CN105794082B - 阵列线圈系统 - Google Patents

阵列线圈系统 Download PDF

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CN105794082B
CN105794082B CN201380081253.XA CN201380081253A CN105794082B CN 105794082 B CN105794082 B CN 105794082B CN 201380081253 A CN201380081253 A CN 201380081253A CN 105794082 B CN105794082 B CN 105794082B
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coil
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power transmission
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CN105794082A (zh
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宫下功宽
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Panasonic Automotive Systems Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/124—Detection or removal of foreign bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种阵列线圈系统，其具备：多个排列好的检测用线圈(102)和多个电阻(108)，各检测用线圈(102)的两端子分别经由电阻(108)接地或经由电阻(108)与直流电压相连接。

Description

阵列线圈系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种对多个排列好的环状线圈进行供电的阵列线圈系统。
背景技术
近年来，为了向例如电动汽车等进行非接触充电，开发了无线电力传输系统。在该无线电力传输系统中，在充电装置侧设有送电线圈，在电动汽车侧设有受电线圈，并且通过使用电磁感应方式而实现了在非接触下进行高效率的传输。在该基于电磁感应的无线电力传输系统中，由于传输大电力，因此若在送电线圈与受电线圈之间、或者在送电线圈与受电线圈周围混入金属材质的异物，就会有发热的危险，因此在充电前对金属材质的异物的检测就成为安全方面上的重要课题。
对于上述课题，一般使用下述方法：设置用来检测金属的检测用线圈，通过由金属与检测用线圈之间的电磁感应产生的检测用线圈的电感的变化来检测金属。该方式由于使用电磁感应，因此会向检测用线圈供给具有高频分量的电力。但是，在送电线圈之上布置多个检测用线圈的情况下，多个检测用线圈之间的相互耦合会导致检测性能恶化。
因此，为了减少线圈之间的相互耦合造成的影响，使用了下述方法，即：利用开关来切换线圈与驱动该线圈的电路之间的连接、断开(例如参照专利文献1)。
专利文献1：日本公开专利公报特开2004-342040号公报
发明内容
-发明要解决的技术问题-
但是，就上述专利文献1的方法来说，由于线圈具有寄生电容，因此即使断开线圈与电路间的连接，也会在线圈上感应出电流，因此无法减少相互耦合造成的影响。
本发明是鉴于上述现有的课题而完成的，其目的在于提供一种能够减少检测用线圈间的相互耦合造成的影响的阵列线圈系统。
-用以解决技术问题的技术方案-
为解决上述课题，本发明所涉及的阵列线圈系统具备多个排列好的检测用线圈和多个电阻，各检测用线圈的两端子分别经由电阻接地或经由电阻与直流电压相连接。
-发明的效果-
根据本发明，能够减少检测用线圈间的相互耦合造成的影响。
附图说明
图1是示出本发明的一实施方式中的阵列线圈系统的结构的图。
图2是示出本发明的一实施方式中的、异物所引起的接收电力量的变化的图。
图3是示出本发明的一实施方式中的无线电力传输系统搭载在车辆上的例子的图。
图4是本发明的一实施方式中的送电线圈壳体的、从其上部观察到的图。
图5是本发明的一实施方式中的送电线圈壳体的剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图对用于实施本发明的阵列线圈系统的方式进行说明。需要说明的是，本发明不受该实施方式的限制。
图1是示出本发明的一实施方式中的阵列线圈系统的结构的图。
发送电路101生成规定频率的高频电力，并向检测用线圈102输出该高频电力。检测用线圈102是为了检测金属材质的异物201而产生高频磁场的线圈，在阵列线圈系统中排列有多个检测用线圈102。谐振电容元件103与各检测用线圈102的两端子相连接，构成谐振电路。谐振电容元件103在靠近检测用线圈102处与检测用线圈102相连接。本发明是利用检测对象物(金属)所引起的检测用线圈102的电感的变化来进行检测的系统。因此，若检测用线圈102与谐振电容元件103之间的距离增加，将检测用线圈102与谐振电容元件103之间连接起来的布线变长，则布线就具有电感分量，检测对象物所引起的检测用线圈102的电感的变化量就变小，从而导致检测性能降低。
以下，在本实施方式中，对构成并联谐振电路的情况进行说明。检测用线圈102具有寄生电容104，在等效电路中，与各检测用线圈102并联地产生电容分量。
按下述方式设定谐振电容元件103的电容值，即：从发送电路101输出的高频电力的频率与由检测用线圈102、谐振电容元件103和寄生电容104构成的谐振电路的谐振频率f0大致一致。在比自谐振频率(由检测用线圈102的电感和寄生电容104产生的谐振频率)还高的频域下，检测用线圈102不具有电感分量。因此，将从发送电路101输出的高频电力的频率设定为比检测用线圈102的自谐振频率还低的值。检测电路105经由检测用线圈102接收从发送电路101输出的高频电力，并根据接收电力量的变化来检测金属材质的异物201。开关电路106是选择性地对多个排列好的检测用线圈102中要供电的线圈进行切换的开关电路。
图2是示出异物所引起的接收电力量的变化的图。当检测用线圈102附近不存在异物201时，在从发送电路101输出的高频电力的频率与谐振频率f0大致一致的条件下，根据并联谐振现象，接收电力量成为较低的值。当检测用线圈102附近存在异物201时，在检测用线圈102与异物201之间产生电磁感应，检测用线圈102的电感降低。由此，谐振频率f0变高，与不存在异物201时相比，接收电力量变高。根据该接收电力量的变化来检测金属材质的异物201。
图3是示出无线电力传输系统搭载在车辆301上的例子的图。图3示出送电线圈302搭载在地面侧、受电线圈303搭载在车辆301侧的例子。送电线圈302收纳在送电线圈壳体304中。检测用线圈102布置在送电线圈302之上，并且收纳在送电线圈壳体304中。
图4是送电线圈壳体304的、从其上部观察到的图。为了检测送电线圈302之上或者送电线圈302周围的金属材质的异物，无间隙地覆盖送电线圈302及其周围而排列有检测用线圈102。利用开关电路106切换这些检测用线圈102，对存在于送电线圈302或其周围的异物201进行检测。
在图1中，检测用线圈102不仅与异物201产生磁场耦合，与存在于附近的送电线圈302也产生磁场耦合，从而在送电线圈302上感应出电流。由于产生检测用线圈102与送电线圈302的磁场耦合，从而异物201所引起的接收电力的变化变小，异物检测性能恶化。
图5是送电线圈壳体304的剖视图。为了减少检测用线圈102与送电线圈302的耦合，最好将检测用线圈102布置为：异物201与检测用线圈102之间的距离a(送电线圈壳体304的表面与检测用线圈102之间的距离)比送电线圈302与检测用线圈102之间的距离b短。
在图1中，为了进行非接触充电，高频振荡源305向送电线圈302供给规定频率的高频电力。由于高频振荡源305传输大电力，因此若在检测用线圈102与送电线圈302之间产生磁场耦合，就会向发送电路101、检测电路105、开关电路106输入大电流，从而有电路损坏的可能性。因此，从发送电路101输出的高频电力的频率与从高频振荡源305输出的高频电力的频率被设定为不同的值。而且，将电路保护滤波器107插入开关电路106与检测用线圈102之间，该电路保护滤波器107具有使从发送电路101输出的高频电力的频率通过，并阻止从高频振荡源305输出的高频电力的频率的特性。由此，能够保护发送电路101、检测电路105和开关电路106。
此外，为了减少检测用线圈102与送电线圈302之间的磁场耦合，降低输入到发送电路101、检测电路105和开关电路106的电力，如图4所示，将各检测用线圈102的尺寸设定为小于送电线圈302的尺寸。
对于按上述方式构成的阵列线圈系统说明其工作情况。
如图4所示，由于各检测用线圈102布置为相互接近，因此会相互产生磁场耦合。在图1中，在检测用线圈102中选择了L1的情况下，L1以外的未被选择的线圈与L1耦合，从而感应出电流。由此，异物201所引起的接收电力的变化变小，检测性能恶化。而且，由于非选择线圈与电容元件相连接，因此产生谐振现象，在非选择线圈上感应出大的电流。为了改善检测性能，有必要减少在非选择线圈上感应出的电流。
于是，在本发明中，将各检测用线圈102的两端子经由电阻108接地或经由电阻108与直流电压相连接。检测用线圈102中的非选择线圈的两端与电阻相连接，从而非选择线圈所构成的谐振电路的品质因数下降，由此能够减少谐振现象所引起的感应电流的增加。
通过以上方式，本发明的阵列线圈系统能够减少检测用线圈之间的相互耦合造成的影响。
-产业实用性-
本发明的阵列线圈系统能够应用于：便携设备、电驱动车辆等的非接触充电器的异物检测系统；使用多个线圈(环形天线)的无线设备(例如无线标签读写器等)。
-符号说明-
101 发送电路
102 检测用线圈
103 谐振电容元件
104 寄生电容
105 检测电路
106 开关电路
107 电路保护滤波器
108 电阻
201 异物
301 车辆
302 送电线圈
303 受电线圈
304 送电线圈壳体
305 高频振荡源

Claims (5)

1.一种阵列线圈系统，其特征在于：
所述阵列线圈系统具备：
多个排列好的检测用线圈；
多个电阻；
所述多个排列好的检测用线圈的各线圈的两端子之间连接的谐振电容元件；
生成规定频率的电力并向所述检测用线圈输出的发送电路；以及
开关电路，其选择性地切换所述多个排列好的检测用线圈中要由所述发送电路供电的线圈，
所述多个排列好的检测用线圈的两端子分别经由所述电阻接地或经由所述电阻与直流电压相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阵列线圈系统，其特征在于：
所述谐振电容元件在靠近所述检测用线圈处与该检测用线圈相连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阵列线圈系统，其特征在于：
所述阵列线圈系统具备：
为了进行非接触充电而向送电线圈供给规定频率的高频电力的高频振荡源，
从所述发送电路输出的高频电力的频率被设定为与从所述高频振荡源输出的高频电力的频率不同的值，
所述检测用线圈与电路保护滤波器相连接，该电路保护滤波器具有使从所述发送电路输出的高频电力的频率通过，并且阻止从所述高频振荡源输出的高频电力的频率的特性。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阵列线圈系统，其特征在于：
所述多个排列好的检测用线圈的各线圈的尺寸被设定为小于送电线圈的尺寸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的阵列线圈系统，其特征在于：
所述阵列线圈系统具备收纳送电线圈的送电线圈壳体，
所述检测用线圈布置在所述送电线圈之上并收纳在所述送电线圈壳体中，
所述检测用线圈布置为：所述送电线圈壳体的表面与所述检测用线圈之间的距离比所述送电线圈与所述检测用线圈之间的距离短。
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