CN105804913A - Adjusting method and device for pump serving as water turbine - Google Patents
Adjusting method and device for pump serving as water turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105804913A CN105804913A CN201610221860.7A CN201610221860A CN105804913A CN 105804913 A CN105804913 A CN 105804913A CN 201610221860 A CN201610221860 A CN 201610221860A CN 105804913 A CN105804913 A CN 105804913A
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- Prior art keywords
- stator
- wicket gate
- runner
- gate stem
- housing
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
- F03B3/183—Adjustable vanes, e.g. wicket gates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an adjusting method for a pump serving as a water turbine. According to the method, the speed and direction of water flow at an inlet of a turning wheel is controlled by adjusting the angle of guide blades, so that the inflow speed and direction is consistent with or approaches the inflow speed and direction under an optimal efficiency working condition. The invention further provides an adjusting device for the pump serving as the water turbine. The device comprises a shell, angle adjusting rods, first guide blade rotary shaft bodies, a guide blade hub, the guide blades and second guide blade rotary shaft bodies. The guide blades, the angle adjusting rods, the first guide blade rotary shaft bodies and the second guide blade rotary shaft bodies are mounted into a whole. The whole can rotate in the direction of the shaft bodies relative to the shell and the guide blade hub. By means of the adjusting method, the application range of the pump serving as the water turbine can be enlarged; the operating efficiency and generated power of hydro-power generating units on a partial load working condition can be remarkably improved; economic benefits of projects are increased by fully utilizing water heads; water flow can be adjusted to do work on all parts of the turning wheel blades uniformly, and the service life of the blades is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Miniature water electro-technical field, a kind of pump is used as control method and the device of the hydraulic turbine specifically.
Background technology
Mini be a class with installed capacity lower than the 100kW hydraulic engineering being feature, environment and ecology are not had adverse effect.Originally, mini is utilized for rural area, remote districts and knob etc., and some cannot access the block supply of mains network owing to Financial cost is higher, sets up island network in locality.In recent years in developed regions, owing to large hydropower station has been built substantially, this mini becomes the Main way of following water power.This system can be used in any water system having energy difference, including water system, irrigation system, sewage and storm-water system, excess energy is reclaimed and meets growing electricity needs.
In order to reduce construction cost, shorten and invest back this cycle, how water pump runner is used as the energy conversion elements of Miniature water group of motors.Pump is used as the advantage of the hydraulic turbine and is in that, ready-made water pump assembly kind is many, parameter variation, it is not necessary to customized, eliminates design time, design cost and process time.Water pump itself is more cheap than traditional water turbine set, and in later maintenance, the interchangeability of parts also makes spare part easily obtain, and maintenance cost is relatively low.
The optimum efficiency that pump is used as the hydraulic turbine is lower than traditional hydraulic turbine, but for mini, the mixed economy income that water pump is used as the hydraulic turbine is higher.For generally not building the mini of reservoir, its flox condition is unadjustable, can not be constant.When this kind of water turbine set operates in off-design behaviour, especially under partial load condition, its efficiency will rapid decrease (see Fig. 1), affect generated output and the economic well-being of workers and staff of mini.Efficient operating mode district is less is the major defect of this type of mini.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing technology status, it is provided that a kind of pump is used as control method and the device of the hydraulic turbine, and the method can expand the range of operation of unit, improves the energy conversion efficiency of runner under non-optimal operating mode.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of pump is used as the control method of the hydraulic turbine, controls the velocity attitude of runner import department current by regulating guide vane angle so that the velocity attitude become a mandarin is consistent or close with the inflow velocity direction under optimum efficiency operating mode.As illustrated in fig. 2, it is assumed that absolute velocity is V under runner optimum efficiency operating mode, its speed can be analyzed to circumferential component U and with blade relative velocity component W；Its water (flow) direction component Vz depends on that flow Q, circumferential component U depend on that the angle γ of radius R, V and U residing for rotating speed N and leaf grating depends on guide vane angle.When flow is decreased to Q*, Vz* is equal to U less than Vz, U*, in order to make runner keep high-efficiency operation, it is necessary to making the direction of blade relative velocity component W* keep consistent with W or as far as possible close, namely β * and β is equal or as far as possible close.Being solved by above-mentioned condition it is known that rotated to an angle counterclockwise by stator so that γ * can meet less than γ, the concrete anglec of rotation is depending on the concrete numerical value of Q*.When flow increases, then stator turns clockwise.In order to describe conveniently, it is stipulated that stator original position angle is 0 °, rotate counterclockwise and be designated as negative angle, turn clockwise and be designated as positive-angle.
Regulating the rotating shaft of guide vane angle in the meridian plane of runner, the direction of this rotating shaft is vertical or approximately perpendicular to meridian plane flow direction.
The operation regulating guide vane angle all can carry out when unit is out of service and in unit running process.
The operation regulating guide vane angle adopts manual mode to be controlled, or uses servomotor to automatically control.
A kind of pump is used as the adjustment device of the hydraulic turbine, including housing, is positioned at multiple stator blades that the stator wheel hub of housing is connected with stator wheel hub, and is positioned at the outer multiple angular adjustment bars being connected with stator blade of housing；The front end of stator blade is provided with the first wicket gate stem body, rear end is provided with the second wicket gate stem body, and the first wicket gate stem body, the second wicket gate stem body have same rotating shaft；Housing is provided with and the axis hole of the first wicket gate stem mates, and stator wheel hub is provided with and the axis hole of the second wicket gate stem mates, can be regulated the angle of stator blade by anglec of rotation adjusting rod.
Described adjustment device, stator blade, angular adjustment bar, the first wicket gate stem body and the second wicket gate stem body become as a whole after installing, and relative position is fixed；This entirety can rotate along axis body direction relative to housing and stator wheel hub.
Described adjustment device, it is integrally located at the high hydraulic pressure side of impeller；Axial distance between stator Exit-edge and runner inlet side is 0.05-0.1 times of runner diameter.
Described adjustment device, in housing, the first wicket gate stem body, stator wheel hub, stator blade and the second wicket gate stem body, all mating surfaces are sphere, and share the same centre of sphere.
Described adjustment device, it is characterised in that stator blade and housing and stator wheel hub coordinate on sphere, be bonded with encapsulant, it is therefore intended that eliminate the gap coordinating the error existed in the course of processing to cause as far as possible.
Described adjustment device, the number of stator blade is relatively prime with the number of runner bucket.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following useful technique effect:
Through numerical simulation and verification experimental verification, control method provided by the invention can expand pump and be used as the scope of application of the hydraulic turbine, make full use of differential water pressures (i.e. head) (Fig. 3), reduce the Power Plant Design cost caused due to less hydrologic condition difference, Unit Selection error；Operational efficiency and the generated output (Fig. 4) of Hydropower Unit under partial load condition can be significantly improved, thus increasing the economic benefit of engineering；Less costly, it is simple to manufacture, processing, operation and maintenance, it is easy to popularization and application；Current can be regulated uniformly done work in each position of runner bucket, improve blade service life；Adjusting control mechanism can select manual operation or servomotor to control as the case may be, flexibly and easily.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the performance curve that pump is used as the hydraulic turbine.
Fig. 2 is that control method velocity solves figure.
Fig. 3 is the combined characteristic that under the effect of this control method, pump is used as the hydraulic turbine.
Fig. 4 is the Flux efficiency curve that under different guide vane angle, pump is used as the hydraulic turbine.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation (meridional projection) regulating device.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation (three-dimensional wireframe) regulating device.
Fig. 1 is the performance curve under fixed guide vane state, it is evident that when being in partial load condition, and flow-reduction will cause the rapid decrease of efficiency.
Fig. 3 is the combined characteristic that under the effect of this control method, pump is used as the hydraulic turbine, also denotes efficiency contour, it can be seen that applying the hydraulic turbine of this control method, operating condition scope is wider, and Effec-tive Function region is bigger in figure.The computing formula of flow number isThe computing formula of head number isWherein Q is flow, and n is rotating speed, and H is head, and D is runner diameter, and g is acceleration of gravity.
In Fig. 5, Fig. 6,1 is housing；2 is angular adjustment bar；3 is the first wicket gate stem body；4 is stator wheel hub；5 is stator blade；6 is the second wicket gate stem body.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail；Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention, rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention.Based on described embodiments of the invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the premise without creative work, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6,
A kind of pump is used as the adjustment device of the hydraulic turbine, including housing 1, is positioned at multiple stator blades 5 that the stator wheel hub 4 of housing 1 is connected with stator wheel hub 4, and is positioned at the outer multiple angular adjustment bars 2 being connected with stator blade 5 of housing 1；The front end of stator blade 5 is provided with the first wicket gate stem body 3, rear end is provided with the second wicket gate stem body 6, and first wicket gate stem body the 3, second wicket gate stem body 6 has same rotating shaft；Housing 1 is provided with the axis hole matched with the first wicket gate stem body 3, and stator wheel hub 4 is provided with the axis hole matched with the second wicket gate stem body 6, can be regulated the angle of stator blade 5 by anglec of rotation adjusting rod 2.
Stator blade 5, angular adjustment bar 2, the first wicket gate stem body 3 becomes as a whole after installing with the second wicket gate stem body 6, and relative position is fixed.This entirety can rotate along axis body direction relative to housing 1 and stator wheel hub 4.
Above-mentioned adjustment device, it is integrally located at the high hydraulic pressure side of impeller；Axial distance between stator Exit-edge and runner inlet side is 0.05-0.1 times of runner diameter.
In housing the 1, first wicket gate stem body 3, stator wheel hub 4, stator blade 5 and the second wicket gate stem body 6, all mating surfaces are sphere, and share the same centre of sphere.On the mating surface of stator blade 5 and housing 1 and stator wheel hub 4, it is bonded with encapsulant, eliminates owing to processing mismatch error and stator adjust the stator end face gap that angle causes.The runner bucket quantity being conditioned is 3, and regulating stator blade quantity in device is 5, prime number each other.
As shown in Figure 2, when hydraulic turbine operation generates electricity, if actual flow is less than hydraulic turbine optimum efficiency point flow, then controlling angle adjusting rod 2 drives stator blade 5 to rotate counterclockwise, to reduce the angle between current absolute velocity and peripheral speed, it is ensured that between current and runner bucket, the angle of relative velocity is constant, thus suppressing import to clash into, flow separation and wake's flow field etc. lose so that runner runs under most favorable efficiency；If actual flow is more than hydraulic turbine optimum efficiency point flow, then controls angle adjusting rod 2 and drive stator blade 5 to turn clockwise.
Be runner diameter for basic parameter being 0.3m, nominal operation head is 4.2m, and runner rated speed is 1450r/min, and metered flow is 0.45m3/ s, rated power is 14.8kW, and efficiency is the miniature hydroelectric turbines of 80%, compares the hydraulic turbine with or without the performance regulating device under off-design behaviour.
The following is several concrete example:
Example 1, is 0.42m when operating in flow3During the operating point of/s (flow number 0.6437), without when regulating, the effective utilized head of the hydraulic turbine is 3.09m, and efficiency is 77.54%, and power is 9.86kW；When having adjustment, the effective utilized head of the hydraulic turbine is 3.91m, and efficiency is 79.37%, and power is 12.79kW；Improved efficiency 1.83%, power ascension 2.93kW.Now guide vane angle is-7 °.
Example 2, is 0.39m when operating in flow3During the operating point of/s (flow number 0.5977), without when regulating, the effective utilized head of the hydraulic turbine is 1.99m, and efficiency is 68.33%, and power is 5.20kW；When having adjustment, the effective utilized head of the hydraulic turbine is 3.32m, and efficiency is 75.50%, and power is 9.60kW；Improved efficiency 7.17%, power ascension 4.40kW.Now guide vane angle is-11 °.
The present invention is except whole implementation, and the Miniature water electrical engineering that same type water pump also can be used as the hydraulic turbine carries out local flow improvement, is equipped with the adjustment device that the present invention relates in the high water energy side of runner.
The explanation being not directed in the specific embodiment of the present invention belongs to techniques known, is referred to known being carried out.
Claims (10)
1. a pump is used as the control method of the hydraulic turbine, it is characterised in that: control the velocity attitude of runner import department current by regulating guide vane angle so that the velocity attitude become a mandarin is consistent or close with the inflow velocity direction under optimum efficiency operating mode.
2. control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: regulating the rotating shaft of guide vane angle in the meridian plane of runner, the direction of this rotating shaft is vertical or approximately perpendicular to meridian plane flow direction.
3. control method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the operation regulating guide vane angle all can carry out when unit is out of service and in unit running process.
4. control method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the operation regulating guide vane angle adopts manual mode to be controlled, or uses servomotor to automatically control.
5. the application of control method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: this control method range of application is the situation that axial-flow type or mixed flow pump runner are used as the hydraulic turbine.
6. a pump is used as the adjustment device of the hydraulic turbine, it is characterised in that: include housing, be positioned at multiple stator blades that the stator wheel hub of housing is connected with stator wheel hub, and be positioned at multiple angular adjustment bars that housing is connected with stator blade outward；The front end of stator blade is provided with the first wicket gate stem body, rear end is provided with the second wicket gate stem body, and the first wicket gate stem body, the second wicket gate stem body have same rotating shaft；Housing is provided with and the axis hole of the first wicket gate stem mates, and stator wheel hub is provided with and the axis hole of the second wicket gate stem mates, can be regulated the angle of stator blade by anglec of rotation adjusting rod.
7. adjustment device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the described high hydraulic pressure side being integrally located at impeller regulating device；Axial distance between stator Exit-edge and runner inlet side is 0.05-0.1 times of runner diameter.
8. adjustment device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: in housing, the first wicket gate stem body, stator wheel hub, stator blade and the second wicket gate stem body, all mating surfaces are sphere, and share the same centre of sphere.
9. adjustment device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: what it is characterized in that stator blade and housing and stator wheel hub coordinates on sphere, is bonded with encapsulant, it is therefore intended that eliminate the gap coordinating the error existed in the course of processing to cause as far as possible.
10. the adjustment device according to any one of claim 6-9, it is characterised in that: the number of stator blade is relatively prime with the number of runner bucket.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610221860.7A CN105804913A (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2016-04-11 | Adjusting method and device for pump serving as water turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610221860.7A CN105804913A (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2016-04-11 | Adjusting method and device for pump serving as water turbine |
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| CN105804913A true CN105804913A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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| CN201610221860.7A Pending CN105804913A (en) | 2016-04-11 | 2016-04-11 | Adjusting method and device for pump serving as water turbine |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106523260A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-22 | 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Guide vane opening degree based unit efficiency sequencing and load distributing method of hydropower station |
| CN108301955A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-20 | 武汉大学 | Axial-flow type PAT power generation modes optimum efficiency point parameter and performance curve predictor method |
| CN113339177A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-03 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for analyzing and evaluating main parameters and performance indexes of large water turbine |
| CN113623118A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-09 | 河海大学 | Water pump turbine suitable for small pumped storage power station |
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| CN103206331A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-07-17 | 河海大学 | Low-head efficient shaft-extension tubular pump turbine and blades thereof |
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| GB723798A (en) * | 1951-02-26 | 1955-02-09 | Voith Gmbh J M | Improvements in axial-flow turbines or pumps |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106523260A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-22 | 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Guide vane opening degree based unit efficiency sequencing and load distributing method of hydropower station |
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| CN108301955A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-20 | 武汉大学 | Axial-flow type PAT power generation modes optimum efficiency point parameter and performance curve predictor method |
| WO2019136921A1 (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-18 | 武汉大学 | Method for estimating optimal efficiency point parameter and performance curve of axial flow type pat generation mode |
| CN108301955B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2020-04-24 | 武汉大学 | Axial flow PAT power generation mode optimal efficiency point parameter and performance curve prediction method |
| US11119131B2 (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2021-09-14 | Wuhan University | Method for estimating optimal efficiency point parameters and performance curve in axial-flow PAT power generation mode |
| CN113339177A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-03 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for analyzing and evaluating main parameters and performance indexes of large water turbine |
| CN113623118A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-09 | 河海大学 | Water pump turbine suitable for small pumped storage power station |
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