CN105792394A - 一种纤维状可拉伸加热器及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纤维状可拉伸加热器及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105792394A
CN105792394A CN201610146804.1A CN201610146804A CN105792394A CN 105792394 A CN105792394 A CN 105792394A CN 201610146804 A CN201610146804 A CN 201610146804A CN 105792394 A CN105792394 A CN 105792394A
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李耀刚
王鹿
郭洋
王宏志
张青红
侯成义
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National Dong Hwa University
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    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
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    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
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    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
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    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
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    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
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    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种纤维状可拉伸加热器及其制备方法，所述加热器的结构为：导电织物以螺旋状缠绕在弹性聚合物纤维上。制备方法包括：将织物剪裁至条状，等离子体处理；然后依次浸涂碳纳米管分散液和银纳米线分散液，干燥，得到导电织物；将导电织物以螺旋状缠绕在弹性聚合物纤维上，即得纤维状可拉伸加热器。本发明的纤维状可拉伸加热器具有可拉伸、可编织，加热电压低，稳定性高，制备工艺简单等优点。

Description

一种纤维状可拉伸加热器及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于加热器件及其制备领域，特别涉及一种纤维状可拉伸加热器及其制备方法。
背景技术
加热器件由于其在除冰、防雾、热疗、保暖等领域具有巨大的应用前景而得到了研究者的广泛关注。传统的柔性加热器是以银纳米线为导电层，以聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为基底的薄膜状器件，这种加热器虽然也较轻、并且具有很好的柔韧性和可拉伸性，但作为随身加热元件应用于可穿戴领域，这种薄膜状的加热器件不仅不透气，影响了人体舒适性，而且这种薄膜很难实现与传统服装织物的集成。因而，开发具有透气性好，舒适性高，易于与传统服装织物集成的加热器尤为重要。
然而，到目前为止既具有良好的透气性和舒适性，又具有高的集成性的加热器件未见报道。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种纤维状可拉伸加热器及其制备方法，该方法制备的纤维状加热器透气性好，舒适性高，可编织，易于集成，在柔性电子领域，尤其是可穿戴设备方面具有很大的应用前景。
本发明的一种纤维状可拉伸加热器，其结构为：导电织物以螺旋状缠绕在弹性聚合物纤维上；其中，导电织物为依次浸渍碳纳米管分散液和银纳米线分散液的织物。
所述织物为尼龙织物、丙纶织物、涤纶织物、腈纶织物或棉织物。
所述弹性聚合物纤维为聚氨酯纤维、聚二甲基硅氧烷纤维、橡胶纤维或乳胶纤维中的一种。
所述缠绕方式为：导电布织物与弹性聚合物纤维夹角为30-90°。
所述碳纳米管分散液浓度为0.05-3mg/mL，银纳米线分散液浓度为0.01-2mg/mL。
所述碳纳米管为单壁碳纳米管。
本发明一种纤维状可拉伸加热器的制备方法，包括：
(1)将织物剪裁至条状，等离子体处理；
(2)将步骤(1)中经过等离子体处理的织物依次浸渍碳纳米管分散液和银纳米线分散液，干燥，得到导电织物；
(3)将步骤(2)中的导电织物以螺旋状缠绕在弹性聚合物纤维上，即得纤维状可拉伸加热器。
所述步骤(1)中等离子处理为：氧气气氛，压强为0.05-0.3MPa，处理时间为1min-30min。
所述步骤(2)中浸渍方式为：先将织物条在碳纳米管分散液中浸渍1-5min，在通风橱中晾干，然后在银纳米线分散液中浸渍1-5min，在通风橱中晾干，为一个循环；其中，浸渍1-20个循环。根据不同的导电性需求，浸渍不同的循环个数。
所述步骤(2)中干燥为在通风橱中晾干。
所述步骤(2)中的碳纳米管为单壁碳纳米管或多壁碳纳米管，优先选用单壁碳纳米管。
本发明通过改变导电织物条与芯层的夹角调节纤维加热器的拉伸程度。
有益效果
(1)本发明的纤维状可拉伸加热器件具有优异的柔韧性、轻量性、可拉伸、可编织性、高集成性以及整合后的透气性及穿着舒适性；解决了基于目前已报道的加热器件未能在提供加热效果的同时，又满足透气性、舒适性以及高集成性的的要求的缺陷；
(2)本发明制备工艺简单、成本低廉；
(3)本发明制备工艺无污染，制备速度快，有利于工业上生产推广。
附图说明
图1为本发明中纤维状可拉伸结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
(1)将尼龙织物裁剪成条状，并将其用0.05MPa氧气气氛等离子体处理5min，以提高表面活性；
(2)将(1)中处理好的织物条在0.10mg/mL碳纳米管分散液中浸渍1min，在通风橱中晾干，再在0.01mg/mL银纳米线分散液中浸渍1min，在通风橱中晾干。重复3个循环。制得导电织物；
(3)将(2)中所得导电织物条按30°夹角螺旋状缠绕在聚氨酯纤维上，制得可拉伸纤维状加热器。所得纤维状加热器在正常工作条件下伸长率可达35％，3.0V工作电压下最高温度可达43℃。
实施例2
(1)将涤纶织物裁剪成条状，并将其用0.10MPa氧气气氛等离子体处理5min，以提高表面活性；
(2)将(1)中处理好的织物条在0.15mg/mL碳纳米管分散液中浸渍2min，在通风橱中晾干，再在0.05mg/mL银纳米线分散液中浸渍2min，在通风橱中晾干。重复5个循环。制得导电织物；
(3)将(2)中所得导电织物条按50°夹角螺旋状缠绕在聚二甲基硅氧烷纤维上，制得可拉伸纤维状加热器。所得纤维状加热器在正常工作条件下伸长率可达25％，2.0V工作电压下最高温度可达40℃。
实施例3
(1)将棉织物裁剪成的条状，并将其用0.20MPa氧气气氛等离子体处理2min，以提高表面活性；
(2)将(1)中处理好的织物条在0.15mg/mL碳纳米管分散液中浸渍3min，在通风橱中晾干，再在0.10mg/mL银纳米线分散液中浸渍3min，在通风橱中晾干。重复2个循环。制得导电织物；
(3)将(2)中所得导电织物条按70°夹角螺旋状缠绕在乳胶纤维上，制得可拉伸纤维状加热器。所得纤维状加热器在正常工作条件下伸长率可达15％，1.0V工作电压下最高温度可达38℃。

Claims (10)

1.一种纤维状可拉伸加热器，其结构为：导电织物以螺旋状缠绕在弹性聚合物纤维上；其中，导电织物为依次浸渍碳纳米管分散液和银纳米线分散液的织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维状可拉伸加热器，其特征在于，所述织物为尼龙织物、丙纶织物、涤纶织物、腈纶织物或棉织物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维状可拉伸加热器，其特征在于，所述弹性聚合物纤维为聚氨酯纤维、聚二甲基硅氧烷纤维、橡胶纤维或乳胶纤维中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维状可拉伸加热器，其特征在于，所述缠绕方式为：导电布织物与弹性聚合物纤维夹角为30-90°。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维状可拉伸加热器，其特征在于，所述碳纳米管分散液浓度为0.05-3mg/mL，银纳米线分散液浓度为0.01-2mg/mL。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种纤维状可拉伸加热器，其特征在于，所述碳纳米管为单壁碳纳米管。
7.根据权利要求1～6任意一项所述的一种纤维状可拉伸加热器的制备方法，包括：
(1)将织物剪裁至条状，等离子体处理；
(2)将步骤(1)中经过等离子体处理的织物依次浸渍碳纳米管分散液和银纳米线分散液，干燥，得到导电织物；
(3)将步骤(2)中的导电织物以螺旋状缠绕在弹性聚合物纤维上，即得纤维状可拉伸加热器。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种纤维状可拉伸加热器的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中等离子处理为：氧气气氛，压强为0.05-0.3MPa，处理时间为1min-30min。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种纤维状可拉伸加热器的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中浸渍方式为：先将织物条在碳纳米管分散液中浸渍1-5min，在通风橱中晾干，然后在银纳米线分散液中浸渍1-5min，在通风橱中晾干，为一个循环。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种纤维状可拉伸加热器的制备方法，其特征在于，所述浸渍方式中包括浸渍1-20个循环。
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CN107503125A (zh) * 2017-09-17 2017-12-22 赵兵 一种基于银纳米线‑纳米银颗粒的导电棉纤维
CN107541937A (zh) * 2017-09-17 2018-01-05 赵兵 基于石墨烯/银纳米线的多功能棉纤维
CN107558190A (zh) * 2017-09-17 2018-01-09 赵兵 导电聚合物包裹的银纳米线导电棉纤维
CN107558189A (zh) * 2017-09-17 2018-01-09 赵兵 一种基于银纳米线网络的多功能棉纤维
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CN110195351A (zh) * 2019-06-20 2019-09-03 中原工学院 一种碳纳米管/硫化铜复合型电磁屏蔽织物的制备方法
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Application publication date: 20160720