CN105797572B - A kind of biological method purification CO2Reaction bed - Google Patents

A kind of biological method purification CO2Reaction bed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105797572B
CN105797572B CN201610169260.0A CN201610169260A CN105797572B CN 105797572 B CN105797572 B CN 105797572B CN 201610169260 A CN201610169260 A CN 201610169260A CN 105797572 B CN105797572 B CN 105797572B
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reaction bed
circulation duct
biological method
method purification
nutrient solution
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CN105797572A (en
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何曦
叶明强
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Aerospace Kaitian Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84Biological processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62Carbon oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504Carbon dioxide
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of biological method purification CO2Reaction bed, reaction bed surface cultivation is able to carry out photosynthetic biology;Reaction bed bottom is equipped with circulation duct, setting nutrient solution and suspended nano twilight sunset particle in the circulation duct;The reaction bed surface is connected in the nutrient solution in circulation duct by water absorption channel.The present invention breaches biological method purification CO2Present in the bottleneck that cannot take into account of the efficiency of light energy utilization and biogenic accumulation density, bed structure is reacted by rationally designing, not only it can increase biogenic accumulation density but also optical energy utilization efficiency can be improved, daytime can utilize natural light, evening power available auxiliary can reduce by 90% or more compared with the technologies energy consumption such as ammonia absorption, calcium circulation, oxygen-enriched combusting, electrochemistry, and the present invention has cost of investment low, the advantages of apparatus structure is simple, can operate continuously.

Description

A kind of biological method purification CO2Reaction bed
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of CO2Purification techniques, more particularly to one kind is with biological method purification CO2Reaction bed.
Background technique
The CO of mankind's activity discharge2Climate change is caused to cause the great attention in global range, each state is all exerting Power attempts CO2Emission reduction and administration way.According to statistics, with CO2It largely discharges, causes complete in the past 100 years for the greenhouse gases of representative Ball temperature steeply rises.According to the United Nations's recent statistics, global environment refugee is up to 25,000,000, it is contemplated that the year two thousand fifty global warming Caused environment-refugee is up to 1.5 hundred million.Although in recent years the whole world green energy resource field (wind energy, luminous energy etc.) into Exhibition, but fossil fuel remains unchanged the main energy sources as industry in a short time.
CO2There are many purification techniques, mainly there is ammonia absorption process, calcium round-robin method, oxygen-rich combustion method, electrochemical process.Ammonia absorption process Be using organic or inorganic ammonium salt as reaction raw materials, by with CO2It reacts and absorption cleaning CO2;Calcium round-robin method using CaO with CO2Reaction generates CaCO3Reach purification CO2Purpose;Oxygen-enriched combusting rule is by CO2With pure O2Combustible is used for as combustion adjuvant Burning, to generate the CO of high-purity2And compress storage;Electrochemistry rule utilizes electro-catalysis by CO2It is directly translated into organic molten Liquid.
However, all there is energy consumption height or be easy to generate secondary pollution problems to environment in the above method.For example, ammonia absorption process Ammonium carbonate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate are generated after absorption, the carbonate of ammonium is unstable, is easy to decompose generation CO again2;Calcium round-robin method needs A large amount of consumption CaO, and its product CaCO3Only just there is preferable economic value under high-purity, and with CaCO3Thermal decomposition system Standby pure CO2And it recycles CaO and then needs to consume additional thermal energy;Oxygen-enriched combusting is needed using pure oxygen, while being needed to compress and being System auxiliary work, higher cost;Electro-catalysis is also laboratory stage at present, and transfer efficiency and cost, which become, inhibits its development Factor.
In addition, there are also a kind of bioanalysis, it is by photosynthesis absorption cleaning CO2.Photosynthesis is that the Nature assigns CO can be purified in a mild condition2Process, although it is certain biology monomer purify CO2Ability is limited, but it has in a mild condition Superpower fertility, to have powerful purification CO2Potentiality.But at present with biological method purification CO2There are luminous energy benefits The problem of cannot being taken into account with rate and biogenic accumulation density, although such as stacked structure can increase biogenic accumulation density and can cause The problems such as illumination is insufficient;And although the cyanobacteria efficiency of light energy utilization in pond is ensured, bulk density is too low.Both Situation leads to CO2Purification efficiency is low, this is also to influence biological cleaning CO2The most important reason that method is introduced to the market.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being:For existing biological method purification CO2Existing purification efficiency is low to be lacked It falls into, a kind of biological method purification CO is provided2Reaction bed, by rationally design purification reaction bed structure, both can increase biogenic accumulation Density can improve optical energy utilization efficiency again.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
A kind of biological method purification CO2Reaction bed, reaction bed surface cultivation is able to carry out photosynthetic biology;Instead A bottom is answered to be equipped with circulation duct, setting nutrient solution and suspended nano twilight sunset particle in the circulation duct;The reaction Bed surface is connected in the nutrient solution in circulation duct by water absorption channel.
Further, the circulation duct is wholely set with reaction bed, and the circulation duct is equipped with opening up circulation Aperture, the water absorption channel are extended in circulation duct by the aperture that circulates.
Further, the water absorption channel is strip water sucting part made of water-absorbent material.
Further, the circulation duct both ends are formed into a loop with nutrition pond respectively.
Further, the circuit is equipped with light pond, equipped with light source to more than the suspended nano in nutrient solution in the smooth pond Brightness particle is irradiated accumulation of energy.
Preferably, the circulation duct is using several criss-cross rectilinear duct arrangements.
Preferably, the circulation duct is arranged in the form of serpentine coil.
Preferably, the circulation duct is arranged in the form of concentric circles or helix.
Preferably, the circulation duct is arranged in the form of diamond shape diagonal line intersection.
In the present invention, the biology uses cyanobacteria.
The present invention by adopting the above technical scheme, reaction bed is stacked to form CO2Cleaning module, the runner pipe of reaction bed bottom Road can play a supporting role to reaction bed, and reaction bed stacks setting and improves biogenic accumulation density, will have stronger photosynthesis Biology uniformly on reaction bed, reaction bed has the wetting capacity as wick, can pass through by water absorption channel for cultivation Water absorption channel draws nutrient solution from runner pipe, and the nutrient solution of absorption is used to maintain the nutritional need of the survival of the biology.It suspends Nanometer twilight sunset particle constantly discharges savings luminous energy during flowing in circulation duct carries out photosynthetic for biology Light source, can the optimal wavelength according to needed for cyanobacteria photosynthesis suspended nano twilight sunset particle is designed, realize light-use The maximization of efficiency.By rationally designing distributed quantity of the suspended nano twilight sunset particle in circulation duct, may be implemented to anti- The comprehensive of bed, high-intensity illumination covering are answered, the efficiency of light energy utilization in photosynthesis is improved, the present invention utilizes natural light on daytime It carries out photosynthesis and energy storage is irradiated to suspended nano twilight sunset particle by light source at night, then provide light to reaction bed According to realizing photosynthetic continuity.Nutrient solution can be supplemented by nutrition pond, periodically be examined by nutrient solution on-line detecting system Nutrient solution Expenditure Levels in water body are surveyed, and are supplemented using the concentrated nutrient solution of storage, to meet carbon sequestration existence need It asks.
The present invention breaches biological method purification CO2Present in the bottle that cannot take into account of the efficiency of light energy utilization and biogenic accumulation density Neck has the advantages that:
1, biological as culture using the cyanobacteria for being easy to cultivate, fertility is strong, make cyanobacteria in conjunction with technical side of the invention Cluster CO2Purification efficiency is effectively promoted.
2, the luminous energy under high-bulk-density is efficient to be realized to the absorption of luminous energy, release function by suspended nano twilight sunset particle Transmission and utilization.
3, (optical wavelength can be set the designability of suspended nano twilight sunset particle according to cyanobacteria photosynthesis optimal wavelength Meter) efficiency of light energy utilization can be further improved.
4, nutritional ingredient is provided to cyanobacteria by immersional wetting, the consumption of nutrient solution can be reduced, also can control cyanobacteria Reproduction speed.
5, the suspended nano twilight sunset particle after discharging luminous energy can carry out filling energy using natural light on daytime, in natural light deficiency In the case where be irradiated using ultraviolet lamp and fill energy.
6, the present invention, which stack using reaction bed, forms cleaning module, while improving biogenic accumulation density, also has The advantage that the efficiency of light energy utilization is high, low energy consumption, mild to environmental requirement, it is existing compared with ammonia absorption, calcium circulation, oxygen-enriched combusting, electrochemistry etc. There is technology energy consumption that can reduce by 90% or more.
7, purification CO of the invention2Device has cost of investment low, and apparatus structure is simple, can be according to CO2The flexible cloth of improvement amount The quantity of reaction bed is set, can be operated continuously, can also be prepared into mobile purification device as needed.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the reaction bed top view in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the reaction bed circulation duct diagrammatic cross-section in embodiment.
Fig. 3 is that the reaction bed in embodiment stacks schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 (a) is the serpentine coil equivalent arrangements schematic diagram of the reaction bed circulation duct in embodiment.
Fig. 4 (b) is the diamond shape diagonal line equivalent arrangements schematic diagram of the reaction bed circulation duct in embodiment.
Fig. 4 (c) is the concentric loop equivalent arrangements schematic diagram of the reaction bed circulation duct in embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the CO in embodiment2The structural schematic diagram of purification device.
Fig. 6 is the light pond schematic diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the nutrition pond schematic diagram in embodiment.
Figure label:
1- air inlet module, 11- air-inlet grille,
2-CO2Cleaning module, 21- reaction bed, 211- water absorption channel, 22- circulation duct, 221- circulation aperture, 222- are outstanding Floating nanometer twilight sunset particle, 223- nutrient solution, the snakelike equivalent circulation duct of 23-, the equivalent circulation duct of 24- concentric circles, 25- diamond shape pair The equivalent circulation duct of linea angulata,
3- outlet module, 31- air outlet grate,
4- drainage pipeline, 41- branch drain,
5- water inlet line, 51- water inlet pipe,
6- light pond, 61- ultraviolet lamp tube,
7- nutrition pond, 71- nutrient solution intelligent regulating device.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the upper surface of the reaction bed 21 in diagram is uniformly distributed cyanobacteria, and 21 bottom of reaction bed is equipped with Circulation duct 22, the interior setting nutrient solution of circulation duct 22 and suspended nano twilight sunset particle, 21 surface of reaction bed are logical by water suction Road 211 is connected in the nutrient solution in circulation duct, and circulation duct 22 is wholely set with reaction bed 1, and circulation duct 22 is equipped with and opens The circulation aperture 221 of mouth upward, water absorption channel 211 are extended in circulation duct by the aperture 221 that circulates, are drawn in circulation duct Nutrient solution be delivered to reaction bed upper surface, for reaction bed upper surface cyanobacteria survive nutrient, CO2Air-flow leads to above reaction bed It crosses, carries out photosynthesis for cyanobacteria, release O2
For water absorption channel 211 using strip water sucting part made of water-absorbent material, the liquid level of nutrient solution should be lower than stream The height of logical aperture 221.
It is arranged as shown in figure 3, several reaction beds 21 are stacked, circulation duct 22 plays a supportive role to reaction bed 21, is formed One CO2The biogenic accumulation density of cyanobacteria, CO can be improved in cleaning module 22Pass through from the stacking space between every layer of reaction bed, with Cyanobacteria contact, and light source is provided by the suspended nano twilight sunset particle in the circulation duct of every layer of reaction bed, guarantee photosynthesis Purify CO2It runs well.In addition, reaction bed and circulation duct are preferably made of transparent material, the translucency of light source is improved.
Circulation duct 22 in Fig. 1 includes several lateral rectilinear ducts and several parallel longitudinal rectilinear ducts in parallel, It is mutually perpendicular to interlaced arrangement.
In addition, the circulation duct in Fig. 4 (a) uses snakelike equivalent circulation duct as shown in Fig. 4 (a), 4 (b), 4 (c) 23, reaction bed bottom is arranged in the form of serpentine coil.
Circulation duct in Fig. 4 (b) uses the equivalent circulation duct 25 of diamond shape diagonal line, and circulation duct is arranged to two and is inscribed Diamond shape, and by the cornerwise form arranged crosswise of diamond shape in reaction bed bottom.
Circulation duct in Fig. 4 (c) uses the equivalent circulation duct 24 of concentric circles, and circulation duct is using several concentric circles Form is arranged in reaction bed bottom, is interconnected between each circular pipe by rectilinear duct in length and breadth, similar arrangement Spiral equivalent circulation duct also can be used.
No matter the circulation duct arrangement of which kind of form is intended to form integrated connection, and covers entire reaction bed bottom surface, Interconnected circulation duct both ends pass through pipeline respectively and are connected to nutrition pond, form nutrient solution supplementary loop.
In conjunction with referring to Fig. 5, one of diagram CO2Purification device use Fig. 1 shown in reaction bed, specifically include into Gas module 1, CO2Cleaning module 2, outlet module 3, drainage pipeline 4, water inlet line 5, light pond 6 and nutrition pond 7.Wherein, CO2Purification Module 2 is arranged by several reaction beds 21 stacking, and reaction bed surface cultivates cyanobacteria, CO2From the stacking space between reaction bed Circulation, 21 bottom of reaction bed are equipped with circulation duct 22, nutrient solution 223 needed for setting cyanobacteria Survival and growth in circulation duct 22 And suspended nano twilight sunset particle 222,21 surface of reaction bed are connected to the nutrition in circulation duct 222 by water absorption channel 211 In liquid.
In Fig. 5,22 both ends of circulation duct of reaction bed 21 pass through water inlet line 5 respectively and drainage pipeline 4 connects light pond 6 With nutrition pond 7, in conjunction with referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, light pond 6 and the series connection of nutrition pond 7 in the loop, form nutrient solution supplementary loop and light Energy circuit is filled in source irradiation, after the nutrient solution consumption in circulation duct 22, passes through the nutrient solution intelligent regulating device 71 in nutrition pond 7 It is actively supplemented, by nutrient solution Expenditure Levels in nutrient solution on-line detecting system periodic detection water body, and utilizes storage Concentrated nutrient solution is supplemented, with meet carbon sequestration survivability requirement (nutrient solution online measuring technique be existing mature technology, This is not repeated them here), it is irradiated as the suspended nano twilight sunset particle that nutrient solution flows then passes through the light source being arranged above light pond 6 Energy is filled, light source uses ultraviolet lamp tube 61.Suspended nano twilight sunset particle uses light-storing and emitting material, after energy being filled by irradiation, From main light emission in the case where gauge without light source, as the photosynthetic light source of cyanobacteria on night reaction bed.
The circulation duct of several layers reaction bed pass through respectively several water inlet pipes 51 and branch drain 41 respectively with water inlet pipe Road 5 and drainage pipeline 4 converge.
It is respectively equipped with air-inlet grille 11 and air outlet grate 31 in air inlet module 1 and outlet module 3, air-inlet grille 11 and goes out Gas grid 31 respectively with the stacking space articulation of reaction bed, by CO2Gas flow guiding is to the stacking space of reaction bed.
Using above-mentioned CO2The specific work process of purification device is as follows:By a certain concentration CO2Gas is sent into CO2Purification device In, several plumes are uniformly divided under the action of air-inlet grille 11 to CO2Cleaning module 2.CO2Cleaning module 2 is by Fig. 1 into Fig. 3 Shown in reaction bed 21, circulation duct 22 form, in addition, circulation duct can also be referring in Fig. 4 (a), Fig. 4 (b), Fig. 4 (c) Equivalent circulation duct is laid out, and has opening up circulation aperture 221 in circulation duct 22, has the suction arranged downwards in reaction bed 21 Aquaporin 211.Circulation duct 22 is equipped with the nutrient solution 223 and suspended nano twilight sunset particle 222 modulated, wherein nutrient solution 223 liquid levels are no more than the most lower edge of circulation aperture 221.Cyanobacteria is distributed on reaction bed 21, and reaction bed 21 has as wick The same wetting capacity can draw nutrient solution 223 by water absorption channel 211 from runner pipe 22, guarantee the survival of cyanobacteria, hang Floating nanometer twilight sunset particle 222 constantly discharges the luminous energy of savings for cyanobacteria photosynthetic work during flowing in circulation duct 22 With.Cyanobacteria absorbs CO under nutrient solution 223,222 illumination of suspended nano twilight sunset particle2Photosynthesis is carried out, purification CO is reached2's Purpose.Purified gas draws CO by air outlet grate 312Cleaning module.
In purification process, the suspended nano twilight sunset particle 222 after discharging luminous energy flows together with nutrient solution, flows through light pond 6 be irradiated fill can, the nutrient solution 223 of consumption is automatically replenished in nutrition pond 7.Fluid after filling energy, Additional nutrient solution It is flowed back in circulation duct 22 by pipeline, carries out next round CO2Purification.By uninterruptedly filling energy, Additional nutrient solution, is formed and continued Continuous CO2Purification process.In use for some time, work as CO2When purification efficiency is decreased obviously, system of closing takes out cyanobacteria storage It is stored in marsh gas fermentation pool and ferments.System in parallel can also be covered, to realize the effect of hitless operation more.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment Limitation, other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention, It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of biological method purification CO2Reaction bed, it is characterised in that:
The reaction bed surface cultivation is able to carry out photosynthetic biology;
Reaction bed bottom is equipped with circulation duct, setting nutrient solution and suspended nano twilight sunset particle in the circulation duct, institute It states circulation duct both ends to be formed into a loop with nutrition pond respectively, the circuit is equipped with light pond, and light source is equipped in the smooth pond to battalion Suspended nano twilight sunset particle in nutrient solution is irradiated accumulation of energy;
The reaction bed surface is connected in the nutrient solution in circulation duct by water absorption channel.
2. a kind of biological method purification CO according to claim 12Reaction bed, the circulation duct integrally sets with reaction bed It sets, the circulation duct is equipped with opening up circulation aperture, and the water absorption channel extends to circulation duct by the aperture that circulates It is interior.
3. a kind of biological method purification CO according to claim 22Reaction bed, the water absorption channel is made of water-absorbent material Strip water sucting part.
4. a kind of biological method purification CO according to claim 12Reaction bed, the circulation duct handed in length and breadth using several Wrong rectilinear duct arrangement.
5. a kind of biological method purification CO according to claim 12Reaction bed, the circulation duct is using serpentine coil Form arrangement.
6. a kind of biological method purification CO according to claim 12Reaction bed, the circulation duct use concentric circles or spiral shell The form of spin line is arranged.
7. a kind of biological method purification CO according to claim 12Reaction bed, the circulation duct use diamond shape diagonal line The form of intersection is arranged.
8. a kind of biological method purification CO described in any one of -7 according to claim 12Reaction bed, it is described biology be cyanobacteria.
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