A kind of mult-functional printing press
Technical field
The present invention relates to printing equipment, particularly to a kind of mult-functional printing press.
Background technology
At present, existing pcb board printer, it is by controlling programme-control alignment device, the actions such as doctor blade device and adjustment device, after making product enter pcb board printer, can accurately print, but owing to present scientific and technological progress development ratio is very fast, pcb board uses scope to be also continuously increased, the type of pcb board and type are also in continuous change, the particularly size of pcb board, the pcb board that present numeral science and technology product uses is undersized mostly, in conveying, in the processes such as steel mesh is fixing all relatively difficult, if adopting traditional scraper, then tin cream cannot be scraped to pcb board, traditional steel mesh also cannot meet the printing of pcb board, therefore, the steel mesh part to printer and scraper part is needed to improve.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the drawbacks described above for prior art, it is provided that a kind of mult-functional printing press, this mult-functional printing press can to SMT plate and pcb board printing, by controlling freely switching of system, it is achieved two kinds of printing functionalities.
nullFor solving the drawbacks described above of prior art,Present invention provide the technical scheme that a kind of mult-functional printing press,Including frame,Described frame is provided with for conveying products、And the adjustable delivery track device of high and low position can be regulated according to product thickness,The surface of described adjustable delivery track device is provided with steel mesh and moves device,Described steel mesh moves the surface of device and is provided with scraper mobile controller,Described steel mesh moves device and controls a steel mesh,Described scraper mobile controller controls the scraper head of a rigidity or flexibility,Being arranged right below the product lowering or hoisting gear of the product jack-up on described adjustable delivery track device of described adjustable delivery track device,Described product lowering or hoisting gear is provided with a top PING structure,Product on described adjustable delivery track device is delivered to specific bit from this adjustable delivery track device and postpones,Top PING structure is promoted by product lowering or hoisting gear,Top PING structure promotes product upwards,After arriving specified altitude assignment,Steel mesh moves device control steel mesh and moves to specifying position,The mesh anchor point making steel mesh overlaps with the anchor point of product,Scraper mobile controller controls flexible scraper head and moves above steel mesh,Steel mesh is carried out printing action,Described steel mesh moves device、Adjustable delivery track device、Scraper mobile controller、Product lowering or hoisting gear and scraper head control device by one and control,Described control device has two kinds of control systems,Two kinds are controlled system and are freely switched by switching push button,Two kinds control system respectively pcb board printing control system and SMT plate printing control system,When described control system is pcb board printing control system,Described scraper head is flexible,When described control system is SMT plate printing control system,Described scraper head is rigidity.
A kind of improvement as mult-functional printing press of the present invention, described scraper head includes being controlled movable scraper crossbeam by described scraper mobile controller, the middle part of described scraper crossbeam is provided with the fixing seat of a cylinder, the fixing seat of described cylinder is provided with a cylinder, the piston rod end of described cylinder is provided with the fixing online part of seat of a scraper head, the lower end of the fixing online part of seat of described scraper head is connected to the fixing seat of scraper, the fixing seat of described scraper is provided with electric device mounting seat, described electric device mounting seat is provided with two groups of electric controllers, two groups of electric controllers respectively front rubber roll cylinder electric controller and back cot cylinder electric controllers, described front rubber roll cylinder electric controller and described back cot cylinder electric controller control a rubber roll cartridge module respectively and move up and down;
Described rubber roll cartridge module includes rubber roll cylinder connecting plate, described rubber roll cylinder connecting plate be respectively arranged at two ends with a bearing block in D font, two described bearing blocks are connected by rubber roll cylinder;
Described rubber roll cylinder includes roller axle center, described roller axle center be coated with one layer of flexible cushion, the two ends in described roller axle center are located in a bearing respectively.
A kind of improvement as mult-functional printing press of the present invention, described front rubber roll cylinder electric controller includes the preamble wheel being arranged in electric device mounting seat and the front scraper lifting motor controlling the rotation of this synchronizing wheel, described preamble wheel connects a drive lead screw, the bottom of described drive lead screw connects rubber roll cylinder connecting plate, the output shaft of described front scraper lifting motor is provided with front driving pulley, and described front driving pulley is connected with described preamble wheel by Timing Belt;
Described back cot cylinder electric controller includes the rear synchronizing wheel being arranged in electric device mounting seat and the rear scraper lifting motor controlling the rotation of this synchronizing wheel, described rear synchronizing wheel connects a drive lead screw, the bottom of described drive lead screw connects described rubber roll cylinder connecting plate, the output shaft of described rear scraper lifting motor is provided with rear driving pulley, and described rear driving pulley is connected with described rear synchronizing wheel by Timing Belt;
The position of described drive lead screw and described rubber roll cylinder connecting plate is provided with connecting bottom board, and the side marginating compartment of described connecting bottom board is provided with multiple screw, and described connecting bottom board is connected with the screw on described rubber roll cylinder connecting plate through described screw by screw.
As a kind of improvement of mult-functional printing press of the present invention, described flexible cushion is wearable elastic TPU component, and described roller axle center is 304 stainless steel components.
A kind of improvement as mult-functional printing press of the present invention, described scraper head includes being controlled movable scraper crossbeam by described scraper mobile controller, the middle part of described scraper crossbeam is provided with the fixing seat of a cylinder, the fixing seat of described cylinder is provided with a cylinder, the piston rod end of described cylinder is provided with the fixing online part of seat of a scraper head, the lower end of the fixing online part of seat of described scraper head is connected to the fixing seat of scraper, the fixing seat of described scraper is provided with electric device mounting seat, described electric device mounting seat is provided with two groups of electric controllers, electric controller described in two groups controls one group of rigid scraper assembly respectively.
As a kind of improvement of mult-functional printing press of the present invention, described rigid scraper assembly includes rigid scraper installing plate, and described rigid scraper installing plate has one piece of rigid scraper sheet by screw locking.
A kind of improvement as mult-functional printing press of the present invention, described top PING structure withstands on the lower plane of steel mesh, the upper in-plane of described steel mesh is provided with a groove, is interval with multiple lower stannum hole, each described lower stannum hole is equipped with the needle tubing that the via pad with inserting element is alignd in described groove.
A kind of improvement as mult-functional printing press of the present invention, described top PING structure includes top PING base plate, on the PING base plate of described top, plane is interval with multiple flush end top PING stretched out vertically upward and multiple top, tip PING stretched out vertically upward, and the end of described most advanced and sophisticated top PING is provided with the tip for the via pad through inserting element.
As a kind of improvement of mult-functional printing press of the present invention, the degree of depth of described groove is 0.3mm~1.5mm;Described groove is square;One lateral edges of described groove is provided with steel mesh fabrication hole;Described steel mesh fabrication hole is square;The number in described lower stannum hole is identical with the quantity of component pins;The position in described lower stannum hole is identical with the position of component pins;The aperture in described lower stannum hole is 0.3mm~1.5mm.
A kind of improvement as mult-functional printing press of the present invention, the front side of described frame is provided with the rinser for cleaning described steel mesh, described frame is additionally provided with the CCD optical photographing positioner for sampling that product is taken pictures, described rinser includes clear net left plate and clear net right plate, the middle part of described clear net left plate and described clear net right plate is connected by a clean plate, the front side of described clear net left plate and described clear net right plate is connected by last item under a coil paper, under described coil paper, last item is equipped with bearing with the junction of described clear net left plate and described clear net right plate;Described clean plate one end is plugged in the middle through-hole of described clear net left plate, and the described clean plate other end is plugged in the middle through-hole of described clear net right plate, and on described clean plate, plane is interval with multiple exhaust vent;The paper end that enters of described clear net left plate and described clear net right plate is respectively provided with the front guide rod of supporting network paper, the paper delivery end of described clear net left plate and described clear net right plate is respectively provided with the back-guiding rod of transmission net paper, and two described back-guiding rods are driven by a motor respectively;Described clear net left plate and described clear net right plate enter paper end and paper delivery end all adopts at least one reinforced shaft connection fixing.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the advantage that the control device that the present invention adopts has two kinds of control systems, respectively pcb board printing control system and SMT plate printing control system, when control system is pcb board printing control system, scraper head is flexible, steel mesh is selected has reeded steel mesh, when control system is SMT plate printing control system, scraper head is rigidity, steel mesh adopts does not have reeded steel mesh, two kinds are controlled system and are freely switched by a switching button, make this machinery have two kinds of printing functionalities.
Flexible scraper head, flexible rubber roll cylinder can have rough pcb board to print for plane, it is coated with flexible cushion one layer flexible due to rubber roll cylinder, flexible cushion is formed by the TPU structure manufacture of wearable elastic, tin cream is enable to insert fully in the mesh of web plate, it is possible to be effectively improved the quality of production of web plate.This product is in use, control whole scraper head by cylinder to move up and down, when the cylinder whole scraper head of control moves to appointment position, controlled two rubber roll cylinders by two groups of rubber roll cylinder electric controllers again to move downward, when touching web plate, scraper crossbeam scraper crossbeam moves forward and backward, it is achieved scrape the action of tin cream.
The upper plane of steel mesh has rough middle printing zone, and middle printing zone is provided with the lower stannum hole identical with the quantity of component pins, and lower stannum hole is provided with needle tubing.The soldering paste being contained on steel net template, under certain pressure and speed, is bitten relevant position in the circuit board by the lower stannum hole on steel net template by steel mesh with plastic cement scraper.The effect in lower stannum hole is that soldering paste passes through it and drains on wiring board, and the quantity in lower stannum hole is the same with the quantity of component pins, and the position in lower stannum hole is the same with the position of component pins, to ensure that soldering paste just leaks at the position of components needing welding.In use, pcb board is delivered to the correspondence position of steel mesh from delivery track to this product, makes the hole for charging tin of pcb board overlap with the lower stannum hole on steel mesh, then passes through PING structure location, top pcb board, scrapes tin cream into hole for charging tin again through plastic cement doctor blade device.
The present invention passes through flexible scraper head unit, has reeded steel mesh and top PING structure, more convenient during printing PCB plate through hole, it is possible to effectively to solve the typography of pcb board inserting element.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Just with detailed description of the invention, the present invention and useful technique effect thereof are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings below, wherein:
Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is flexible scraper header structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is steel mesh of the present invention and top PING structural representation.
Fig. 4 is top PING structural representation.
Fig. 5 is steel mesh rinser structure chart.
Fig. 6 is A place enlarged drawing in Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is flexible scraper head front view.
Fig. 8 is flexible scraper head top view.
Fig. 9 is the rubber roll barrel structure schematic diagram of flexible scraper head.
nullAccompanying drawing labelling title: 1、Scraper crossbeam 2、Cylinder fixes seat 3、Cylinder 4、Scraper head fixes the online part 5 of seat、Seat 6 fixed by scraper、Electric device mounting seat 7、Electric controller 8、Front rubber roll cylinder electric controller 9、Back cot cylinder electric controller 10、Rubber roll cartridge module 11、Rubber roll cylinder connecting plate 12、Bearing block 13、Rubber roll cylinder 14、Roller axle center 15、Flexible cushion 16、Bearing 17、Timing Belt 18、Connecting bottom board 19、Screw 81、Preamble wheel 82、Front scraper lifting motor 83、Drive lead screw 84、Front driving pulley 91、Rear synchronizing wheel 92、Rear scraper lifting motor 93、Rear driving pulley 20、Scraper head 21、Steel mesh 22、Top PING structure 23、Groove 24、Lower stannum hole 25、Steel mesh fabrication hole 26、Frame 31、Frame 32、Adjustable delivery track device 33、Steel mesh moves device 34、Scraper mobile controller 35、Product lowering or hoisting gear 36、Rinser 221、Top PING base plate 222、Flush end top PING223、Most advanced and sophisticated top PING224、Most advanced and sophisticated 361、Clear net left plate 362、Clear net right plate 363、Clean plate 364、Last item 365 under coil paper、Bearing 366、Exhaust vent 367、Front guide rod 368、Back-guiding rod 369、Motor 3610、Reinforced shaft.
Detailed description of the invention
Just the invention will be further described with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings below, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
nullEmbodiment one: such as Fig. 1、Fig. 2、Fig. 3、Shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5,A kind of mult-functional printing press,Including frame 31,Frame 31 is provided with for conveying products、And the adjustable delivery track device 32 of high and low position can be regulated according to product thickness,The surface of adjustable delivery track device 32 is provided with steel mesh and moves device 33,Steel mesh moves the surface of device 33 and is provided with scraper mobile controller 34,Steel mesh moves device 33 and controls a steel mesh 21 with intermediate groove,Scraper mobile controller 34 controls the scraper head 20 of a flexibility,Being arranged right below the product lowering or hoisting gear 35 of the product jack-up on adjustable delivery track device 32 of adjustable delivery track device 32,Product lowering or hoisting gear 35 is provided with a top PING structure 22,Product on adjustable delivery track device 32 is delivered to specific bit from this adjustable delivery track device 32 and postpones,Top PING structure 22 is promoted by product lowering or hoisting gear 35,Top PING structure 22 promotes product upwards,After arriving specified altitude assignment,Steel mesh moves device control steel mesh and moves to specifying position,The mesh anchor point making steel mesh overlaps with the anchor point of product,Scraper mobile controller 34 controls flexible scraper head 20 and moves above steel mesh 21,Steel mesh 21 is carried out printing action,Steel mesh moves device 33、Adjustable delivery track device 32、Scraper mobile controller 34、Product lowering or hoisting gear 35 and flexible scraper head 20 control device by one and control.Control device and there are two kinds of control systems, two kinds are controlled system and are freely switched by switching push button, two kinds control system respectively pcb board printing control system and SMT plate printing control system, when control system is pcb board printing control system, scraper head 20 is flexible, when control system is SMT plate printing control system, scraper head 20 is rigidity.
Such as Fig. 2, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, flexible scraper head 20 includes being controlled movable scraper crossbeam 1 by scraper mobile controller, the middle part of scraper crossbeam 1 is provided with the fixing seat 2 of a cylinder, the fixing seat 2 of cylinder is provided with a cylinder 3, the piston rod end of cylinder 3 is provided with the fixing online part 4 of seat of a scraper head, the lower end of the fixing online part 4 of seat of scraper head is connected to the fixing seat 5 of scraper, the fixing seat 5 of scraper is provided with electric device mounting seat 6, electric device mounting seat 6 is provided with two groups of electric controllers 7, two groups of electric controllers 7 respectively front rubber roll cylinder electric controller 8 and back cot cylinder electric controllers 9, front rubber roll cylinder electric controller 8 and back cot cylinder electric controller 9 control a rubber roll cartridge module 10 respectively and move up and down.
Preferably, rubber roll cartridge module 10 includes rubber roll cylinder connecting plate 11, rubber roll cylinder connecting plate 11 be respectively arranged at two ends with a bearing block 12 in D font, two bearing blocks 12 are connected by rubber roll cylinder 13.
Preferably, rubber roll cylinder 13 includes roller axle center 14, roller axle center 14 be coated with one layer of flexible cushion 15, the two ends in roller axle center 14 are located in a bearing 16 respectively.
Preferably, front rubber roll cylinder electric controller 8 includes the preamble wheel 81 being arranged in electric device mounting seat 6 and the front scraper lifting motor 82 controlling the rotation of this synchronizing wheel, preamble wheel 81 connection one drive lead screw 83, the bottom of drive lead screw 83 connects rubber roll cylinder connecting plate 11, the output shaft of front scraper lifting motor 82 is provided with front driving pulley 84, and front driving pulley 84 is taken turns 81 by Timing Belt 17 with preamble and is connected.
Preferably, back cot cylinder electric controller 9 includes the rear synchronizing wheel 91 being arranged in electric device mounting seat 6 and the rear scraper lifting motor 92 controlling this synchronous axial system, rear synchronizing wheel 91 connects a drive lead screw, the bottom of drive lead screw connects rubber roll cylinder connecting plate 11, the output shaft of rear scraper lifting motor 92 is provided with rear driving pulley 93, and rear driving pulley 93 is connected with rear synchronizing wheel 91 by Timing Belt 17.
Preferably, the position of drive lead screw and rubber roll cylinder connecting plate 11 is provided with connecting bottom board 18, and the side marginating compartment of connecting bottom board 18 is provided with multiple screw 19, and connecting bottom board 18 is connected with the screw on rubber roll cylinder connecting plate 11 through screw 19 by screw.
Preferably, flexible cushion 15 is wearable elastic TPU component.Tin cream when running into the printing of rough pcb board, can be linked in the mesh of web plate by the flexible cushion 15 of wearable elastic TPU structure manufacture fully.
Preferably, roller axle center 14 is 304 stainless steel components.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, top PING structure 22 withstands on the lower plane of steel mesh 21, and the upper in-plane of steel mesh 21 is provided with a groove 23, is interval with multiple lower stannum hole 24, each lower stannum hole 24 is equipped with the needle tubing that the via pad with inserting element is alignd in groove 23.Four limits of steel mesh 21 are equipped with a frame 26.
Preferably, top PING structure 22 includes top PING base plate 221, on the PING base plate 221 of top, plane is interval with multiple flush end top PING222 stretched out vertically upward and multiple top, tip PING223 stretched out vertically upward, and the end of most advanced and sophisticated top PING223 is provided with the tip 224 for the via pad through inserting element.
Preferably, the degree of depth of groove 23 is 0.3mm~1.5mm.Arranging of groove 23 can be printed for the pcb board of various thickness
Preferably, groove 23 is square.
Preferably, a lateral edges of groove 23 is provided with steel mesh fabrication hole 25.Steel mesh fabrication hole 25 is for the para-position of steel mesh with pcb board.
Preferably, steel mesh fabrication hole 25 is square.
Preferably, the number in lower stannum hole 24 is identical with the quantity of component pins;The position in lower stannum hole 24 is identical with the position of component pins.
Preferably, the aperture in lower stannum hole 24 is 0.3mm~1.5mm.The size to fit in lower stannum hole 24, causes too greatly soldering paste too much and short-circuit, too little cause soldering paste very few and lacks stannum.
As shown in Figure 6, the front side of frame 1 is provided with the rinser 36 for cleaning steel mesh, frame 1 is additionally provided with the CCD optical photographing positioner for sampling that product is taken pictures, rinser 36 includes clear net left plate 361 and clear net right plate 362, the middle part of clear net left plate 361 and clear net right plate 362 is connected by a clean plate 363, the front side of clear net left plate 361 and clear net right plate 362 is connected by last item 364 under a coil paper, and under coil paper, last item 364 is equipped with bearing 365 with the junction of clear net left plate 361 and clear net right plate 362.
Preferably, under coil paper the level height of last item 364 lower than the level height of clean plate 363.Gauze is in the process of conveying, and under coil paper, last item 364 is pressed under gauze, then again from the upper plane process of clean plate 363, gauze is carried out.
Preferably, clean plate 363 one end is plugged in the middle through-hole of clear net left plate 361, and clean plate 363 other end is plugged in the middle through-hole of clear net right plate 362, and on clean plate 363, plane is interval with multiple exhaust vent 366.
Preferably, exhaust vent 366 is bar shaped exhaust vent.Wind-out range is wider, and gauze is cleaned more comprehensively.
Preferably, the paper end that enters of clear net left plate 361 and clear net right plate 362 is respectively provided with the front guide rod 367 of supporting network paper, the paper delivery end of clear net left plate 1 and clear net right plate 2 is respectively provided with the back-guiding rod 368 of transmission net paper, and two back-guiding rods 368 are driven by a motor 369 respectively.
Preferably, clear net left plate 361 and clear net right plate 362 enter paper end and paper delivery end all to adopt at least one reinforced shaft 3610 to connect fixing.
Preferably, under coil paper, the diameter of last item 364 is 5mm~20mm.
The rinser of the present invention decreases the step of lock screw and the quantity of lower last item than traditional rinser, only with last item under a coil paper, the dynamics of platen can be reduced, prevent paperboard and the phenomenon of disconnected paper, not needing screw locking, do not have the regular phenomenon hitting steel mesh of the screw on locking accessory, what the present invention was arranged on pcb board printer enters gauze place, gauze is carried out, it is possible to the conveying stability and the transport that are greatly improved gauze are more steady.
The invention have the advantage that the scraper head that present invention employs flexibility, flexible rubber roll cylinder can have rough pcb board to print for plane, it is coated with flexible cushion one layer flexible due to rubber roll cylinder, flexible cushion is formed by the TPU structure manufacture of wearable elastic, tin cream is enable to insert fully in the mesh of web plate, it is possible to be effectively improved the quality of production of web plate.This product is in use, control whole scraper head by cylinder to move up and down, when the cylinder whole scraper head of control moves to appointment position, controlled two rubber roll cylinders by two groups of rubber roll cylinder electric controllers again to move downward, when touching web plate, scraper crossbeam scraper crossbeam moves forward and backward, it is achieved scrape the action of tin cream.
The present invention additionally uses the steel mesh of the pcb board of applicable plug-in mounting components and parts, and the upper plane of steel mesh has rough middle printing zone, and middle printing zone is provided with the lower stannum hole identical with the quantity of component pins, and lower stannum hole is provided with needle tubing.The soldering paste being contained on steel net template, under certain pressure and speed, is bitten relevant position in the circuit board by the lower stannum hole on steel net template by steel mesh with plastic cement scraper.The effect in lower stannum hole is that soldering paste passes through it and drains on wiring board, and the quantity in lower stannum hole is the same with the quantity of component pins, and the position in lower stannum hole is the same with the position of component pins, to ensure that soldering paste just leaks at the position of components needing welding.In use, pcb board is delivered to the correspondence position of steel mesh from delivery track to this product, makes the hole for charging tin of pcb board overlap with the lower stannum hole on steel mesh, then passes through top PING and positions pcb board, scrapes tin cream into hole for charging tin again through plastic cement doctor blade device.
The present invention passes through flexible scraper head unit, has reeded steel mesh and top PING, more convenient during printing PCB plate through hole, it is possible to effectively to solve the typography that pcb board inserting element is later.
nullEmbodiment two: a kind of mult-functional printing press,Including frame 31,Frame 31 is provided with for conveying products、And the adjustable delivery track device 32 of high and low position can be regulated according to product thickness,The surface of adjustable delivery track device 32 is provided with steel mesh and moves device 33,Steel mesh moves the surface of device 33 and is provided with scraper mobile controller 34,Steel mesh moves device 33 and controls the steel mesh 21 of a plane,Scraper mobile controller 34 controls the scraper head of a rigidity,Being arranged right below the product lowering or hoisting gear 35 of the product jack-up on adjustable delivery track device 32 of adjustable delivery track device 32,Product lowering or hoisting gear 35 is provided with a top PING structure 22,Product on adjustable delivery track device 32 is delivered to specific bit from this adjustable delivery track device 32 and postpones,Top PING structure 22 is promoted by product lowering or hoisting gear 35,Top PING structure 22 promotes product upwards,After arriving specified altitude assignment,Steel mesh moves device control steel mesh and moves to specifying position,The mesh anchor point making steel mesh overlaps with the anchor point of product,Scraper mobile controller 34 controls scraper head and moves above steel mesh 21,Steel mesh 21 is carried out printing action,Steel mesh moves device 33、Adjustable delivery track device 32、Scraper mobile controller 34、Product lowering or hoisting gear 35 and flexible scraper head 20 control device by one and control.The control program controlled in device arranges two kinds of programs, then freely switches.When printing PCB plate through hole, program switches to PCB plate through hole print routine, and steel mesh 21 changes into the reeded steel mesh of tool, and scraper head adopts flexible scraper head.Scraper head 20 includes being controlled movable scraper crossbeam 1 by scraper mobile controller, the middle part of scraper crossbeam 1 is provided with the fixing seat 2 of a cylinder, the fixing seat 2 of cylinder is provided with a cylinder 3, the piston rod end of cylinder 3 is provided with the fixing online part 4 of seat of a scraper head, the lower end of the fixing online part 4 of seat of scraper head is connected to the fixing seat 5 of scraper, the fixing seat 5 of scraper is provided with electric device mounting seat 6, electric device mounting seat 6 is provided with two groups of electric controllers 7, and two groups of electric controllers 7 control one group of rigid scraper assembly respectively;Rigid scraper assembly includes rigid scraper installing plate, and rigid scraper installing plate has one piece of rigid scraper sheet by screw locking.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, being appreciated that when without departing from principles of the invention and structure and these embodiments can be carried out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification, the scope of the invention and equivalency range limits.