plate of the lead-carbon batterynO2n-1The composite conductive agent and the flat double-wall carbon nano tube play a role of a space conductive network, and play a role of capacitance together with the activated carbon material in the negative plate, so that the sulfation phenomenon of the negative plate is inhibited, the utilization rate of the active material of the negative plate is improved, meanwhile, the content of graphite, carbon black and the activated carbon material in the negative plate is reduced, the hydrogen precipitation of the negative plate is reduced, and the power characteristic and the cycle performance of the battery are obviously improved. The specific energy of the battery reaches over 45Wh/kg, and the normal temperature 50% DOD cycle life exceeds 2500 times.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of titanium suboxide.
FIG. 2 is a high resolution TEM image of flat double-walled carbon nanotubes.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The lead-carbon battery negative electrode material is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of lead powder, TinO2n- 10.4 part, 0.08 part of flat double-walled carbon nanotube, 9.5 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.9 part of barium sulfate, 0.5 part of activated carbon, 0.3 part of polyester fiber, 0.3 part of graphite, 0.3 part of lignin, 0.1 part of humic acid, 14 parts of water and 0.2 part of barium stearate. Wherein n is more than or equal to 4 and less than 10, and n is a natural number.
Example 2
The lead-carbon battery negative electrode material is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of lead powder, TinO2n- 10.4 part, 0.1 part of flat double-walled carbon nano-tube, 12 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.9 part of barium sulfate, 0.5 part of activated carbon, 0.2 part of polyester fiber, 0.35 part of graphite, 0.4 part of lignin, 0.15 part of humic acid, 16 parts of water and 0.25 part of barium stearate.
Example 3
The lead-carbon battery negative electrode material is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: lead (II)100 parts of powder, TinO2n- 10.7 part, 0.32 part of flat double-walled carbon nano-tube, 9 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.9 part of barium sulfate, 0.5 part of activated carbon, 0.2 part of polyester fiber, 0.3 part of graphite, 0.3 part of lignin, 0.2 part of humic acid, 15 parts of water and 0.18 part of barium stearate.
Example 4
The lead-carbon battery negative electrode material is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of lead powder, TinO2n- 10.9 part, 0.2 part of flat double-walled carbon nano-tube, 10 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.8 part of barium sulfate, 2.5 parts of activated carbon, 0.4 part of polyester fiber, 0.25 part of graphite, 0.35 part of lignin, 0.15 part of humic acid, 15 parts of water and 0.2 part of barium stearate.
Comparative example
The cathode material of the common lead-carbon battery is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of lead powder, 9 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.9 part of barium sulfate, 2.5 parts of activated carbon, 0.2 part of polyester fiber, 0.3 part of graphite, 0.4 part of lignin, 0.15 part of humic acid, 16 parts of water and 0.2 part of barium stearate.
Performance testing
The material prepared in the embodiment is used for preparing a negative plate of the lead-carbon battery according to a common production method of a negative electrode of a valve-controlled battery, and the apparent density of lead paste is controlled to be 3.8-4.5 g/ml. The positive plate and the negative plate of the lead-carbon battery are assembled into a 10Ah battery, an AGM separator is used as a battery separator, dilute sulfuric acid electrolyte is added, and the lead-carbon battery is manufactured through internalization, charging and discharging of the battery. The lead-carbon battery prepared above was tested according to the following steps:
(1) discharge to 30% SoC: 0.5C (5A) constant current, discharge time 1.4h
(2) PSoC cycle
1) Charging: the constant current of 0.2C (2A), the voltage limitation of 2.35V, and the 5Ah charging is cut off (if the 5Ah cannot be charged by the charge amount in the later period of the cycle, the charging is changed into the low-current charging until the 5Ah is charged in the last period of the charging);
2) discharging: 0.5C (5A) constant current, and the discharge time is 1 h;
3) repeating the steps 1) and 2) for 150 times, or circulating until the discharge voltage is less than 1.80V
4) And (3) judging the residual capacity: after 150 cycles of PSoC, no charge discharge was replenished: 0.5C (5A) constant current, cut-off voltage 1.70V
(3)C10And detecting the capacity, namely detecting the capacity to be less than 80% C of the initial capacity, and ending the circulation.
The specific energy and the normal temperature 50% DOD cycle life of the lead-carbon batteries manufactured in the above examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 specific energy and Normal temperature 50% DOD cycle life of lead-carbon batteries fabricated in examples and comparative examples
Examples Specific energy (wh/kg) Normal temperature 50% DOD cycle life
1 48 2650
2 46 2720
3 49 2850
4 51 2960
Comparative example 40 1920
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are intended to illustrate rather than limit the invention, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, after reading the present specification, changes may be made in the embodiments and equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. The lead-carbon battery negative electrode material is characterized in that: the negative electrode material is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of lead powder, TinO2n-10.1-15 parts of flat double-walled carbon nano-tubes, 0.05-0.5 part of flat double-walled carbon nano-tubes, 4-15 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.3-2.8 parts of barium sulfate, 0.5-10 parts of activated carbon, 0.05-1 part of polyester fibers, 0.1-5 parts of graphite, 0.1-2 parts of lignin, 0.1-2 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of water and 0.1-1 part of barium stearate, wherein n is more than or equal to 4 and less than 10, and n is a natural number;
the average particle size of the lead powder is 2-5 mu m;
the TinO2n-1The average grain diameter is 100 nm-10 mu m;
the TinO2n-1The specific surface area is 100-1200 m2A pore volume of 0.1 to 2.0cm3/g;
The specific surface area of the flat double-wall carbon nano tube is 100-1300 m2A pore volume of 0.1-2.0 cm3(ii)/g; the flat double-wall carbon nano tube consists of a carbon nano tube bundle consisting of mutually parallel flat carbon nano tubes, and the graphite layer of the carbon nano tube is 2 layers;
the density of the sulfuric acid is 1.20-1.40 ml/g;
the average grain diameter of the barium sulfate is 0.1-1.0 μm.
2. The negative electrode material for a lead-carbon battery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the preparation components of the negative electrode material are as follows: tinO2n-10.2-4.8 parts of flat double-wall carbon nano tube, 0.06-0.4 parts of sulfuric acid, 9-12 parts of barium sulfate and 0.5-1 part of barium sulfate.5 parts of active carbon 0.5-5.0 parts, polyester fiber 0.1-0.5 part, graphite 0.2-1.0 part, lignin 0.1-2 parts, humic acid 0.1-0.5 part, water 12-18 parts, and barium stearate 0.15-0.5 part.
3. The negative electrode material for a lead-carbon battery as defined in claim 1, wherein: the preparation components of the negative electrode material are as follows: tinO2n-10.4 to 1.0 part, 0.08 to 0.32 part of flat double-walled carbon nanotube, 4 to 8 parts of sulfuric acid, 0.8 to 1.0 part of barium sulfate, 0.5 to 2.5 parts of activated carbon, 0.2 to 0.4 part of polyester fiber, 0.25 to 0.35 part of graphite, 0.3 to 0.5 part of lignin, 0.1 to 0.2 part of humic acid, 14 to 16 parts of water and 0.18 to 0.25 part of barium stearate.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6775764B2 (en) * 2016-09-30 2020-10-28 株式会社Gsユアサ Lead-acid battery
CN117080383B (en) * 2023-08-04 2024-03-15 湖南科舰能源发展有限公司 Negative electrode material and lead-carbon battery

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102683708A (en) * 2012-05-18 2012-09-19 湖南维邦新能源有限公司 Negative plate of battery, preparation method thereof and battery comprising negative plate
CN102709567A (en) * 2012-06-18 2012-10-03 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 Lead-acid cell
CN102867993A (en) * 2011-07-04 2013-01-09 中国人民解放军63971部队 Plumbic acid cell having anode added with TinO2<n-1 conductive agent
CN104022288A (en) * 2014-05-22 2014-09-03 国家电网公司 Additive for negative electrode plate of lead storage battery, and usage method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102867993A (en) * 2011-07-04 2013-01-09 中国人民解放军63971部队 Plumbic acid cell having anode added with TinO2<n-1 conductive agent
CN102683708A (en) * 2012-05-18 2012-09-19 湖南维邦新能源有限公司 Negative plate of battery, preparation method thereof and battery comprising negative plate
CN102709567A (en) * 2012-06-18 2012-10-03 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 Lead-acid cell
CN104022288A (en) * 2014-05-22 2014-09-03 国家电网公司 Additive for negative electrode plate of lead storage battery, and usage method thereof

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