CN105803290A - 一种耐磨钨合金材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐磨钨合金材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105803290A
CN105803290A CN201610387201.0A CN201610387201A CN105803290A CN 105803290 A CN105803290 A CN 105803290A CN 201610387201 A CN201610387201 A CN 201610387201A CN 105803290 A CN105803290 A CN 105803290A
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Shanxi middle coal mine international mining tool equipment Co., Ltd.
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K10/00Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
    • B23K10/02Plasma welding
    • B23K10/027Welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. build-up welding
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/051Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/005Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides comprising a particular metallic binder
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/067Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐磨钨合金材料的制备方法,该钨合金材料基体由如下重量组分组成:费氏粒度为1‑1.5μm的WC粉90‑95份,费氏粒度为0.5‑0.8μm的Co粉8‑12份,B粉1‑2份、石墨粉0.5‑1份。该方法制备的钨合金材料,可达到显著改善和控制材料的组织结构的目的,使得制备的钨合金材料强度和硬度能达到完美的匹配,综合性能优良。

Description

一种耐磨钨合金材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及合金材料制造领域,具体涉及一种耐磨钨合金材料的制备方法。
背景技术
硬质合金具有高强度、高硬度、优良的耐磨性、耐热性以及良好的抗腐蚀性等特点,因此广泛应用于高压、高转速、高温、腐蚀性介质等工作环境过孔是PCB的重要组成部分之一,其作用是各层间的电气连接通道和器件的固定或定位孔,用PCB微钻进行机械钻孔是最常用的加工方法。常规的PCB钻头寿命为2000-3000孔,但由于现代电器越来越智能和体积小型化,细导线化、窄间距化的印制电路板制造技术发展速度很快,PCB版的新材料也越来越坚硬,由于材料中存在很多坚固的材料、材料的导热率低、加工的速度越来越高等影响因素,在加工的过程会产生越来越多的热量,加速了刀具的磨损,使得PCB钻头寿命大为缩短,据统计,PCB钻头的主要失效形式是磨损、折断,这就要求加工印制电路板PCB孔的微钻钻头材质性能向更高的强度、硬度、耐磨性方向发展。
钨及其合金由于具有熔点高、强度大、导电导热性能好、抗蚀性能强及高温力学性能良好等优点,被广泛应用于高温加热、玻璃熔炼、高温结构支撑件等高温领域。
发明内容
本发明提供一种耐磨钨合金材料的制备方法,该方法制备的钨合金材料,可达到显著改善和控制材料的组织结构的目的,使得制备的钨合金材料强度和硬度能达到完美的匹配,综合性能优良。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种耐磨钨合金材料的制备方法,该钨合金材料基体由如下重量组分组成:费氏粒度为1-1.5μm的WC粉90-95份,费氏粒度为0.5-0.8μm的Co粉8-12份, B粉1-2份、石墨粉0.5-1份;
该方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按上述材料配方选取各材料组份;
(2)选用1Kg搅拌球磨机,先加入B粉、C粉和Co粉,按500ml/kg的比例加入戊醇作为研磨介质,按球料比例5:1加入研磨球,进行搅拌研磨,研磨球直径D7,球磨机搅拌速度480rpm,填充系数为0.85,研磨1小时;
(3)然后再加入碳化钨研磨5-7小时,形成料浆,形成料浆;
(4)过滤、干燥,过滤的目数为40-50目,干燥温度为70-85℃,制成硬质合金混合料粒;
(5)将硬质合金混合料粒通过模压或挤压或注塑成型,制成硬质合金毛坯;
(6)将硬质合金毛坯进入烧结炉进行烧结成型,烧结成型时的烧结温度为1400-1425℃、Ar压力为8-10Mpa、烧结时间为30-100min,得到钨合金基体;
(7)采用等离子堆焊机,将WCr合金粉末在所述钨合金基体表面上堆焊成合金涂层,其中,等离子堆焊机的各项工艺参数为:焊接电压为25-30V、焊接电流为140-190A、焊接速度为35-40mm/min、保护气流速度为10-12L/min,送粉速度为15-25g/min,摆动幅度为20-30mm;
等离子堆焊结束后,将等离子堆焊涂层和基板在空气中自然冷却到室温即得到具有涂层的钨合金材料。
依据上述方法制备的耐磨钨合金材料,可达到显著改善和控制材料的组织结构的目的,使得制备的钨合金材料强度和硬度能达到完美的匹配,综合性能优良。
具体实施方式
实施例一
本实施例的钨合金材料基体由如下重量组分组成:费氏粒度为1-1.5μm的WC粉90份,费氏粒度为0.5-0.8μm的Co粉8份, B粉1份、石墨粉0.5份。
按上述材料配方选取各材料组份。
选用1Kg搅拌球磨机,先加入B粉、C粉和Co粉,按500ml/kg的比例加入戊醇作为研磨介质,按球料比例5:1加入研磨球,进行搅拌研磨,研磨球直径D7,球磨机搅拌速度480rpm,填充系数为0.85,研磨1小时。
然后再加入碳化钨研磨5小时,形成料浆,形成料浆。
过滤、干燥,过滤的目数为40目,干燥温度为70℃,制成硬质合金混合料粒。
将硬质合金混合料粒通过模压或挤压或注塑成型,制成硬质合金毛坯。
将硬质合金毛坯进入烧结炉进行烧结成型,烧结成型时的烧结温度为1400℃、Ar压力为8Mpa、烧结时间为30min,得到钨合金基体;
采用等离子堆焊机,将WCr合金粉末在所述钨合金基体表面上堆焊成合金涂层,其中,等离子堆焊机的各项工艺参数为:焊接电压为25V、焊接电流为140A、焊接速度为35mm/min、保护气流速度为10L/min,送粉速度为15g/min,摆动幅度为20mm;等离子堆焊结束后,将等离子堆焊涂层和基板在空气中自然冷却到室温即得到具有涂层的钨合金材料。
实施例二
本实施例的钨合金材料基体由如下重量组分组成:费氏粒度为1-1.5μm的WC粉95份,费氏粒度为0.5-0.8μm的Co粉12份, B粉2份、石墨粉1份。
按上述材料配方选取各材料组份。
选用1Kg搅拌球磨机,先加入B粉、C粉和Co粉,按500ml/kg的比例加入戊醇作为研磨介质,按球料比例5:1加入研磨球,进行搅拌研磨,研磨球直径D7,球磨机搅拌速度480rpm,填充系数为0.85,研磨1小时。
然后再加入碳化钨研磨7小时,形成料浆,形成料浆。
过滤、干燥,过滤的目数为50目,干燥温度为85℃,制成硬质合金混合料粒。
将硬质合金混合料粒通过模压或挤压或注塑成型,制成硬质合金毛坯。
将硬质合金毛坯进入烧结炉进行烧结成型,烧结成型时的烧结温度为1425℃、Ar压力为10Mpa、烧结时间为100min,得到钨合金基体;
采用等离子堆焊机,将WCr合金粉末在所述钨合金基体表面上堆焊成合金涂层,其中,等离子堆焊机的各项工艺参数为:焊接电压为30V、焊接电流为190A、焊接速度为40mm/min、保护气流速度为12L/min,送粉速度为25g/min,摆动幅度为20-30mm;等离子堆焊结束后,将等离子堆焊涂层和基板在空气中自然冷却到室温即得到具有涂层的钨合金材料。
对实施例1-2的产品进行的测试,测试结果显示:产品的室温抗拉强度大于795MPa,洛氏硬度大于89.7。

Claims (1)

1.一种耐磨钨合金材料的制备方法,该钨合金材料基体由如下重量组分组成:费氏粒度为1-1.5μm的WC粉90-95份,费氏粒度为0.5-0.8μm的Co粉8-12份, B粉1-2份、石墨粉0.5-1份;
该方法包括如下步骤:
(1)按上述材料配方选取各材料组份;
(2)选用1Kg搅拌球磨机,先加入B粉、C粉和Co粉,按500ml/kg的比例加入戊醇作为研磨介质,按球料比例5:1加入研磨球,进行搅拌研磨,研磨球直径D7,球磨机搅拌速度480rpm,填充系数为0.85,研磨1小时;
(3)然后再加入碳化钨研磨5-7小时,形成料浆,形成料浆;
(4)过滤、干燥,过滤的目数为40-50目,干燥温度为70-85℃,制成硬质合金混合料粒;
(5)将硬质合金混合料粒通过模压或挤压或注塑成型,制成硬质合金毛坯;
(6)将硬质合金毛坯进入烧结炉进行烧结成型,烧结成型时的烧结温度为1400-1425℃、Ar压力为8-10Mpa、烧结时间为30-100min,得到钨合金基体;
(7)采用等离子堆焊机,将WCr合金粉末在所述钨合金基体表面上堆焊成合金涂层,其中,等离子堆焊机的各项工艺参数为:焊接电压为25-30V、焊接电流为140-190A、焊接速度为35-40mm/min、保护气流速度为10-12L/min,送粉速度为15-25g/min,摆动幅度为20-30mm;
等离子堆焊结束后,将等离子堆焊涂层和基板在空气中自然冷却到室温即得到具有涂层的钨合金材料。
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