CN105804003B - A kind of width shoulder formula breakwater and its transportation installation method - Google Patents
A kind of width shoulder formula breakwater and its transportation installation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105804003B CN105804003B CN201610167772.3A CN201610167772A CN105804003B CN 105804003 B CN105804003 B CN 105804003B CN 201610167772 A CN201610167772 A CN 201610167772A CN 105804003 B CN105804003 B CN 105804003B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000826860 Trapezium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 154
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
A kind of wide shoulder formula breakwater of present invention offer and its transportation installation method, the width shoulder formula breakwater include：The sloping breakwater of trapezium structure, the sloping breakwater are respectively arranged with dike central layer, outer slope layer and wide shoulder layer outward by interior, and the outer slope layer is laid on the outer slope of the dike central layer, and the width shoulder layer is set to the side of the outer slope layer far from dike central layer；Two slabstones, inverted filter and rear packing layer are additionally provided on the inner slope of the dike central layer, two slabstone is set between the dike central layer and inverted filter, and the inverted filter is set between two slabstone and rear packing layer.The wide shoulder formula breakwater that the present invention is collectively formed by the wide shoulder layer formed by super boulder and more grain size block bank of stone bodies, its transportation installation method takes rational construction technology and a variety of heavy duty equipments realize precision-fit, can smoothly and be accurately performed construction, and construction speed is very fast, and the wind wave action of construction time is smaller to the influence for completing levee body section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breakwater more particularly to a kind of wide shoulder formula breakwater, and are related to the anti-wave of width shoulder formula
The transportation installation method of dike.
Background technology
Sloping breakwater is the most common structural shape of harbour mole engineering.Wide shoulder sloping breakwater refer to
Border on the sea the slightly above design high-water of side setting one and the platform with one fixed width, under certain wave action, permission dike
Body section deforms, and gradually adapts to local Wave power condition and forms the novel inclined similar to S type dynamic equilibrium sections
Formula breakwater.
For the artificial armour sloping breakwater of conventional concrete, it, which has, does not need the artificial mask block of concrete
Body makes full use of building stones, cost to be substantially reduced and damages the advantages such as lighter under especially big wave action, and design concept embodies
The Advanced Ideas such as resource makes full use of, construction machinery generalization and can repairing utilizes, are worthy to be popularized and answer in the breakwater of deep-sea
Gear wave type formula.
But for stormy waves large area, to ensure breakwater, outer slope deformation is in control range under the wave action, deformation
Line of slope is no more than dynamic equilibrium slope line, and armour stone weight is required sufficiently large, and sometimes up to 10t or more, this is for entirety
Structure and transportation installation method are proposed prodigious challenge；In addition, larger stormy waves can make the completion of levee body section in construction
At influence, construction precision is substantially reduced.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to need to provide a kind of firm wide shoulder formula breakwater reasonable for structure, and
Accurately transportation installation method for realizing the width shoulder formula breakwater is provided.
In this regard, the present invention provides a kind of wide shoulder formula breakwater, including：The sloping breakwater of trapezium structure, the sloping breakwater by
It is inside respectively arranged with dike central layer, outer slope layer and wide shoulder layer outward, the outer slope layer is laid on the outer slope of the dike central layer, institute
It states wide shoulder layer and is set to the side of the outer slope layer far from dike central layer；Be additionally provided on the inner slope of the dike central layer two slabstones,
Inverted filter and rear packing layer, two slabstone are set between the dike central layer and inverted filter, and the inverted filter is set to institute
It states between two slabstones and rear packing layer.
Further improvement of the present invention is that the depth-width ratio gradient of the sloping breakwater is 1：1.5~1：2.
Further improvement of the present invention is that the thickness of two slabstone is 0.4~0.8m, and the thickness of the inverted filter is
The depth-width ratio gradient of 0.7~0.9m, two slabstone and inverted filter is 1：1.5~1：2.Wherein, the thickness of two slabstone
The thickness of preferably 0.5m or so, the inverted filter are 0.8m or so.
Further improvement of the present invention is that the dike central layer includes the dike that weight is made of the block stone of 1~1000kg
The outer slope depth-width ratio gradient of the heart, the dike heart is 1：1.5~1：2, the inner slope depth-width ratio gradient of the dike central layer is 1：1.5~1：
2。
Further improvement of the present invention is, the outer slope layer includes the first outer slope layer and the second outer slope layer, described first
The block stone that outer slope layer laying depth is 1.5~2.0m, weight is 300~1000kg is on the outer slope of the dike central layer；Described
The two block stones that outer slope layer laying depth is 1.5~5.0m, weight is 1~5t in the described first outer separate dike central layer of slope layer one
Side.
Further improvement of the present invention is that the depth-width ratio gradient of the first outer slope layer is 1：1.5~1：2, described
Two outer slope layers use stair-stepping block of stone.
Further improvement of the present invention is, the wide shoulder layer is laid with super boulder that weight is 5~10t described the
On two outer slope layers, there are the wide shoulders of 10m or more at the top of the width shoulder layer.
The present invention also provides a kind of transportation installation methods of wide shoulder formula breakwater, for realizing wide shoulder as described above
The transport of formula breakwater and mounting process, and include the following steps：
Step S1, moving rock material；
Step S2 pushes away bull-dozer by mountain and push away filling out operation to interim dike and dike central layer；
Step S3, the block stone of dike heart material, outer slope layer, two slabstones and inverted filter is increased by excavator and loop wheel machine,
Leveling and reason slope；
Step S4, the super boulder that the width shoulder layer in its working range is carried out using backacter are tentatively got rid of
It throws, then remaining region is mended by long-armed backacter and is thrown；
The smart throwing of super boulder progress of step S5, loop wheel machine cooperation iron chains ring and Automated shackle to the wide shoulder layer, and
In the construction of super boulder to when being only left last two layers, the building stones platform surface layer that the super boulder constructed is constituted is flattened, is led to
It crosses backacter and is moved to the outermost of building stones platform and carry out the last placement for two layers surpassing boulder；
Step S6 is refuted using body is opened to the sloping breakwater outermost protection-apron progress jackstone；
Wherein, the outermost protection-apron of the sloping breakwater is the position that water is most deep on the outside of sloping breakwater；According to the interim dike
The gear wave dike that the plan-position of wave direction and embankment is set up.
Further improvement of the present invention is, before construction, first carries out underwater dumped rockfill situation survey with loop wheel machine cooperation hanging basket
Amount；Entire underwater dumped rockfill region is divided into the grid of 2.0m × 2.0m according to the amount of capacity of jackstone bucket, from sloping breakwater
Arrange then seat in the plane, adjacent seat in the plane interval 20m use method of polar coordinates to carry out jackstone positioning in outer slope safe distance；By hanging
The height of the height difference and underwater block stone between the elevation, underwater block stone and hanging basket of current hanging basket is measured on basket using survey dipsey lead
Journey, and GPS positioning device is installed on loop wheel machine, accurately measure current position coordinates；After measuring underwater information, calculate corresponding
The amount of stone thrown is mended needed for position, then the required information for mending jackstone material is depicted as table, the required packet for mending jackstone material
It includes：Angle, distance and building stones quantity, and then jackstone task is completed by the cooperation of GPS positioning device.
Further improvement of the present invention is, the outer slope layer for placing wide shoulder layer is extended 3~4m more outward；Outermost
The sequence of construction of block stone is carried out for ecto-entad, and ecto-entad is carried out first to place the bottom and outermost block of stone, then successively
Next to putting block stone inwardly；After the completion of the block stone of the bottom is placed, then place block stone, position inward since outermost
Block stone positioned at upper layer is pressed on the link position between two blocks of block stones of lower layer.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：By the wide shoulder layer that is formed by super boulder and more
The wide shoulder formula breakwater that grain size block bank of stone body collectively forms, transportation installation method take rational construction technology and a variety of
Heavy duty equipment realizes precision-fit, smoothly and can be accurately performed construction, and construction speed is very fast, construction time
Wind wave action is smaller to the influence for completing levee body section.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the workflow schematic diagram of another embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the construction schematic diagram on the first outer slope stratification slope of another embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is that the first outer slope layer of another embodiment of the invention hangs the construction schematic diagram of throwing；
Fig. 5 is half section of the second outer slope layer of another embodiment of the invention and the block stone of the first outer slope layer is got rid of below
The construction schematic diagram of throwing；
Fig. 6 is that the body of opening of another embodiment of the invention refutes the construction schematic diagram for carrying out outermost protection-apron position jackstone；
Fig. 7 is that the second outer slope layer of another embodiment of the invention gets rid of the construction schematic diagram of throwing；
Fig. 8 is the construction schematic diagram of the wide shoulder layer of another embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the preferably embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail：
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figure 1, this example provides a kind of wide shoulder formula breakwater, including：The sloping breakwater of trapezium structure, the sloping breakwater
It is respectively arranged with dike central layer 1, outer slope layer and wide shoulder layer 4 outward by interior, the outer slope layer is laid on the outer slope of the dike central layer 1
On, the wide shoulder layer 4 is set to the side of the outer slope layer far from dike central layer 1；It is additionally provided on the inner slope of the dike central layer 1
Two slabstones 5, inverted filter 6 and rear packing layer 7, two slabstone 5 are set between the dike central layer 1 and inverted filter 6, it is described fall
Filtering layer 6 is set between two slabstone 5 and rear packing layer 7.
The depth-width ratio gradient of sloping breakwater described in this example is 1：1.5~1：2.The thickness of two slabstone 5 is 0.4~0.8m,
The thickness of the inverted filter 6 is 0.7~0.9m, and the depth-width ratio gradient of two slabstone 5 and inverted filter 6 is 1：1.5~1：2；
Wherein, the thickness of two slabstone 5 is preferably 0.5m or so, and the thickness of the inverted filter 6 is 0.8m or so.The dike central layer 1
Including the dike heart that weight is made of the block stone of 1~1000kg, the outer slope depth-width ratio gradient of the dike heart is 1：1.5~1：2, institute
The inner slope depth-width ratio gradient for stating dike central layer 1 is 1：1.5~1：2.
As shown in Figure 1, outer slope layer described in this example includes 2 and second outer slope layer 3 of the first outer slope layer, the first outer slope layer 2
The block stone that laying depth is 1.5~2.0m, weight is 300~1000kg is on the outer slope of the dike central layer 1；The second outer slope
The block stone that 3 laying depth of layer are 1.5~5.0m, weight is 1~5t is in the described first 2 side far from dike central layer 1 of outer slope layer；Institute
The depth-width ratio gradient for stating the first outer slope layer 2 is 1：1.5~1：2, the second outer slope layer 3 uses stair-stepping block of stone；The width
Shoulder layer 4 is laid with super boulder that weight is 5~10t on the described second outer slope layer 3, the top of the wide shoulder layer 4 there are
The wide shoulder of 10m or more, the wide shoulder of preferably reserved 15m.
Since the shoulder of the wide shoulder layer 4 of wide shoulder formula breakwater is arranged more than design high-water, convenient for being set with land
It is standby that propelling method is taken gradually to be filled to off-lying sea, in most cases can throwing only be carried out with dump truck and bull-dozer etc., it is less
Using loop wheel machine, therefore, construction speed is very fast, and the wind wave action of construction time is smaller on completing the influence of levee body section.
The width shoulder formula breakwater is the sloping breakwater of trapezoidal structure, determines the size in its section in turn according to the depth of water,
Wide shoulder formula breakwater as shown in Figure 1, it is assumed that the depth of water in sea bed face is 12m, then the section of the wide shoulder formula breakwater can
It is designed as being greater than or equal to 58m；At this point it is possible to which it is 2.3m left that a cross-sectional width, which is arranged, close to the side of sea bed in dike central layer 1
Right slope surface, and the dike central layer 1 is the flat of 5m or so extending cross-sectional width toward slope layer outer than first more than 2 on sea bed direction
Platform enables to the structure of outer slope layer and stress more solid and reliable in this way；It is arranged close to the side of sea bed in the first outer slope layer 2
One cross-sectional width is the slope surface of 3.8m or so, and the first outer slope layer 2 is toward slope outer than second layer more than 3 on sea bed direction
Extend the platform that cross-sectional width is 5m or so, likewise, setting is it is also possible that the structure and stress of outer slope layer are more steady in this way
Gu reliable；The slope surface that one cross-sectional width is 7.5m or so is set close to the side of sea bed in the second outer slope layer 3, and described the
Two outer slopes layers 3 toward extending the platform that cross-sectional width is 9~13.5m or so than wide shoulder layer more than 4 on sea bed direction, likewise,
Setting enables to the structure of wide shoulder layer 4 and stress more solid and reliable in this way；It is set close to the side of sea bed in wide shoulder layer 4
The slope surface that a cross-sectional width is 13.5m or so is set, the shoulder cross-sectional width of the wide shoulder layer 4 is preferably 15m, the width shoulder
It is provided with the slope surface that cross-sectional width is 6m or so between the shoulder of platform layer 4 and the top of the second outer slope layer 3.It is worth mentioning
It is that the setting of the data such as the above thickness, the gradient and cross-sectional width is not independent from each other, there is phases between them
Mutual relation, being not to say that can be obtained by simply testing or changing, and build the wide anti-wave of shoulder formula come in this way
Dike effect is especially good, and sound construction is reliable, convenient for construction.
Embodiment 2：
As shown in Fig. 2, this example also provides a kind of transportation installation method of wide shoulder formula breakwater, for realizing such as embodiment
The transport of wide shoulder formula breakwater described in 1 and mounting process, and include the following steps：
Step S1, moving rock material；
Step S2 pushes away bull-dozer by mountain and push away filling out operation to interim dike and dike central layer 1；
Step S3 adds the block stone of dike heart material, outer slope layer, two slabstones 5 and inverted filter 6 by excavator and loop wheel machine
High, leveling and reason slope；
Step S4, the super boulder that the wide shoulder layer 4 in its working range is carried out using backacter are carried out tentatively
Throwing is got rid of, then remaining region is mended by long-armed backacter and is thrown；
The smart throwing of super boulder progress of step S5, loop wheel machine cooperation iron chains ring and Automated shackle to the wide shoulder layer 4, and
In the construction of super boulder to when being only left last two layers, the building stones platform surface layer that the super boulder constructed is constituted is flattened, is led to
It crosses backacter and is moved to the outermost of building stones platform and carry out the last placement for two layers surpassing boulder；
Step S6 is refuted using body is opened to the sloping breakwater outermost protection-apron progress jackstone；
Wherein, the outermost protection-apron of the sloping breakwater is the position that water is most deep on the outside of sloping breakwater；According to the interim dike
The gear wave dike that the plan-position of wave direction and embankment is set up.
In the step S1, the transport about building stones includes following sub-step：Step S101 by 150t loop wheel machines and goes to keep off
The combination of plate dumper is realized, such as carries out the super boulder entruckings of 12~20t by 150t loop wheel machines, goes baffle dumper for substituting number
It measures insufficient flat car and carries out super boulder transport；Step S102 is realized by CAT349 backhoes and mine vehicle combination, is such as passed through
CAT349 backhoes carry out the entrucking of 12t or less boulders, and the transport of boulder is used for by mine vehicle；Step S103, by grabbing
Bucket and mine vehicle combine to realize, the grab bucket conveniently carries out the entrucking of 12t or less boulders, and mine vehicle is used for bulk
The transport of stone.The building stones refer to block stone.
In the installation process of block stone, including the following：The first, building stones sieve：It is specified stack region place 1t,
The sample of a variety of Stone Standard Values such as 3t, 5t, 7t, 10t is compared to classify into row block stone and be stacked；The second, bull-dozer is pushed away to facing using mountain
When dike and dike heart material push away filling out operation；Third, using PC200 excavators to dike heart material, outer slope layer, two slabstones 5 and inverted filter 6
Etc. small particles block stone increased, flattened and managed slope, the dike heart material refers to the block stone of dike central layer 1, i.e. the dike central layer 1
Building stones；4th carries out the super boulder in its working range using backacter tentatively gets rid of throwing, then is dug with 80t grades of long-armed backhoes
Pick machine is mended remaining region and is thrown；5th, after backacter has carried out tentatively getting rid of throwing, then using 280t grades of loop wheel machines cooperation iron chains
Ring and Automated shackle carry out smart throwing；6th when the construction of super boulder arrives only last two layers remaining, and the surface layer of building stones platform is whole
Flat, the outermost that backacter is moved to platform is placed into row block stone；8th use is opened body and is refuted to sloping breakwater outermost protection-apron
Carry out jackstone, the outermost protection-apron, that is, most deep position of water, near the position of sea bed.
In the installation process of block stone, the installation method of block stone：According to principle from bottom to top in section sequence of construction
It carries out, in the interspersed arrangement construction of the crossover location of the block stone of different size；Subregion piecemeal arrangement carries out plane construction, and in guarantee
The covering construction of layer structure must can carry out after the completion of substructure.Specifically sequence of construction is：The first, interim dike pushes away
It fills out；The block stone of the dike central layer 1 of 2 1~1000kg, which pushes away, to be filled out；The block stone construction of the first outer slope layer 2 of 3 300~1000kg；The
Four, two slabstones 5 and inverted filter 6 are constructed；5th, the block stone construction of the second of 1~5t the outer slope layer 3；6th, the wide shoulder of 5t or more
The super boulder construction of layer 4.
This example, according to the construction features and working procedure of wide shoulder formula breakwater, is formed in entire sloped embankment construction
Time and Multi-working-surface continuous productive process spatially, effect are very good.As shown in Figures 3 to 8 is exactly a kind of more excellent preferred
The construction sequence of construction figure of the transportation installation method of wide shoulder formula breakwater, wherein what Fig. 3 was indicated is made by high-front shovel
Industry carries out the slopes block Shi Li of the first outer slope layer 2 of 300~1000kg；What Fig. 4 was indicated is outside carry out 1~5t by loop wheel machine second
The block stone of the first outer slope layer 2 of 3 300~1000kg of lower section of slope layer hangs throwing；What Fig. 5 was indicated is that high-front shovel carries out 1~5t
The block stone of the first outer slope layer 2 of half section of the second outer slope layer 3 and below 300~1000kg gets rid of throwing；What Fig. 6 was indicated is to pass through
It opens body and refutes progress outermost protection-apron position jackstone；What Fig. 7 was indicated is the second outer slope layer 3 that 1~5t is carried out by high-front shovel
Block stone gets rid of throwing；Fig. 8 shows be jackstone and Li Po that high-front shovel carries out the wide shoulder layers of 5~10t and 1.9m or less 4；Fig. 3 is extremely
In Fig. 8, what thick line outlined is the region of hot work in progress and the region finished of having constructed in current schematic diagram.
This example realizes Multi-working-surface continuous productive process over time and space, and according to on-site actual situations, system considers season
The factors such as wind phase Lidar Equation, foundation pit exploitation of stone, mechanical equipment configuration and the reasonable overlap joint of process, entire sloped embankment construction process
In in different elevation different locations can create several working faces simultaneously, independently working and taken according to process between each working face
It connects to form continuous productive process, mechanical equipment work efficiency can be significantly improved, greatly speed up construction speed.
More specifically in practical operation, in building stones transportational process, the mark of setting mark different colours on transport vehicle
Board, by the color of Sign Board on vehicle window can quick sub-material, reduce the time that transport vehicle on the way delays, improve Transportation Efficiency
Rate.Large-scale backacter is equipped with wighing instrument, can be clear by the mating display screen of the instrument when backhoe triggers building stones
The weight for seeing the block stone of Chu facilitates hand to be accurately controlled block stone specification, better ensures that block stone quality.Use 150t loop wheel machines
When carrying out super boulder handling, using carrying out tying up button with choke chain.Pitching automatically for rope chain is can be realized as by controlling suspension hook,
It avoids manually carrying out solution rope, accelerates lifting speed.It is assisted in addition, scene is equipped with a PC200, place cleaning and stirs block
Stone carries out tying up button.
In the installation process of block stone, before construction, first underwater dumped rockfill situation measurement is carried out with loop wheel machine cooperation hanging basket；Root
Entire underwater dumped rockfill region is divided into the grid of 2.0m × 2.0m according to the amount of capacity of jackstone bucket, is pacified on the outer slope from sloping breakwater
Arrange then seat in the plane, adjacent seat in the plane interval 20m use method of polar coordinates to carry out jackstone positioning in full distance；By making on hanging basket
Measure the elevation of the height difference and underwater block stone between the elevation, underwater block stone and hanging basket of current hanging basket with survey dipsey lead, and
GPS positioning device is installed on loop wheel machine, accurately measures current position coordinates；After measuring underwater information, corresponding position institute is calculated
The amount of stone of throwing need to be mended, then the required information for mending jackstone material is depicted as table, the required information for mending jackstone material includes：Angle
Degree, distance and building stones quantity, and then jackstone task is completed by the cooperation of GPS positioning device.
It is noted that deposit is closing on construction area after the super boulder of the wide shoulder layer 4 goes out to transport to scene, keep away
Exempting from secondary transhipment causes cost to increase；Since the thickness of this layer is big, backacter can not once construct in place, need to be divided into inside and outside
It constructs from inside to outside for two layers；In order to realize that the construction of outer layer, long-armed backacter need telephone-moving to the top of super boulder
Face.In order to reduce crawler belt damage of the excavator caused by the movement of block stone top surface, some discarded automobiles are placed in platform top surface
Tire is protected.
It is noted that the super boulder installation of the wide shoulder layer 4 is generally with two backacters
It carries out, is responsible for for one super boulder going to working face front porch area, another responsible block stone installation is dug to avoid installation backhoe
The extra movement of pick machine.For the super boulder installation of two layers of stone of outermost according to sequence from outside to inside, from low to high, one piece is pushed down one
Block, to reinforce the stability of slope surface；In order to increase wave absorbing effect, super boulder does not need the direction of adjustment block stone, adopts when installing
It is not smooth drop-over between block stone but uneven to improve voidage with the mode placed at random.
When construction, when stormy waves can directly influence the construction of falling filtrate, this example is according to the flat of wave direction and embankment
Face position is taken " segmentation encirclement method ", i.e., releases an interim dike every 200m in inside, longitudinal to release the unrestrained earth embankment of a gear again
To ensure that the hydrostatic construction environment of inverted filter, while starting to widen backfill and weathering toward inside from these interim earth embankments
Material starts to backfill in island in advance, can alleviate the spoir pressure of foundation pit significantly, accelerate construction speed.
During sloped embankment construction, dike heart material 1~1000kg building stones in face of heading sea are difficult to keep stability, construction speed slow
And there are certain security risks.Therefore, two kinds of dimension stones of 1~1000kg and 300~1000kg are taken while being constructed, protection-apron
Position 1~1000kg dike cardioliths are replaced using 300~1000kg block stones, carry out outside wave resistance with 300~1000kg blocks stone, significantly
Construction efficiency is accelerated, working security is improved.
In order to ensure the safety of breakwater, prevents super boulder to be drawn to seabed by wave, wide shoulder will be placed in construction
The platform of 1~5t blocks stone (the second outer slope layer 3) of the super boulder of layer 4 outward more extends 3~4m；In order to increase breakwater
Stability, outermost lateral mass stone construction are that ecto-entad is carried out, i.e., first place the bottom, outermost boulder, then successively closely
It and puts block stone inwardly；It after the completion of the block stone of the bottom is placed, then is placed since outermost, position is located at the block on upper layer
Stone is pressed on the link position between two blocks of block stones of lower layer, and so on.
This example is prevented by the wide shoulder formula that the wide shoulder layer 4 formed by super boulder and more grain size block bank of stone bodies collectively form
Wave dike, transportation installation method takes rational construction technology and a variety of heavy duty equipments realize precision-fit, Neng Goushun
Profit and be accurately performed construction, and construction speed is very fast, the influence of the wind wave action of construction time to completion levee body section compared with
It is small.
This example realizes a kind of wide shoulder sloping breakwater of practicality, uses middle super large-scale block stone and multistage block stone
The combined transportation of multimachine tool and mounting technique, as shown in the table, the super large block needed in the construction of the width shoulder formula breakwater
Stone and at different levels pieces of stones (1kg~10t) are respectively adopted first, loop wheel machine according to the size of transport block stone in transit and remove baffle certainly
It unloads combination；The second, backacter and mine vehicle combination；Third, clamp excavator and mine vehicle combination.Root in the installation of block stone
It is carried out respectively according to the characteristics of different mechanical equipments：The first, building stones sieve；The second, mountain, which pushes away bull-dozer and pushes away, fills out；Third, PC200 are anti-
Shovel operation；4th, throwing is got rid of in long-armed backhoe；5th, loop wheel machine essence is thrown；6th, slope is managed in long-armed backhoe；7th, which opens body, refutes the operations such as jackstone
Form.In addition, the characteristics of according to the multistage block stone of wide shoulder formula breakwater, this example interts peace according to sequence of construction from bottom to top
Arrange the crossed construction of different size building stones；Meanwhile in entire sloped embankment construction, according to the construction features of wide shoulder formula breakwater
And working procedure, time and Multi-working-surface continuous productive process spatially are formed, effect is very good.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of transportation installation method of width shoulder formula breakwater, which is characterized in that for realizing the fortune of wide shoulder formula breakwater
Defeated and mounting process, and include the following steps：
Step S1, moving rock material；
Step S2 pushes away bull-dozer by mountain and push away filling out operation to interim dike and dike central layer；
Step S3 increases the block stone of dike heart material, outer slope layer, two slabstones and inverted filter by excavator and loop wheel machine, is flattened
With reason slope；
Step S4, the super boulder progress that the width shoulder layer in its working range is carried out using backacter tentatively get rid of throwing,
Remaining region is mended by long-armed backacter again and is thrown；
Step S5, loop wheel machine coordinate iron chains ring and Automated shackle to carry out smart throwing to the super boulder of the wide shoulder layer, and super
Boulder construction flattens the building stones platform surface layer that the super boulder constructed is constituted, by anti-to when being only left last two layers
The outermost that shovel excavator is moved to building stones platform carries out the last placement for two layers surpassing boulder；
Step S6 is refuted using body is opened to sloping breakwater outermost protection-apron progress jackstone；
Wherein, the outermost protection-apron of the sloping breakwater is the position that water is most deep on the outside of sloping breakwater；The interim dike is according to wave
The gear wave dike that direction and the plan-position of embankment are set up；
It is described width shoulder formula breakwater include：The sloping breakwater of trapezium structure, the sloping breakwater are respectively arranged with the dike heart outward by interior
Layer, outer slope layer and wide shoulder layer, the outer slope layer are laid on the outer slope of the dike central layer, and the width shoulder layer is set to described
Side of the outer slope layer far from dike central layer；Two slabstones, inverted filter and rear packing layer, institute are additionally provided on the inner slope of the dike central layer
Two slabstones are stated to be set between the dike central layer and inverted filter, the inverted filter be set to two slabstone and rear packing layer it
Between.
2. the transportation installation method of width shoulder formula breakwater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sloping breakwater
The depth-width ratio gradient is 1：1.5~1：2.
3. the transportation installation method of width shoulder formula breakwater according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two slabstone
Thickness is 0.4~0.8m, and the thickness of the inverted filter is 0.7~0.9m, and the depth-width ratio gradient of two slabstone and inverted filter is equal
It is 1：1.5~1：2.
4. the transportation installation method of the wide shoulder formula breakwater according to claims 1 to 3 any one, which is characterized in that
The dike central layer includes the dike heart that weight is made of the block stone of 1~1000kg, and the outer slope depth-width ratio gradient of the dike heart is 1：
1.5~1：2, the inner slope depth-width ratio gradient of the dike central layer is 1：1.5~1：2.
5. the transportation installation method of the wide shoulder formula breakwater according to claims 1 to 3 any one, which is characterized in that
The outer slope layer includes the first outer slope layer and the second outer slope layer, and the first outer slope layer laying depth is 1.5~2.0m, weight is
The block stone of 300~1000kg is on the outer slope of the dike central layer；The second outer slope layer laying depth is 1.5~5.0m, weight
For 1~5t block stone in the described first outer slope side of the layer far from dike central layer.
6. the transportation installation method of width shoulder formula breakwater according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the first outer slope
The depth-width ratio gradient of layer is 1：1.5~1：2, the second outer slope layer uses stair-stepping block of stone.
7. the transportation installation method of width shoulder formula breakwater according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the width shoulder layer
The super boulder that laying weight is 5~10t is on the described second outer slope layer, and there are 10m's or more at the top of the width shoulder layer
Wide shoulder.
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| CN109113020B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-07-03 | 中交上海航道局有限公司 | Seaport breakwater structure and construction method thereof |
| CN114718012A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-07-08 | 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | Composite dyke body ecological sea dike structure on soft soil foundation and construction method thereof |
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| CN201738284U (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2011-02-09 | 沈迪州 | Parapet wall with permeable anti-sliding plate |
| CN202012067U (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2011-10-19 | 谢怀东 | Slope-type breakwater structure |
| JP5519613B2 (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2014-06-11 | 株式会社不動テトラ | Wave-absorbing structure for long-period wave countermeasures |
| CN104499459A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-08 | 中国水利水电第八工程局有限公司 | Geotextile tube breakwater |
| CN205636635U (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-10-12 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Wide shoulder formula breakwater |
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