CN105752021B - A kind of vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control system - Google Patents
A kind of vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105752021B CN105752021B CN201610169255.XA CN201610169255A CN105752021B CN 105752021 B CN105752021 B CN 105752021B CN 201610169255 A CN201610169255 A CN 201610169255A CN 105752021 B CN105752021 B CN 105752021B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/24—Devices purely for ventilating or where the heating or cooling is irrelevant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/08—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at vehicle sides
- B60J1/12—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at vehicle sides adjustable
- B60J1/16—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at vehicle sides adjustable slidable
- B60J1/17—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at vehicle sides adjustable slidable vertically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control systems, including window control circuit and control circuit of blower, further include the outer temperature sensor of vehicle, decibel sensor, humiture pressure sensor and controller, the outer temperature sensor of vehicle, decibel sensor and humiture pressure sensor detect the temperature outside vehicle respectively, interior sound decibel value and the temperature of car, humidity and pressure data, and it is sent to controller, controller is to uploading Data Analysis Services, during more than predetermined threshold value, windowed signal and air blower enabling signal are sent to window control circuit and control circuit of blower, the power circuit of the controller is connected when automotive ignition key is pulled up.Integrated temperature of the present invention, humidity and pressure information, judge environment inside car situation, and the evil that children are detained in the car is avoided to omit under environment, occur unexpected dangerous.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automotive safety control fields, and in particular to a kind of vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control system.
Background technology
Due to economic fast development, China has been carried out the universalness of automobile, and each family is while car is purchased
Also glass for vehicle window pad pasting, the automobile after pad pasting, it will be difficult to see interior situation from the outside can be given.In China, can all occur every year
Few part parent stays in children in vehicle, and when parent leaves vehicle, and all glasss for vehicle window, which will rise up, to be come, and car door also will lock
Good, entire car, in addition, the design of Hyundai Motor door lock is all to prevent children from opening, works as parent into a closed space
When finding child again, child may lose life, and huge grief is brought to numerous families.
It is breakneck situation that children, which are individually stayed in vehicle, will be more dangerous when summer, according to a research
Project finds that, when temperature reaches 35 DEG C, sunlight 15 minutes, the temperature in closure compartment is with regard to that can rise to 65 DEG C, in this way
Environment in treat half an hour just can it is fatal, since child development is not complete, self supporting capacity is weak, body temperature rise, in vivo
The speed of moisture loss is fast more than adult, and respiratory system and temperature capacity are also not so good as adult, therefore inner at " boxcar "
" thermoplegia " easily occurs.This disease refers to that the body temperature regulatory function caused by high temperature is lacked of proper care, internal excess calories product
It stores, is damaged so as to cause nervous organ, until dead.
At present, this " accident " is constantly occurring, but without finding corresponding patented technology, individually " is lost in children
Stay " in automobile when, help its out of danger.
Invention content
According to more than the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are to propose that a kind of vapour children in vehicles is tight
Anxious escape control system, control system of the present invention will according to circumstances automatically lower the glass of four car doors, be also turned on sky
The air blower of device is adjusted, air blower is allowed to operate, realizes interior ventilation.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control
System processed including window control circuit and control circuit of blower, further includes the outer temperature sensor of vehicle, decibel sensor, warm and humid
Pressure sensor and controller are spent, the outer temperature sensor of vehicle, decibel sensor and humiture pressure sensor are detected outside vehicle respectively
Temperature, interior sound decibel value and car temperature, humidity and pressure data, and be sent to controller, controller pair
Upload Data Analysis Services, during more than predetermined threshold value, to window control circuit and control circuit of blower send windowed signal and
Air blower enabling signal, the power circuit of the controller are connected when automotive ignition key is pulled up.
The Temperature Humidity Sensor includes semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit and signal processing unit, semiconductor
Detection unit includes two semiconductor gauge Rε1And Rε2, semiconductor gauge Rε1And Rε2Radius is located at as r0Circular film
On, circular film is located on U-shaped bearing, a dry air annular seal space is formed between diaphragm and U-shaped bearing, two semiconductors should
Become piece by the pressure differential inside and outside diaphragm and the lower output resistance response of Temperature Excitation effect, two times transfer unit rings resistance
Induction signal is converted to pulse width signal, and signal processing unit isolates temperature, external and internal pressure difference and relative humidity by data decoupler
Data.The semiconductor gauge Rε1It is arranged on center location, Rε2It is arranged on diaphragm 0.89r0Circle on, two semiconductors should
It is identical to become the resistance delta numerical value that piece respectively generates under air pressure excitation, it is positive and negative opposite.The two times transfer unit includes two
Identical pulse signal conversion circuit, a semiconductor gauge are correspondingly connected with a pulse signal conversion circuit, pulse signal
Conversion circuit includes 555 timers, resistance R and capacitance C, resistance R be connected to 555 timers No. 2 pins and No. 3 pins it
Between, capacitance C is connected on No. 2 pins of 555 timers, No. 2 pins and No. 6 pin short circuits, No. 3 pins and No. 7 pin short circuits,
No. 7 pin output pulse width signals of 555 timers are to signal processing unit.The pulse width conversion of the pulse signal conversion circuit is public
Formula is τ=ln2CR, and τ is output pulse width in formula, and R is the electrical response value for the semiconductor gauge that circuit receives, and C is cloud
Female mark pseudo-capacitance, pulsewidth output τ are directly proportional to respective institute connecting resistance R.GPS unit and air are equipped in the signal processing unit
Numerical tabular is pressed, GPS unit is connected to the longitude and latitude for being used for alignment sensor installation point on signal processing unit, inquires installation point
Atmospheric pressure numerical value.Filament saturation water vapor partial pressure table is equipped in the signal processing unit, signal processing unit passes through Current Temperatures
Value calls corresponding saturation vapour partial pressure value.The diaphragm is brass diaphragm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：1. the present invention only just works in the case where car key is pulled up, this control is avoided
Device long-time energization work；2. pass through humiture pressure sensor, interior decibel (noise) sensor, the outer temperature sensor of vehicle
Wait whether comprehensive descisions car there are children to be retained in car, when judging there are children to leave in the car and dangerous situation
When, then all glasss for vehicle window is controlled to decline, air blower work avoids unsafe condition；3. the present invention does not change automobile ECU journey
Sequence does not change former vehicle control structure yet, merely adds the components such as sensor, microcontroller, has and designs simple, easy to implement, property
Can be reliable the features such as.
Description of the drawings
The content expressed by this specification attached drawing and the label in figure are briefly described below：
Fig. 1 is specific embodiment of the invention control system flow chart.
Fig. 2 is specific embodiment of the invention control system circuit figure.
Fig. 3 be the present invention specific embodiment humiture pressure sensor in foil gauge scheme of installation.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the humiture pressure sensor of the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the diagram of strains of the foil gauge of the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the humiture pressure sensor operation principle structure diagram of the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the signal flow block diagram of the humiture pressure sensor of the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the pulse width signal conversion circuit figure of the specific embodiment of the present invention.
In figure, 1, U-shaped bearing, 2, air annular seal space chamber, 3, diaphragm, 4, semiconductor gauge Rε1, 5, semiconductor gauge
Rε2, K is microcontroller power supply switch, and K11 declines control switch for left front glass, and K12 is that right front glass declines control switch, K21
Decline control switch for left back glass, K22 declines control switch for glass behind the right side, and K3 is blower switch, and M11 is left front glass
Lifting motor, M12 are right front glass lifting motor, M21 is left back glass lifting motor, M22 is glass lifting motor, M3 behind the right side
For air blower.
Specific embodiment
Below against attached drawing, by the description of the embodiment, each component that the specific embodiment of the present invention is for example involved
Shape, construction, the mutual alignment and connection relation between each section, the effect of each section and operation principle, manufacturing process and
Operate with method etc., is described in further detail, to help those skilled in the art to inventive concept of the invention, technology
Scheme has more complete, accurate and deep understanding.
This patent proposes a kind of vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control system, and the device is on the basis of former vehicle electrical equipment
On, increase the outer temperature sensor of vehicle, interior decibel (noise) sensor, interior humiture pressure sensor, microcontroller power supply
Switch and controller etc., controller use microcontroller.
The present invention thinking be：
First, microcontroller power supply switch K is closed type, and when automotive ignition key is unplugged, K is to be closed, monolithic
Machine obtains power supply, and control device of the present invention could work；When firing key is not unplugged, K is opened, and microcontroller loses
Power supply, control device of the present invention do not work, and avoid in unwanted, microcontroller energization for a long time.
2nd, the installation of humiture pressure sensor in the car, can measure interior temperature value, pressure value and humidity simultaneously
Value after the output signal of sensor is by pretreatment, is sent into microcontroller.
3rd, when children's coverlet is solely left in the car, children can breathe out a large amount of gas for carrying moisture in calling procedure
Body causes in-vehicle air humidity to increase, while child, during closed interior calling for help, the outer personnel of vehicle may can't hear, but
It is since child's sound is sharp, the decibel value of interior sound is larger, therefore, can be judged by humidity or noise signal interior
Unusual condition.
4th, when automotive ignition key is pulled up, microcontroller obtains power supply, and the present apparatus is devoted oneself to work, as shown in Figure 1,
The vehicle interior temperature that temperature, pressure humidity sensor measures is compared with the temperature that the outer temperature sensor of vehicle measures, when the difference of the two is big
Enter when the temperature threshold of setting in next step, then measure whether interior pressure is more than threshold value by temperature, pressure humidity sensor,
Then enter in next step, then whether in-vehicle air humidity is measured by temperature, pressure humidity sensor if greater than the pressure threshold of setting
More than threshold value, if air humidity also greater than setting humidity threshold when enter in next step, then sensed by interior decibel (noise)
Whether device is more than decibel threshold by the numerical value that measures, and then judges car whether someone is in abnormal call, if judged at this time
Someone is in abnormal call, then this control device judges that children are stranded in the car, and has unusual condition, then microcontroller passes through corresponding
Port allows four glasss for vehicle window to simultaneously decline, air blast to the control unit and air compressor control unit sending signal of four car doors
Machine operates, and vehicle interior temperature is allowed quickly to lower, and the personnel of surrounding is also allowed to hear the sound of call for help for being trapped in children in vehicles, implements rescue,
Unsafe condition is avoided further to occur.
The present invention works as children's " being left " in the car to reach, and the purpose of emergency escape is provided to children, in original vapour
(left front glass declines control switch K11, right front glass declines control switch K12, left back glass declines control on the basis of vehicle component
Glass declines control switch K22, blower switch K3, left front glass lifting motor M11, right front glass liter behind system switch K21, the right side
Glass lifting motor M22, air blower M3 and corresponding control circuit behind drop motor M12, left back glass lifting motor M21, the right side
Deng), increase the outer temperature sensor of vehicle, interior decibel (noise) sensor, humiture pressure sensor, microcontroller power supply switch
K, microcontroller etc..Temperature signal outside vehicle is sent in microcontroller by the outer temperature sensor of vehicle by b1 ports and b2 ports；Car point
Interior voice signal is sent in microcontroller by shellfish (noise) sensor by c1 ports and c2 ports；Humiture pressure sensor leads to
It crosses d1 ports and d2 ports the signals such as in-vehicle air temperature, air pressure and air humidity are sent in microcontroller；Microcontroller is same
When obtain the signals such as the outer temperature sensor of vehicle, interior decibel (noise) sensor, humiture pressure sensor, when having children by family
When growing " forgetting " in the car, if automobile, under the irradiation of external sunlight, interior temperature and pressure will rise, interior at this time
Children will loudly call, and during calling, interior air humidity will increase, and interior sound decibel will also increase, then
Microcontroller is more than the temperature threshold of setting according to vehicle inside and outside temperature difference, interior pressure is more than the pressure threshold, interior of setting
When air humidity is more than the humidity threshold of setting, interior sound decibel is more than the decibel threshold of setting, judge children in the car
Dangerous situation occurs, and microcontroller will be simultaneously emitted by five road signals：
First via signal gives left front glass lifting motor by microcontroller n ports, and left front glass lifting motor control should
When side glass for vehicle window is preferably minimized, the output of microcontroller n ports stop signal, current direction is：Under microcontroller n ports → glass
Control circuit → left front glass lifting motor M11 → power cathode drops；
Second road signal gives right front glass lifting motor by microcontroller m ports, and right front glass lifting motor control should
When side glass for vehicle window is preferably minimized, the output of microcontroller m ports stop signal, current direction is：Under microcontroller m ports → glass
Control circuit → right front glass lifting motor M12 → power cathode drops；
Third road signal gives left back glass lifting motor by microcontroller h ports, and left back glass lifting motor control should
When side glass for vehicle window is preferably minimized, the output of microcontroller h ports stop signal, current direction is：Under microcontroller h ports → glass
Control circuit → left back glass lifting motor M21 → power cathode drops；
4th road signal gives glass lifting motor behind the right side by microcontroller g ports, it is right after glass lifting motor control should
When side glass for vehicle window is preferably minimized, the output of microcontroller g ports stop signal, current direction is：Under microcontroller g ports → glass
Glass lifting motor M22 → power cathode behind drop control circuit → right side；
5th road signal gives the air blower of air-conditioning system by microcontroller f ports, and air blower obtains power supply and operates, gives
Car is sent into fresh air, and current direction is：Microcontroller f ports → air blower M3 → power cathode.
At this point, four window lifting motors obtain power supply, the glass of four vehicle windows of control drops to minimum, the air outside vehicle
Car is blown by vehicle window, in addition air blower obtains power supply and operates, and outside air is forcibly fed into car, interior temperature and
Pressure avoids children from leading to death due to " thermoplegia " since glass for vehicle window lowers the operating with air blower and lowers,
Children's ring tone can also spread out of and (when vehicle window is closed, prevent sound transmission), and surrounding people can implement to succour to children, keep away
The situation for exempting from threat to life occurs.
Car humiture pressure sensor provided by the invention is isolated accordingly using analytic method from a variety of motivators
Transition response, devise a kind of humiture pressure sensor being made of flexible sheet and U-shaped bearing, flexible sheet and U-shaped
A dry air annular seal space is formed between bearing, one and half are respectively configured in the center of circle of diaphragm appearance and by the suitable position on periphery
Conductor foil gauge.A variety of excitation informations in air are received with this device, after quadratic transformation and signal processing, so that it may
Obtain temperature, the data informations such as relative humidity and atmospheric pressure.The device without traditional dew cell time lag is long, unstability and
The problem of being difficult to maintaining can keep conversion accuracy and long-time stability, and convenient for safeguarding in harsh environment.The present invention's
Humiture pressure sensor is only with strain resistor sensor to convert a variety of atmospheric condition parameters, compared to traditional humiture pressure
Force snesor, realizing single sensitive structure has the design method of a variety of conversion functions.
The humiture pressure sensor includes semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit and signal processing unit, partly
Semiconductor gauge R there are two being set in conductor detection unitε1And Rε2It is r mounted on radius0Circular film on, semiconductor strain
Piece by piezoresistance change output resistance response, two times transfer unit receive semiconductor detection unit output signal, will be electric
Resistance response signal is converted to pulse width signal, and the output signal of signal processing unit Decoupling Analysis two times transfer unit isolates temperature
Degree, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure data.
In the semiconductor detection unit, two semiconductor gauges resistance delta number for respectively generating under air pressure excitation
It is worth identical, positive and negative on the contrary, one of semiconductor gauge is mounted on center location, another semiconductor gauge is mounted on half
Diameter 0.89r0Concentric circles position on.The two times transfer unit include two identical pulse signal conversion circuits, one
Semiconductor gauge is correspondingly connected with a pulse signal conversion circuit, and pulse signal conversion circuit includes 555 timers, resistance R
It is connected between No. 2 pins of 555 timers and No. 3 pins with capacitance C, resistance R, capacitance C is connected to No. 2 of 555 timers
On pin, No. 2 pins and No. 6 pin short circuits, No. 3 pins and No. 7 pin short circuits, No. 7 pin output pulse widths of 555 timers are believed
Number it is connected to signal processing unit.The pulse width conversion formula of the pulse signal conversion circuit is τ=ln2CR, and τ is in formula
Output pulse width, R are the resistance in circuit, and C is mica standard capacitance, and pulsewidth output τ is directly proportional to respective institute connecting resistance R.It is described
The strain variation of two semiconductor gauges of the circular film in semiconductor detection unit, which is divided into normal strain section and bears, answers
Become section, with radius 0.63r0Concentric circles be boundary.GPS unit and atmospheric pressure numerical tabular are equipped in the signal processing unit,
GPS unit is connected to the longitude and latitude for being used for alignment sensor installation point on signal processing unit, inquires the atmospheric pressure number of installation point
Value.Filament saturation water vapor partial pressure table is equipped in the signal processing unit, signal processing unit calls corresponding full using temperature
With water vapor partial pressure value.The integrated temperature relative humidity sensor is arranged on cylindrical U-shaped bearing 1, and circular film 3 is set
In the upper surface of U-shaped bearing 1, circular film 3 selects brass diaphragm, and air annular seal space is equipped between U-shaped bearing 1 and brass diaphragm
2, two semiconductor gauges are mounted on the surface of brass diaphragm.
The signal processing unit utilizes the difference of steam partial pressure and sensitive resistance in air, the arteries and veins after quadratic transformation
Wide and its directly proportional to the difference of the counting of frequency always, the sum of atmospheric temperature and the counting of sensing element are in the corresponding letter of monodrome
Number relationship, calculates differential pressure value suffered by foil gauge, steam partial pressure value and temperature value.The signal processing unit is satisfied using temperature
With water vapor partial pressure table, corresponding saturation vapour partial pressure value is called using temperature value, is calculated relatively according to the formula of relative humidity
Humidity.
The specific detection method of the humiture pressure sensor detection module of the present invention is as follows：Step 1: connection installation passes
Sensor circuit；Step 2: the installation site of two semiconductor gauges of adjustment, two semiconductor gauges of confirmation are swashed by air pressure
The resistance delta that strong effect generates is equal, positive and negative opposite；Step 3: the resistance change of semiconductor gauge is input to secondary turn
It changes unit and carries out pulse width conversion, output pulse width signal；Step 4: signal processing unit receives the pulsewidth of two times transfer unit output
Signal utilizes variable quantity, temperature and the vapor point of Dalton's law, foil gauge principle and analytic method analysis semiconductor gauge
Data are pressed, calculate the relative humidity and atmospheric value of tested point.
The signal processing unit utilizes the difference of steam partial pressure and sensitive resistance semiconductor gauge in air, through two
Pulsewidth and its, counting of atmospheric temperature and sensitive resistance the sum of directly proportional to the difference of the counting of frequency always after secondary transformation
Logarithm inversely, calculate differential pressure value Δ P, steam partial pressure P suffered by foil gaugeWWith temperature value t.The signal processing
Unit utilizes filament saturation water vapor partial pressure table, corresponding saturation vapour partial pressure value is called according to temperature value, according to relative humidity
FormulaRelative humidity is calculated, in formulaFor relative humidity, PWSFor the saturation in atmospheric pressure at a certain temperature
Water vapor partial pressure power.The humiture pressure sensor that the present invention is hereafter described in detail by the derivation of equation detects temperature, humidity and air pressure
The process of value.
First, atmospheric condition parameter
Dalton's law points out that the gross pressure of hybrid atmospheric is equal to the sum of partial pressure of each composition gas, such as formula (1) institute
Show：
PM=Pd+PW(Pa) (1)
P in formulaM(Pa) it is the gross pressure of mixed gas, Pd(Pa) it is the partial pressure of dry atmosphere, PW(Pa) it is institute in air
Containing water vapor partial pressure, wherein PWIn PMLion's share is accounted for, is 5% or so, therefore PMWith B pressure relatively standard atmospheric pressure.
Relative humidity(RH%) formula is：
In formulaRepresent relative humidity, PWSFor atmospheric pressure at a certain temperature, saturation vapour partial pressure (Pa), it is with temperature
And become, can be tabled look-up by known temperature or acquired by regression fit curvilinear equation.It can be obtained by formula (1), if can be surveyed by instrument
Go out differential pressure PM-PD, you can calculate PW, then with measured temperature, looked in density of moist air, water vapour pressure, the water capacity table of comparisons
To PWS, can relative humidity be calculated by formula (2)(RH%).
2nd, foil gauge and its transfer characteristic
In sensor foil gauge scheme of installation as shown in figure 3, sensor structure diagram as shown in figure 4, strain
The transfer characteristic and Strain Distribution of piece are as shown in Figure 3.Humiture pressure sensor is cylindrical-shaped structure, and shell includes U-shaped bearing 1
With circular film 3, circular film 3 is covered on U-shaped bearing 1, forms an air annular seal space 2, two semiconductors therebetween
Foil gauge is mounted on circular film 3, and humiture pressure sensor is calculated by the resistance variations for measuring semiconductor gauge
Temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure data in installation environment.
Hybrid atmospheric presses PMStepless action is in the outer surface of flexible sheet, the then differential pressure of diaphragm both sides：
Δ P=PM–Pre=PW+Pd–Pre(Pa) (3)
P in formulare=4104(Pa) it is the reference pressure set in annular seal space, standard atmospheric pressure value is Pd=101325
(Pa), so as to calculating water vapor partial pressure power P in airW(Pa)。
Under differential pressure Δ P effects, the distribution of membrane surface upper stress and strain is shown below：
Radial stress：
Radial strain：
In formula (4) and (5), the present invention selects the preferable brass diaphragm of elasticity, and E (Pa) is membrane flexive modulus, about 7*
1010Pa, μ are Poisson's ratio, about 0.33, r0For the outer radius 40 (mm) of circular film 3, h is the diaphragm thickness of circular film 3
0.1 (mm), b are the thickness 5 (mm) of U-shaped bearing 1, and the height of U-shaped bearing 1 is 10 (mm), and Δ P is the difference for acting on diaphragm both sides
It presses (Pa), r (mm) is the radius of foil gauge position.
If known constant is substituted into (4) formula, circumferential stress σ can be obtainedR=0=8*104*ΔP(Pa) (6)。
The sensitivity coefficient K of foil gaugeεWith transfer characteristic such as formula (7) Suo Shi：
R in formula0For t=0 DEG C and εrSheet resistance (Ω), K are strained when=0εAbout 125, Δ RεThen for foil gauge in εrExcitation
The variable quantity (Ω) of lower resistance can obtain (6) formula substitution (7)：
If by E=7*1010Pa substitutes into formula it is found that the relative resistance change that foil gauge can be output, under maximum range
Only 10-2Magnitude, therefore quadratic transformation and signal processing circuit need to be added in a device, to obtain required sensitivity and resolution
Power.
3rd, quadratic transformation and signal transmission flow
Operation principle structure diagram is as shown in fig. 6, humiture pressure sensor includes semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer
Unit, signal processing unit are set in semiconductor detection unit there are two semiconductor gauge, and semiconductor gauge is sent out by piezoresistance
Changing output resistance responds, and the output terminal connection two times transfer unit of semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit receives half
Electrical response signal is converted to pulse width signal, two times transfer unit by the output signal of conductor detection unit, two times transfer unit
Output terminal connection signal processing unit, the output signal of signal processing unit Decoupling Analysis two times transfer unit.
Signal flow block diagram is as shown in fig. 7, two times transfer unit includes two identical pulse signal conversion circuits, pulse
Signaling conversion circuit is made of 555 timer C1 and C2, and two times transfer unit and signal processing unit are additionally provided with gating switch, choosing
It is switched with C3, signal processing unit is mainly formed as C4 microcontrollers.R in Fig. 7ε1And Rε2In PWUnder being encouraged with t, respectively generate different
R1And R2Response, they respectively generate τ after C1, C2 chip 555 of two identical pulse signal conversion circuits converts1With
τ2(S) pulsewidth exports, which send after C3 switching gates to C4 microcontrollers and carry out signal processing again.Pulse signal is converted
For circuit as shown in figure 8, resistance R is connected between No. 2 pins of C timers 555 and No. 3 pins, capacitance C is connected to 555 timings
On No. 2 pins of device, No. 2 pins and No. 6 pin short circuits, No. 3 pins and No. 7 pin short circuits, No. 7 pins of 555 timers are defeated
Go out pulse width signal and be connected to signal processing unit.Due to the difference of foil gauge, resistance and output pulse width in two impulse circuits
R can be used1And R2、τ1And τ2It represents.
Pulse width conversion formula：τ=ln2CR (S) corresponds to two pulse signal conversion circuits：
τ1=ln2C0·R1(S) (9)
τ2=ln2C0·R2(S) (10)
τ in formula1And τ2For the corresponding two-way pulsewidth output signal of two semiconductor gauges, R1And R2For semiconductor strain
The increased resistance value measurement unit of piece is Ω, C0(F) it is mica standard capacitance, about 0.72 × 10-6F, above formula show that pulsewidth is defeated
Go out and respective institute connecting resistance R1And R2It is directly proportional.
4th, in multifactor input, the decoupling processing of response is synthesized
In τ1And τ2In be implied with water vapor partial pressure PWWith two kinds of information of temperature t, it how is allowed in subsequent Data processing
Separation need to be realized information separation and be restored by data decoupler technology.
R1And R2Resistance variations formula is：
R in formula0Resistance on the basis of=1000 Ω；B=4850 (K) is the resistance temperature coefficient of semiconductor gauge；T0=273 (K)
For reference temperature(TR)；T (K) is input temp；ΔRε1With Δ Rε2Respectively R1And R2The electricity respectively generated under atmospheric pressure excitation
Hinder increment.By above two formula it is found that as can allowing Δ Rε1With Δ Rε2Numerical value is identical, but positive and negative on the contrary, i.e. (11) and (12) formula is variable
Into：
Above two formula is subtracted each other or is added, so that it may isolate PWWith two kinds of input information of t, that is, R1+R2=f when being addedt(T),
With R1-R2=f when subtracting each otherε(PW), i.e., and with the result of difference only corresponded with single input information, Δ Rε1=-Δ Rε2=Δ
Rε。
Referring to Fig. 1, entire diaphragm outer surface is under differential pressure Δ P effects, with radius r=0.63r0For boundary, divide into positive and negative
Two strain regions.By center of circle part inner circle Wei Zheng ε areas, and periphery excircle part then Wei Fu ε areas are leaned on, in the suitable of this two regions
On position, it can find that ε numerical value is equal but opposite polarity two points, one is in circle centre position, r1=0, and another point passes through (5) formula
It is calculated as r2=0.89r0Place.The identical semiconductor gauge of two piece performances is configured on this 2 points, and allows on its center and diaphragm
Reference point overlaps, and is then achieved that formula (13) and the quantitative relationship of (14).
Formula (13) plus formula (14) are obtained
ε information has been eliminated in above formula to (R1+R2) quantitative interference, however R1And R2It is respectively coupled to 555 chips
In charge-discharge circuit, therefore can not be by R1And R2It is directly added, need to just be realized at this time by data operation processing.If allow pulsewidth
τ1And τ2To clock frequency f in microcontroller0It counts, then has count value N1And N2For：
N1=τ1·f0 (16)
N2=τ2·f0 (17)
τ1+τ2=(N1+N2)/f0(S) (18)
Simultaneous above formula, and can be obtained by arrangement：
Celsius temperature：T=T-273 (DEG C) (20)
Each constant coefficient is in R in formula0=1000 Ω, C0=7.2*10-6F and f0It is calculated under the conditions of=10MHZ.From R1With
R2Two times transfer information in isolate strain and steam partial pressure PWEtc. information, (13) formula is subtracted into (14) formula, can be obtained
R1-R2=2 Δs Rε=2R0Kε·ε(Ω) (21)
Recycle τ1-τ2=(N1-N2)/f0(5), the simultaneous such as (9), (10) formula, it is collated to obtain,
Δ P=10 (N1-N2)(Pa) (22)
Formula (19) and (22) are two kinds of input-output characteristic equations of sensor, have enough sensitivity and divide
Distinguish power.It is knownP in formulaWSCan by temperature t through table look-up or following regression equations calculate,
PWS=aEXP (bt) (Pa) (23)
A is 6.16 (Pa) in formula, and b is that 0.064 (1/ DEG C) is fitting constant, then
PWS=6.16EXP (0.064t) (Pa) (24)
Atmospheric pressure is not a definite value, is had differences, while also with season temperature with the difference of landing pit height above sea level
Degree changes and slight change, to PWCalculating can be described approx with following formula：
PW=Δ P+Pre-Bf(T)+h·8.76(Pa) (25)
H is local height above sea level (m) in formula, and coefficient 8.76 (Pa/m) is atmospheric pressure attenuation slope, and f (T) is temperature adjustmemt
Coefficient can pass through the matched curve of measured data of experiment and be estimated.Due to being in coastal area winter summer air pressure change ratio
1.02, and be only 1.0026 in Qinghai Area winter Charpy.Decline with temperature and be increased slightly.Therefore it ought not consider the small shadow of temperature
It rings, and at coastal area, formula (25) can be reduced to：
PW=Δ P+ (Pre- B)=10 (N1-N2)+(Pre-B)(Pa) (26)
One of theoretical foundation of resolving of the present invention is that standard atmospheric pressure is constant, and practical atmospheric pressure is with local height above sea level
Height and becomes, when device territory of use height above sea level and it is larger with reference to difference in height when, P in formula (3)dIt should be given by software
Correction, to maintain the data conversion precision of water vapor partial pressure power.So the present invention is equipped with GPS unit and big in signal processing unit
Air pressure numerical tabular, GPS unit are connected to the longitude and latitude for being used for alignment sensor installation point on signal processing unit, inquire installation point
Atmospheric pressure numerical value, that is, sensor in dry air intracavitary partial pressure, water in the air that binding signal processing unit calculates
Partial vapour pressure force value, and then utilize formula (1)：PM=Pd+PW(Pa) pressure of the pressure value of hybrid atmospheric, i.e. installation point is calculated
Force value.
So far, the numerical value of temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure, which can calculate to solve, comes.Humiture pressure provided by the invention
Force snesor has simple in structure, easy to implement.It is obtained in the present invention through analytic method：Steam partial pressure and sensitive electrical in air
The difference of resistance, i.e., the difference of the pulsewidth after quadratic transformation and its counting to frequency always is directly proportional, and atmospheric temperature then with
The logarithm of the sum of the counting of sensing element is inversely.The theoretical foundation of resolving of the present invention is that physical atmosphere is normal
Number, practical atmospheric pressure becomes with local height above sea level, when device territory of use height above sea level with it is larger with reference to difference in height when,
It should be corrected by software, to maintain the data conversion precision of water vapor partial pressure power.
The present invention is exemplarily described above in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that present invention specific implementation is not by aforesaid way
Limitation, as long as employ the inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress various unsubstantialities improvement or without changing
Other occasions are directly applied to by the design of the present invention and technical solution, within protection scope of the present invention.This hair
Bright protection domain should be determined by the scope of protection defined in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control system, including window control circuit and control circuit of blower, feature
It is, further includes the outer temperature sensor of vehicle, decibel sensor, humiture pressure sensor and controller, the outer temperature sensor of vehicle,
Decibel sensor and humiture pressure sensor detect the temperature of the temperature outside vehicle, interior sound decibel value and car respectively
Degree, humidity and pressure data, and be sent to controller, controller is to uploading Data Analysis Services, during more than predetermined threshold value, to vehicle
Window control circuit and control circuit of blower send windowed signal and air blower enabling signal, the power circuit of the controller exist
Automotive ignition key is connected when pulling up；
The humiture pressure sensor includes semiconductor detection unit, two times transfer unit and signal processing unit, semiconductor
Detection unit includes two semiconductor gauge Rε1(4) and Rε2(5), semiconductor gauge Rε1(4) and Rε2(5) being located at radius is
r0Circular film (3) on, circular film (3) is located on U-shaped bearing (1), formed between diaphragm (3) and U-shaped bearing (1) one it is dry
Dry air annular seal space (2), under two semiconductor gauges are acted on by the pressure differential inside and outside diaphragm (3) and Temperature Excitation
Output resistance responds, and electrical response signal is converted to pulse width signal by two times transfer unit, and signal processing unit passes through data solution
Coupling isolates temperature, external and internal pressure difference and relative humidity data；
The semiconductor gauge Rε1(4) center location, R are arranged onε2(5) it is arranged on diaphragm (3) 0.89r0Circle on, two
The resistance delta numerical value that semiconductor gauge respectively generates under air pressure excitation is identical, positive and negative opposite；The two times transfer unit
Including two identical pulse signal conversion circuits, a semiconductor gauge is correspondingly connected with a pulse signal conversion circuit,
Pulse signal conversion circuit include 555 timers, resistance R and capacitance C, resistance R be connected to 555 timers No. 2 pins and No. 3
Between pin, capacitance C is connected on No. 2 pins of 555 timers, No. 2 pins and No. 6 pin short circuits, and No. 3 pins and No. 7 are drawn
Foot short circuit, No. 7 pin output pulse width signals of 555 timers to signal processing unit.
2. vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse signal turns
The pulse width conversion formula of circuit is changed as τ=ln2CR, τ is output pulse width in formula, and R is the semiconductor gauge that circuit receives
Electrical response value, C be mica standard capacitance, pulsewidth output τ it is directly proportional to respective institute connecting resistance R.
3. vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the signal processing list
GPS unit and atmospheric pressure numerical tabular are equipped in member, GPS unit, which is connected on signal processing unit, is used for alignment sensor installation point
Longitude and latitude, inquire the atmospheric pressure numerical value of installation point.
4. vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the signal processing list
Filament saturation water vapor partial pressure table is equipped in member, signal processing unit calls corresponding saturation vapour to divide by current temperature value
Value.
5. vapour children in vehicles emergency escape control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diaphragm is brass
Diaphragm.
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| CN107901868A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-13 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of passenger car unusual service condition detection alarm system and method |
| CN107791986A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-13 | 北京科技大学 | Child-resistant omits warning system in car |
| CN108082109A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-29 | 蒙城县航远信息科技有限责任公司 | A kind of automobile-used false-lock crime prevention system |
| CN108082111A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-05-29 | 埃泰克汽车电子(芜湖)有限公司 | Interior life detecting system |
| CN108162906A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-06-15 | 埃泰克汽车电子(芜湖)有限公司 | A kind of car life detecting system |
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