CN105807234B - Batteries of electric automobile performance testing device - Google Patents
Batteries of electric automobile performance testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105807234B CN105807234B CN201610169707.4A CN201610169707A CN105807234B CN 105807234 B CN105807234 B CN 105807234B CN 201610169707 A CN201610169707 A CN 201610169707A CN 105807234 B CN105807234 B CN 105807234B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/386—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables using test-loads
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of batteries of electric automobile performance testing devices, including temperature and humidity control system, vibration mechine, battery driven system, discharge load and energy recycling system and data collection system, battery pack is placed on vibration mechine, it is powered by battery driven system to discharge load and energy recycling system, data collection system acquires the characteristic parameter in discharge process, the temperature and humidity of battery pack environment in the temperature and humidity control system control discharge process.By the working environment of simulation batteries of electric automobile group, the data during trial operation are acquired, judge the performance of battery pack, and use energy recycling system, it is energy saving.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vehicle technology fields, and in particular to a kind of batteries of electric automobile performance testing device.
Background technique
The electric vehicle advantage small due to its energy saving and environmental pollution, it has also become the development side of 21 century auto industry
To.Power battery is the core of electric vehicle, and performance directly affects the performance of electric vehicle.The whole world has many countries all to electricity
Motor-car power battery is studied, and as battery performance continuously improves, the requirement to battery of electric vehicle measuring technology is also more next
It is higher.
Summary of the invention
According to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a kind of batteries of electric automobile
Performance testing device, the simulation system of dynamic battery that the present invention designs carry out simulated automotive power battery under actual motion condition
Charge status, to examine the performance of power battery to provide foundation.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: batteries of electric automobile performance test
Device, which is characterized in that returned including temperature and humidity control system, vibration mechine, battery driven system, discharge load and energy
Receipts system and data collection system, battery pack are placed on vibration mechine, by battery driven system to discharge load and energy
Recovery system power supply is measured, data collection system acquires the characteristic parameter in discharge process, and the temperature and humidity control system control is put
The temperature and humidity of battery pack environment in electric process, the temperature and humidity control system include that temperature and humidity control box and temperature and humidity pass
Sensor, temperature and humidity control box include chamber, heating equipment, refrigeration equipment and humidification apparatus.
The battery driven system includes driving motor and drive motor controller, and drive motor controller controls battery
Group is powered to driving motor.The data collection system includes encoder, current sensor, torque sensor, voltage sensor,
Acquire driving motor revolving speed, torque and the discharge voltage and electric current during battery power discharge.The discharge load and energy
Recovery system includes load motor, load motor controller and load motor cooling device, energy storage battery and charger, is born
It carries electric machine controller control load motor to charge to energy storage battery, load motor cooling device cools down to load motor, fills
Motor connects energy storage battery.The test device further includes battery management system, and battery management system includes battery management list
Member and battery control unit, battery management unit adjust the balance charge/discharge between each single battery, battery control unit control
The acquisition of assembled battery total voltage and total current.The Temperature Humidity Sensor include semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit and
Signal processing unit, semiconductor detection unit include two semiconductor gauge Rε1And Rε2, semiconductor gauge Rε1And Rε2It is located at
Radius is r0Circular film on, circular film is located on U-shaped support, between diaphragm and U-shaped support formed a dry air
Seal chamber, two semiconductor gauges are responded by output resistance under the pressure difference and Temperature Excitation effect inside and outside diaphragm,
Electrical response signal is converted to pulse width signal by two times transfer unit, signal processing unit by data decoupler isolate temperature,
Pressure and relative humidity data.The semiconductor gauge Rε1It is arranged in center location, Rε2It is arranged in diaphragm 0.89r0Circle
On, the resistance delta numerical value that two semiconductor gauges respectively generate under air pressure excitation is identical, positive and negative opposite.Described secondary turn
Changing unit includes two identical pulse signal conversion circuits, and a semiconductor gauge is correspondingly connected with a pulse signal conversion
Circuit, pulse signal conversion circuit include 555 timers, resistance R and capacitor C, and resistance R is connected to No. 2 pins of 555 timers
Between No. 3 pins, capacitor C is connected on No. 2 pins of 555 timers, and No. 2 pins and No. 6 pins are shorted, No. 3 pins and 7
Number pin is shorted, No. 7 pin output pulse width signals of 555 timers to signal processing unit.The pulse signal conversion circuit
Pulse width conversion formula be τ=ln2CR, τ is output pulse width in formula, and R is the resistance of the received semiconductor gauge of circuit
Response, C are mica standard capacitor, and it is directly proportional to respective institute connecting resistance R that pulsewidth exports τ.The circular film is according to semiconductor
The strain variation of two semiconductor gauges in detection unit is divided into normal strain section and negative strain section, with radius 0.63r0
Concentric circles be boundary.
The medicine have the advantages that by the working environment of simulation batteries of electric automobile group, to the number during trial operation
According to being acquired, the performance of battery pack is judged, and use energy recycling system, it is energy saving；In addition, provided by the invention warm and humid
Pressure sensor is spent, elastic element system structure is simple, easy to implement.By the excitation of temperature and pressure difference, isolate temperature and
The response results of pressure.By data operation, temperature and pressure data are decomposited, humidity is further sought, utilizes a kind of sensing
Device has solved various environmental factors, can only acquire a kind of single data compared to traditional sensor, there is biggish improvement.
Detailed description of the invention
Content expressed by this specification attached drawing and the label in figure are briefly described below:
Fig. 1 is the test device structural block diagram of a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of foil gauge in the sensor of a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the sensor of a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the diagram of strains of the foil gauge of a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the sensor operating principles structural block diagram of a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the signal flow block diagram of the sensor of a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the pulse width signal conversion circuit figure of a specific embodiment of the invention.
1 is U-shaped support in figure, and 2 be cavity, and 3 be diaphragm, and 4 be semiconductor gauge Rε1, 5 be semiconductor gauge Rε2。
Specific embodiment
Below against attached drawing, by the description of the embodiment, for example related each component of a specific embodiment of the invention
Shape, construction, the mutual alignment between each section and connection relationship, the effect of each section and working principle, manufacturing process and
Operate with method etc., is described in further detail, to help those skilled in the art to inventive concept of the invention, technology
Scheme has more complete, accurate and deep understanding.
Batteries of electric automobile performance testing device provided by the invention simulates electric vehicle week using temperature and humidity control system
The temperature and humidity in collarette border changes；The various road conditions under physical condition are simulated with vibration mechine；Using drive system of electric motor vehicle
As the charge and discharge platform of power battery, use big motor as the discharge load and energy recycling system of tested power battery；And
It is acquired by data and obtains associated control parameters.Data acquisition content of the invention includes: motor speed, torque, circuit time
The signals such as road electric current, tested assembled battery total voltage, temperature, humidity.
Main thought of the invention is: batteries of electric automobile performance testing device of the invention includes Temperature and Humidity Control system
System, vibration mechine, battery driven system, discharge load and energy recycling system and data collection system, by power electric
Pond group is placed on vibration mechine, and the temperature and humidity of power battery pack surrounding enviroment, power are controlled by temperature and humidity control system
Battery pack powering load, is recovered energy by energy recycling system, in this process, data collection system acquisition characteristics ginseng
Amount.
Temperature and humidity control system includes temperature and humidity control box and temperature and humidity measurement sensor, and temperature and humidity control box includes examination
Tryoff, heating equipment, refrigeration equipment and humidification apparatus control the variation of different temperatures and humidity, realize to power battery pack work
Make the control of environmental factor.Heating equipment is to generate heat in closed chamber after resistance wire is conductive, realizes the liter of temperature
It is high.Refrigeration equipment uses vapour compression refrigeration, and principle is the evaporation endothermic using liquid such as freon from object to be cooled
It absorbs heat and realizes refrigeration.Humidification apparatus is to carry out heating using the electrothermal tube of water pond power to generate steam, and then steam enters test
In case, so that the air wetting in case.
Vibration mechine include shake table stage body, power amplifier, vibration controller, cooling blower, signal generator and
DC excitation power, vibration mechine are by the way that carrying object to be placed in magnetic field, and signal generator generates alternating signal, through power amplifier
After amplification, it is input to moving-coil, it and magnetic fields are the power F for generating an alternation, push the movement of shake table stage body.Power amplification
Device is will to amplify from the low-power level signal of signal source, supplies the driving power of enough " undistorted " power of driving coil,
Flow through driving coil, the electric current of magnet exciting coil cause conductor resistance be lost and generate heat, conductor in driving coil alternating magnetic field because
Eddy-current loss and generate heat, therefore, it is necessary to take cooling provision, the present invention using cooling blower by way of air blast cooling come to
Conductor cooling.
Batteries of electric automobile group drive system includes drive motor and electric machine controller, and drive motor controller is frequency conversion
Device should not be used since the efficiency and revolving speed of direct current generator are relatively low in more dirt, humidity, inflammable and explosive environment, commutation
Device is difficult in maintenance, is difficult to develop to large capacity, at high speed, and direct current generator price is high, volume and weight is big, the present invention drives electricity
Machine use alternating current generator, alternating current generator have small in size, light weight, high-efficient, speed-regulating range width, high reliablity, it is cheap,
Convenience easy to maintenance, is widely applied on electric car.When electric car slows down or brakes, driving motor is in hair
Electric braking state, charges the battery, and realizes the conversion of mechanical energy to electric energy.
Discharge load and energy recycling system include controllable load motor, load motor controller, load motor cooling system
Device, energy storage battery, charger, the present invention use big motor as load, and and electric machine controller, energy storage battery instrument
Controllable load system is formed, realizes the recycling to power battery energy using generator principle.Load motor is by the energy of recycling
It is stored on energy storage battery.The power supply of load motor does not directly take electricity from power grid, but as the driving motor of electric vehicle,
It is powered using dc-battery；Energy storage battery serves not only as the power supply source of load motor, while the energy that also load motor is recycled
Amount stores.In analogue system operation, due to the loss of load motor and driving motor, the total energy of whole system can be got over
Come fewer, final system will be unable to operate normally.It is equipped with a high-power charger, load is charged to energy storage battery.
Battery management system is to improve making for battery for carrying out security monitoring and effectively management to cell battery pack
With efficiency, increase its service life, reduce the purpose of operating cost, further increases the important guarantor of the reliability of battery pack
Card.Battery management system divides battery management unit and battery control unit.Battery management unit is mainly responsible for internal battery pack list
Proportionality action between the acquisition and internal battery pack temperature and each single battery of the voltage of batteries, avoids result in individual monomers
The overtension of battery is too low, guarantees the consistency of multiple single batteries in battery pack, guarantees the service life of battery pack.Electricity
Pond administrative unit carries out data exchange by CAN communication and battery control unit.Battery control unit is responsible for managing all batteries
Administrative unit acquires the total voltage and total current of battery pack, carries out data processing, SOC and SOH estimation, passes through CAN bus and meter
Calculation machine carries out data exchange.
Data collection system includes encoder, current sensor, torque sensor, voltage sensor, and encoder is measurement
The sensor of motor speed, it, which is worked out signal (such as bit stream) or data, being converted to can be used to communicates, transimission and storage
Signal form equipment.Current sensor uses Hall current sensor, for acquiring the charging and discharging currents of battery pack；Torque
Sensor uses international advanced elastic strain Principle of surveying sensor, and signal output and energy importing are all made of contactless
Formula transfer mode；Sensor is when measuring forward and reverse torque, and without being commutated and being returned to zero, setting sensor signal, which exports, is adopted
With various ways (frequency, analog quantity, bus mode) sensor signal output it is adjusted after can be directly entered acquisition system；Due to
The total voltage that electric vehicle needs is 500V or so, and the input range of analog acquisition card is 0~10V, therefore is become using voltage
Device is sent to carry out collection voltages data.
Temperature Humidity Sensor provided by the invention is isolated corresponding conversion from a variety of motivators using analytic method and rung
It answers, devises a kind of Temperature Humidity Sensor being made of flexible sheet and U-shaped support, form one between flexible sheet and U-shaped support
A dry air seal chamber, the center of circle in diaphragm appearance and the suitable position by periphery are respectively configured with a semiconductor gauge.
A variety of excitation informations in air are received with this device, after quadratic transformation and signal processing, so that it may obtain temperature, phase
To data informations such as humidity and atmospheric pressure.The device is without the time lag length of traditional dew cell, unstability and is difficult to safeguard guarantor
Feeding problem is able to maintain conversion accuracy and long-time stability in harsh environment, and convenient for safeguarding.Temperature and humidity sensing of the invention
Device uses strain resistor sensor only to convert a variety of atmospheric condition parameters compared to traditional Temperature Humidity Sensor and realize list
One sensitive structure has the design method of a variety of conversion functions.
The Temperature Humidity Sensor includes semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit and signal processing unit, semiconductor
Semiconductor gauge R there are two being set in detection unitε1And Rε2Being mounted on radius is r0Circular film on, semiconductor gauge by
Piezoresistance change output resistance response, two times transfer unit receive semiconductor detection unit output signal, by resistance ring
Induction signal is converted to pulse width signal, and the output signal of signal processing unit Decoupling Analysis two times transfer unit isolates temperature, phase
To humidity and atmospheric pressure data.
In the semiconductor detection unit, two semiconductor gauges resistance delta number for respectively generating under air pressure excitation
It is worth identical, positive and negative on the contrary, one of semiconductor gauge is mounted on center location, another semiconductor gauge is mounted on half
Diameter 0.89r0Concentric circles position on.The two times transfer unit include two identical pulse signal conversion circuits, one
Semiconductor gauge is correspondingly connected with a pulse signal conversion circuit, and pulse signal conversion circuit includes 555 timers, resistance R
It is connected between No. 2 pins of 555 timers and No. 3 pins with capacitor C, resistance R, capacitor C is connected to No. 2 of 555 timers
On pin, No. 2 pins and No. 6 pins are shorted, and No. 3 pins and No. 7 pins are shorted, No. 7 pin output pulse widths of 555 timers
It is signally attached to signal processing unit.The pulse width conversion formula of the pulse signal conversion circuit is τ=ln2CR, τ in formula
For output pulse width, R is the resistance in circuit, and C is mica standard capacitor, and it is directly proportional to respective institute connecting resistance R that pulsewidth exports τ.Institute
Circular film is stated to be divided into normal strain section according to the strain variation of two semiconductor gauges in semiconductor detection unit and bear
Section is strained, with radius 0.63r0Concentric circles be boundary.GPS unit and atmospheric pressure numerical value are equipped in the signal processing unit
Table, GPS unit are connected to the longitude and latitude for being used to alignment sensor installation point on signal processing unit, inquire the atmospheric pressure of installation point
Numerical value.Filament saturation water vapor partial pressure table is equipped in the signal processing unit, signal processing unit calls corresponding using temperature
Saturation vapour partial pressure value.The Temperature Humidity Sensor includes cylindrical U-shaped support 1, and U-shaped support 1 is arranged in circular film 3
Upper surface, circular film 3 select brass diaphragm, and air seal chamber 2, two semiconductors are equipped between U-shaped support 1 and brass diaphragm
Foil gauge (including 4 and 5) is mounted on the surface of brass diaphragm.
Difference of the signal processing unit using steam partial pressure and sensitive resistance in atmosphere, the arteries and veins after quadratic transformation
Wide and its directly proportional to the difference of the counting of frequency always, the sum of atmospheric temperature and counting of sensing element are in the corresponding letter of monodrome
Number relationship, calculates differential pressure value suffered by foil gauge, steam partial pressure value and temperature value.The signal processing unit is full using temperature
With water vapor partial pressure table, corresponding saturation vapour partial pressure value is called using temperature value, is calculated relatively according to the formula of relative humidity
Humidity.
The specific detection method is as follows for Temperature Humidity Sensor detection module of the invention: Step 1: connection installation sensor
Circuit；Step 2: the installation site of two semiconductor gauges of adjustment, produces two semiconductor gauges by air pressure incentive action
Raw resistance delta is equal, positive and negative opposite；Step 3: the resistance change of semiconductor gauge be input to two times transfer unit into
Row pulse width conversion, output pulse width signal；Step 4: signal processing unit receives the pulse width signal of two times transfer unit output, benefit
Variable quantity, temperature and the steam partial pressure data of semiconductor gauge are analyzed with Dalton's law, foil gauge principle and analytic method,
Calculate the relative humidity and atmospheric value of tested point.
The signal processing unit utilizes the difference of steam partial pressure and sensitive resistance semiconductor gauge in atmosphere, through two
Secondary transformed pulsewidth and its, atmospheric temperature and the counting of sensitive resistance the sum of directly proportional to the difference of the counting of frequency always
Logarithm inversely, calculate differential pressure value Δ P, steam partial pressure P suffered by foil gaugeWWith temperature value t.The signal processing
Unit utilizes filament saturation water vapor partial pressure table, corresponding saturation vapour partial pressure value is called according to temperature value, according to relative humidity
FormulaRelative humidity is calculated, in formulaFor relative humidity, PWSFor the saturation in atmospheric pressure at a certain temperature
Water vapor partial pressure power.Temperature Humidity Sensor of the invention is hereafter described in detail by the derivation of equation and detects temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure value
Process.One, atmospheric condition parameter
Dalton's law points out that the gross pressure of hybrid atmospheric is equal to the sum of the partial pressure of each composition gas, such as formula (1) institute
Show:
PM=Pd+PW(Pa) (1)
P in formulaMIt (Pa) is the gross pressure of mixed gas, PdIt (Pa) is the partial pressure of dry atmosphere, PWIt (Pa) is institute in air
Containing water vapor partial pressure, wherein PWIn PMLion's share is accounted for, is 5% or so, therefore PMAnd PdPressure relatively normal atmosphere
Pressure.
Relative humidityFormula are as follows:
In formulaIndicate relative humidity, PWSAt a certain temperature for atmospheric pressure, saturation vapour partial pressure (Pa), it is with temperature
And becomes, can be tabled look-up by known temperature or acquired by regression fit curvilinear equation.It can be obtained by formula (1), if can be surveyed by instrument
Differential pressure P outM-Pd, P can be calculatedW, then with measured temperature, looked in density of moist air, water vapour pressure, the water capacity table of comparisons
To PWS, relative humidity can be calculated by formula (2)
Two, foil gauge and its transfer characteristic
In sensor foil gauge scheme of installation as shown in Fig. 2, sensor structural schematic diagram as shown in figure 3, strain
The transfer characteristic and Strain Distribution of piece are as shown in Figure 4.Temperature Humidity Sensor is cylindrical-shaped structure, and shell includes U-shaped support 1 and circle
Shape diaphragm 3, circular film 3 are covered on U-shaped support 1, form an air seal chamber 3, two semiconductor strains therebetween
Piece is mounted on circular film 3, and the resistance variations by measuring semiconductor gauge calculate Temperature Humidity Sensor installation environment
In temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure data.
Hybrid atmospheric presses PMStepless action is in the outer surface of flexible sheet, the then differential pressure of diaphragm two sides are as follows:
Δ P=PM- Pre=PW+Pd- Pre(Pa) (3)
P in formulare=4104It (Pa) is the reference pressure set in seal chamber, standard atmospheric pressure value is Pd=101325
(Pa), so as to calculating water vapor partial pressure power P in atmosphereW(Pa)。
Under differential pressure Δ P effect, the distribution of membrane surface upper stress and strain is shown below:
Radial stress:
Radial strain:
In formula (4) and (5), the present invention selects the preferable brass diaphragm of elasticity, and E (Pa) is membrane flexive modulus, about 7*
1010Pa, μ are Poisson's ratio, about 0.33, r0For the outer radius 40 (mm) of circular film 3, h is the diaphragm thickness of circular film 3
0.1 (mm), b are the thickness 5 (mm) of U-shaped support 1, and the height of U-shaped support 1 is 10 (mm), and Δ P is the difference for acting on diaphragm two sides
It presses (Pa), r (mm) is the radius of foil gauge position.
If known constant is substituted into (4) formula, circumferential stress σ can be obtainedR=0=8*104*ΔP(Pa) (6)。
The sensitivity coefficient K of foil gaugeεWith shown in transfer characteristic such as formula (7):
R in formula0For t=0 DEG C and εrSheet resistance (Ω) is strained when=0, KεAbout 125, Δ RεIt is then foil gauge in εrExcitation
The variable quantity (Ω) of lower resistance can obtain (6) formula substitution (7):
If by E=7*1010Pa substitutes into formula it is found that the relative resistance change that foil gauge can be output, under maximum range
Only 10-2Magnitude, therefore quadratic transformation and signal processing circuit need to be added in a device, to obtain required sensitivity and resolution
Power.
Three, quadratic transformation and signal transmit process
Working principle structural block diagram is as shown in figure 5, Temperature Humidity Sensor includes semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer list
Member, signal processing unit are set in semiconductor detection unit there are two semiconductor gauge, and semiconductor gauge is occurred by piezoresistance
Change output resistance response, the output end of semiconductor detection unit connects two times transfer unit, and the reception of two times transfer unit is partly led
Electrical response signal is converted to pulse width signal by the output signal of body detection unit, two times transfer unit, two times transfer unit
Output end connection signal processing unit, the output signal of signal processing unit Decoupling Analysis two times transfer unit.
Signal flow block diagram is as shown in fig. 6, two times transfer unit includes two identical pulse signal conversion circuits, pulse
Signal conversion circuit is made of 555 timer C1 and C2, and two times transfer unit and signal processing unit are additionally provided with gating switch, choosing
It is switched with C3, signal processing unit is mainly organized as C4 single-chip microcontroller.R in Fig. 6ε1And Rε2In PWUnder t excitation, respectively generate not
Same R1And R2Response, they respectively generate τ after C1, C2 chip 555 of two identical pulse signal conversion circuits converts1
And τ2(S) pulsewidth exports, which send to C4 single-chip microcontroller again after C3 switching gate and carry out signal processing.Pulse signal turns
Circuit is changed as shown in fig. 7, resistance R is connected between No. 2 pins of C timer 555 and No. 3 pins, it is fixed that capacitor C is connected to 555
When device No. 2 pins on, No. 2 pins and No. 6 pins are shorted, and No. 3 pins and No. 7 pins are shorted, No. 7 pins of 555 timers
Output pulse width is signally attached to signal processing unit.Resistance and output arteries and veins due to the difference of foil gauge, in two impulse circuits
Width can use R1And R2、τ1And τ2It indicates.
Pulse width conversion formula: τ=ln2CR (S) corresponds to two pulse signal conversion circuits i.e. are as follows:
τ1=ln2C0·R1(S) (9)
τ2=ln2C0·R2(S) (10)
τ in formula1And τ2For the corresponding two-way pulsewidth output signal of two semiconductor gauges, R1And R2For semiconductor strain
The increased resistance value measurement unit of piece is Ω, C0It (F) is mica standard capacitor, about 0.72 × 10-6F, above formula show that pulsewidth is defeated
Out with respective institute connecting resistance R1And R2It is directly proportional.
Four, in multifactor input, the decoupling processing of response is synthesized
In τ1And τ2In be implied with water vapor partial pressure PWWith two kinds of information of temperature t, how to allow it in subsequent Data processing
Separation need to be realized information separation and be restored by data decoupler technology.
R1And R2Resistance variations formula are as follows:
R in formula0=1000 Ω are benchmark resistance；B=4850 (K) is the resistance temperature coefficient of semiconductor gauge；T0=273 (K)
For reference temperature(TR)；T (K) is input temp；ΔRε1With Δ Rε2Respectively R1And R2The electricity respectively generated under atmospheric pressure excitation
Hinder increment.By above two formula it is found that as can allowing Δ Rε1With Δ Rε2Numerical value is identical, but positive and negative on the contrary, i.e. (11) and (12) formula can
Become:
Above two formula is subtracted each other or is added, so that it may isolate PWWith two kinds of input information of t, that is, R1+R2=f when being addedt(T),
With R1-R2=f when subtracting each otherε(PW), i.e., and with the result of difference only corresponded with single input information, Δ Rε1=-Δ Rε2=Δ
Rε。
Referring to fig. 2, entire diaphragm outer surface is under differential pressure Δ P effect, with radius r=0.63r0For boundary, divide into positive and negative
Two strain regions.By center of circle part, inner circle is positive the area ε, and is then negative the area ε by periphery excircle part, in the suitable of this two regions
On position, it can find that ε numerical value is equal but opposite polarity two points, one is in the center point, r1=0, and another point passes through (5) formula
It is calculated as r2=0.89r0Place.The identical semiconductor gauge of two piece performances is configured in this two o'clock, and allows its center and diaphragm
Upper reference point is overlapped, and is then achieved that the quantitative relationship of formula (13) and (14).
Formula (13) plus formula (14) are obtained
ε information has been eliminated in above formula to (R1+R2) quantitative interference, however R1And R2It is respectively coupled to 555 chips
In charge-discharge circuit, therefore can not be by R1And R2It is directly added, need to just handle at this time by data operation to realize.If allowing pulsewidth
τ1And τ2To clock frequency f in single-chip microcontroller0It counts, then has count value N1And N2Are as follows:
N1=τ1·f0 (16)
N2=τ2·f0 (17)
τ1+τ2=(N1+N2)/f0(S) (18)
Simultaneous above formula, and can be obtained by arrangement:
Celsius temperature: t=T-273 (DEG C) (20)
Each constant coefficient is in R in formula0=1000 Ω, C0=7.2*10-6F and f0It is calculated under the conditions of=10MHZ.From R1With
R2Two times transfer information in isolate strain and steam partial pressure PWEtc. information, (13) formula is subtracted into (14) formula, can be obtained
R1-R2=2 Δ Rε=2R0Kε·ε(Ω) (21)
Recycle τ1-τ2=(N1-N2)/f0(5), the simultaneous such as (9), (10) formula, it is collated to obtain,
Δ P=10 (N1-N2)(Pa) (22)
Formula (19) and (22) are two kinds of input-output characteristic equations of sensor, have enough sensitivity and divide
Distinguish power.It is knownP in formulaWSIt can be tabled look-up by temperature t or following regression equations calculate,
PWS=aEXP (bt) (Pa) (23)
A is 6.16 (Pa) in formula, and b is that 0.064 (1/ DEG C) is fitting constant, then
PWS=6.16EXP (0.064t) (Pa) (24)
Atmospheric pressure is not a definite value, is had differences with the difference of landing pit height above sea level, while also with season temperature
Degree changes and slight change, to PWCalculating can be described approximatively with following formula:
PW=Δ P+Pre-Bf(T)+h·8.76(Pa) (25)
H is local height above sea level (m) in formula, and coefficient 8.76 (Pa/m) is atmospheric pressure attenuation slope, and f (T) is temperature adjustmemt
Coefficient can be estimated by the matched curve of measured data of experiment.Due to being in coastal area winter summer air pressure change ratio
1.02, and be only 1.0026 in Qinghai Area winter Charpy.Decline with temperature and is increased slightly.Therefore it ought not consider the small shadow of temperature
It rings, and at coastal area, formula (25) can simplify are as follows:
PW=Δ P+ (Pre- B)=10 (N1-N2)+(Pre-B)(Pa) (26)
The theoretical basis of resolving of the present invention first is that standard atmospheric pressure be constant, actual atmospheric pressure is with local height above sea level
Height and becomes, when device territory of use height above sea level with it is larger referring to difference in height when, P in formula (3)dIt should be given by software
Correction, to maintain the data conversion precision of water vapor partial pressure power.So the present invention is equipped with GPS unit and big in signal processing unit
Air pressure numerical tabular, GPS unit are connected to the longitude and latitude for being used to alignment sensor installation point on signal processing unit, inquire installation point
Atmospheric pressure numerical value, that is, sensor in the intracavitary partial pressure of dry air, water in the calculated atmosphere of binding signal processing unit
Partial vapour pressure force value, and then utilize formula (1): PM=Pd+PW(Pa) pressure value of hybrid atmospheric, the i.e. pressure of installation point are calculated
Force value.
So far, the numerical value of temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure, which can calculate to solve, comes, and temperature and humidity provided by the invention passes
Sensor has structure simple, easy to implement.Obtained in the present invention through analytic method: in atmosphere steam partial pressure and sensitive resistance it
The difference of difference, i.e., the pulsewidth after quadratic transformation and its counting to frequency always, it is directly proportional, and atmospheric temperature then with sensitivity
The logarithm of the sum of the counting of element is inversely.The theoretical basis of resolving of the present invention is that physical atmosphere is constant, real
The atmospheric pressure on border becomes with local height above sea level, when device territory of use height above sea level and it is larger referring to difference in height when, Ying Tong
It crosses software to be corrected, to maintain the data conversion precision of water vapor partial pressure power.
The present invention is exemplarily described above in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that the present invention implements not by aforesaid way
Limitation, as long as the improvement for the various unsubstantialities that the inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention carry out is used, or without changing
It is within the scope of the present invention into the conception and technical scheme of the invention are directly applied to other occasions.This hair
Bright protection scope should be determined by the scope of protection defined in the claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of batteries of electric automobile performance testing device, which is characterized in that including temperature and humidity control system, vibration mechine,
Battery driven system, discharge load and energy recycling system and data collection system, battery pack are placed on vibration mechine, are led to
It crosses battery driven system to power to discharge load and energy recycling system, data collection system acquires the feature in discharge process
Parameter, the temperature and humidity control system control the temperature and humidity of battery pack environment in discharge process, the Temperature and Humidity Control system
System include temperature and humidity control box and Temperature Humidity Sensor, temperature and humidity control box include chamber, heating equipment, refrigeration equipment and
Humidification apparatus；The Temperature Humidity Sensor includes semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit and signal processing unit, semiconductor
Detection unit includes two semiconductor gauge Rε1(4) and Rε2(5), semiconductor gauge Rε1(4) and Rε2(5) being located at radius is
r0Circular film (3) on, circular film (3) is located on U-shaped support (1), formed between diaphragm (3) and U-shaped support (1) one it is dry
Dry air seal chamber (2), two semiconductor gauges are by under the pressure difference and Temperature Excitation effect inside and outside diaphragm (3)
Electrical response signal is converted to pulse width signal by output resistance response, two times transfer unit, and signal processing unit passes through data solution
Coupling isolates temperature, pressure and relative humidity data；The semiconductor gauge Rε1(4) it is arranged in center location, Rε2(5)
It is arranged in diaphragm (3) 0.89r0Circle on, two semiconductor gauges resistance delta numerical value for respectively generating under air pressure excitation
It is identical, it is positive and negative opposite.
2. batteries of electric automobile performance testing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the battery driven system
System includes driving motor and drive motor controller, and drive motor controller controls battery pack and powers to driving motor.
3. batteries of electric automobile performance testing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the data collection system
Including encoder, current sensor, torque sensor, voltage sensor, the driving motor turn during battery power discharge is acquired
Speed, torque and discharge voltage and electric current.
4. batteries of electric automobile performance testing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the discharge load and energy
Amount recovery system includes load motor, load motor controller and load motor cooling device, energy storage battery and charger,
Load motor controller controls load motor and charges to energy storage battery, and load motor cooling device cools down to load motor,
Charger connects energy storage battery.
5. batteries of electric automobile performance testing device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the test device is also wrapped
Battery management system is included, battery management system includes battery management unit and battery control unit, and battery management unit adjusts each
Balance charge/discharge between single battery, battery control unit control the acquisition of assembled battery total voltage and total current.
6. batteries of electric automobile performance testing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the two times transfer unit
Including two identical pulse signal conversion circuits, a semiconductor gauge is correspondingly connected with a pulse signal conversion circuit,
Pulse signal conversion circuit include 555 timers, resistance R and capacitor C, resistance R be connected to 555 timers No. 2 pins and No. 3
Between pin, capacitor C is connected on No. 2 pins of 555 timers, and No. 2 pins and No. 6 pins are shorted, and No. 3 pins and No. 7 are drawn
Foot is shorted, No. 7 pin output pulse width signals of 555 timers to signal processing unit.
7. batteries of electric automobile performance testing device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the pulse signal conversion
The pulse width conversion formula of circuit is τ=ln2CR, and τ is output pulse width in formula, and R is the received semiconductor gauge of circuit
Electrical response value, C are mica standard capacitor, and it is directly proportional to respective institute connecting resistance R that pulsewidth exports τ.
8. batteries of electric automobile performance testing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the circular film (3)
It is divided into normal strain section and negative strain section according to the strain variation of two semiconductor gauges in semiconductor detection unit, with
Radius 0.63r0Concentric circles be boundary.
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| CN107045103B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2020-02-04 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing service life of power battery of electric automobile |
| CN106769091A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | The detecting system of electric automobile power battery system |
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| CN109683090A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-04-26 | 江苏金派克新能源有限公司 | A kind of charging and discharging lithium battery analog platform |
| CN110687465B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-11-09 | 北京海博思创科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack health state detection system and test method |
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