CN105794380A - Soil testing and formulated fertilization method of soybeans - Google Patents
Soil testing and formulated fertilization method of soybeans Download PDFInfo
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- CN105794380A CN105794380A CN201410843370.1A CN201410843370A CN105794380A CN 105794380 A CN105794380 A CN 105794380A CN 201410843370 A CN201410843370 A CN 201410843370A CN 105794380 A CN105794380 A CN 105794380A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a soil testing and formulated fertilization method of soybeans. The invention provides a soil testing fertilization method able to enhance the fertilizer utilization rate and increase soybean yield. The technical scheme includes: pre-sowing fertilization, and growing period fertilization. Different fertilization amounts are determined according to different required nutrients. The main steps consist of soil nutrient determination, fertilization amount calculation, and fertilization. Fertilization with the fertilizer provided by the invention balances soil nutrients, does not destroy the soil environment, and timely provides the needed nutrition, enhances the fertilizer utilization rate, improves the soybean quality, increases the yield, also does not cause over-fertilization, and protects the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, specifically a kind of Semen sojae atricolor soil testing and formulated fertilization method.
Background technology
Semen sojae atricolor originates in China, is select evolution from wild soybean through long-term qualitative cultivation.Semen sojae atricolor is high nutrition crop, containing protein about 40%, wherein contains biological 8 required seed amino acids: lysine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, valine, tryptophan, phenylalanine.Rich in unsaturated fatty acid in soybean oil, it is possible to reduce human serum cholesterol；Soybean isoflavone can suppress cancer, it is prevented that osteoporosis, reduces cholesterol；Soyasaponins has the effect reducing blood fat and serum cholesterol；Soybean oligo saccharide can promote the propagation of bacillus bifidus in intestinal, improves the effects such as intestinal microbial population.
The present, in the past few years the sown area of Semen sojae atricolor, per unit area yield, total output were all on a declining curve, according to whole nation Soybean Production Situation, for improving Semen sojae atricolor quality and yield, it is continuously increased the economic benefit of Semen sojae atricolor, is badly in need of a kind of method that could alter that soybean yields declines and occurs, to change Soybean Production Situation.
Fertilization compositions based on earth measurement is according to rational application of fertilizers know-why, by carrying out soil testing and manuring field trial, find out soil supplying nutrient capability, crop regulation of fertilizer requirement and fertilizer effect situation, it is thus achieved that, correction rational application of fertilizers parameter, set up the rational application of fertilizers model of Different Crop, soil type.According to soil testing result and correlated condition, apply rational application of fertilizers model, simultaneously by fertilizer quality detection means, it is ensured that the quality of various fertilizer.Improve the yield of crop, improve the quality of crop, decrease the waste of fertilizer simultaneously, protect environment.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of soil testing and fertilizer recommendation method improving utilization rate of fertilizer, increase soybean yields.
Proposing concrete scheme according to above-mentioned purpose: soybean fertilization mainly divides 2 stages, preceding dressing, trophophase apply fertilizer, different according to required nutrient, determine that different doses, main step are soil nutrient mensuration, calculation of fertilization amount, fertilising.
The fertility situation of soil is determined according to the content of soil nutrient measured, and in conjunction with the Semen sojae atricolor demand at individual growth period nutrient, it is determined that concrete fertilizing method.
1, preceding dressing
Applying seed manure, main application of organic fertilizers: measuring soil fertility, to be the dose such as medium or low be: uses the fertilizer 2000kg-3000kg become thoroughly decomposed for every mu, and mixes application of phosphoric acid diammonium 5kg-8kg, potassium sulfate 10kg-12kg；When soil fertility is high, application of organic fertilizers 1000kg-1500kg, and mix application of phosphoric acid diammonium 5kg-8kg, potassium sulfate 10kg-12kg, used in conjunction with whole mixing.
2, trophophase divides 3 stage fertilisings
(1) Germination of Soybean Seed is to just spending early stage
After soybean seedling is unearthed, from soil, namely absorb rapidly quick-acting nitride；When first compound leaf occurs in soybean seedling, though root nodule is formed, but nitrogen fixing capacity not yet gives full play to, and the nitrogen quantity now needed is few, the seed manure used in soil can provide nutrient, not easily many applying fertilizers；Along with the growth of Semen sojae atricolor, when branch starts the phase, the fertile amount needed for Semen sojae atricolor increases, and uses carbamide 7.5kg-9kg, calcium superphosphate 5kg-7kg, ammonium nitrate 3kg-5kg, is uniformly mixed for every mu, is spreading manuer in holes from soybean plant strain 8cm-10cm place；
(2) early flowering season to the whole florescence
In this period, the demand of nitrogen is accounted for the 28.5% of whole period of duration, the demand of phosphorus is accounted for the 70% of whole period of duration, the demand of potassium is accounted for the 39.5% of whole period of duration；Can use: spectrophotometric 0.5kg-1kg, potassium chloride 6kg-8kg, carbamide 3kg-5kg, calcium superphosphate 6kg-8kg, Borax 1.5kg, calcium sulfate 3kg-5.5Kg；Mix homogeneously, adds 50 times of water, foliage-spray；
(3) whole florescence to the period of maturation
In the now maximum period of dry matter accumulation of soybean, the demand of nitrogen is accounted for the 24% of whole period of duration, the demand of phosphorus is accounted for the 13% of whole period of duration, the demand of potassium is accounted for the 17.2% of whole period of duration；Can impose: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5kg-8kg, carbamide 6kg-8kg, potassium chloride 3kg-6kg, calcium sulfate 3kg-5kg, mix and add water root outer spraying by 1:50；First time spray is fertile to be carried out when pushing up pod and can touch out beans, every spray in 10-14 days once.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: utilize the present invention to apply fertilizer, balance soil nutrient, not spoiled soil environment; and desired nutritional is provided in time, improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, improve the quality of Semen sojae atricolor; improve yield, and do not cause overfertilization, protect environment.
Detailed description of the invention
One, the mensuration of nutrient
Sampling: select the Rapeseed Field of 5-8 mu after rape harvest, samples along S shape, and each sample takes 5-10 sampled point, every some vertical collection topsoil (10-20cm), every sample weight 1kg.
Detection: dry soil sample, measure alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter and pH value and boron, soil acidity or alkalinity measures and adopts pH meter, organic mensuration adopts potassium dichromate method, the mensuration of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen adopts alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method, effective phosphorus yield adopts Molybdenum Blue Colorimetric Method, and the mensuration of available potassium adopts sodium tetraphenylborate turbidimetry, and the mensuration of Boron contents adopts spectrophotography.
Two, calculation of fertilization amount
Adopt nutrient balance method, calculate fertilizer provision from soil amount with the measured value of nutrient, and determine soil fertility.
Mu nitrogen fertilizer amount=[(0.03 × target output)-(soil nutrien measuring value × 0.15 × correction coefficient)] ÷ 0.23 its span of correction coefficient is 2～5；
Mu Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates=[(0.03 × target output)-(soil nutrien measuring value × 0.15 × correction coefficient)] ÷ 0.14 its span of correction coefficient is 2～5；
Mu Potassium Fertilizer=[(0.025 × target output)-(soil nutrien measuring value × 0.15 × correction coefficient)] ÷ 0.18 its span of correction coefficient is 2～5；
Three, fertilising
1, preceding dressing
Applying seed manure, main application of organic fertilizers: measuring soil fertility, to be the dose such as medium or low be: uses the fertilizer 2000kg-3000kg become thoroughly decomposed for every mu, and mixes application of phosphoric acid diammonium 5kg-8kg, potassium sulfate 10kg-12kg；When soil fertility is high, application of organic fertilizers 1000kg-1500kg, and mix application of phosphoric acid diammonium 5kg-8kg, potassium sulfate 10kg-12kg, used in conjunction with whole mixing.
2, trophophase divides 3 stage fertilisings
(1) Germination of Soybean Seed is to just spending early stage
After soybean seedling is unearthed, from soil, namely absorb rapidly quick-acting nitride；When first compound leaf occurs in soybean seedling, though root nodule is formed, but nitrogen fixing capacity not yet gives full play to, and the nitrogen quantity now needed is few, the seed manure used in soil can provide nutrient, not easily many applying fertilizers；Along with the growth of Semen sojae atricolor, when branch starts the phase, the fertile amount needed for Semen sojae atricolor increases, and uses carbamide 7.5kg-9kg, calcium superphosphate 5kg-7kg, ammonium nitrate 3kg-5kg, is uniformly mixed for every mu, is spreading manuer in holes from soybean plant strain 8cm-10cm place；
(2) early flowering season to the whole florescence
In this period, the demand of nitrogen is accounted for the 28.5% of whole period of duration, the demand of phosphorus is accounted for the 70% of whole period of duration, the demand of potassium is accounted for the 39.5% of whole period of duration；Can use: spectrophotometric 0.5kg-1kg, potassium chloride 6kg-8kg, carbamide 3kg-5kg, calcium superphosphate 6kg-8kg, Borax 1.5kg, calcium sulfate 3kg-5.5Kg；Mix homogeneously, adds 50 times of water, foliage-spray；
(3) whole florescence to the period of maturation
In the now maximum period of dry matter accumulation of soybean, the demand of nitrogen is accounted for the 24% of whole period of duration, the demand of phosphorus is accounted for the 13% of whole period of duration, the demand of potassium is accounted for the 17.2% of whole period of duration；Can impose: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5kg-8kg, carbamide 6kg-8kg, potassium chloride 3kg-6kg, calcium sulfate 3kg-5kg, mix and add water root outer spraying by 1:50；First time spray is fertile to be carried out when pushing up pod and can touch out beans, every spray in 10-14 days once.
Claims (3)
1. a Semen sojae atricolor soil testing and formulated fertilization method, it is characterised in that in fertilising main point 2 stages, preceding dressing, trophophase apply fertilizer.
2. according to claim 1 Semen sojae atricolor soil testing and formulated fertilization method, it is characterized in that, described preceding dressing refers to: applying seed manure, main application of organic fertilizers: measuring soil fertility, to be the dose such as medium or low be: uses the fertilizer 2000kg-3000kg become thoroughly decomposed for every mu, and mix application of phosphoric acid diammonium 5kg-8kg, potassium sulfate 10kg-12kg；When soil fertility is high, application of organic fertilizers 1000kg-1500kg, and mix application of phosphoric acid diammonium 5kg-8kg, potassium sulfate 10kg-12kg, used in conjunction with whole mixing.
3. according to claim 1 Semen sojae atricolor soil testing and formulated fertilization method, it is characterised in that the fertilising of described trophophase refers to: include three fertilising stages:
(1) Germination of Soybean Seed applies fertilizer to just flower early stage
After soybean seedling is unearthed, from soil, namely absorb rapidly quick-acting nitride；When first compound leaf occurs in soybean seedling, though root nodule is formed, but nitrogen fixing capacity not yet gives full play to, and the nitrogen quantity now needed is few, the seed manure used in soil can provide nutrient, not easily many applying fertilizers；Along with the growth of Semen sojae atricolor, when branch starts the phase, the fertile amount needed for Semen sojae atricolor increases, and uses carbamide 7.5kg-9kg, calcium superphosphate 5kg-7kg, ammonium nitrate 3kg-5kg, is uniformly mixed for every mu, is spreading manuer in holes from soybean plant strain 8cm-10cm place；
(2) early flowering season applied fertilizer to the whole florescence
In this period, the demand of nitrogen is accounted for the 28.5% of whole period of duration, the demand of phosphorus is accounted for the 70% of whole period of duration, the demand of potassium is accounted for the 39.5% of whole period of duration；Can use: spectrophotometric 0.5kg-1kg, potassium chloride 6kg-8kg, carbamide 3kg-5kg, calcium superphosphate 6kg-8kg, Borax 1.5kg, calcium sulfate 3kg-5.5Kg；Mix homogeneously, adds 50 times of water, foliage-spray；
(3) whole florescence to period of maturation fertilising
In the now maximum period of dry matter accumulation of soybean, the demand of nitrogen is accounted for the 24% of whole period of duration, the demand of phosphorus is accounted for the 13% of whole period of duration, the demand of potassium is accounted for the 17.2% of whole period of duration；Can impose: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5kg-8kg, carbamide 6kg-8kg, potassium chloride 3kg-6kg, calcium sulfate 3kg-5kg, mix and add water root outer spraying by 1:50；First time spray is fertile to be carried out when pushing up pod and can touch out beans, every spray in 10-14 days once.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106342459A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-25 | 怀远县荆涂山石榴科技有限公司 | Soil testing and formulated fertilization method for Huaiyuan pomegranate |
| CN106550641A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-04-05 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Fructus Lycii soil testing and formulated fertilization method |
| CN106748400A (en) * | 2016-11-19 | 2017-05-31 | 蚌埠市涂山村富民石榴专业合作社 | A kind of fertilizing method of soybean |
| CN108377862A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-10 | 王鹏 | A kind of cucumber green cultivation soil testing and formulated fertilization method |
| CN108718638A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-02 | 河北吉瑞馨农业科技发展有限公司 | The soil testing and fertilizer recommendation method of soybean |
| CN111848308A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-30 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Saline-alkali soil soybean fertilizer and fertilizing method for improving nutrient efficiency of saline-alkali soil soybeans |
| CN114605208A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-10 | 世多乐(青岛)农业科技有限公司 | Fertilizer composition and application thereof in soybean planting |
| CN115918341A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-04-07 | 东北农业大学 | Method for applying soybean high-efficiency nitrogen fertilizer |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106342459A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-25 | 怀远县荆涂山石榴科技有限公司 | Soil testing and formulated fertilization method for Huaiyuan pomegranate |
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| CN106550641A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-04-05 | 新疆林科院经济林研究所 | Fructus Lycii soil testing and formulated fertilization method |
| CN108377862A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-10 | 王鹏 | A kind of cucumber green cultivation soil testing and formulated fertilization method |
| CN108718638A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-02 | 河北吉瑞馨农业科技发展有限公司 | The soil testing and fertilizer recommendation method of soybean |
| CN111848308A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-30 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Saline-alkali soil soybean fertilizer and fertilizing method for improving nutrient efficiency of saline-alkali soil soybeans |
| CN114605208A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-10 | 世多乐(青岛)农业科技有限公司 | Fertilizer composition and application thereof in soybean planting |
| CN115918341A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-04-07 | 东北农业大学 | Method for applying soybean high-efficiency nitrogen fertilizer |
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Application publication date: 20160727 |